Nyumba yomwe mungamange: Yerekezerani konkriti aerated, dongo loonjezerapo kapena blockchavits

Asanayambe ntchito yomanga, aliyense wokhala ndi nyumba yake yamtsogolo amasankha zomwe apangira. Monga lamulo, eni ake ali ndi chidwi ndi mtengo komanso mphamvu. Msika wamakono umapereka zida zambiri zokhala ndi katundu ndi mtengo wosiyanasiyana, momwe mungasokonezeke mosavuta. Tikuthandizani kusankha njira yoyenera kwambiri.

Ndi nyumba iti yomanga?

Musanayambe ntchito yomanga nyumbayo, muyenera kudziwa osati zokhazokha, komanso ntchito ya nyumbayo. Mutha kuzipeza motere:

• Lumikizanani ndiofesi yapadera, komwe angakulengereni pulogalamu yoyeserera kapena kuwerengera imodzi yoyenera. Monga lamulo, izi ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri, koma zimakupatsani mwayi wowerengera zinthu.
• Malo ogulitsa ena amapereka ntchitoyi kwaulere mukamagula zinthu zomangira, uwu nthawi zambiri ndi network yayikulu, muyenera kuwunika magawo awo. Izi sizabwino kwambiri, chifukwa pa nthawi yoyenera sipangakhale mwayi wogulitsa ku malo omwe mungakonde.
• Pezani ntchito pa intaneti: pamasamba ena mungapeze china choyenera kwaulere.

Musanayike maziko a dongosolo, sizowawa kuitana katswiri yemwe angakuthandizeni kuphunzira dothi ndikuwerengera momwe mungafunire.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti pakhala nyumba zingati munyumba. Nyumba yokhala ndi nkhani imodzi ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, motero ndi bwino kuganizira zabwino ndi zovuta zake nthawi yomweyo. Mapindu ake akuphatikizapo izi:

• Palibe masitepe mkati, omwe ndi osavuta komanso otetezeka, ngati ana kapena penshoni amakhala m'nyumba, mutha kukonzekera bwino malo anu.
• Ndikosavuta kusamalira masamba, chifukwa kuti mukwere pamwamba, wokwanira komanso wowonda.
• Kulumikizana mosavuta ndikosavuta, zinthu zochepa sizofunikira ngati malowa ndi ochepa.
• Mukamawerengera nyumba 10 * 10 pakhoma amatenga zinthu zochepa.

Komabe, palinso zovuta, zomwe zimaphatikizapo izi:

• Ndikosavuta kukonzekera chipinda chopanda kuyenda.
• Ndalama zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padenga ndi maziko monga polojekiti ya 2, koma malo okhala ndi theka.
• Pamafunika malo ambiri.

Ngati tilingalira nyumba yokhala ndi ziwiri ngati njira, ndiye kuti ndi koyenera kuganizira zabwino zake ndi zoyipa zake. Zina mwa zinthu zabwinozi ndi monga:

• Kusankhidwa kwakukulu kwa mapulojekiti ndi malo osungira. Mutha kumanga nyumba mu masikweya mita 120 kapena kuposerapo. m pa malo ochepa.
• Kusankhidwa kwakukulu kwa mapulogalamu.
• Kusunga zothandizira padenga.
• Kutha kuchepetsa mtengo wa kutchinjiriza.

Zoyipa zazikulu:

• Ndikosavuta kusamalira cholocha, chifukwa ndizovuta kukafika pachipinda chachiwiri.
• Osatinso phokoso labwino kwambiri pakati pa pansi.
• Nyumbayo ili ndi masitepe, imatenga malo ambiri aulere, zinyalala ndi fumbi limadziunjikira pansi pake. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe ake ndi ovuta kuthana ndi okalamba ndi ana.

Kutentha

Ngati nyumbayo ili ndi nkhani imodzi, pamakhala mwayi wopulumutsa pama payipi, popeza mawonekedwe omwe ali pamalowo ndi ozungulira, kuchepa kwa kutentha, motero, ndi ochepa. Zida zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika ziwiri, chifukwa kiyubiki ndi yoyenera. Ndipo ngati mawonekedwe azachuma kwambiri mnyumba ya chipinda chimodzi ndi dera la 10x10, ndiye kuti pamakoma awiri agula nthawi yochepera 666 kapena 9x9 metres.

Zomanga nyumba kuchokera?

Mukamasankha zakuthupi, funso limakhala kuti ndi liti kuti musankhe: njerwa ndi nkhuni sizokwera mtengo kwambiri, komanso nthawi yambiri yogwirira ntchito. Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa, chisankhochi chiyenera kupangidwa m'malo mokomera. Komabe, apa, nazonso, siophweka. Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha midadada yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Konkriti yotentha

Konkriti yamakola imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu pantchito yomanga nyumba zapadera. Ndi chida chopepuka chamiyala champhamvu kwambiri komanso chotsika mtengo. Onani zochitika zake:

