Duwa la Astra - momwe limawonekera, utoto wa masamba

Ndizovuta kuyankha mosagwirizana ndi funso loti maluwa a aster amawoneka bwanji, banja la Astrov ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Pali mitundu yoposa 40 ya mitundu yomwe imasiyana maonekedwe, mawonekedwe a inflorescence, kutalika kwa chitsamba, mawonekedwe a masamba, nthawi yamaluwa. Asters amatchedwa maluwa ochepa a alpine meform ofanana ndi daisies, ndi chic Chinese callistefus, omwe amasokonezeka mosavuta ndi chrysanthemums.

Astra - Ndi maluwa amtundu wanji, omwe ndi a banja lake?

Chikhalidwe cha dzina adachokera ku liwu Lachilatini "aster". Matembenuzidwe oyimira amawu akuti "nyenyezi" ali m'zinenedwe zakale zachi Greek, pra-Indo-European.

Zozizwitsa m'munda

Astra ndi duwa wochokera ku chikhalidwe cha herbaceous zikhalidwe za banja Asteraceae. Mabasiketi amtundu wa inflorescence ndi mitundu itatu ya maluwa:

• kusintha;
• tubular;
• bango.

Astra nthawi zambiri amatchedwa duwa lanyundo. Duwa la duchess limasiyanitsidwa ndi mithunzi yowuma, yopanda masamba

M'dziko lapansi muli mitundu 600 ya maluwa. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, asters:

• kukula ngati maluwa ogula;
• ntchito kutchera maluwa mabedi ndi zitsamba zamapiri;
• khonde, zipika, malo otseguka zokongoletsera tchire lodabwitsa.

Zomera zodabwitsa zimasiyana malinga ndi maluwa, osangalatsa kwa diso kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pali mitundu ya pachaka komanso yosatha, ambiri a iwo ali ndi mayina awo.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, mbiri yakale kapena kusankha

China amadziwika kuti ndiwo malo obzala maluwawo, kuchokera pamenepo mchaka cha XVIII asters adabwera ku Europe. Mitundu ina ya asters zakutchire amapezeka ku Japan, Korea, Mongolia, ndi Far East. Asayansi a mayiko ambiri aku Europe, America adasankhidwa. Osiyanasiyana ochokera ku France, Germany, Poland, Denmark, Sweden amadziwika. Mitundu yambiri yanyumba idadulidwa. Ziwonetsero zobereketsa za Voronezh ndizodziwika kwambiri.

Ziwawa ndizomera zamtchire zolimba, zaubweya, zowuma. Masamba a aster amawerengeka ndi mitundu yosatha, yomwe imasanjidwa chaka chilichonse. Amakula kwambiri pansipa, yaying'ono pamwambapa. Mizu ya asters ndiwonga.

Paboti lokhala ndi mitundu itatu, mitundu yamaluwa imasiyanitsidwa bwino. Chovala chopangidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono chimawoneka chokongola

Pamene asters pachimake

Chofunikira ndi aster inflorescence, pofotokozera mitundu, mitundu iwiri ya maluwa nthawi zambiri imakhala yosiyanitsidwa:

• tubular, ofanana ndi belu wopapatiza, amapezeka pakati pa dengu, amapanga mabokosi ambewu;
• bango limamera kunja kwa inflorescence mumizere umodzi kapena zingapo.

Mitundu ya Reed imapatsa maluwa mawonekedwe apadera, pali:

• yopapatiza;
• zopotozedwa
• molunjika;
• kuwerama;
• kumanga;
• scapular;
• chozungulira;
• singano.

Ma inflorescences amasiyana m'mimba mwake:

• yaying'ono kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 4 cm;
• sing'anga kuposa 4, ochepera 6 cm;
• chachikulu mpaka pamlingo;
• chachikulu kwambiri 17-19 cm.

Mawonekedwe:

• lathyathyathya ndi mizere umodzi kapena zingapo zaziphuphu;
• lathyathyathya pang'ono pang'ono kukwezedwa pakati;
• hemispatical ndi tubular Center ndi mabango m'mphepete;
• ozungulira, wopangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ngati mabango a mitundu yosiyanasiyana (wokuta sakhala wosawoneka).

Mabasiketi amakula:

• pa tsinde lapakati (nthawi zambiri limakhala lalikulu kwambiri);
• mphukira-zoyambirira (kuchokera ku thunthu);
• kulamula kwachiwiri (kuchokera ku mphukira yoyamba).

