Momwe mungathanirane ndi gooseberries kumapeto kwa chilimwe, chilimwe ndi zipatso

Jamu ndi zipatso zabwino zakale zamabulosi zilizonse pafupifupi m'munda uliwonse. Ngakhale pali malingaliro ambiri pa kubweza kwa chitsamba ichi, gooseberries kuposa zipatso zina zamabulosi, akudwala matenda ndi tizilombo. Pokhapokha popewa matenda nthawi zonse pakulima pomwe mbewuyo ingasangalatse mbewu yokhazikika. Poyamba zizindikiro za matenda kapena kuukira kwa tizilombo, mbewuyo imafunikira njira zowonjezera zowongolera.

Matenda ndi tizirombo owopsa ku jamu

Gooseberries atengeka ndi matenda otsatirawa:

• ufa wowonda;
• nkhanambo;
• jamu anthracnose;
• kuwona kapena septoria;
• dzimbiri loyenda;
• imvi zowola;
• verticillus ikufuna;
• zithunzi za jamu;
• lichen.

Utsi wa jamu

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a jamu:

• sawfly (sawfly);
• njenjete zam'madzi;
• chishango chaching'ono;
• kuwombera aphid;
• njenjete zam'madzi;
• kangaude;
• impso currant Mafunso;
• galasi lopindika;
• curall ndulu midge.

Zomwe zimawopseza chomera ngati sichichiritsidwa

Kuteteza munthawi yake komanso moyenera matendawa ku tizirombo ndi matenda amakupatsani mwayi wokolola. Kupanda kutero, zokolola zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zomera zonsezo zitha kufa, ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu, ngakhale mbewu yonse. Mwa matendawa, ufa wa powdery ndiwowopsa kwambiri, komanso wa tizirombo - njenjete ndi sawoneka.

Chithandizo cha jamu

Njira zochizira matenda ndi tizirombo ziyenera kuyamba kumayambiriro kwa masika. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa matendawa ndi osavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza pambuyo pake. Nyengo, chithandizo cha tchire mabulosi amachitika mogwirizana ndi gawo la masamba:

• Pamaso pa impso;
• munthawi ya kutupa kwa impso;
• pa maluwa (asanafike maluwa);
• pambuyo maluwa.

Mitundu ya chithandizo chomera, mafotokozedwe awo ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Pali njira zambiri zothanirana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Mlimi aliyense asankhe momwe angachiritsire tchire la zipatso zam'madzi mu kasupe kuchokera kuzomera ndi matenda.

Kutsanulira madzi otentha

Kuthirira tchire la zipatso zotentha kumayambiriro kasupe musanadzuke ndi kutupa kwa impso ndi njira yovomerezeka. Iyi ndi njira yabwino komanso yosavuta yothanirana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, zomwe sizifunikira ndalama zambiri.

Mabasi amangomizidwa ndi madzi otentha kuchokera m'chitsime chothirira ndi chowaza chosakanizira kapena kuchokera pomwe siponji yodzaza ndi dzanja kamodzi. Ndikosatheka kuyala malo a chitsamba kuchokera mumtsuko, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Nthaka yomwe ili pansi komanso kuthengo kutchire imapangidwanso kuti iwononge tizirombo tonse, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri ndi tinthu tambiri tomwe timasenda masamba adagwa komanso kumtunda kwa dothi. Madzi otentha kwambiri pakukonzanso sayenera kugwera pakhosi ndi mizu yomwe ili pamunsi. Izi zimatha kudzetsa mbewu.

Kutsanulira madzi otentha pa gooseberries kumayambiriro kwamasika

Kufufuza tchire mwa njira imeneyi kumawononga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi tizirombo koyambirira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokulira, kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda ndi kuwukira kwa tizirombo nyengo. Kutsanulira kwamadzi otentha kumatha kuchitika mu kugwa, masamba atagwa. Njira yake ndiwachilengedwe.

Sulphate kupopera

Kuwaza ndi mkuwa sulfate (mkuwa wa sulfate, sulfate yamkuwa) umachitika pofuna kuthana ndi powdery mildew, nkhanu ndi jamu anthracnose. Ufa umasungunuka m'madzi ofunda mumtsuko wagalasi pazolinga zopanda chakudya, umasungunulidwa ndikuyika atatu peresenti mumapulasitiki.

Bordeaux madzi mankhwala

Kugwiritsa ntchito jamu Bordeaux madzi kumachitika pofuna kuteteza dzimbiri, nkhanambo, anthracnose ndi mitundu yonse ya mawanga. Kuti akonzekere malonda, zinthu ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito :fullime ndi sulfate yamkuwa. Pangani kukhala gawo limodzi kapena atatu. Zotengera zitatu zosakhala zachitsulo komanso zosasakaniza ndi zofunika. M'modzi, mkuwa wamkuwa umakhazikika m'madzi ofunda. Mwanjira ina, amadzimitsa madzi othamanga ndi madzi ozizira, kumasefa kudzera mwa nsalu yeniyeni kapena ya nayiloni. Kenako yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate limayambitsidwa mkaka wa laimu wokhala ndi mtsinje woonda, woyambitsa mosalekeza.

