Geranium (pelargonium) - chomera chamkati kapena chamaluwa chamaluwa, chosaganizira chisamaliro. Kuti chiweto chizikhala chathanzi ndikusangalala ndi masamba akuluakulu, muyenera kuyang'anira. Kuti muchite izi, pangani dongosolo loyenerera la kutentha, kuyang'anira kuthirira ndi mawonekedwe a mbewu. Kupatula apo, ngakhale kumuika panthawi yakeyo amatha kubweretsanso maluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa.
Ngati geranium siyikutuluka
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafotokoza chifukwa chake ma geraniums samachita maluwa. Fungo lokoma litafalikira m'nyumba, zikutanthauza kuti limodzi mwalamulo losamalira chomera limaphwanyidwa. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimakhudzidwa ndikusowa kwa nthawi yachisanu, yomwe mmera umafunika kulimba ndikupeza mphamvu yatsopano.
Tcherani khutu! M'nyengo yozizira, ma geraniums amasamutsidwa kuchipinda komwe kumatentha madigiri 10. Kuthirira kwa nthawi ino kumachepetsedwa, kuwala kumaperekedwa pang'ono. Chomera chimafunikira kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena chosakhalitsa kwa maola angapo patsiku.
Kufalikira kwa geranium
Pali zifukwa zinanso, kafukufukuyu athandiza kumvetsetsa zoyenera kuchita ngati geranium siyikutuluka.
Kutsegula tchire
Pelargonium ndikofunikira kutsina tchire. Ndondomeko ikufunika:
- Chotsani masamba ndi nthambi zodwala zomwe sizimalola kuti geraniums ikule mokwanira;
- Imathandizira kuti maluwa azomera azipanga bwino komanso yowala.
Nsonga za tsinde la geranium nthawi zambiri zimadulidwa. Muyenera kuchotsa masamba kunthambi, osasiya kupitirira asanu. Kenako chomera chimathandizanso kuti mphukira zikhale zowonjezereka komanso zowala.
Muyenera kupeza malo okula apamwamba kapena mphukira pa tsinde ndikuchichotsa. Awa ndi malo omwe mphukira zambiri zimachokera. Mutha kuchotsa ndi zala zanu kapena lumo, ngati tsinde lili lolimba. Ngati yasiyidwa, duwa limatambasamba, chifukwa mphukira zamtundu ulibe nthawi yopanga. Pambuyo pochotsa, njira kumbali zimayamba kumangidwa, kotero mbewuyo imakhala yochulukirapo. Pakadali pano, ma geraniums amafunikira kutentha ndi dzuwa kwambiri kuti apatse mphamvu masamba atsopano ndikuthandizira mapangidwe awo.
Mfundo yokhazikitsidwa ndikukula imathandizidwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito:
- kaboni yoyambitsa, yophwanyidwa ngati ufa;
- wobiriwira wonyezimira;
- mowa
- mpiru wa mpiru;
- phulusa.
Izi ndikofunikira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuthamangitsa machiritso ndi kuteteza pakufalikira kwa kachilombo.
Tcherani khutu! Pakapita kanthawi, malo omwe akukula adzawombanso. Muyenera kuwayang'anitsitsa ndikusintha mawonekedwe a duwa kuti lisatambasule. Kutsinana nthawi zambiri kumachitika kangapo pamwezi. Chosiyana ndi nyengo yachisanu, pomwe chomera chikuyeseranso kuti chisasokonezenso.
Kudulira
Mukadulira, nthambi zonse za geranium zimachotsedwa, nthawi zambiri zomwe zimamera mkati. Ndikofunikira kupeza tsamba lamasamba ndikuduladula pamwamba pake ndi mamilimita 3-5. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wakuthwa, musanakonzekere. Mutha kuwapukuta ndi mowa kapena kuthira madzi otentha.
Kudulira kwa Geranium
Zoyenera kudulira sizikulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa zimadina ndi kuvulaza nthambi. Finyani malo okhudzidwa ndi antibacterial.
Tcherani khutu! Kudulira kungathandize kuti tchire labwinobwino, osalilola kutalika, lidzaphuka kwambiri. Ma bajeti pambuyo pa njirayo nthawi zambiri amakhala omangidwa akuluakulu.
Muyenera kudula kangapo pachaka:
- M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuzo zisanakhale hibernation. Umu ndi momwe anakonzekereratu kuti akonzekere geraniums kuti apume. Masamba owuma, nthambi zowuma ndi maluwa amachotsedwa. Pakupumula, mmera suyenera kuwononga mphamvu pakubwezeretsa korona wachikasu;
- Chapakatikati, kukonzekeretsa geranium yotuwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mawonekedwe okongola ndikupeza masamba ambiri;
Muyenera kukumbukira! Njira imalepheretsa maluwa, kuisintha kukhala tsiku lina, koma maluwa adzakulanso.
