Chodziwika bwino kwambiri kwa maluwa aliwonse amtundu wa maluwa ndi lavenda. Anthu amakonda mthunzi wa maluwa ake kwambiri mpaka adalandira dzina lomweli - lavenda.
Minda ya lavenda
Anthu ambiri amalota kukhala ndi osatha m'munda wawo, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa momwe angakhalire ndi lavenda.
Lavender monga maluwa
Lavender, kapena Lavandula, ndi mbewu yopanda herbaceous. Ichi ndi shrub, woimira mitundu Iasnatkovye, yomwe imagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 30. Mutha kukumana nawo ku Africa, Arabia, kumwera kwa Europe, India, Australia.
Zosangalatsa. Lavender ndi chizindikiro cha France, gawo limodzi la izo - Provence. Zonse chifukwa mu nthawi ya ufumu wa Roma zinali ndendende malo omwe anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala mbewuyi. Imatengedwa kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndipo idagulitsidwa pafupifupi kulemera kwake mu golide.
Dzina loyamba la duwa limachokera ku Latin "lava", kutanthauza "kuchapa". Izi ndichifukwa chakuti Agiriki akale sanagwiritse ntchito ngati mankhwala, komanso kutsuka ndi kuchapa zovala zawo. Pambuyo pake, Afalansa adayatsa maluwa onunkhira bwino, lidali dzina ili lomwe lidafalikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitundu ya Lavender
Mwathunthu, mtunduwu umagwirizanitsa mitundu 30. Mwa awa, awiri okha ndiomwe nthawi zambiri amabzala. Mwakutero:
- Lavender-levender (imakhalanso Chingerezi komanso zamankhwala);
- Lavender wideleaf (kapena French).
Lavender waku France
Lavender yachingerezi ndiofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ili ndi masamba opapatiza komanso mawonekedwe owoneka othyoka. Umalimidwa m'misewu mumsewu wapakati. Ndi chifukwa chakuti amatha kukhazikika nthawi yozizira panja, sayenera kukumba ndi kufalikira kulowa m'nyumba.
Maonekedwe achi French ndi ochulukirapo. Masamba ake ndi ochulukirapo, inflorescence ndi yochepa. Kusiyanitsa kofunikira ndikwakuti lavenda yaku France imaphedwa ndi kuzizira pansi -10 ° C. Chifukwa chakuti nthawi zambiri imakulira pakhomo, ikakula m'munda nthawi yachisanu, imayenera kukumbidwa ndikupititsa kuchipinda.
Zosangalatsa. Alimi a ku Russia amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina iwiri (ngakhale imakhala yocheperako kuposa yoyamba): Dutch, kapena hybrid, and toot.
Pindulani ndi Kugwiritsa
Ngakhale Agiriki akale adazindikira zabwino za maluwa. Nthawi idapita, malire a chidziwitso cha anthu padziko lapansi adakulitsidwa, ndipo kukayikira za zofunikira za lavenda sikumawonekerabe.
Chofunikira kwambiri pamaluwa awa ndi mafuta ake ofunika. Izi zitha kupezeka pofinya gawo lonse la maluwa (osati maluwa okha, monga ena amakhulupirira). Mafutawo ali ndi mawonekedwe olemera: mumakhala ma linalool, coumarins, geraniol, borneol, ndi zina zofunikira. Chifukwa cha iwo, lavender ether ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito motere:
- Kuchiritsa abrasions, mabala.
- Ndi chizungulire, kupweteka mutu.
- Ndikusowa tulo komanso matenda amanjenje.
- Ndikupweteka mano.
- Kuti muchotse edema.
- Ndi kusapeza bwino m'mimba ndi matumbo.
- Monga anthelmintic.
Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala mosiyanasiyana: nthangala za lavenda, ndipo mphukira zake, ndi maluwa, ndi masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchokera kwa iwo pangani ma tini, ma poultices. Imawonjezeredwa kumafuta, osamba amatengedwa nayo. Mafuta a lavenda angagwiritsidwe ntchito aromatherapy.
