Duwa la Pandanus ndi imodzi mwazomera zodabwitsa kwambiri. Pomwepo, mawonekedwe ake omwe ndi osiyana ndi ena amakhala osazindikira komanso alibe chiyembekezo chilichonse. Chikhalidwechi chimayiwalika. Kalelo m'zaka za zana lomaliza, machubu okhala ndi korona wokongola ngati kanjedza adayimirira m'nyumba za anthu ambiri olemera, minda yokongoletsera nyengo yozizira, malo okhala, ndi nyumba zatchuthi.
Tsopano m'nyumba ya pandanus ndi alendo achilendo m'nyumba zamakono. Pang'onopang'ono, mafashoni azomera zoterezi, zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wapadera mkati mwake, zimabweranso.
Makolo akale a mkati mwa maluwa pandanus (pandanus) ochokera kumayiko otentha. Tizilombo zazitali (pafupifupi 15) kuchokera ku mitundu yazomera zofanana ndi mitengo za banja la Pandanova zimakongoletsabe madera otentha. Kwambiri, chomera chamtchire chimagawidwa ku Madagascar. Pamenepo mungapeze mitengo ya pandanus mini. Pandanuses saopa mpweya wowuma, kutentha, komanso dothi lonyowa. Zimatha kumera ngakhale pagombe, m'mapiri am'mapiri, m'malo otsetsereka.
Chomera chokongola chimakongoletsa zamkati chilichonse
Poyang'ana koyamba, mbewuyi imafanana ndi chlorophytum, dracaena. Pandanus nalonso ladzala masamba owonda amatuluka kuchokera ku tsinde laling'ono lomwe lili pafupi ndi malo oyambira. Komabe, kutalikirana kumasiyanitsidwa ndi minga yomwe imapanga m'mbali mwa masamba. Chovala chilichonse ndi chakuthwa mokwanira. Masamba amatuluka kuchokera ku tsinde ndipo amapindika ndi kanga, kumizirira. Chifukwa cha izi, duwa limatchedwa kuti spiral mtengo, mgwalika.
Tcherani khutu! Ngakhale kuti pandanus mwachilengedwe amafanana mtengo wa kanjedza ndipo amatha kutchedwa kuti piral pine kapena mtengo wa kanjedza, ilibe mgwirizano uliwonse ndi mitengo ya kanjedza.
Chinthu chinanso cha mbewu za pandanus ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Amawonekera m'malingaliro achikulire. Tuluka mumtengo.
Mwachilengedwe, thunthu limatha kuyimitsidwa, ndipo mtengowo udzagwiritsidwa ndikuwononga mizu iyi, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati yolimba.
Masamba akutali ali ndi ma spikes akuthwa
Kodi Pandanus akhoza kusungidwa kunyumba? Yankho ndi lakuti inde. Kunyumba, mmera nthawi zambiri samakula kupitirira 1.5 metres. Panyumba, mitundu ina ya pandanus imaperekedwa. Mwa mitundu yotchuka:
- Veicha;
- Sander.
Veicha
Pandanus Veitch (Vicha) amakondedwa ndi alimi a maluwa chifukwa chowoneka bwino. Masamba a mbewu m'mitundu iwiri. Pakatikati mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima yayitali ndi emarodi kapena zobiriwira zakuda. Mphepete ndi loyera kapena loyera. Mtunduwu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pamalo owala, ma spikes akuthwa amakula mozungulira m'mbali. Zowala komanso zowala.
Pandanus Veitch wa Spiral kumachitika popanda mtundu wa motley. Koma olima maluwa amakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mosagate (Polynesian).
Vicha ali ndi thunthu lofupikitsidwa. Amapangidwa kuchokera kumitengo ya masamba owuma. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mizu yooneka ndi mlengalenga pamene ikula. Amawoneka ngati mbola.
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino kunyumba, chitsamba chimatha kukula mpaka kutalika kwa zaka zingapo.
