Kubzala dimba la Gerbera ndi kusamalira komwe wamaluwa akukhala ndi chidwi, kumawoneka ngati duwa lalikulu. Mpaka posachedwa, iwo ankawopa kukongola uku ndipo amamuwona ngati wopanda pake komanso wosamalira. Posachedwa, zinthu zasintha kwambiri, ma gerberas akuwonjezeranso malo okhala maluwa, obereketsa amatulutsanso zopereka ndi mitundu yatsopano chaka ndi chaka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyodabwitsa. Ngakhale okongola kwambiri omwe amafunikira kukongola ali otsimikiza kuti apeza zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zawo.
Kodi dimba la gerbera limawoneka bwanji?
Msewu wokongoletsera wa Gerbera ndi woimira banja la Astrov ndipo ali ndi mizu yamphamvu. Amachokera ku maiko aku Africa, ngati garcinia, komanso maluwa. Chomera chili ndi chifupifupi tsinde ndi kukula kwa tchire. Muzu woyambira pali rosette ya masamba obiriwira.
Kunja, nyongolosi imakhala ngati duwa kapena duwa lalikulu
Maluwa amapangidwa limodzi, lalikulu. Pakatikati pa madenguwo ndiwopepuka kapena kobiriwira. Wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amayerekezera gerberas ndi daisies kapena echinacea. Komabe, mosiyana ndi mbewu ziwiri zomaliza, zimakhala ndi mtundu wamitundu yambiri. Palibe mitundu wamba, komanso mitundu ya terry, iwiri-iwiri.
Yang'anani! Mu vivo gerbera (gerbera) sichidzakhalanso ndi maluwa amtundu wabuluu.
Oberetsa akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse pakukonzekera mitundu yatsopano ndi ma hybrids
Mwathunthu, masiku ano pali mitundu yoposa 80 ya maluwayi yomwe imadziwika, koma wamaluwa amakonda mitundu yosakanizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsa. Nthawi yomweyo, iwo samakula m'mundamo, komanso m'nyumba. Opanga adabzala kale mitundu yoposa chikwi, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi tsamba lobiriwira ndi geron Jameson. Kwambiri, wamaluwa amakonda:
- Romeo
- Mars
- Alcor;
- Parade;
- Elegance;
- Vincent
- Migar
- Jupiter et al.
Mitundu yotchuka ya gerberas yamunda
Palibe mitundu yambiri yamaluwa monga mitundu, koma ndi omwe amapanga maziko a kusankha kwa wolima dimba. Malongosoledwe ndi machitidwe awo zimapangitsa kuti zitha kudziwa ngati mbewu ndiyoyenera kukula pansi pazinthu zina, ndi mtundu wanji waukadaulo waulimi womwe uli nawo. Kupatula apo, ma gerberas m'mundamo, kulima ndi kusamalira komwe kumafunikira maluso ena, sikungapereke zosangalatsa zokongola, komanso ntchito zina.
Gerber Jameson
Mtunduwu umakula mwachangu osati m'mundamo, komanso m'nyumba. Chitsamba champhamvu, masamba a mitengo ya cirrus, atoleredwa mu socket. Peduncle siukwera kwambiri. Kunja, duwa limawoneka ngati duwa.
Gerber Jameson ndi woyenera kukula m'munda komanso m'chipindacho
Danga la chipewa limafika masentimita 10. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala milungu itatu. Mitundu yake ndi yokongola, yowala.
Maonedwe ophatikiza ndi Maloto Amtundu wa Garvinea
Mtunduwu ndi wa zatsopano zomwe zimawonetsedwa kwa wamaluwa. Kutalika kwa thengo kumafikira 0,45 m, mainchesi ake ndi 0,4 m. gerbera iliyonse nthawi yomweyo imatulutsa mpaka ma 20 peduncles.
Garden gerbera Garvinea Lokoma Maloto Amaluwa kuchokera kasupe kugwa
Makina amtunduwo ndi wolemera. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala nyengo yachisanu mpaka yophukira.
Klondike
Chomera chachikulu chokhala ndi chitsamba chokulirapo komanso mainchesi pafupifupi 0.45 mita.Pakati pa nyengo, chomera chilichonse chimapanga ma 500 peduncle. Mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ndiyabwino.
Klondike amasiyana masamba akuluakulu komanso maluwa ambiri mosalekeza
Maluwa ndi theka-awiri, mainchesi awo amafika masentimita 12. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala.
