Pamodzi ndi nyengo ya maluwa, chinthu chofunikira ndi chisamaliro chotsatira cha mbewu. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuti musangopereka nyengo zabwino, komanso kusankha zomwe mungachite ndi mivi ndi zimayambira. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa ma orchid, omwe amatchedwa amodzi mwa maluwa onunkhira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungayang'anire maluwa atamasuka.
Nthawi ya maluwa a Orchid
Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala mwachindunji pamitundu iliyonse. Kupanga zinthu zabwino kumathandizira kuti maluwa amakula komanso kuphuka kwakanthawi. Zoyenera kuchita ndi maluwa atamasula kunyumba?
Maluwa a Orchid
Olima maluwa odziwa amadziwa kuti maluwa obwerezabwereza amatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati zinthu zingapo zakwaniritsidwa. Yoyamba (komanso yofunika kwambiri) - mwendo uyenera kukhala wathanzi. Zaka zakubzala ndizofunikanso. Kutulutsa maluwa koyambirira kumatha kuwononga mbewu zomwe zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti duwa lisakhalenso bwino. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa wamkulu ndi chomera chaching'ono: orchid wamkulu ayenera kukhala ndi nthambi zosachepera zisanu, 7-8 chifukwa zimawerengedwa ngati chizizindikiro chodziwika bwino.
Chidziwitso chofunikira! Zimatenga nthawi yochepa kukonza ma orchid omwe amangokula mokhazikika kuposa ma orchid omwe akukula ndikupanga tchire.
China chomwe chimatsimikizira kutulutsa mobwerezabwereza ndikupezeka kwounikira pafupipafupi. Kuchepetsa kuthirira ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa masiku angapo kungalimbikitse mawonekedwe a maluwa atsopano. Masamba akakula, kuthirira koyenera ndikofunikira. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi yotentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu zina za nayitrogeni zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mbewu.
Zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi peduncle
Osadula muvi momwe maluwa adaliri. Popita nthawi, mphukira zatsopano zimatha kukhazikika pa peduncle, ndipo maluwa ang'onoang'ono amawoneka kuchokera ku tsinde. Ngati ndi kotheka, peduncle imafupikitsidwa kutalika kwa 1 masentimita pamwamba pa mluza womaliza. Izi zimatsogolera pakupangidwe kwa mivi yatsopano. Maluwa pambali yanthambi nthawi zambiri samatchulidwa poyerekeza ndi nthambi yokhayo.
Kudulira
Pali njira zitatu zochizira maluwa:
- Kudulira. Green phalaenopsis inflorescence amapanga maluwa atsopano. Kuleza mtima ndikofunikira pakadali pano, chifukwa amatha kupanga mkati mwa miyezi 1-3 maluwa atagwa. Olima ena amakonda kudula mivi yoyenda. Chapakatikati, mivi yosiyanasiyana yodulira imachitika. Kuti muchite izi, mbewuyi imapangidwa masentimita 2-2,5 pamwamba pa tulo. Phalaenopsis ali ndi nyengo yabwino kwambiri yoswana - chilimwe.
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa mivi yakuda yakuda. Chitani izi pokhapokha ngati maluwa atakhala oma kale. Kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimayang'ana mu inflorescence, michere yomwe imapangika nthawi yamaluwa ikulowa mchomera. Zofunikira pakuchira kwina ndikukula. Maluwa owuma amakonzedwa motalika pafupifupi 2 cm kuchokera pansi. M'miyezi yochepa, pazoyenera kwambiri, ma orchid amapanga inflorescence zatsopano. Masamba ogona amatha kupanga mphukira zatsopano.
- Kudulira koyambirira kwa orchid kumachedwetsa nthawi yobwezeretsa komanso phalaenopsis pachaka pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati kuyanika sikutalikiranso pamtengowo, ndikofunikira kudula muvi ndi maluwa pazinthu zamoyo. Kugona masamba kumatha kuphuka. Kudulira mivi yamaluwa pamwamba pa masamba kutalika kwa 1.5-2 masentimita kumakupatsani mwayi wofalitsa phalaenopsis.