Ponseponse, Weichi wopanga masamba obiriwira amakhala mpaka 1,3-1,5 mita.
Sander
Sander ndi losiyana ndi Veichi. Alinso ndi maplatini okwera ndi pepala. Koma gawo lalitali lotalika la tsamba ndilopepuka kapena beiji. M'mbali mwake ndi wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira. Ma spikes ozungulira m'mphepete amapezekanso. Komabe, mosiyana ndi singano zakuthwa za Vichy, ma spikes a Sander siambiri, ndipo si owukitsa kwambiri.
Maonekedwe a Sander
Exot ali ndi mbiya yachidule. Ngakhale m'malo otentha, chomera cha pandanus cha mitundu ya Sander si mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yolimba, koma tchire lodzaza ndi mitengo yayitali komanso yopyapyala.
Zambiri. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mitengo ya kanjedza yobiriwira yomwe ili ndi masamba osalala (Veitch, Sander) ndi yayitali. Mchipindamo, amasangalatsa nyumbayo kwa zaka zosachepera 30 mpaka 40.
Ngati kunyumba ndikosatheka kuwona maluwa akutuluka, ndiye mwachilengedwe mbewuyo limamasula bwino kwambiri. Mtengo mu nthawi ino umakongoletsedwa ndi spikelets a inflorescence yaying'ono. Maluwa alibe ma perianths, koma pali masamba ophimba.
Zomera ndizofanana-kugonana. Chifukwa chake, maluwa amphongo amawonekera pachitsamba chimodzi. Zili ngati ma spikelets apamwamba. Pa chachikazi, inflorescence ndi cobs chimanga mawonekedwe. Maluwa a exotica amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino la zipatso.
Zipatsozi zimafanana ndi chinanazi. Pamene ikukula, zikuwonekeratu kuti chipatsocho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ndipo chimafanana ndi chinanazi pokhapokha.
Chonde ndikovuta kuti zipatso zizisonkhanitsa. Zitha kufananizidwa ndi tirigu wamkulu.
Pacific Islander, Papua New Guinea sangayerekeze kudya kwawo popanda zipatso za pandanus. Chipatso cha Pandanus chimapatsa anthu mavitamini, zimapatsa mphamvu, mphamvu. Zipatso zimaphikidwa, kuphika pamoto kapena kudyedwa mwatsopano. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti si zipatso zokha zomwe zimangomera mu chomera, komanso mbali zotsalira za masamba, inflorescence.
Chipatso cha Pandan
Alendo ena amakhulupirira kuti pandan ndi poyizoni. Izi siziri choncho. Chipatsocho chimatheka kudya ndipo sichitha kuvulaza. M'malo mwake, pandanus ndi wabwino.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Mafuta mafuta amabisa thupi, amapindulitsa amanjenje.
- Mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse migraines, mutu.
- Masamba ndi oyenera kuchiritsa mabala, zilonda, matenda a pakhungu.
- Porridge yochoka pamasamba imathandizira pochiza matenda opatsirana monga khate (khate), ndi zina zambiri.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Pandanus ndikosavuta. Izi sizitanthauza kuti mmera suyenera kuperekedwanso chidwi. Wofesayo ayenera kudziwa kuti mtengo wa kanjedza wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira umakonda ufulu. Kwa iye, ndikofunikira kugawa ngodya pamalo ena osachepera 1.5 mita. Ngati nyumbayo ndi yaying'ono, pomwe masamba akukula, masamba ataliitali amasokoneza eni ake. Kuphatikiza apo, malo ena osamalira ayenera kukumbukiridwa. Zina mwa izi ndi:
- kapangidwe ka nthaka, kuvala kwapachaka kwapachaka;
- kuthirira chiwembu, chinyezi cha mpweya mnyumba;
- kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuyatsa.