Kukonzekera kwamadzimadzi a Bordeaux

Kuti tikonzekere yankho la 1-3%, 100-300 g yamkuwa sulphate ndi 150-400 g yofulumira, madzi 10 amafunikira.

Mabasi amathiriridwa mokomera nyengo yowuma ndi yotentha ndimadzi okonzedwa mwatsopano kangapo pakulima:

• kumayambiriro kasupe (Epulo) ndi kugwa mochedwa (Novembala) - yankho la magawo atatu;
• kumapeto kwa kasupe (Meyi), chilimwe (Julayi) ndi koyambilira kwa nyundo (Seputembala) - yankho limodzi.

Ndikofunikira kuti mawonekedwewo agwere mbali zonse zakumaso ndi zotsika zamasamba. Jamu kukonza mu chirimwe amachitika kokha kutola zipatso.

Chithandizo cha Nitrofen

Njira ina yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ndi chithandizo cha nitrafen. Ichi ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri. Kumwaza kumera kumachitika pofuna kuteteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso ku nkhanambo, anthracnose ndi mitundu yonse ya mawanga. Amasenda nthambi, mkati mwa chitsamba ndi dothi lozungulira.

Nitrafen - njira yothetsera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa

Mankhwala othandizira amachitika mu Marichi-Epulo, madziwo asanayambe. Utsi ndi yankho la 2 kapena atatu peresenti (200-300 g ya phala 10 l lamadzi) kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu.

Nitrafen ali ndi mphamvu yotengera mazira ndi mphutsi za tizilombo zomwe zimakhala nthawi yachisanu. Kuwononga matendawa, ndikokwanira kumwaza dothi pozungulira tchire kamodzi. Zinthu zimasungidwa m'nthaka kwa miyezi iwiri.

Chithandizo cha Urea

Urea (urea) ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pakumera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mayankho a urea (500 g pa 10 malita), tizirombo tulo tofa nthawi yozizira timafa, makamaka nsabwe za m'masamba. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa azilangizira chithandizo cha urea mu Novembala, kukonkha masamba ndi kuvomerezedwa kwa dothi kuzungulira zitsamba.

Mankhwala chithandizo

Njira ina yopangira mankhwala ndi othandizira. Zimakhazikika pazamoyo. Kutetezedwa kwa anthu ndi nyama, sikuvulaza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chilengedwe. Zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochiza komanso kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo tonse. Izi zikuphatikiza: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Pentafag-S, Trichophytum, Bitoxybaxicillin, Mikosan. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi Fitosporin.

Fitosporin - wachilengedwe wotchuka kwambiri

Maziko a kukonzekera kwachilengedweyi ndi mabakiteriya audzu omwe amateteza kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwala amagwira ntchito mwanzeru mabakiteriya, zowola, nkhanambo, mphutsi, dzimbiri ndi zina za mafangasi ndi bakiteriya. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, ndizotheka kuti musangochiritsa matenda a jamu, komanso kupewa. Kodi kusamalira gooseberries?

Phala limasungunuka ndi madzi ofunda mu chidebe cha magalasi (100 g pa 0,5 lita imodzi ya madzi), onjezani kapu imodzi ya feteleza wamafuta (ali ndi michere yofunikira pakubzala kwa hay bacillus) ndikuumirira m'malo amdima osachepera masiku asanu. Utoto wokuyera uyenera kupanga pamwamba pa osakaniza, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukonzeka kwa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. The kulowetsedwa akhoza kusungidwa kwa miyezi ingapo firiji, zopindulitsa sizisintha.

Pofuna kupewa matenda, chithandizo chimodzi ndi chokwanira. Komabe, ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zayamba kuoneka, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuchitira zingapo zamankhwala ndi masiku 10-14.

Mankhwala Chithandizo

Tsopano pamsika pali kusankha kwakukulu kwa mankhwala azitsamba za mabulosi:

• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mankhwala owononga tizirombo, mphutsi ndi mbozi): Actellik, Antitlin, Kemifos, Karate Zeon, mphezi, Sensei, Gladiator, Breter ndi ena.
• Fungicides (mankhwala othandizira kuthana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus): Topaz, Fundazole, Kaptan, Phthalan, Khometsin, HOM, sulfate yamkuwa, osakaniza a Bordeaux ndi ena.