Abyssinian
Njira yoyambira ya nthawi yosatha iyi imakhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Chowoneka ndichakuti masamba achichepere amakhala ndi kupindika pang'ono.
Abyssinian gerbera ali ndi mtundu wosakhazikika mtundu
Maluwa a mtundu wa mabango, nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto woyera, nthawi zina amakhala ndi ubweya wofiirira.
Gerbera lalanje
Rosette ya maluwa imakhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Tchire ndi laling'ono kutalika, rhizome ndi lakuda. Zojambula zamtundu wa basiketi zimapakidwa utoto:
- lalanje
- ofiira owala;
- pinki
- chofiyira chakuda;
- chikasu.
Orange gerbera imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwa chitsamba chowoneka bwino komanso mtundu wowala wa maluwa
Maluwa apakati nthawi zina amapaka utoto wakuda kapena wakuda.
Gerbera Wright
Rosette yamtunduwu imakhala ndi masamba a cirrus kapena masamba opindika. Chozungulira ndi chachitali, pamapeto pake pamapangidwa duwa lomwe limawoneka ngati duwa lalikulu. Pakati pakepakidwa utoto wachikasu kapena loyera. Mtundu wa pamakhala:
Gerbera Wright amadziwika ndi mtundu wolemera
- ofiira;
- lalanje
- wofiirira
- chikasu;
- pinki.
Gerbera Vega
Mtunduwu udabedwa ndi obereketsa aku America. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina yama inflorescence yayikulu, yomwe imafika 13 cm mulifupi, ndi petals yayitali.
Mafuta osakanizidwa a Vega ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kwamaluwa
Kutalika kwa Peduncle - pafupifupi 0,7 m. Mtundu wa maluwa ake ndi achikasu achikasu.
Kusamalira Kunja kwa Gerbera
Ambiri oyambitsa wamaluwa ali ndi funso: momwe angakulire maluwa a gerbera? Ndi mitundu yokonda kutentha ndipo imafunika chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Poyankha, adzathokoza ndi maluwa okhuthala komanso maluwa ataliatali ndikukhala chokongoletsera choyenera cha maluwa.
Kuwala koyenera
Gerbera ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri, chifukwa chake, podzala pamalo otseguka, malo omwe ali ndi malo abwino kwambiri amapatsidwa pansi pake.
Yang'anani! Ngakhale kugwedeza pang'ono kumakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi kukula kwa duwa.
M'chilimwe, pamene kuwala kwadzuwa kumakhala koyipa kwambiri, muyenera kulinganiza pang'ono pang'ono. Mu nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yophukira, zimakhala zovuta kuti ma gerberas azolowera kuwala kwa nthawi yochepa masana, chifukwa chake ma gerberas nthawi zambiri amakonda kubzala m'miphika ndikuwapangira zowonjezera zowunikira.
Gerbera amakonda kuwala kowala
Mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbewuyo imaphuka mwachangu kuyambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Gerberas amakonda mpweya wambiri ndi chinyezi, koma simuyenera kupopera chinyezi mwachindunji pa inflorescence. Komanso chosavomerezeka ndi kusayenda kwamadzi kapena chinyezi chambiri.
Yang'anani! Sizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kuthirira.
Gerberas salekerera kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha ndi madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumadalira kutentha kozungulira ndi nyengo yokhazikitsidwa. Ndi mvula yamvula nthawi zonse, kuthilira kumachepetsedwa ndikucheperachepera ndikuyika boma lakumalo.
Kuwaza
Monga maluwa ena, ma gerberas amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti duwa likhale lokongola komanso labwinobwino, ndikofunikira kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso fungicides, yomwe ingagulidwe m'masitolo olima maluwa. Ntchito imachitika nthawi youma komanso yopanda phokoso madzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri kuti masamba agwere asamakwiyitse maonekedwe akuwotcha chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa.
Yang'anani! Muyenera kusamala ndi kupeerera kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi kuti chinyezi chambiri chisayambitse tsamba.
Kusankha dothi labwino
Ambiri wamaluwa amakonda gerberas. Komabe, kodi kukulitsa kukongola kotereku mdziko lanji? Izi zimachitika bwino pamadothi osakhala ndi acidity komanso kutumphuka kwambiri, komanso mpweya wabwino. Tsambalo lisanasankhidwe limakumbidwa, kuyeretsedwa kwamasamba ndi peat ndi mchenga kumayambitsidwa.