Kugawa kwa maluwa ndi mayina amitundu yotchuka, momwe akuwonekera

Mayina amtundu wa asters nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa, ndi maluwa otani omwe amapezeka.

Mwa njira, maluwa ambiri a tubular mu inflorescence, mbewu zambiri zimapezeka. Mphukira zimadulidwa kouma pambuyo poti petals ifune. Kukhetsa mu mpweya wokwanira, ofunda, youma.

Aster ya pompom yapachaka pafupifupi imakhala ndi maluwa a tubular mpaka 2 cm.

Zolemba

Msipu wokonda maluwa wotentha wamtunduwu umayikidwa payokha pachaka mitundu ya Callistephus chinensis. Awa ndi mabasiketi akuluakulu a inflorescences pamtengo wokwera (umodzi kapena nthambi kumtunda).

Osayamba

Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ziwembu, malo amatauni. Zomera zosatha zosagwira, zobiriwira. Mphukira zimapirira chisanu mpaka -5 ° C, nyengo yachisanu bwino, imakula msanga.

Mitundu yotchuka:

• Jenny yophukira pakatikati ka bulu wokhala ndi mizere yambiri ya pinki bango, maziko ake kuchokera ku masamba a tubular;
• mitundu yayitali mochedwa Lady mu Blue, ma septemberins osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mabasiketi mpaka mainchesi 4;
• mawonekedwe osiririka a Gremlin okhala ndi ma inflorescence acicular;
• Zosiyanasiyana za Anderson zimafanana ndi chamomile wamankhwala.

Wotchi yatsopano yaku Belgian osakwatiwa Maria Ballard siwotsika mtengo pakukongola. Amaluwa kwa miyezi iwiri

Kalulu

Gwiritsani ntchito kapinga wa mapiri, mapangidwe a balconies. Kutalika kocheperako kwa mitundu ya Monpassier, masentimita 15 okha: Pinocchio, Chilimwe, Curb aster amakula mpaka 25 cm.Pamwamba kwambiri, mpaka 35 cm, mitundu Milady, Olympiad, Liliput, Scarlett, Triumph. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsa zosakanikirana za mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka yofiirira yakuda.

Yapakatikati

Mitundu yotchuka ya Harlequin ndi yoyera, apurikoti, nsomba, pinki, buluu yokhala ndi masamba a hemispherical. Podula, mitundu Daria, Assol, Mkwatibwi, Mpira wa rasipiberi, Rita, Woseketsa ndi ena wamkulu. Malingaliro Abwino a Rackley amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha mitundu iwiri kapena itatu pachitsamba chimodzi.

Kutalika

Mitengo yamiyala yoyera ya Symphony yokhala ndi korona wamiyala yotalika mpaka masentimita 9. Masamba a Gala amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapanga chitsamba chotalika mpaka 80 masentimita, masamba ataliatali okwanira mpaka 12 cm. Amasiyana mtundu kuchokera ku chikasu cha aster mpaka utoto wofiirira. Kukula kwa inflorescence mpaka 17 cm.

Aster yoyera ndi mtambo wapadziko lonse lapansi, imapanga chitsamba chofalikira.

Pompom

Siyanitsani ambiri spherical inflorescences. Alena ndi mtundu waukulu wa rasipiberi wofiira. Kumapeto kulima Bala loyera loyimitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe, konsekonse. Erfur amtali - pansi, asters. Mafumu Kusakaniza, Natasha, Anita amayamikiridwa.

Singano

Reed yopapatiza petals imatha kupindika. Kuphatikizika kwa maluwa kwa maluwa koyambirira, kwapachaka, m'mimba mwake mpaka masentimita 11. Nthawi yomweyo, mpaka masamba 16 awululidwa. Mtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtumbo umadziwika ndi maluwa akuluakulu, amapanga mpaka ma 24 masamba. White Unicum, Comme il faut, Snowflake.

Mu phula ngati singano, ma petals ndi ochepa thupi, ofanana ndi nsonga zazitali. Hemispherical kapena spherical inflorescence

Pion

Zomwe ma aster akuwoneka ndizachidziwikire. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphukira mochedwa zamaluwa mozungulira zamitundu. Dona wooneka ngati tsitsi wamtundu wamtundu wakuda amadziwika ndi mtundu woyera wamtundu wakumpoto wa maluwa a bango. Yablunyova wofunika chifukwa cha mtundu wake wosakhazikika, terry. Mitundu yotchuka: Alexandria, Tower, Royal Peony, maluwa a amayi.

