Kodi grouse wa hazel ndi chiyani? Chomera chovutikachi chodabwitsa kwambiri. Kuti maluwa akhale ngati zokongoletsera zenizeni m'mundamu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo akubzala, chisamaliro, kuthirira, feteleza, kubereka. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya maluwa grouse ndi: achifumu, achi Russia, chess, Persian, Kamchatka. Pazonse, pali mitundu yoposa 100.
Chokwera: ndimtundu wanji wa maluwa ndikuwasamalira
Malongosoledwe athunthu a maluwa, komanso momwe angawasamalire bwino, amaperekedwa pansipa.
Zovala zachifumu
Mtunduwu ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo umafanana ndi korona, wokhala ndi maluwa akulu asanu ndi limodzi okhala ndi korona wamasamba obiriwira. Pansi pa maluwa, madontho akulu a timadzi tating'ono titha kuonedwa. Ziphuphu za mtengo wachikasu. Kujambula maluwa kungakhale kosiyana: zoyera, zofiira, lalanje, ndi zina. Tsinde limafika kutalika pafupifupi 1.5 metres. Mpweya wa hazel wa impel umasangalatsa ndi kukongola kwake, kuyambira nthawi yobzala mpaka maluwa. Pakatikati pa Meyi mutha kuwona masamba oyamba. Kwenikweni, mbewuyo imabzalidwa madera akumwera, koma kumadera a Siberia imatha kumera ndi chisamaliro chabwino.
Bzalani maluwa
Ndikabzala bwino komanso kuwona malo osungira mababu, dimba lokongola la m'munda limakula kumpoto nyengo yachisanu. Zoyenera kuchita ndi grouse yaufumu pambuyo maluwa? - Onani mosamala mababu, kuwachitira ndi njira yapadera. Kwa miyala yamiyala kalasi iyi siyabwino. Chimawoneka bwino pakati pa tchire kapena pagulu wamba motsutsana ndi maziko a udzu wokhala ndi zipatso zamitundu yambiri.
Zachifumu
Grouse Russian
Uwu ndi fritillaria wapakatikati, wokhala ndi matupi apamwamba osapitirira 40. Kukula kwapakati pa chipatso ndi masentimita 3.5x1.8. Masamba amtunduwu ndi akuthwa komanso aatali, mpaka 9cm kutalika ndi 5mm mulifupi. Chiwerengero cha masamba chimasiyana kuchokera pa 11 mpaka 19. Masamba akumpoto okhala ndi lingaliro lopota kuti agwiritsitse mbewu zina. Chifukwa chake, mizere imalandira thandizo lina lowonjezera maluwa ndi zipatso zazikulu. Maluwa ndi mawonekedwe ofiira odera.
Mkati mwake muli utoto wachikaso, ndi mikwaso yobiriwira. Russian grouse limamasula koyambirira kwa Meyi. Chomera chimakhala chosazindikira, chimalekerera nyengo yachisanu ndi chilala. Imakula m'mphepete, m'matanthwe.
Zofunika! Amakonza dothi labwino. Maluwa amapukutidwa ndi mphepo.
Chess (wokongola)
Mwachilengedwe, mtundu uwu wa grleaf grouse umamera kumwera kwa Russia komanso ku Central Europe. Mtengowo ndiwosatha, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 10 cm cm. Hazel grouse walembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira. Pesi la chess kalasi ndiyotsika, yopyapyala, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala. M'munsi mwa tsinde mutha kuwona ma tubercles ang'ono. Masamba ndi akuthwa, aatali, okhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa ndi ofiirira okhala ndi mawanga oyera omwe amakhala osasunthika.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wake, chikhalidwe chalandira dzina lotere. Maluwa amasiyana kwambiri ndi udzu wobiriwira. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera masiku omaliza a Epulo. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ofunikira awa, pali mitundu ina ingapo, yomwe ili yoyera, yomwe ilibe maluwa okhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Kuchulukitsa ndikubala komanso zochulukitsa (ndi mbewu). Chikhalidwe sichimawombera mphepo, pogona pofunika.
