Dieffenbachia - chisamaliro chakunyumba, kubereka

Dieffenbachia ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi a maluwa oweta chifukwa amawoneka okongola kwambiri komanso samadzimva kuti achoka. Komabe, maluwawo sayenera kubzala m'nyumba momwe muli ana ndi ziweto - msuzi wa mbewu ndi woopsa. Mukamasamalira maluwa, njira zofunika kuzisamalira ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala.

About mbiri yakuwoneka

Maluwa adadziwika ndi dzina kuchokera ku botanist waku Germany. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nyamayi idapezeka kuthengo ndi I.F. Dieffenbach. Pambuyo pake mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimidwa kunyumba idapangidwa.

Dieffenbachia - "mlendo pafupipafupi pazenera"

Mawonekedwe

Dieffenbachia ndi wa banja la Aroid. Kuthengo, imamera ku South America. Zomwe zikuwonekera:

• Masamba obiriwira obiriwira akuda ndi milozo zobiriwira;
• Phula lalitali koma losalimba;
• Chiwerengero chambiri chamachitidwe amotsatira;
• Kukula mwachangu ndi chitukuko.

Pali mitundu ingapo yolimbikitsidwa kuti ikule kunyumba.

Mitundu wamba

Mitundu yomwe imakonda kwambiri ndi Spotted (zazikulu-leaved bush bush, White Flame ndi Seguin, komanso Mix. Amalekerera kutentha kwambiri ndipo amalimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Mutha kugula zinthu zobzala m'masitolo apadera kapena kwa wamaluwa wamankhwala.

Chenjezo Zomera ndi poyizoni

Zomera zokha sizivulaza thanzi. Komabe, mutadula tsamba kapena tsinde, madzi amayamba kukhala osiyana nawo. Madzi awa amakhumudwitsa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba, amatha kuyambitsa ziwengo kapena ngakhale edema ya Quincke. Chifukwa chake, mukadulira kapena ndikudulira, mulibe chifukwa chake duwa liyenera kuwonongeka mwamwambo.

Duwa limapatsa chakumwa chamkaka cha poyizoni

Kusamalira Panyumba

Kusamalira Dieffenbachia kunyumba ndiko kuthilira koyenera ndikovala zovala zapamwamba. Yophatikizidwanso mndandanda wazomwe zikufunika:

• Kusunga kutentha koyenera;
• Limbanani ndi matenda, tizirombo ndi tiziromboti;
• Kukula
• Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Makamaka chidwi chimafuna kuthirira. Iyenera kukhala yocheperako, apo ayi tsinde limafulumira kuvunda.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwamalo m'chipinda kuli pamwamba pa madigiri 17, abwino - kuchokera ku madigiri 20. Msewu ukakhala wozizira, ndizoletsedwa kuyambitsa chipindacho, chifukwa Dieffenbachia silivomereza kulembedwa. Panthawi yofukiza maluwa amatengedwa kupita kuchipinda china.

Kuwala

Akatswiri salimbikitsa kuyika mbewuyo pawindo lakumwera, chifukwa sichilola kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji. Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zabwino, koma zosokoneza. Ngati duwa limakhala mumthunzi kwa nthawi yayitali, tsinde limakhala lalitali kwambiri komanso lang'onong'ono.

Kuthirira

Munthawi ya kukula kwambiri ndi chitukuko, kuthirira kambiri kumalimbikitsidwa. Komabe, kukula akayamba kuchepa, kuperekera chinyezi kumayenera kuchepetsedwa. Munthawi yopumula kwakuthupi (nthawi yozizira, mochedwa yophukira), kuthirira lapansi mumphika kumachepetsedwa. Kunyalanyaza malamulowa kumatha kubweretsa duwa kapena mutu wake utali.

Kuwaza

Pa masamba akulu akulu a chomera chachikulire, pakati komanso kumapeto, fumbi limasonkhana nthawi zonse, makamaka kamodzi pa sabata mbewuyo imafunikira kupanga "shawa" yotentha. Dieffenbachia ikhoza kuthiridwa mu botolo lothira ndi madzi otentha chipinda. Njirayi ndi yabwino kupewa matenda, tizirombo ndi majeremusi.

Chinyezi

Kuthengo, duwa limamera m'malo otentha amvula a South ndi Central America, motero muyenera kumakhala chinyezi chambiri mchipindacho. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene mpweya wuma chifukwa cha kutentha kwapakati, mutha kuyika mphika pawindo lodzazidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Chinyezi chidzamasuka, kukhala ndi phindu pa kukula ndi kukula kwa Dieffenbachia.