Ndi utoto

Pazosiyana zamitundu mitundu, mithunzi yonse yamtunduwu imapezeka kupatula zakuda. Violet wa machulukitsidwe osiyanasiyana amapezeka nthawi zambiri, osakhala ochepa nsomba ndi lalanje.

Terry

Tchalitchi cha pachaka chotchinga chaka chilichonse chimakhala cha wandiweyani (chimakhala mphukira) komanso chong'ambika - chotayirira inflorescence. Mwa perennials, mitundu yotentha yamtundu wa Ballard yamtambo wamtambo wamtambo (Maria) ndi pinki (Sarah) ndiyotchuka.

Nthawi yamaluwa

Nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ndi nthawi yomwe asters pachimake:

• masamba oyambira kapena a masika amasulidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi, kumayambiriro kwa Julayi amadzala;
• chilimwe - maluwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Julayi mpaka Seputembala;
• kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena kwa yophukira kumawonekera mu Seputembala, kukhalabe mpaka chisanu.

Kulima mbewu

Ziwonetsero zimabzalidwa m'malo obisalamo kapena malo oyamba kumayambiriro kwamasika kapena nyengo yachisanu isanachitike. Kupeza maluwa koyambirira, kulima mmera kwakhala kukuchitika kunyumba kuyambira Marichi. Pansipa pali malangizo ang'onoang'ono otengera.

Kutchera mphamvu ndi dothi

Mbande zimamera m'makola omwe adadzazidwa ndi peat kapena humus ndi 1: 3 turf nthaka.

Kukonzekera ndi kufesa mbewu

Asanadzalemo, mbewu imathandizidwa ndi fungicides motsutsana ndi zowola. Mbewu imayikidwa mpaka pakuya masentimita 1. Mphukira zimawonekera m'masiku 3-7.

Nthawi

Nthawi yakubzala kwa asters kwa gulu lapakati ndi yayitali: kuyambira omaliza a February mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Mitundu yophukira imabzalidwa m'malo obisalamo mu Epulo, wokutidwa ndi chisanu, wokutidwa ndi acrylic.

Momwe mungasamalire mbande

Astra sikufuna chisamaliro, ndibwino kuthiririra m'masabata oyambira kuchokera kutsitsi, kuti madzi asasowe. Kutentha sikuyenera kutsika kuposa + 18 ° C. Kamodzi pamwezi, kuvala zovala zapamwamba ndi urea kumachitika (supuni 1 ya urea pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi).

Tikufika

Mbande zakonzeka kubzala pomwe masamba 5-7 amawonekera. Kutengera ndi dera komanso nyengo, nyengo zimasungidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni.

Mwa njira, mphukira zazing'ono zimachita mantha ndi chisanu champhamvu chobwerera. Mutabzala, mphukirayo imakutidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki oyalidwa.

Njira yobwereza

Kulima kovomerezeka kwa dothi losazizira, kubzala ndi kusamalira monga momwe mmera umafunira.

Kodi asters zimaswana bwanji

Zomera zosatha Astra zomera ndi zitsamba kufalikira zimaloledwa.

Kugawanitsa

Amaloledwa kugawa tchire wazaka ziwiri. Pa wosanjikiza payenera kukhala impso yokhala ndi mizu (imakutidwa ndi dothi losakaniza 3 cm), 3 kapena 5 mphukira.

Kudula

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mitundu yosowa. Zodulidwa mizu mpaka 7 masentimita obzala m'madzi, obzalidwa pansi.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Kutengera luso laulimi, mbewu sizimadwala.

Mavuto a masamba

Fundariosis.

Tizilombo

Nsabwe za m'masamba zimawonongeka ndi tizirombo, nthata za akangaude - ndi ma acaricides a mbewu zobiriwira. Metaldehyde, tsabola wofiira pansi amagwira bwino motsutsana ndi a slugs.

Matenda

Phula limayamba kuzika mizu; dothi limadzaza ndi phulusa, Fitosporin. Kubola kwa brown, dzimbiri ndi tsamba lamtundu kumawonekera kawirikawiri, kumathandizidwa ndi fungicides Khom, Topaz.

Zizindikiro zosamalidwa bwino

Zomera zokonda mopepuka, masamba ake samangidwa bwino pamthunzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, masamba amakula, masamba ndi ochepa. Mukadzala, phosphorous-potaziyamu ndikofunikira.