Mankhwala

Ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malingaliro omwe ali pompaka. Makonzedwe akuchitika mu nyengo youma, yotentha m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Zithandizo za anthu

Chithandizo cha ma jamu kuchokera ku ufa wa powdery, wopanda poizoni kwa anthu, umachitika ndi wowerengeka malinga ndi maphikidwe otsatirawa:

• 1 ml ya ayodini pa madzi okwanira 1 litre;
• 1 tbsp. l phulusa la soda pa malita 10 amadzi a sopo;
• 1 lita imodzi ya phulusa pa malita 10 a madzi a sopo;
• kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa owola - gawo limodzi la manyowa, magawo atatu a madzi.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala achilengedwe

• adyo kulowetsedwa: 200-300 g wa adyo wosadulidwa (kapena mphukira ya adyo) amaumirira kwa maola angapo mu 10 l madzi, kupsyinjika;
• anyezi kulowetsedwa: 200 g anyezi mankhusu, 10 L madzi, kunena kwa masiku asanu;
• kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za tomato kapena mbatata: 1.5 makilogalamu a nsonga, 10 l madzi, kunena maola 3-4.

Amalimbana ndimakina ndi njere ya impso yotsekemera: amachotsa masamba akuluakulu omwe anakhudzidwa kutchire kumayambiriro kwa kukula.

Bwino kuteteza gooseberries ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kodi njira yabwino yotetezera gooseberries ndi iti? Kodi utsi wa gooseberries mu April kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda? Mwachidule:

Scab

Tekinoloji yolondola yaulimi. Njira zina: kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa la nkhuni, phulusa la phulusa la soda ndi sopo wamadzi, yankho la aspirin ndi koloko yophika, tansy decoction ndi ena. Mankhwala: mkuwa wa sulfate, madzi a Bordeaux, Nitrafen, Skor, Rayek, DNOC, Arsenite ndi ena. Zachilengedwe: Fitosporin-M.

Powdery mildew

Njira zina: kulowetsera kapena decoction wa phulusa la nkhuni, yankho la phulusa la koloko ndi sopo wamadzi ndi ena. Mankhwala: Topaz, HOM, Topsin, Vectra, Rayek, Nitrafen, Bordeaux madzi, vitriol ndi ena. Zachilengedwe: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B.

Lichen

Kudulira koyenera komanso nthawi zonse. Kufufuza nthambi ndi Nitrafen (isanayambike kuyamwa). Makina oyeretsa a nthambi ndi nsalu yovuta, kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi 1% yankho lamkuwa wa sulfate kapena 3% yankho la sulfate yachitsulo.

Bwino kuthana ndi jamu

Ma nsabwe

Njira zina: kulowetsedwa ndi phulusa ndi sopo, kulowetsedwa kwa adyo, yankho la mpiru, njira ya koloko ndi ayodini ndi sopo wamadzimadzi, yankho losalimba la viniga, kuchepetsedwa Coca-Cola ndi ena. Mankhwala: Fufanon, BI-58, Aktara ndi ena. Zachilengedwe: Fitoverm.

Ndulu ya aphid

Chikhalidwe cha jamu sichikhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za ndulu.

Kuwombera aphid

Kulimbana ndi nyerere. Njira zambiri zodziwika bwino: kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini, koloko, viniga, phula, mbewu zokhala ndi fungo labwino ndi zina zotero. Mankhwala: Aktara, Confidor-Extra, Fufanon, Karbofos, Spark Bio ndi ena. Zachilengedwe: Fitoverm.

Impso currant Mafunso

Kuchitira kuchotsedwa kwa masamba ndi nthambi, kuziwotcha. Njira zina (mankhwalawa 2-3 pamwezi). Mankhwala: decoction wa laimu ndi sulfure, ether sulfonate, tedion. Othandizira zachilengedwe: Boverin, Akarin, Fitoverm.

Zikopa

Kudula ndi kuwotcha nthambi zowonongeka. Njira zina: kulowetsedwa palafini, kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a mtedza. Mankhwala: DNOC.

Zozimitsa moto

Kuwononga kokhazikika kwa zisa tizilombo. Njira zina: yankho la phulusa, yankho la sopo wa fumbi, kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za tomato kapena mbatata, kulowetsedwa kwa ufa wa mpiru ndi ena. Mankhwala: Karate, Spark, Kinmix ndi ena. Zachilengedwe: Entobacterin, Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin.

Sawflies

Njira za anthu: kulowetsedwa phulusa, kulowetsedwa kwa chowawa chowawa, kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala a chamomile, kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za tomato kapena mbatata, kulowetsedwa kwa singano ndi ena. Mankhwala: Spark, Decis, Aktara, Karbofos, Kinmiks ndi ena.

Ngati nyakulima atchera khutu ngati mbewu ya jamu, ikugwirizana ndi ukadaulo wazachikhalidwe, amathandizira kupewa matenda ndikulimbana ndi tizirombo touluka, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakondwera kwambiri. M'malo ojambulira nyakulima njira zonse zamakono zolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, komanso njira ndi maphikidwe a wowerengeka, omwe amayesedwa nthawi.