Mafuta a Aromatherapy
Kuphatikiza apo, wogwira ntchito, mankhwala omwe amatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi amagwiritsanso ntchito maluwa. Zowona, pamenepo, maluwa akutulutsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Mitundu ya Lavender Yokulira Panyumba
Lavender ndi maluwa omwe amatha kubzala m'munda komanso kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa chachiwiri, mtundu wamtundu waku France, wosankhidwa kapena wosakanizidwa, nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa. Awo ndi ang'ono, amawopa chisanu, chifukwa mumsewu wapakati amakhala bwino nthawi yomweyo kunyumba. Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zotsatirazi ndizosangalatsa:
- Helmsdale. Izi ndi mitundu yambiri ya lavender yopingasa. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa maluwa - si lilac, m'malo mwake burgundy.
- Alba Mitundu iyi ndi mitundu yama Dutch lavender. Kusiyana kwake ndi maluwa oyera.
- Oyenda. Ilinso ndi lavenda wosakanizidwa, maluwa ake omwe ali ndi utoto wofiirira.
Oyenda
- Korona yachifumu - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lavenda yokhala ndi maluwa osalala a maluwa a lilac.
Momwe angatolere mbeu pofesa
Wamaluwa amakonda kufalikira kwa lavenda kudzera m'mbewu. Zitha kupezeka munjira ziwiri: podzisonkhanitsa nokha ndikusankha m'sitolo. Munthawi zonsezi, pali zinthu zina zobisika zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
Kutolere
Mutha kusonkha maluwa m'mundamo (kapena kugula maluwa nawo m'sitolo) ndikuwaphweta. Pambuyo pake, mbewu zing'onozing'ono zinagwera.
Mbewu za lavenda zimakhala ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi - kumera kodabwitsa. Ngakhale atatha zaka zisanu kuchokera kutolera, amatha kuwombera. Koma pokhapokha posungira (mu chidebe chosindikizidwa) ndi kumera.
Kugula
Mwa mbewu zokha, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati mitunduyo imagulitsidwa m'thumba la pepala kapena ayi. Kuti musadabwe ndikusintha duwa pambuyo pofesedwa mbewu, muyenera choyamba kuyang'ana mtengo wake. Zomera komanso zokongola kwambiri, mbewu zake zimawononga ndalama zambiri. Sotsika mtengo.
Mbeu za lavenda kuchokera kusitolo
Mfundo yachiwiri yomwe muyenera kulabadira ndi zomwe zili phukusi. Iyenera kukhala ndi:
- Mayina osiyanasiyana;
- Wopanga;
- Malangizo osamalira.
Kusamalira Mbewu
Kuti mbewu ya lavenda ipatse mbande yolimba yathanzi, malamulo angapo posamalira ayenera kuyang'aniridwa. Makamaka, awa ndi:
- Kuwala. Lavender ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri, chifukwa chake musayike muyeso.
- Kutentha. Maluwa sangakonde kutentha kapena kuzizira - Zizindikiro za kutentha ziyenera kutalika pakati pa 15-21 ° C.
- Sankhani Kuponyera ndikudzutsa kwamera kukhala chidebe chachikulu. Mbeu zophukira ndizosavuta m'bokosi losaya. Mtundu wa lavenda ukangotulutsa masamba awiri enieniwo, amafunika kuwaika m'mphika mozama kwambiri. Itha kukhala yopatukana kapena yotakata (ndi mtunda waukulu pakati pa mbande), koma yotalikiratu mulimonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti mphukira wowoneka yaying'ono ali ndi mizu yolimba yokwanira, yomwe imadzaza mu chotengera kuti imere.
Zomwe mukufuna kumera kwa mbeu
Mbewu za maluwa onunkhira zikafesedwa pansi, sizifunikanso kuzibwezeretsa, kuvala pamwamba ndi zina zambiri. Pakadali pano, ali ndi zofunikira ziwiri zokha, koma ayenera kutsatira:
- Kuwala Mbewu za lavenda zimafunikira pafupifupi maola 10 akuwala patsiku. Ngati nyengo siyilola kuti vutoli likwaniritsidwe mwachilengedwe, mbande zimayenera kupepuka.