Kuphatikizika kwa dothi, kuvala kwapachaka kwapachaka
Nthawi zambiri nthaka yogulidwa yogwiritsidwa ntchito yolemba "mitengo ya kanjedza". Amaloledwa kukonzekera gawo lapansi. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani tinthu tating'onoting'ono, dothi lamasamba, mchenga, humus. Chosakaniza chilichonse chimabwera chimodzimodzi.
Kudyetsa pachaka kumachitika kwa miyezi inayi kapena isanu. Mu Epulo, pamene shrub imachoka munyengo yadzala, imadyetsedwa ndi mchere. Pambuyo masiku 15, organics amayamba. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amawonetsa "mitengo ya kanjedza, ficuses." Monga organic, kompositi, humus, masamba a tiyi, etc. ndizoyenera.
Feteleza amapaka kawiri mu Epulo, Meyi, Juni, Julayi, Ogasiti. Mu Seputembala, njirayi yatha.
Zofunika! Poto wa kanjedza kachigawo uyenera kupangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe. Kutalika kwake ndi kofanana ndi mulifupi. Chidebecho chiyenera kukhala cholemera, chokhazikika, chifukwa cha mphamvu yapadera komanso kulemera kwa chomera chachilendo.
Kuthirira, chinyezi mu nyumba
Tchire limakula bwino ngati litathiridwa madzi munthawi yake. Chifukwa cha masamba amtundu, duwa la pandanus wamkati limakonda chinyezi.
Kutsirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse la 5-7. Madzi osungidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera siziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ozizira.
Nthawi yopuma, kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi. Chachikulu ndikuletsa kupukuta kwathunthu osakanikirana ndi dothi.
Exot sayenera kuthiridwa madzi ndi botolo la utsi
Chinyezi chokwanira mnyumbamo ndi 60-80%. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mpweya pafupi ndi pandanus. Izi zimachitika mchilimwe. Mutha kuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi batu. Kutembenuka, itha kunyowetsa mpweya pafupi ndi kanjedza ka tropical. Simungathe kuthiririra mbewuyo nokha ndi madzi opopera. Chinyezi pankhaniyi chimadzaza masamba. Chifukwa cha izi, nkhungu kapena matenda monga zowola zimatha kuoneka.
Kutentha kwamphamvu ndi kuyatsa
Chisamaliro cha Pandanus chimafunikiranso pokhudza kutentha.
Kuti mukule bwino komanso thanzi labwino, matenthedwe ayenera kukhala pamlingo wa + 19 ... +27. Ngakhale sichikhala chopanda mphamvu, chomera sichikhala ndi moyo ngati chikuzizira kwambiri mpaka madigiri 10.
Kuunikira kwa exotic kuyenera kukhala kwapakati. Zimamveka bwino m'chipinda momwe mumakhala kugwedezeka pang'ono. Ma Pandanas samasungidwa mumdima wathunthu. Masamba ake, chifukwa chosowa kuwala, amasiya kutalika, utoto wokhazikika.
Tcherani khutu! Pandanus houseplant amafunika njira zoyeretsera. Fumbi limadziunjikira masamba. Sabata iliyonse, zodetsa zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndi nsalu yonyanda pang'ono, chinkhupule. Chowonjezera chomera ndichotsutsana, chifukwa cha kuola.
Kusamalira pandanus sikovuta, koma ndikofunikira kuwunika bwino nthawi zonse. Mavuto ambiri ndiwakuti masamba amatha kuyamba kutembenukira chikasu, kupukuta. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- matenda
- kuwukira kwa tizirombo.
Matenda
Pakhomo lapoirala wamkati ndi chomera chotsutsana. Amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Komabe, ngakhale akunja uyu amatha kugwira matenda, mwachitsanzo, kuvunda kwamizu. Mizu ikayamba kuwola, gawo lapansi limavutika. Iwuma, imasanduka chikaso, imazirala. Zowola muzu ndi bowa. Zimachitika chifukwa chamadzi munthaka. Chithandizo chimaphatikizira kuphatikizira mumphika watsopano ndikusinthira ku regimen yokhazikika (kamodzi pa masiku 5-7).