- M'chilimwe, pomwe masamba ndi masamba owuma akuwonekera, kuti asunge mphamvu ya mbewu ndikuwatsogolera Kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
Kufunika kosinthira
Amakhulupilira kuti geranium yomwe imamera pakhomo sifunikira kumuika ngati imakula, imamasula ndikuwoneka wathanzi. Kuchepetsa ndi kukhwekhwerera ndikokwanira. Pali nthawi zina pamene mukufunika kufalitsa mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati sanakhudzidwe atagula, mphika unakhala duwa laling'ono. Kenako mizu ilibe malo okwanira, ndipo chomeracho sichimakula bwinobwino. Izi zitha kukhala chimodzi mwazifukwa zosachepera maluwa.
Kuika mwachangu ndikofunikira pamafunika kuti mizu yomera iwonekere m'maenje okuya. Kukula kwa poto kuyenera kukhala masentimita 2-3 kukula kuposa mainchesi apitalo. Ngati geranium ikhazikikidwanso mumphika waukulu, mizu yake imayamba kukula mwachangu, kutenga mphamvu zonse, pomwe korona sakhala wokongola mokwanira.
Komanso, chomera chimayenera kudulidwa chikafinyidwa madzi, chinyezi chikadzaza, ndikuwonongeka kwayamba. Zomera zimayamba kuzimiririka, kusanduka chikasu. Izi zitha kupewedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ngalande zomwe zili pansi pamphika.
Ngati zinthu zomwe angagwiritse ntchito:
- dongo lakukulitsidwa;
- njerwa yofiyira;
- zidutswa za mbiya;
- chitho cha polystyrene.
Manda
Drainage yaikidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 2-3. Pamaso kuti ndikwaniritse, mbewuyo imayenera kuthiriridwa madzi tsiku lambiri lisanachitike. Chifukwa cha izi, geranium imatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta mumphika popanda kuvulaza mizu. Pamodzi ndi dziko lapansi, limasunthidwa mumphika watsopano. Ngati malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi mizu, amachotsedwa mosamala ndi chida chosalala. Kenako dzazani dothi, lomwe liyenera kukhala lonyowa pasadakhale. M'pofunika kuyala mpaka utupu mu mphika utazimiririka.
Kugwirizana ndi kutentha kwa boma
Kwawo kwa geraniums ndi ku South Africa, motero duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha. Kutentha kolakwika kumakhudza thanzi la mbewu, kuwonetseredwa posakhalitsa. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, pelargonium amakonda kutentha kosaposa madigiri 22. M'nyengo yozizira, imapumira m'chipinda chozizira. Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kuzikhala pansi pa madigiri 15, malire ochepa ndi 10.
Zofunika! Palibenso chifukwa chobweretsa kuzizira poyendetsa ndege ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Geranium silivomereza kulembera ndipo nthawi yozizira imafuna chinyezi chochepa kwambiri. Masamba safuna konse. Osatengera ngakhale kuwapukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa.
Momwe mungapangire maluwa a geranium
Ngati geranium siyikutuluka, sikhutira ndi momwe idakhalira, kapena mbewuyo siyabwino. Choyamba muyenera kuwunikira kutentha kwa nyengo ndi kutsirira boma. Ngati mbewu sakonda chinyontho, ndiye kuti zambiri zimatengera nthaka.
Maluwa
Kupitilira muyeso ndizowopsa pamtengowo, kukoka kwa madzi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi kufa kwa pelargonium. Kuti mupewe izi, gwiritsani ntchito zosakanikirana ndi ngalande. Kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira pamene nthaka yapamwamba ikuma. Maluwa achichepere ndi mphukira amalimbikitsidwa kuti azinyowa mothandizidwa ndi poto momwe mumphika udalipo. Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira kwambiri, tizilombo kapena matenda a fungus amatha kuwononga mizu ya zomera. Kuchotsa kwawo sikuyambitsa mavuto, izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera, kuchotsa madera omwe anakhudzidwa ndi mbewuyo. Vutoli likadakhala tizirombo, posachedwa, pelargonium ichira ndikufalikira.
Muyenera kukumbukira! Kuthekera kokweza muyenera kusankha kakang'ono. Bwino mbewuyo ikhale yopendekeka pang'ono kuposa lalikulu. Ngati geranium imamera m'mabokosi, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pa maluwa uyenera kukhala mainchesi atatu. Mutha kubzala tchire zingapo mumphika umodzi, mukukhulupirira kuti pelargonium amakonda mpikisano. Chifukwa chake, zinthu ngati izi zimapereka mwayi kwa maluwa.
Komanso, chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe pelargonium sichimatulutsa ndi kuchepa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kowonjezera. Chachikulu ndikupewa kuwongolera mwachindunji, komanso kuti mbeu isasungidwe mumthunzi tsiku lonse. Zikatero, mmera udzafa, koma osawoneka bwino, udzataya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Royal geranium imakonda kuwala, komwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu.
Geranium pachimake
Malangizo a Katswiri
Akatswiri, kuti apange maluwa a geranium, ndikulimbikitsa kukonza mawonekedwe ake kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, tumizani kukhonde labwinopo kapena pitani kumunda. Izi ndi zowona kwa nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kutentha masana kumatipatsa kuzizira usiku. Pankhaniyi, chisanu ndi kutentha pafupi ndi zero ziyenera kupewedwa, apo ayi mbewuyo idzafa. Pasakhalenso zojambula zomwe zingavulaze pelargonium.