Yang'anani! Ndikosatheka kubweretsa humus m'munda ndi gerberas, chifukwa duwa limatha kutengeka ndi mizu.
Kupatula kuthekera kwa matenda, dothi liyenera kukhetsedwa ndi yankho lotentha la potaziyamu ya potaziyamu.
Kukula kwa gerbera dothi loyenerera ndi gawo la ndale
Kudyetsa Njira
Sizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa kapena humus ngati mavalidwe a gerbera, chifukwa zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zina zochepa zomwe zakonzedwa ndi maluwa. Pakumanga kwa unyinji wobiriwira, gerbera yam'munda imakumana ndi umuna makamaka ndi ma nitrojeni okhala ndi zida. Ndi chiyambi cha mawonekedwe ndi kutseguka kwa masamba, duwa lifunika potaziyamu ndi calcium.
Yang'anani! Potaziyamu ndi calcium zimapangitsa maluwa ambiri.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika ndi pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'masiku 14, komabe, mlingo womwe umawonetsedwa pamaphukusiwo umatha.
Momwe mungatsimikizire kuphukira kwa gerbera nthawi yachisanu
Ngati gerbera wakula nyengo yakum'mwera, pomwe nyengo yofunda komanso yofunda imatha kusiyidwa padera, kupereka chitetezo chabwino. Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, maluwa onse adulidwa, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, feteleza amasiya kwathunthu. Dzu la mizu kumapeto kwa Seputembala limaphimbidwa ndi udzu, udzu kapena masamba ogwa.
Yang'anani! Sungani masamba omwe adagwa ayenera kukhala pansi pamitengo yathanzi.
Tsopano poyerekeza kuti nyengo yozizira imakhala yolimba kwambiri imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri panthaka mpaka -10 ° C, koma ngakhale imafunikira malo abwino okhala.
Kwa nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kutumiza gerbera kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kosakhazikika komanso chinyezi chochepa
Chifukwa cha nyengo ya lamba wapakati, mbewuyi imalimidwa makamaka pachaka. Wamaluwa amamva chisoni kuti wawononga kukongola kotere. Amakonda kuti mitundu yomwe amakonda kwambiri ya gerbera amasangalala ndi utoto wopitilira chaka chimodzi ndikuphunzitsidwa ngati chosatha. Pokhudzana ndi kugwa uku, duwa limakumbidwa limodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko lapansi ndikuilowetsa mu chidebe choyenerera. Mutha kuyiyika mu chipinda chapansi chokhala ndi chinyezi chochepa komanso kutentha. Chizindikiro chomaliza sichikuyenera kuwonjezera kuposa + 15 ° C. Nthawi zina ndimamwetsa kachilomboka.
Yang'anani! Ngati mulibe chipinda choyambira, ndiye kuti gerbera ikhoza kuyikidwa pakona lozizira kwambiri la nyumbayo, yotetezedwa ndi kuwala kowala.
Zoyenera panyumba sizoyenera kwambiri kuchitira maluwa.
Liti ndipo liti limamasula poyera
Gerbera amadziwika ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa, yomwe imakhala pafupifupi chilimwe chonse. Maluwa ndi achitali, wamba kapena pang'ono. Iwo ndi mtundu wokhawokha, waukulu, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi daisy kapena chamomile.
Zoyenera kwambiri poyambira kwa maluwa a gerbera zimawonetsedwa ngati kutentha kotentha (pafupifupi + 22-28 ° C) ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Kupeza zokwanira zomanga thupi ndi kufufuza zinthu kumafunikiranso.
Momwe gerbera imafalira panja
Pali njira zingapo zotsimikiziridwa zomwe zimaloleza wamaluwa kuti azitha kudzilimira yekha payokha.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Ojambula maluwa amati vuto lalikulu mwa njirayi ndikuti sizingatheke kukhalabe ndi mbewu yazomera. Mtundu watsopano amasintha mtundu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe ena ofunikira. Chifukwa chake, kuti muthe kupeza gerbera yodziwika kale ndi yomwe mukufuna, ndibwino kugula mbewu m'misika yodalirika.
Yang'anani! Mbewu za haibridi sangathe kukolola pakokha, ndikofunikira kuzigula kwa opanga.