• Ma block a konkriti aerated amasiyana mu mphamvu. Kutengera ndi nyumba zingati mnyumbamo, muyenera kusankha mtundu wazoyenera kulemba manambala, kuzikulitsa, zowlemera komanso zotsika mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, gawo la D500 30x25x60 limalemera pafupifupi 30 kg. Izi zikufanana ndi njerwa 22, ukulu wake ndi 80 kg. Pogwiritsa ntchito chipika cha mpweya, mutha kupulumutsa pamaziko.
• Magetsi olemetsa: chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka porous, kutentha kumasungidwa bwino mkati mwa mpanda.
• Makoma owonongeka opangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Nyumba yofananira ndiyabwino chilengedwe, imakhala ndi mtundu wake wam'magazine.
• Chitetezo pamoto: zinthu sizimayaka.
• Kuthana ndi chisanu kwambiri: gawolo silikuopa kutentha kochepa, kusiyana kwawo.
• Zinthuzo siziopa chinyezi, ngakhale sizikonda kuthirira kwamadzi nthawi zonse.
• Kuchita bwino: kukula kwakukulu kumachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mabatani omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa zomangamanga.
• Ndiosavuta kuwona, ili ndi magawo osalala, pafupifupi safuna kupera kowonjezera, makoma ali osalala bwino.
• Pambuyo pomanga, shrinkage yochepa imachitika, osapitirira 0,2-0,5%.
• Zofanana, zomwe zimapulumutsa pakuyika pulasitala.

Kuphatikiza zingwe zomangira za konkire, guluu wapadera umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Zidutswa zopangira ndizosalala kwambiri, kupatuka sikupitilira 1 mm, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi khoma lathyathyathya. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito guluu, msoko umakhalanso wosalala, kotero mutha kupulumutsa kwambiri pazowonjezera ndi pulasitala. Kuphatikiza apo, sipadzakhala kutaya konse kutentha, popeza msoko womanga sudzakhala ndi mabowo. Gulu la glue ndi loonda, ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta; momwe zimawonera bwino mu kanema. Mfundo yake ndi yosavuta: guluuyu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazotchingira, ndipo zimayikidwa pamwamba pa mzake ndi cholakwika. Guluu ndi msuzi wa ufa, womwe umaphatikizapo mchenga wa quartz, polima ndi zina zachilengedwe, simenti.

Pofutukula dongo

Zipupa za khoma zopangidwa ndi izi ndi njira zambiri yankho la chikhalidwe, popeza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuposa njira zina ndipo zimadziwika kwambiri kwa omanga ambiri komanso eni nyumba. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zapakhomo zokha, komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga ena popanga nyumba zapamwamba. Kulemera kwa gawo loterolo kulibe lalikulu kwambiri, kukula kwakukulu kumakupatsani mwayi wogwira nawo ntchito bwino, ndipo mtengo wotsika mtengo ungachepetse mtengo womanga.

Chidacho chimapangidwa ndi konkriti wosakanikirana komanso dongo lotukuka, limatha kusunga kutentha ndi kulimba kwambiri. Ubwino wake:

• Mtengo wololera.
• Kulemera pang'ono - pafupifupi 15 makilogalamu.
• Kutalika kwa moyo.
• Kutha kusunga kutentha komanso kupatula mawu.

Makhalidwe ndi zinthu zadothi zokulitsidwa:

• Kachulukidwe - 700-1500 kg / m3.
• Yosavuta pulasitala.
• Kanani ndi zochitika zachilengedwe.
• Kukana chisanu, chinyezi, nyengo zina.
• Sich moto ndipo saopa chinyontho.
• Zoyenera kupanga maziko.

Zoyipa:

• Maonekedwe osawoneka, mabataniwo ndi opanda ungwiro, chifukwa chake, amafunika pulasitala kapena kumaliza zina.
• Ndikosavuta kuwona ndikokwanira.

Silika

Silika yokhala ndi silting ili m'njira zambiri zofananira ndi konkriti aerated, koma ilibe zoterezi. Amapangidwa ndi konkriti, laimu komanso mchenga wopanda ntchito popanda kugwiritsa ntchito wothandizira. Kusakaniza kumapanikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuthinitsidwa kwambiri kenako ndikuwotchera mu uvuni. Zinthuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani otsika komanso kukweza kwambiri, amatha kukhala ndi phokoso.

Ubwino wake ndi monga:

• Mphamvu yayikulu, kukhazikika. Kuchokera pachipilala chachikulu cha 25 cm, nyumba za nthano 9 zitha kumangidwa.
• Osawopa moto.
• Amapereka kudzipatula kwamtundu wabwino.
• Osakhudzidwa ndi bowa ndi nkhungu mosamala.
• Mpweya.
• Pafupifupi mwangwiro. Simungathe pulasitala (wokwanira putty).
• Kusunga malo.
• Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso ntchito yotsiriza yochepa mkati.

Zoyipa:

• Kulemera kwambiri, kotero mapangidwe amafunika maziko olimba.
• Ngati nyengo ili yozizira mokwanira, chipika cha silika chimayenera kukhazikitsidwa mozama: ndi chipika cha 250 mm, chotenthetsera chokhala ndi makulidwe a 130 mm chikufunika.
• Ngati chipindacho chili chonyowa, muyenera kuthana ndi madzi, kotero pazipinda zapansi komanso zimbudzi iyi si yankho labwino kwambiri.

Gome: Kuyerekeza kwamitengo pa m2 iliyonse

Ndi nyumba iti yomwe mungamange, yomwe mumasankha, zosankha zomwe zaperekedwa zimakhala ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake, koma zonse zimasiyana mwamphamvu komanso kukhazikika. Mutaganizira zabwino ndi zovuta zake, mutha kusankha zochita mwanzeru.