Lavender-levender (Lavandula angustifolia)

Chomera chosatha-lavender - chimodzi mwazomera zakale. Roman Aesculapius adagwiritsa ntchito udzu pochita zamankhwala, opanga mafuta onunkhiritsa amatenga mafuta kuchokera pamenepo. Zomera sizitaya phindu m'masiku athu ano.

Mbiri pang'ono

Ku Egypt kale, lavenda amatchedwa mphatso ya Mulungu, amangopereka zochiritsa, komanso zodabwitsa. Ngati mukukhulupirira miyambo, chifukwa cha zofukiza, Cleopatra adanyengerera amuna. Lavender adachiritsa mabala ndi matenda amisala. Malo okakamira anagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza - mabowo awo amapezeka m'manda a Tutankhamun.

Lavender adabwera ku Russia koyambilira kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, monga chomera chatsopano cha Nikitsky Botanical Garden. Masiku ano, chikhalidwe chimakula pamaluso a mafakitale a Crimea.

Kodi Lavender wopondaponda-amawoneka bwanji?

Anthu ena amadziwa za duwa kuchokera mu nyimbo ya Sofia Rotaru, enanso ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino. Wina anapeza chomera kuthengo, osadziwa dzina lake.

Oimira a Labret (Iasnatkovye) botanists amatchedwa Lavandula angustifolia. Anthu amatcha spikelet lavenda, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake.

Kufotokozera kwa Lavender

Feature	Mawonekedwe
Rhizome	Wamtundu, wamphamvu, wokhala ndi dongosolo loyambira lazinthu zopezeka kumtunda
Masamba	Otsutsa-amangokhala, ozungulira-mzere, wokhala ndi zigawo zopindika. Mapulesi obiriwira otuwa bwino amakula mpaka 6 cm
Maluwa	Spike inflorescence pamutu pa zimayambira
Chipatso	Quadriceps, wophatikizidwa ndi kapu ya maluwa

Lavender amadziwika ndi fungo lokhazikika losangalatsa. Poterepa, mbali zonse za chomera ndizonunkhira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu

Malo okhala lavenda angustifolia ndiwo Mediterranean. Chomera chimakonda kukhazikika kumapiri, pagulu la edelweiss. Mwachitsanzo, ku French Alps mutha kupeza ma tchire okwera kwambiri kuposa mamita 1.5.

Izi zikuwonetsa kukana chisanu kwa perennials. Mwa mitundu 25 ya ku Russia, inali Angustifolia lavender yomwe imatha kulekerera kuzizira pa 30 ° C. Chifukwa chake, zikhalidwe zimatha kupezeka m'malo azotentha komanso zigawo zakumpoto za dzikolo.

Ku Europe, lavenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamafuta onunkhira komanso zodzola. Osasiyira kumbuyo komwe amapanga zofukiza ku East.

Pazifukwa zochizira, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a lavender inflorescence. Kuphatikiza pa mafuta ofunikira, mawonekedwewo ali ndi flavonoids, phytosterol, coumarins, ma resins, tannins ndi zina zofunikira.

Mankhwala, mankhwala ochokera lavenda amalembedwa:

• mankhwalawa neuralgia, monga sedative;
• kunja ndi mkati - ndi ziwalo;
• mankhwalawa kuvulala koopsa (ma dislocations, mikwingwirima).

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri

Angustifolia ndi dzina lodziwika la mitundu ya Chingerezi ya lavender yopendekera. Otsala adatha kupanga mitundu yambiri yosangalatsa yofananira ndi nyengo yaku Russia.

Zosiyanasiyana za Lavandula angustifolia

Dzinalo	Kufotokozera
Lavender Highcot	Gulu lodziwika bwino lazomera lomwe limapezeka mu mixborder, hedges. Mulinso mitundu ingapo yomwe imasiyana mitundu. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chitsamba chofiirira chamtambo wa lavender Hidcote Blue. Lalavender-levender wa Pink Hydcot amawonekera kwambiri ndi pinki inflorescence.
Lavender Manstead	Tchire laling'ono silimatalika masentimita 35. Chifukwa chake, lavenda ya Munstead imabzalidwa m'malire a njira zaminda, malire, osungidwa ndi mabedi amaluwa. Mitundu iyi imadziwika ndi kukana mphepo zamphamvu.
Rosea	Kutalika kwa tchire kuli mkati mwa theka la mita. Lavender wa Rosea amadziwika ndi mthunzi wa mafupa am'miyeso mogwirizana ndi masamba obiriwira.
Chovala chabuluu	Woimira wowoneka bwino wa mitundu yake yokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira amtengo wapatali. Dwarf Blue imadziwika ndi kupirira kwambiri chilala.
Nana alba	Chizindikiro ku tchire, osati kutalika kwa 30 cm, ndi inflorescence yoyera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yokongola kwambiri kumapiri a mapiri.
Vera	Makampani akubereke achi Dutch adatha kutulutsa chitsamba chachikulu kwambiri cha lavenda - 1 mita. Pak maluwa, amakutidwa ndi "chipewa" chamtambo.

Pakati pa spikelet holly lavenders osankhidwa ndi Russian, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu Bordyurnaya, Voznesenskaya 34, Record, Stepnaya. Ma bus siili njira yokhayo yopezera minda. Zosiyanasiyana ndizothandiza pamakampani ogulitsa chifukwa chokhalira ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira.

Momwe zimaswana

Chikhalidwechi chimadziwikanso pakati pa anthu okhala nthawi yachilimwe chifukwa ndikosavuta kubereka pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zodziwika bwino zoberekera.