Mlingo wa mbewu
- Kutentha Kwa kumera, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mosamalitsa kutentha kwa boma komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Malangizo pofesa mbande
Ndi duwa longa lavenda, kulima mbewu za Chingerezi kunyumba kumafuna kutsatira dongosolo linalake komanso malamulo. Komabe, ndi mitundu ina, zonse ndizofanana.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu
Mbewu zitha kusungidwa pazokha kapena kugula ku malo ogulitsira. Mulimonsemo, ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- Zokolola kuchokera ku inflorescence kwathunthu.
- Zisungidwa bwino mu kutentha kwapakatikati (osati mu chisanu kapena kutentha), mu chidebe chotsekedwa.
- Osakhala odzaza kapena owononga tizirombo.
- Pogula - musakhale otsika mtengo.
Kuphatikizika kwa mbewu
Ngakhale chisankho choyenera, mbewu za lavenda sizimamera zokha. Amasowa kuyanjana. Ichi ndiye “choyambitsa” chachilengedwe cha kapangidwe kazomera kamene chimayambitsa kutentha kambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zitha kuchitidwa onse pamlingo wambiri komanso wotsika kwambiri. Pankhani ya maluwa awa, stratization imachitika pokhapokha kuzizira.
Ndipo pali chinthu chimodzi. Sikokwanira kungoika mbewu mufiriji kwa miniti - mphamvu ya chisanu imayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali.
Kodi kuyanjana ndi chiyani?
Kukakamira kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: zachilengedwe komanso zopanga. Loyamba likufesa mbewu panthaka nthawi yachisanu isanayambe.
Kuti mukukula lavenda kuchokera ku mbewu kupita pa mbande kunyumba, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungatherere mbewu mwachabe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti azisungidwa ozizira osachepera mwezi ndi theka asanafesere. Zambiri zimakhala bwino. Izi zimachitika motere: Mbewuyi imaphatikizidwa ndi mchenga kapena nthaka ndikuyiyika mu chiwiya chowoneka bwino. Wina amapita mufiriji kwa milungu osachepera 8, kutentha pafupifupi +5 ° C. Koma mbewuyo singapulumuke.
Kugawa mbewu mufiriji
Zomwe amafesa mbewu
Kuphatikiza pa kukonzekera kwina kufesa, wolima mundawo akukumana ndi funso posankha mphamvu ndi dothi.
Lavender wapansi amafunikira zomasuka, zopatsa thanzi. Njira yosavuta yogulira m'sitolo ndi msuzi wopangidwa wokonzeka wa mbande kapena wamba wa mbewu zakunja. Koma musanafike kumera ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muizike mu uvuni.
Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, kopyapyala, ndi osaya - osapitirira masentimita. Sizigwira ntchito kuti moyo ukhale wosavuta ndikutulutsa maluwa mumaseti - njirayi siyimugwirizana.
Kufesa
Kubzala pokha kuyenera kuchitika malinga ndi malangizo atsatanetsatane:
- Gawo laling'ono la calcine limafalikira mchombo. Sizingaphwanyidwe, iyenera kumasulidwa.
- Nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa bwino ndi madzi kuchokera botolo lothira.
- Mbeu zamaluwa zimayalidwa pansi kawirikawiri - ndimitundu ina ya 2 cm osachepera kwa wina ndi mzake.
- Kuchokera pamwambapa amafunika kuphimbidwa ndi dothi, ndikumasesanso kuchokera pamwamba. Pamwamba padzakhala 2-3 mm.
- Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kupanga wowonjezera kutentha pophimba chiwiya ndi filimu yomata.
Kuyika mbande panthaka
Chaka choyamba kuchokera kumera kuchokera ku maluwa onunkhira simuyenera kuyembekezera maluwa ndipo, kwenikweni. Adzagwiritsa ntchito nthawi imeneyi popanga mizu ndipo amatulutsa chaka chamawa chokha. Ndi kutenthedwa kwa kutentha, zikumera zitha ndipo ziyenera kudulidwa mumsewu. Momwe mungabzalire mbande za lavenda molingana ndi malamulo:
- Malo omwe mphukira zake zimafunikira dzuwa, lotentha.
- Zosakhazikika zimakonda dothi lamchenga.
- Dothi la lavenda liyenera kuthiridwa feteleza ndi mchere usanachitike.
- Zovuta mkati mwa tchire ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 30 cm (bwino - onse 40).