Chess
Grouse Mikhailovsky
Bzalani ndi kutalika kosaposa masentimita 20. Mtundu wooneka ngati belu, mtundu wa burgundy, wokhala ndi mbali zowala zachikaso. Umayamba kutulutsa maluwa pambuyo pa Meyi 15 ndipo limamasula kwa masiku 12-15. M'nyengo yozizira, imatha kukhala yozizira popanda nyumba zowonjezera, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina. Sizoyera, zimatha kumera zonse mu mthunzi komanso malo dzuwa. Grouse Mikhailovsky pakufa kwa mlengalenga ayenera kukumbidwa. Izi zimachitika kuti mababu asavunde. Mwachilengedwe, hazel grouse amakulira ku Turkey. M'minda ya ku Russia, mitundu iwiri ya hazel grouse imabzalidwa - wamtali (mbewu izi siziphatikiza maluwa 2), undersized (maluwa ambiri). Mikhailovsky imafalikira bwino ndi masamba ndi mbewu.
Mikhailovsky
Mkazi wa ku Persia
Chomera chikuyimira gulu la Theresia. Palibe kutalika kwa masentimita 100. inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi masamba ofanana ndi ofukula motsatana. Bluebell, masamba okhala ndi tint wabuluu. Mitundu yamakono imatha kukhala ndi maluwa 50. Malo otchedwa hazel grouse ndi akulu, ndipo ali ndi mainchesi mpaka 12 12. Grouse ya ku Persia ndi chomera chakumwera, koma chikaphimbidwa nthawi yozizira, chimatha kupirira chisanu mosavuta. Maluwa osadziwika amadziwika. Ngati hazel grouse ili ndi masamba achikasu, ndikofunikira kukumba ndikuwotha. Mutha kuchita izi musanafike. Adabzala kum'mwera kwa dimba, panja. Dothi liyenera kuthiridwa ndi mchenga ndi miyala.
Zofunika! Chilichonse pang'onopang'ono, duwa limasowa bwino komanso kusamalidwa bwino.
Grouse Edward
Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi Asia. Ichi ndi chomera champhamvu chopanda zipatso chotalika osaposa mita 1. Maluwa ndi akulu, mwanjira ya mabelu. Limamasula mu Meyi. Chipatso cha Hazel ndi hexagon. Mbewu ndi lathyathyathya, zazikulu, zofiirira. Grouse Edward amakonda malo otentha, omwe ali ndi mthunzi wocheperako. Adabzala m'nthaka yonyowa komanso yonyowa. M'nyengo yozizira amaphimba ndi humus, nthambi za spruce. Zosiyanasiyana sizofalikira ndipo zalembedwa mu Red Book.
Kamchatka hazel grouse
Ichi ndi chomera chochulukirapo chomwe chili ndi maluwa achilendo amkuwa ndi amtundu wofiirira. Nthawi yamaluwa - yomaliza la Meyi. Pakati pa Juni, maluwa ambiri amayamba. Kamchatka osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri amabala zipatso. Zipatso zimakhazikitsidwa ngati bokosi lopanga mazira lomwe limakhala ndi mbali zomata. Mapeto a msimu wokulira ugwera kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Mababu amasinthidwa pachaka. Nthawi yamaluwa, masamba atsopano amayikidwa mu bud yomwe ili kumtunda.
Maluwa mu mphukira amayamba kupezeka mu Ogasiti ndikutha kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Duwa limakhala lodabwitsa m'mitundu koma limakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Zosiyanasiyana zimasanjidwa ndi ntchentche, potero zimakopa chidwi cha tizilombo tina. Amakonzekera kukula m'malo momera panthaka za peaty. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchotsedwa kwa tsinde ndi masamba kumakhudza kamangidwe ka babu.