Kuthina kwamadzi sikuyenera kuloledwa

Dothi

Maluwa samakhudzika ndikuchokera munthaka, choncho ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka wamba pazomera zamkati. Sikoyenera kubweretsa malo kuchokera mumsewu - nthawi zambiri mumakhala tizirombo ndi majeremusi owopsa. Makala amatha kuwonjezeredwa mumiphika ngati adsorbent.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Popeza chomera chimakula kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudyetsa Dieffenbachia tsiku lililonse. Kwa izi, feteleza aliyense wazovuta zamaluwa amkati amakhala bwino. Chomera chimafunikira nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Kudzaza kuchepa kwa calcium, zipolopolo za mazira ophwanyidwa ndi ufa zimatha kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka.

Kusamalira nthawi yozizira, kupumula

Ndi nyengo yozizira, mmera umalowa mu nthawi yokhala ndi thupi. Ngati nthawi yophukira imakhala yotentha ndi dzuwa, kutentha kwa mpweya kumasungidwa mchipindacho, nthawi imeneyi imadza pambuyo pake. Ndi wopanda kuwala ndi kutentha, m'malo mwake, duwa limatha "kupuma" kale kuposa masiku onse. Asananyamuke nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse Dieffenbachia. Kuti duwa lilekerere nthawi yozizira, ndikofunikira:

• Kuchepetsa kuthirira, koma kumasula dothi nthawi zonse;
• Nthawi ndi nthawi konzani maluwawo ndi "shawa" yotentha kuchokera mfuti yofukizira;
• Onaninso masamba ndi tsinde pafupipafupi kuti musasowe kuoneka ngati matenda owopsa kapena tizirombo (tizirombo);
• Asanadye nyengo yachisanu, kudulira kuti apange korona ndikuchotsa youma, wopuwala, wophukira ndi masamba.

Mapeto a dzinja ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosintha. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mchaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi cha February. Komabe, ngati mwezi wa Febere udayamba kukhala wozizira ndipo kukuzizira m'chipindacho, ndibwino kudikira mpaka kutentha kwenikweni kutalowemo. Chachikulu sikuti ndikusintha duwa mu kutentha kwambiri.

M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa

Kudulira

Dieffenbachia ndi duwa lomwe limamera msanga kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo limakhala ndi tsinde losalimba, lopindika, kotero kupangika kolakwika kwa korona ndikunyalanyaza kudulira, kufalikira kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha kufa kwa mbewu. Kudula kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, thunthu ndi masamba akamakula. Musanadule ndi kufalitsa dieffenbachia, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo ndiyabwino, osati yofooka ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Kusamalira dieffenbachia ndikosavuta, koma kudulira ndi bizinesi yovuta yomwe imafunikira maluso ena. Algorithm ya tsatane-tsatane wa njirayi ndi motere:

• Valani magolovesi kuti muteteze manja ku madzi owala a dieffenbachia;
• Wokhala ndi mpeni wakuthwa, chepetsa pamwamba ndi masamba. Chitsa chake chaching'ono chikhale;
• Phimbani dera lodulidwa ndi pulasitiki;
• Kuchepetsa kuthirira. Kudzuka kwa impso kukuyambira, chinyezi chimaphatikizanso.

Thunthu lomwe limakhala ndi masamba, ngati ndiwathanzi kwathunthu, limayikidwa m'madzi ndikudikirira mpaka litazizanso. Kenako mbewuyo ikabzalidwe. Ngati thunthu limayambukiridwa ndi matenda (tizirombo), limatenthedwa, apo ayi kubwezeretsanso nkotheka. Mutha kugawanitsanso chidutswa chimodzi m'malo mwake ndikugwiritsa ntchito izi kudula.

Kuchepetsa kumadziwika kuti kumakhudzanso kukalamba. Zomera zimayamba kukula mwachangu. Nthawi zina pambuyo podula moyenera dieffenbachia mwadzidzidzi amayamba kutulutsa, kutulutsa kwake kumachitika kawirikawiri, ngakhale mwachilengedwe.

Kuswana

Za momwe mungafalitsire dieffenbachia, ayenera kudziwa aliyense wokonda zamkati. Pali njira zingapo:

• Mbewu;
• Zodulidwa;
• Kuyika;
• Gawani mizu.

Chosavuta komanso chosavuta kwambiri kwa iwo ndikufalitsa ndi mizu pogwiritsa ntchito kudula.

Kumera kwa mbeu

Kufalitsa mbewu ya Dieffenbachia ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, njere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kumera koyipa, motero njirayi siyosangalatsa alimi a Amateur. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala mitundu yatsopano ndi obereketsa akatswiri.

Mizu yodula

Anthu ambiri amadziwa momwe Dieffenbachia amafotokozera poyambira kudula mizu. Maluwa amatha kudulidwa m'madzi kutentha kwa firiji, kuti imathandizire izi, mutha kuwonjezera chowonjezera chachilengedwe. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 7-10, mizu imayamba. Kutalika kwawo kukafika 20 mm, zodulidwa zimabzalidwa pansi.