- Lerender mbande musanazike zina amafunika kuumitsa. Miphika ndi iwo uyenera kutengedwa kwa maora pang'ono mkati mwa sabata.
Mbeu za lavenda pamsewu
Kufesa mbewu mwachindunji mu nthaka
Maluwa a Lilac amatha kubzala mosavuta, popanda kukonzekera mbande. Muyenera kudziwa momwe mungabzalire lavenda ndi mbewu.
Nthawi yayitali
Kuti mbewu za lavenda ziyambe kukula, ziyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi kuzizira. Kwa mbande, muyenera kusunga mbewu mufiriji. Mukabzala panthaka, simuyenera kuvutika ndi izi mwachindunji - zimachitika m'dzinja, Okutobala, kuyambika kudzachitika mwachilengedwe nthawi yozizira.
Kumasulira ndi kuvala pamwamba
Pambuyo pa nthawi yachisanu nthawi yakukula, lavenda iyenera kudyetsedwa. Ndi bwino kusankha feteleza wokhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri, m'malo mwa nayitrogeni. Kupanda kutero, tchire limatambasukira m'mwamba, koma limapereka masamba ochepa.
Komabe maluwa amenewa amafunika kulimidwa padziko lapansi. Imafunikira kumasulidwa nthawi yozizira, komanso kuyiyika. Mulching ndiko kulenga kwa wosanjikiza pamwamba pa nthaka, komwe kumathandiza chinyezi kuti chizisuluka mosavuta. Zomera zowawa ndizoyenera izi. Pansi pa muzu weniweni wa lavenda, dziko lapansi silikhala lonyentchera.
Mulching ma lavender tchire
Kuthirira
Duwa limakonda madzi. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, kuti nthaka isayakidwe. Komabe, chifukwa cha mulching wamadzi, chomera sichidzafunika kwambiri. Kuthirira, nthawi zambiri, sikofunikira kuchita tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kusamalira chomera chaching'ono
Chaka choyamba cha moyo poyera, lavenda sayenera kuloledwa kuphuka; ma inflorescence onse amalimbikitsidwa kuti adulidwe. Zonse chifukwa pa nthawi ino muzu wa maluwa uyenera kukula mphamvu, uyenera kusintha m'malo atsopano.
Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu
Lavender yachingerezi imatha kupirira chisanu mpaka -25-30 ° С. Koma popanda pogona kwina, duwa limatha kukhala kuti limatetemera.
Choyamba, muyenera kudulira chitsamba. Ndi mphukira zazing'ono 4-5 zokha zomwe zatsalira pa izo, zina zonse zimadulidwa.
Kachiwiri, ngakhale chisanu chisanayambike, chitsambachi chimafunika kuphimbidwa bwino ndi lapnik. Masamba owundana sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito - pali mwayi wabwino wowola. Masamba ofunda amatha kuphimbidwa. Matalala oyamba akagwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiziotentha pokhapokha patali ndi makhaza owoneka bwino m'misasa yotukuka. Chifukwa chake mbewuyo imakhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka nthawi yozizira.
Kusamalira Pot Lavender
Maluwa amathanso kukhala akulu ngati chomera. Kubzala lavenda kuchokera pambewu panthawiyi ndizofanana ndi momwe zimachitikira mbande. M'tsogolo, padzakhala zinthu zapadera zochepa zosamalira maluwa:
- Zomera zonyansa zamkati zimalolera nthaka youma mosavuta kuposa chinyezi chambiri.
- Chipinda chokhala ndi lavenda nthawi zambiri chimayenera kuthandizidwa. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kutenga duwa kupita kuchipinda china. Matalala adzamupha.
- Pansi pa mphikawo, muyenera kupanga chosanjikiza chadongo chokuta.
- Chomera chanyumba chimafunikira masana maola maola 6-8. Ndikofunika kuyika miphika nayo pambali dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, mungafunike kuwunikira kowonjezera ndi nyali yapadera.
Lavender aliwumba kunyumba
Mwambiri, lavenda ndi chomera chamtengo wapatali. Kutengera zofunikira zonse, mbewu zimasangalatsa mbande, ndipo zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi - zitsamba zobiriwira. Posachedwa, chitsamba chomwe chili ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino kwambiri chidzakongoletsa nyumba kapena kanyumba.