Kamchatsky
Zithunzi mu kapangidwe kake komanso zibwenzi zabwino kwambiri pamaluwa
Grouse imawoneka bwino m'magulu komanso pamtunda umodzi. Ndi abwino kumapiri a mapiri. Grouse ndi mfumu ya munda, ngakhale itamasula osaposa mwezi umodzi. Amawoneka bwino ngati ma accents amtundu m'mabedi ang'onoang'ono a maluwa, pamwamba pa zoyang'ana ngodya, m'mphepete mwa khoma ndi khoma. Persian hazel grouse imayenda bwino ndi tulips ndi Corydalis pagulu. Chess kalasi yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi phlox ndi primrose. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya hazel grouse, mutha kupanga nyimbo zopanga zenizeni. Grouse amadziwika kuti ndi abale a maluwa, tulips, daffodils.
Kapangidwe
Kodi hazel grouse amathandiza timadontho-thunzi m'mundamo
Ambiri wamaluwa ali ndi nkhawa ndi bulu wamundawo m'mundamo. Nthawi zambiri timadontho tambiri timakonda dothi lotayirira. Pali zida zambiri zomwe zimathetsa vutoli. Mutha kuthana ndi nyama mwanjira iyi - kukulitsa hazel grouse m'munda. Timadontho timalolera fungo la Emperor grouse. Kuti muwope ma moles, muyenera kukula chomera kuzungulira mbali yonse ya tsambalo. Galeta la hazel limakhala ndi fungo linalake la mababu, omwe ma mole samakonda. Zimatenga milungu ingapo, kapena ngakhale miyezi, kuti tichotsere nyama zazing'onozi. Ngakhale za kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu poopseza timadontho, malingaliro ndi osiyanasiyana.
Njira zobereketsa hazel grouse
Maluwa a grouse amapangidwira makamaka pogawa mababu, chifukwa ndi njira yambewu, maluwa oyamba amapezeka pambuyo pa zaka 6-7. Mbewuzo zimasonkhanitsidwa mabokosi atakhala kuti auma kaye ndikufesa m'nthaka. Mtunda pakati pa njere ndiosachepera 10c. Pakugawa babu, amadulidwapo mbali ziwiri. Ma halva amaviika mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kenako nkuuma. Mababu ayenera kuwazidwa ndi phulusa. Ndi kubereka, maluwa oyamba adzachitika chaka chamawa.
Zofunika! Babu wamkulu amatha kupanga khanda. Bulb yokulirapo imasankhidwa ndipo chida chosawilitsidwa chimakola, ndi mainchesi osapitirira 20 mm.
Chilondacho chimayenera kuuma bwino. Kenako babuwo amaikidwa mumchenga wowuma ndi wopanda chofewa. Bokosi lamchenga limatsukidwa m'malo owuma. Mizu imangowonekera kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Amathandizidwa ndi fungicide. Muyenera kupeza babu mosamala, apo ayi muwononge ana aang'ono.
Momwe mungabzalire ndikukula maluwa a hazel grouse
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, grouse imabzalidwa. Ngati mbewu yabzalidwe tsiku lotsiriza, ndiye kuti imwalira. Njira yofunikira kubzala ndi malo oyatsidwa, dothi lamphamvu. Pambuyo pofika mu dzenje mosalephera, onjezani peat kapena humus. Pofuna kuti lisawononge babu, pansi pa dzenje limakutidwa ndi mchenga wamtsinje. Mababu obzalidwa pansi kuti azitha kuwola. Ndikofunikira kuwona mtunda pakati pa mabowo, uyenera kukhala wosachepera 25 cm. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuziphimba. Monga pogona pakhoza kukhala udzu, nthambi za spruce. Mu Marichi, malo ogona amachotsedwa.
Kubzala grouse
Mumasule dothi mosamala, popeza mizu ya hazel grouse ili pafupi. Zakudya za mbewu ndizothandiza, mwachitsanzo, feteleza wa mchere. Mbewuyi imathiriridwa kangapo pamwezi kuti nthaka isathe. Nthawi iliyonse mukathirira, udzu umayenera kuchotsedwa. Asanakhale maluwa, grouse amadyetsa feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Chovala chapamwamba choyamba chimachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Kusakaniza kopatsa thanzi kwa humus, nitrofoska ndi Agricola kumagwiritsidwa ntchito (sakanizani malinga ndi malangizo, osapitirira kusasinthika). Mavalidwe apamwamba achapamwamba sangathe kuchitika, popeza duwa limatha kutentha pamasamba. Kusamalira grouse itatha maluwa ndikofunikira, iyi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika pakukula kwa mbewu.