Mbewu

Njirayi ndi yayitali kwambiri, koma kubzala sikufunikira kupatuka ndikuwapatsa mphukira zosangalatsa. Lavender amafesedwa kuyambira masiku oyambirira a masika, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomera. Chotetezachi chimadzaza ndi peat kapena mchenga, pamwamba pomwe mbewu za lavenda zazing'ono zimayikidwa.

Dothi limanyowa, chidebechi chimakutidwa ndi polyethylene ndikupititsidwa kuchipinda chazizira kapena kusungidwa mufiriji. Mbewu zikaoneka, kumera kwina kumachitika mu kutentha kwa firiji.

Kuyala tsinde

Ngakhale nthambi zowongoka, zimapinda bwino. Atatulutsa mphukira zolimba kwambiri, adakutidwa kuthengo, ngati ma ray, atagona mabowo. Nthambi zimapanikizidwa ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi. Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira kuti mizu yake izikhala yofulumira. Dulani kuchokera ku chitsamba cham'mawa chakumapeto kwa chaka chamawa.

Kudula

Njira yomwe amakonda kwambiri kukulitsa lavenda imakopa alimi ndi kuphweka kwake. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu June-Julayi, kuchita motere:

• mphukira zamakono zadulidwa pachitsamba chachikulire;
• tengani pakati pakati pawo ndikugawaudula muzidutswa za 12-15 cm;
• zidutswa za mphukira zomaliza zimabisidwa pansi m'nthaka;
• madzi ndi okutidwa.

Nthawi ndi nthawi filimuyo imachotsedwa kuti mpweya wabwino ndi kuthirira ndi odulidwa. Pakupita mwezi, mbande izikhala ndi mizu yolimba, chitsamba chatsopano chitha kusunthidwa kumalo osatha pofika Seputembala.

Zolemba zam'munda

Palibe chachilendo pankhani yodzala ndi kusamalira lavender a Angustifolia. Kusunga kwa malamulo aukadaulo a zaulimi kumadalira momwe chitsamba chingadzere ndi kudziunjikira zonunkhira.

Kuthirira

Lavender amatha kupirira chilala, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti mmera sufunikira kuthirira. Ngati pansi pa chitsamba chachikulire ndikokwanira kuwonjezera madzi nthaka ikauma pang'ono, ndiye kuti mbewu zazing'onoting'ono zimafunikira kuthirira masiku onse 7 mpaka 7.

Kuwaza

Mu nyengo yotentha, tchire limatha kusowa muzu wothirira. Masamba a lavenda amafunikanso hydration. Chifukwa chake, nkoyenera kukhazikitsa dongosolo lothirira madzi ndi zotumphukira m'munda.

Chinyezi

Madzi ndi gawo lofunikira pakukweza chikhalidwe. Chinyezi chachikulu chimavulaza mbewu. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kusankha pansi pa mabedi a maluwa akuthengo komwe chinyontho chimayenda. Madera omwe ali ndi malo ambiri am'madzi a pansi sangakhale oyenera.

Dothi

Mukakhala chonde kwambiri, ndiye kuti chitsamba kamakula. Lavender samamera pama dothi acidic ndi dongo. Kwabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi kwadzaoneni. Chifukwa chake, pa bedi la maluwa, ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale osakanizika ndi dothi la pepala, humus, mchenga, wothandizidwa ndi mchere wamadzi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuti chitsamba chizitha kupeza zipatso zobiriwira kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, chimadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Panthawi ya maluwa, amasintha kupita ku potaziyamu-phosphorous.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Maluwa a lavenda sakhala mawonekedwe, ophatikizidwa ndi ma whorls abodza ndipo amapanga ma inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a spikelets pamwamba pa zimayambira. Maluwa a Corollas ali ndi utoto m'mitundu yonse yamtambo. Amakhala pubescent ndipo amafika mainchesi 1 cm.

Maluwa amayamba mu theka lachiwiri la Juni ndipo amatenga mwezi umodzi (mwa mitundu ina komanso motalika). Pakadali pano, mundawu umadzazidwa ndi fungo labwino lomwe limatalikirana kwambiri.

Ikani pambuyo pogula komanso pakubala

Mbande za lavenda nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa m'miphika yamaluwa. Ngati chomera chija chidagulidwa mchaka, chimatha kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuyiyika panja, ndikugulitsa ndi dothi.

Amasinthanso akagawana chitsamba chakale. Kulera-kukalamba kumapereka mphamvu kwa Delenki kuphukira kwatsopano komanso maluwa ambiri.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Zovuta posamalira chikhalidwe chamaluwa aluso sizimabuka. Kuyambira chilimwe okhalamo amafunika kuganizira za momwe akukulira. Kupanda kutero, mudzakumana ndi mavuto angapo.

Matenda mukamakula lavenda

Vutoli	Mawonekedwe
Amafota masamba	Nthawi zina izi ndi chizindikiro chosowa chinyezi kapena zakudya. Ngati zokutira zofiirira kapena zoyera zitha, titha kulankhula za Fusarium wilting.
Mawonekedwe achikasu pa mphukira	Popita nthawi, mapangidwe ake amatenga imvi, mapesi amasandulika akuda, omwe amawonetsa fomosis.
Kuukira kwa brown komanso imvi pama inflorescences	Mafangayi obola imvi amawoneka ozizira, chilimwe chonyentchera chifukwa cha kugwa kwamphamvu kutentha.

Zonunkhira za lavenda zimakopa tizirombo: nthata za akangaude, pennies, kachilomboka. Amalimbana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira mwanjira yowonongera.

Kusamalira bwino lavenda kumadzetsa matenda a tchire. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ulimi wothirira, kuchotsa udzu nthawi, kumasula ndi mulch nthaka, kuchita kudulira mwaukhondo ndikukhazikikanso.