Zambiri! Palibe chifukwa chodulira masamba obiriwira atango maluwa.
Orchid Arrow: Chepetsa kapena ayi
Pambuyo maluwa, maluwa a maluwa amaloledwa kudula peduncle. Mkhalidwewo ndizovomerezeka kwa mitundu ya Cumbria, Cymbidium ndi Oncidium orchid. Impso zochulukirapo sizitsimikizira kuti zotsatira zake zikhala zabwino. Orchid adamasuka chochita ndi muvi? Mu miltonia, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa ma pedicels "pasadakhale" kumayambiriro kufota kwawo. Palibenso chifukwa chodikirira mpaka maluwa atagweratu.
Kusiyana pakati pang'ono kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu
Kudulira chomera chakunyumba kumangofunikira kokha ngati muvi suuma. Ngati pakadali ndi maluwa pang'onopang'ono omwe sanaphuke, ndibwino kuti musawakhudze ndikudikirira kuwonekera kwa maluwa atsopano. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mbewu imapeza michere mu pseudobulbs. Mwambiri, zomerazi zomwe zimazimiririka zimawoneka bwino.
Kuchotsa pedicel ndikosavuta. Maluwa atatha, amalisoka ndi mpeni, lumo kapena lubani. Zida ziyenera kupulumutsidwa kaye. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya masamba pafupifupi 1 cm ndikusintha magawo ndi makala odulidwa kapena njira zina. Orchid adamasula chochita kenako? Akatswiri ena amapereka "kusindikiza" madera omwe ali ndi njuchi zachilengedwe.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Ma orchid ambiri amakhala ndi timabowo tambiri. Mukathirira mutachotsa ma pedicel, ndikofunika kusamala, chifukwa madzi akamalowa mkati mwa tsinde, amatha kutha ndikuwonongeka kwa ma orchid opota.
Ngati mivi yomwe ili pachidutsacho chili ndi masamba, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zodzala, zomwe zimafalikira kudula.
Zokolola pang'ono
Kusintha kwakanthawi kwa muvi ndi imodzi mwazotheka kuthana. Njira ndioyenera kwambiri phalaenopsis. Kuwerenga timitengo tiwonetsa kukhalapo kwa "masamba ogona" mu mbewu, pomwe "makanda" ndi inflationcence zam'mbuyo zimawonekera. Pakutero, alimi a maluwa odziwa bwino amadula tsinde litakhala louma, koma osati kwathunthu, koma patali pang'ono kuchokera pa masamba. Zotsatira za maluwa ndi masamba atsopano ndi mizu ya mlengalenga.
Mdulidwe pang'ono
Zosangalatsa! Microclimate youma komanso yozizira imakulitsa mwayi wopanga ma boom, pomwe chonyowa komanso chofunda chomwe chimathandizira kubereka.
Ngati phalaenopsis orchid itawuma, tsinde lake limayamba kusanduka chikaso. Pankhaniyi, imachotsedwa kupita kumamphukira otsika kwambiri.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi tsinde
Kuti mumvetsetse chochita ndi orchid mutatha maluwa kunyumba, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe mungachitire ndi tsinde. Pali makina azithunzithunzi:
- Chepetsa pepalalo pakati mpaka pansi.
- Chotsani bwino mbali ziwiri zonsezo papulumo ndi manja anu.
- Osathirira orchid kwa masiku angapo. Chilondacho chiyenera kukhala chouma pofuna kupewa kuti maluwa awonongeke.
Masamba owuma ndi achikasu nawonso amachotsedwa. Ngati zili zobiriwira, koma zouma, nkofunika kudikirira, mwina kutanuka kudzabweza kwa iwo. Ngati adayamba kutembenukira chikasu, ndikofunikira kudikirira mpaka ziume kwathunthu, kenako ndikudula. Pansi pa masamba akutali mungathe kupeza chilichonse: kuchokera ku mizu yaying'ono yaying'ono mpaka mivi yatsopano yomwe inayamba kupanga. Zomwe zimayambira algorithm zimasankhidwa ndi wopatsa mphamvu poyerekeza ndi zakomweko.
Momwe mungayikitsire maluwa ndi maluwa atamasulidwa?