Zifukwa zina zingapo zachikasu, kuyanika masamba
- kupeza ma tub mu kuwala kowala;
- kuchuluka kwa calcium munthaka;
- kusowa kwa michere;
- kuyanika panthaka.
Kubalalitsa tizilombo
Mwa zina mwazomera zomwe zimakonda pandanus, izi ndizodziwika:
- tizilombo tambiri;
- mealybugs;
- nkhupakupa.
Ndi chifukwa cha tizilombo timene timayamba kutulutsa masamba, kapena masamba amatuluka chikasu, amatha kuzimiririka. Ngati mealybugs ipweteka, ndiye kuti khungu loyera limawonekanso pamtengo.
Zowukira za tizirombo tikuwoneka pachifukwa. Ngakhale mwiniwake atasamalira fanizoli, tiziromboti titha kukhalabe. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri mnyumbamo.
Polimbana kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- Acarin;
- Fitoverm;
- Apollo
- Omwe;
- Anticlesch ndi ena.
Tizilombo tamadwala tizirombo
Njira imodzi yotchuka yochotsera majeremusi ndikuchiza mbewu yothira sopo wochapa.
Kufalikira kwa chomera chosabzala bwino kumachitika mchaka, chilengedwe chikadzakhala ndi moyo. Pakati pa mitundu yobereketsa yomwe imafuna kuzika mizu, dziperekeni:
- kudula;
- kuchotsedwa kwa malo ogulitsira.
Kudula
Zodulidwa ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 18-23 cm. Ali ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Kuwombera mbali iyi kudulidwa ndikuyika pomwepo pansi.
Malangizo pofalitsa mawu odula:
- Mphukira imalekanitsidwa ndi fanizo la amayi ndi mpeni, wokutidwa ndi mowa.
- Poto ya volumetric ikukonzekera.
- Mapa amayalidwa mumphika, osakaniza dothi la mitengo ya kanjedza kapena peat nthaka yosakanizika ndi mchenga.
- Chingwechi chimayikidwa pansi. Mizu sayenera kukhala dothi lathunthu.
- Muphika wokhala ndi pandanus wachinyamata umaphimbidwa ndi phukusi. Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kwadzuwa - pafupifupi madigiri 30. Tsiku ndi tsiku, mphukira imatsegulidwa ndikuthandizira.
- Madzi masiku onse awiri.
- Mizu idzachitika m'masiku 50-80.
Kuchotsa Malo Ogulitsira
Maluwa amapangika kwambiri pamtengowo. Zosonkhanitsa zimachitika pamene mwana wamkazi ali ndi kutalika kwa 18 cm.
Mbale mumiphika
Ma ski samazika nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kupirira maola 12-18, kuti mizu imafooka pang'ono. Pambuyo kuziyika mumphika wapansi, monga momwe zimakhalira zodulidwa. Pasitala ndimakakamizidwanso.
Mbewu
Pandanus amathanso kufalikira ndi mbewu. Njira iyi ndi yoyenera mtundu Wothandiza. Mbewu zofesedwa mu gawo lapansi la mchenga ndi peat ya mahatchi. Kubzala kumathiriridwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Mpweya ndi madzi kamodzi pa maola 24 aliwonse. Mphukira zimamera m'mwezi umodzi. Pakadutsa masiku 40-80, amathanso kuwagulitsa m'magulu awiriwo.
Pafupipu wobiriwira yemwe nthawi zonse amakongoletsa nyumba yabwino. Ngakhale woyambitsa azitha kulima. Kusamalidwa kwa Pandanus kumatanthauza kosavuta. Chachikulu ndichakuti musawonetse dzuwa lowala, osati kusefukira madzi osati kuwuma, komanso kudyetsa nthawi.