Zomera zobzalira nyemba zimakondweretsa koyamba maluwa kokha pakatha miyezi 10-11. Pofesa, muyenera kusakaniza magawo awiri a turf, gawo limodzi la humus ndi nthaka yamasamba, komanso mchenga wowuma. Monga chidebe, gwiritsani ntchito miphika italiitali yokhala ndi mabowo otaya.
Chithunzi 15 Mbewu zokulira ziyenera kugulidwa kokha m'misika yodalirika.
Mbewu za Gerbera zibzalidwe mpaka masentimita 01. Ndikwabwino kungoyiyika panthaka yothira kale, ndikuwaza owuma pang'ono. Zitatha izi, chotengeracho chimayenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena cellophane. Izi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa kuti kumera bwino kwa njere. Pakatha masiku 10, mphukira zimayenera kuonekera. Mbewu zikalengedwa masamba enieni ngati masamba 3-4, titha kuzidulira mu miphika yosiyana.
Mizu yodula
Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, sichithandiza kuti mbande zambiri, koma mawonekedwe amtunduwu azigwirizana ndi chomera cha mayi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma gerberas achinyamata azitha kukula kwambiri. Kuti muzutse m'minda, pofunika kuti pakhale zochitika zapadera, monga kukhalabe kutentha ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Zomera zodulidwa zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge mawonekedwe amtundu wa mayi chomera
Khungwa la gerbera limakumbidwa, tsamba limadulidwa ndipo mizu imabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Pakatha milungu ingapo, mphukira zimayamba kukula kuchokera kumphepo zam'mlengalenga, zomwe zimadzakhala zofunikira pakadulidwa mtsogolo. Masamba awiri akangopangidwa mphukira, amawudula mosamala kuti kutalika kwake kukhale pafupifupi masentimita 1. Pambuyo pa izi, phesi liyenera kubzalidwa mu dothi losakaniza ndi peat, mchenga wamtsinje ndi perlite.
Yang'anani! Kuti muzu wa ma gerbera odulidwa, pamafunika kutentha kutentha pa + 24 ° ะก.
Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mizu imapangika pazodulidwa, komabe, imabzalidwe m'miphika yosiyana pakatha mwezi umodzi.
Mavuto ndi zolakwika zomwe zingachitike mukamakula
Ngakhale zaka zambiri za olima maluwa sizimawafunikira zolakwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kulima kwa gerberas. Duwa nthawi zina, popanda chifukwa chodziwika bwino, limayamba kuponya masamba ake ndikutaya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa izi, ndikuchitapo kanthu popewa komanso kuchiza matenda.
Kutaya masamba ndi masamba
Zizindikiro zoterezi zimayamba chifukwa zingapo:
- kusowa kwa kuwala;
- kusowa kwa chinyezi;
- kutentha mismatch.
Ndikofunikira kusanthula mosamala zinthu zonse ndikuyesera kuthetsa zoyipa zawo.
Masamba amatembenuka
Kutseka masamba a gerbera kumayamba chifukwa cha kuwala kwadzuwa. Kuti duwa limve bwino, masana amafunika kukonza shading yowala kuchokera dzuwa.
Ngakhale alimi odziwa zamaluwa amakumana ndi mavuto komanso amalakwitsa pakulima gerberas
Malangizo amawuma pamasamba
Vutoli nthawi zina limachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa calcium munthaka kapena chifukwa chosakwanira chinyezi. Kudyetsa ndi kashiamu wokhala ndi kashiamu kuyenera kuchitika, zotseguka zotseguka ndi madzi ziyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi gerbera.
Masamba otsika amagwa
Chizindikiro ichi chimachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa chinyezi zambiri kapena kusowa kuwala. Gerberas wobzalidwa m'munda wolimidwa pansi pa mitengo, amayamba kupweteketsa ndikuwonongeka kukongoletsa. Ndikofunikira kusintha kuthirira kuti nthaka yapamwamba ikhale ndi nthawi yopukuta.
Gerbera ndikuthokoza kwambiri chifukwa chantchito yanu komanso chisamaliro chanu chokhala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso okongola
Bustani la gerbera maluwa kubzala ndi kusamalira komwe kungayambitse mavuto, kwa oyamba kumene komanso alimi okhwima, kukhala kunyada kwenikweni kwa bedi lamaluwa. Mitengo yonse ndi kuyesayesa konse kumakhala koyenera chifukwa chamaluwa okongola komanso phokoso la mitundu. Mumangofunika kusamalira bwino kukongola kwa mundawo ndikumuzungulira ndi chikondi.