Mwina chomera sichikhala pamalo ake, kotero mutha kuyendayenda mozungulira chipindacho pofunafuna malo abwino. Ngati geranium iyamba kuphuka, muyenera kusiya iyo yokha.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyika geranium pafupi ndi mbewu za hygrophilous, izi zimatha kuyambitsa masamba achikasu ndikuthana ndi maluwa.
Kapangidwe ka dothi
Geranium imakonda dothi lotayirira komanso kukakamiza kukhalapo kwa madzi. Zomera zazing'ono zimalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera panthaka:
- mchenga;
- peat;
- mzati.
Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito dothi lopangidwira makamaka geranium, mutha kugula dothi lakuda ndikusakaniza perlite ndi ilo. Imakonza dothi labwino, limatenga chinyezi, ndikupatsa mbewuyo pang'onopang'ono. Amathandizanso kuchulukitsa kwa dothi, komwe kumatha kuvulaza ma geraniums, kumapereka mwayi wofikira mizu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mchenga wamtsinje panthaka.
Zambiri! Ubwino wa dothi ungayang'anitsidwe ndikunyowetsedwa ndikuwugwira m'manja. Ngati ikung'ambika, ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ikaponyedwa pamtupu - ndibwino kukana.
Nthaka ya m'munda imagwiritsidwanso ntchito, kuiphatikiza ndi mchenga ndi peat.
Zoyenera kubzala mbewuzo ndi dothi lozikika:
- peat;
- mchenga;
- turf;
- pepala;
- humus.
Perlite mu nthaka
Nthaka yotseguka komanso yolimba imalimbikitsa kukula kwa chomera ndikuthandizira kuti pachimake. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi komanso kuchuluka kwa acidity, m'malo mwake, kumatha kuvulaza majeremusi.
Zomera za geraniums
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa geraniums ndi gawo limodzi la chisamaliro. Chovala chapamwamba ndichofunikira, choyambirira, kuti maluwa azipatso za chomera. Feteleza amathandizanso kuteteza khungu la pelargonium lomwe likufunika kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi bowa. Kudziwa momwe mungadyetsere geraniums, ndibwino kuti muphunzire mitundu ya feteleza ndi katundu wawo.
Muyenera kukumbukira! Kuthira feteleza sikufunika panthawi yanyengo. Simungadyetse ngati duwa lakhala padzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kutentha kwa iye ndi mtundu wa nkhawa. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe njirayi, muyenera kusamutsira geranium pamthunzi ndikupatsanso.
Kudyetsa ndi ayodini ndi peroxide
Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo amadziwa momwe angadyetsere geranium kuti akhale ndi maluwa ambiri kunyumba. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zomwe zimakhala pafupi: iodine ndi hydrogen peroxide. Ndi yankho, muyenera kuthilira chomera kamodzi pamwezi, ndibwino kuti muchite izi m'mawa kapena madzulo. Iyi ndi njira yodziwika, yomwe pazaka zambiri yatsimikiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake. Pophika muyenera:
- madzi - 1 lita;
- ayodini - 2 akutsikira;
- hydrogen peroxide - supuni 1 imodzi.
Kudyetsa ndi ayodini ndi hydrogen peroxide
Kuvala pamwamba kotereku sikumangokulitsa kukula ndi maluwa a geraniums, komanso kumateteza ku tizirombo ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Kuphatikiza apo, atatha kukonza, dziko lapansi limamasuka kwambiri, limadzaza ndi mpweya.
Mavalidwe apamwamba a Vitamini
Mavalidwe apamwamba a mavitamini okhala ndi maluwa oyenda bwino akhala akuchitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Chomera chimafuna nayitrogeni, choncho ndibwino kuyambitsa feteleza m'nthaka, momwe ilimo. Mavitamini a B amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Amakonda kukhala ndi ma ampoules, omwe amayenera kusungunuka m'madzi. Mavitamini B1, B6, B12 amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dyetsani nawonso. Kwa milungu itatu, masiku angapo aliwonse muyenera kuphatikiza ndi vitamini imodzi, kuphatikiza ma ampoule awiri malita a madzi. Kenako amasinthidwa ndi wina ndikugwira ntchito molingana ndi chiwembu chomwechi.
Zovala pamwamba
Mavalidwe apamwamba akachilengedwe ndizoperewera. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, ngati zochulukazo sizilemekezedwa, chomera chimafa.
Momwe ungapangire feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala:
- ndowe;
- mbalame zitosi.
Zinthu zoyera ziyenera kudulidwa m'madzi ndikuthira nthaka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi mopitilira kamodzi pachaka chilichonse.
Ngakhale kuti geranium imawonedwa ngati chomera chosasinthika, ndikofunikira kuisamalira. Kukhazikitsidwa kolondola kokha, kuyatsa ndi kusamalira nthawi yake ndizomwe zingathandize kupatsa pelargonium mawonekedwe. Tisaiwale kudyetsa chomera, kukokerana ngati kuli kofunikira, ndiye kuti masambawo azidzawoneka nyengo iliyonse, ndipo masamba adzakhala oyera komanso owala.