Maluwa sapezeka pa zochitika zotsatirazi: nyengo yachisanu yonyowa komanso yozizira; anyezi yaying'ono; kukula patsamba lomweli; maliro osayenera a mababu nthawi yobzala; nthaka yolakwika; chisanu komanso chisanu; kuchedwa kwa mazira.
Zofunika! Kuthamanga kwamadzi pansi kapena kusunthika kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kumavulaza babu.
Momwe mungasamalire grouse mutatha maluwa
Chomera chimafuna chisamaliro osati nthawi yobzala, komanso pambuyo. Chomera chikazirala ndikutaya kukongoletsa, masamba amayamba kusanduka chikaso ndikufa, ndiye kuti muyenera kukumba mabulowo. Amasenda, osambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Kenako babu limasungidwa munjira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Madontho a zowola ndi zowonongeka zina zimachotsedwa. Malowo odulidwa amathandizidwa ndi fungicide.
Gawo lotsatira limakonkhedwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Mababu amayikidwa m'malo owuma, opuma, kuti mabala a bulb awume. Pofuna kuteteza mababu, amafunika kuyang'aniridwa ndikuchotsedwa osayenera kubzala. Malo osungirako pang'ono panthaka - osachepera miyezi iwiri. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chaka chamawa masika, grouse imapereka maluwa ambiri. Kudulira kumachitidwanso maluwa. Zouma zowuma ndi tsinde zimachotsedwa.
Hazel grouse - matenda ndi tizirombo
Hazel grouse ndi maluwa osagwira matenda. Pofuna kupewa matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo mu chomera, chimasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kumasamba osiyanasiyana. Kuika zinthu kumasintha bwino chikhalidwe. Mbali ya babu ikawonongeka ndi zowola, imatha kupulumutsidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, malo omwe akhudzidwawo ndi omwe adawonetsedwa, ndipo tsamba loyambitsalo limathandizidwa ndi fung fung. Zozungulira zimawoneka pamene nthaka yanyowa kwambiri kapena mbewuyo ikadzala ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Ndi mvula yamvula yambiri, kuwola kwa mphukira ndi masamba kumachitika. Ngati babuyo imasungidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri kuposa madigiri 35, inflorescence imatha kuwirikiza kawiri.
Kwa hazel grouse, kachilomboka kakang'ono ndi kowopsa. Kwa masiku 20 amatafuna masamba, kenako amawuma. Monga muyezo wowongolera, amakumba pansi, kutola kachilomboka, kusanja mbewuyo mwanjira zapadera (Regent, Aktara, Antizhuk).
Mawaya amachititsa kuzungulira kwa babu, pomwe amadya mkati mwake, ndikupita. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi waya sizitulutsa maluwa. Kupewa: Kukumba ndi kumasula dothi, ndikuyambitsa kukonzekera kwapadera (Provotox) mu dzenje lobzala, kuphukira ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
Zofunika! Popewa kuwonongeka kwa fungal mababu, kubzala zinthu zimasanjidwa mosamala.
Popewa zovuta pakumera kwa mbewu, munthu asaiwale malamulo a kasinthidwe kazomera. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala maluwa m'malo omwe mitundu ina ya hazel grouse yatakula kale. Pogula anyezi, muyenera kuwasanthula mosamala - sayenera kukhala ndi masikelo a bulauni, owuma.
Tizilombo
Zomwe hazel grouse: zosowa, zamtchire, zamtundu wina, amafunika kuchita payekha. Pogula chomera, muyenera kufunsa ndi wotsatsa zonsezo. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti grouse si wokonda chisamaliro chambiri komanso mosalekeza. Grouse ndi mbewu yosiyana kwambiri ndipo imawoneka yabwino kuchokera kwa mnzake. Chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri, mutha kukongoletsa mwapadera dimba lanu.