Mpweya wagona

Iyi ndi imodzi mwazofala kwambiri pofalitsa buku la Dieffenbachia. Musanayambe kufalitsa dieffenbachia kunyumba mothandizidwa ndi masanjidwe, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mphukira ndizathanzi komanso lolimba, osakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Zosankha zina

Njira inanso yofala yobereka ndikugawa mizu. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika zina. Duwa limachotsedwa mumphika, zigawo zowola zimachotsedwa, ndi mpeni wakuthwa iwo amagawa kope limodzi mzidutswa zingapo ndikupukuta mbali zake pamapepala. Pakatha maola 24, gawo lililonse limakhala mumphika wake. Kuthira mizu, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena kaboni yodziyambitsa. Mankhwalawa ali bwino polimbana ndi bowa.

Thirani

Musanayike Dieffenbachia, muyenera kukonzekera mphika watsopano. Kwa dieffenbachia, kufalikira kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhudza mizu. Kupendekera kwatsatane ndi pang'ono:

• Thirani chophatikizika cha turf, peat ndi mchenga mumphika watsopano;
• Chotsani mosamala dieffenbachia ndi nthaka kuchokera pachiwiya chakale;
• Pendani mizu yanu mosamala, ngati kuli kotheka, dulani ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
• Ikani maluwa kumalo atsopano, pang'ono kukulitsa tsinde.

Osasuntha nthawi yozizira. Nthawi yabwino njirayi ndi masika. Pambuyo podziika bwino duwa limayamba kukula mwachangu komanso mwachangu.

Mukamasula, simungawononge mizu, apo ayi maluwa atha kufa

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Onse omwe amalima maluwa amateur amadziwa momwe angayang'anire Dieffenbachia. Komabe, si aliyense amene akumvetsa chifukwa chake mbewuyo imadwala. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za mavuto ndi izi:

• Kukongoletsa masamba;
• Kupaka utoto masamba;
• Kuyanika;
• Masamba akugwa.

Iliyonse ya mavutowa ali ndi chifukwa chake, choncho ndikofunikira kuwachitira mosiyanasiyana.

Masamba amasanduka achikasu

Sikuti aliyense amadziwa chifukwa chake masamba a Dieffenbachia amasanduka achikasu. Nthawi zambiri izi zimayamba chifukwa cha kuwola kwa mizu. Kuchepetsa kuthirira nthawi zambiri kumathandiza kupulumutsa. Komanso masamba amatha kutembenukira chikaso mukadzala Dieffenbachia mumphika wothinitsidwa.

Masamba amatembenuka

Ngati dieffenbachia chikasu masamba, zifukwa zingakhale zosiyanasiyana. Masamba akatembenuka, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chosowa michere. Monga ambulansi, mmera umafunika kuvala pamwamba ndi feteleza wophatikiza wamphamvu.

Masamba amatha kutembenuka chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya

Malangizo amawuma pamasamba

Kuyanika malangizowo ndi chizindikiro choopsa chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto a tsinde ndi mizu. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kupulumutsa duwa pochotsa ndikuchotsa mizu (yovunda) mizu yodwala.

Masamba otsika amagwa

Ngati masamba apansi atayamba kugwa, kupindika ndi kuuma, ndiye vuto la fungal kapena virus virus. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, fungicides yama mafakitale amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kudulira kumathandizanso kuchiritsa.

Masamba owundana akuwonetsa kachilombo koyambira

Tizilombo

Dieffenbachia nthawi zambiri imakhala nyama yabwino, tizirombo timabwezeredwa ndi madzi owopsa a mkaka. Komabe, zochuluka zitha kuukira mbewuyo. Amatha kusiya ntchofu pamasamba, ngati kuti duwa "likulira" ndi misozi yeniyeni. Kuti muthane nawo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, ma scabala amakonda fumbi, kotero muyenera kupukuta masamba nthawi zambiri ndi nsalu yonyowa komanso kukonza "maluwa" amphamvu.

Njira zabwino zothanirana ndi tizilombo ndi makina

Mavuto ena

Mwa zovuta zina, matendawa "zithunzi za masamba." Masamba amasintha mtundu wake, yoyera ndi mawonekedwe achikaso. Kuwononga ndi kuwotcha masamba ndi zitsamba zomwe zingakhudzidweko zithandizanso kutsitsimutsa mbewuyo, zivute zitani.

Duwa ili ndilabwino chifukwa limasinthasintha mwachangu pamikhalidwe iliyonse. Komabe, osamalira mundawo azikumbukira kuwonongeka kwake, mbewu yotereyi ndioyenera bwino kuofesi, osati nyumba. Mukamasamala, muyenera kuyang'anira kwambiri zakudya zoyenera. Kukula mwachangu kwa chomera kunyumba kumadalira.