Eni ake a Orchid amayesetsa kuti asatenge nawo gawo poika zina. Izi zimachitika kawiri zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti njirayi imayendetsedwa ndi kupanikizika kwa mbewuyo: khola la maluwa limalepheretsa kukula kwa ma rhizomes. Tsiku la kufalikira limatengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa. Wochulukitsa chimachitika mchaka chokha.
Kupatsirana kwa Orchid
Mphukira zatsopano zikaoneka, "slipper", oncidiums ndi ng'ombe zimasunthira mumphika wosiyana (musadikire mpaka ayambe kuzika mizu). Chizindikiro cha kufalikira kwa phalaenopsis ndi nsonga yatsopano pafupi ndi muzu. Ngati maluwa amawola, duwa lifunika kupulumutsidwa. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kumuyika mwadzidzidzi zitha kukhala:
- kuvunda kwa mizu;
- kuwoneka kwa tizirombo;
- magawo onyansa (nthaka);
- ma rhizomes sakukhala mumphika.
Muyenera kudziwa! Madzi olimba (okhala ndi chitsulo chochuluka ndi zodetsa zina zambiri) amafulumizitsa kukonzanso kwa nthaka ndikuwonongeka kwa nthaka, zomwe zimakhudza molakwika momwe maluwa amayamba kuzimiririka.
Matalala pambuyo maluwa
Orchid akupumula nyengo yachisanu. Kusamalira mbewu nthawi imeneyi kumakhala ndi chikhalidwe chake. Vuto la kuthirira limathetsedwa mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa njira. Pansi pazikhala pouma. Nthawi yopumula yokhazikika pakati pa ulimi wothirira siwapitilira sabata limodzi ndi theka. Madzi amachotsedwa. Kwa orchids kumbali yozizira, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kutentha pang'ono pamizu, chifukwa chake chida chamadzimadzi chiyenera kukhala chambiri.
Maluwa ayenera kukhala owuma pokhapokha ngati pali chiopsezo cha mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Kuti mutenthe mafuta, mutha kuyika pepala lanyumba pansi pa mphika wamaluwa, kapena ikani chomera mumtsuko wokhala ndi malo akulu kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo matenda ndi tizirombo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothanirana ndi izo. Chitetezo chochita chofunikanso.
Zinthu zosamalira pakupuma
Mitundu yambiri ya hybrid yamkati samapopera nthawi yozizira. Chinyezi chosasunthika chingayambitse kuwonongeka. Kumbali inayo, mpweya wouma kwambiri (mpaka 40% chinyezi) umapangitsa zinthu kuti zizioneka ngati tizirombo. Popewa tsokali, wozizira ayenera kuyatsidwa pafupipafupi. M'tsogolomu, izi zithandiza kumvetsetsa momwe mungasamalire maluwa oruva atamasulidwa.
Kutentha kuyambira +15 ℃ madzulo mpaka +23 ℃ masana kumawoneka bwino. Kusiyana kwa 5-6 ℃ kumakhudzanso maluwa. Ulamuliro wa kutentha umayendetsedwa ndikutsegula zenera usiku.
Kuwongolera ndikothandiza kwambiri, koma simungathe kusiya maluwa pa kusala (chiopsezo cha hypothermia). Maluwa amakondanso kuwala. Kutalika kwa zida zowunikira (nthawi zambiri fluorescent) ndi 20 cm pamwamba pa duwa. Pamwambapa masentimita 30 osavomerezeka. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti musayike malo osakira kwambiri (60 W ndikwanira).
Zambiri! Pakapepuka, masamba amatambalala ndikusintha mtundu.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuthira feteleza ndi feteleza sikuchitika mopitilira kamodzi pamwezi kapena mochepera. Kutentha kotsika, maluwa "amafunikira" michere kukulira ndi kuphatikiza nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisaphukire.
Kusamalira ma orchid nthawi yokhala mkati mwa maluwa ndikatha maluwa kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Kudziwa malamulo a kukula kwa mitundu payekhapayekha, ngakhale wamalonda wopanda nzeru angathane nawo bwino ntchitoyi.
