Mmene mungamere ndikukula phwetekere "Tlakolula de Matamoros"

Matimati "Tlakolula de Matamoros" ndi wotchuka osati chifukwa cha dzina lake loyambirira, komanso chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake abwino. Nyamayi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osamvetsetseka, kukoma kodabwitsa, komabe kusasamala komanso sikufuna malo apadera okula. Tiyeni tipeze zomwe zina zochititsa chidwi izi zosiyanasiyana.

Zamkatimu:

• Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola
• Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
• Nthaka ndi feteleza
• Mavuto akukula
• Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba
• Kukonzekera Mbewu
• Zokhudzana ndi malo
• Njira yobzala mbewu
• Kusamalira mbande
• Kusindikiza mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha
• Zipangizo zamakono za kukula kwa phwetekere pamtunda
• Zochitika kunja
• Njira yobzala mbande pamalo otseguka
• Kuthirira
• Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira
• Masking
• Belt girter
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
• Kukolola ndi Kusungirako
• Mavuto ndi malingaliro
• Sakani "Tlakolula de mathamoros": ndemanga

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Nyamayi "Tlakolula de Matamoros", kumene malo ake akubadwira ndi Mexico, ndi amtundu wautali, wamtali ndi wapamwamba. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha phwetekere ndi chosazolowereka, choyimira peyala ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso: chipatso chiri m'munsimu, pamwamba ndi yopapatiza. Pamwamba ndi wachikasu ndipo ena onsewo ndi ofiira.

Mukudziwa? Dzina la chomeracho chinatengedwa kuchokera ku dzina laling'ono la tawuni ya Tlakolula (Tlacolula) la Matamoros, yomwe inafalitsa mbewu yoyamba.

Chitsamba chiri wamtali, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita awiri. Zimakula mofulumira komanso bwino - posakhalitsa zimaoneka mabulosi aatali mu kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 3-7, zomwe zipatsozo zimabala. "Tlakolula de matamoros" imatha masiku 90-100 mutabzala mbewu.

Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mitundu ingapo:

1. Pinki kapena Pinki. Ali ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mtundu wa chipatsocho. Tomato ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, nthawi zina amawoneka ngati mapeyala. Nthata imakhala yosangalatsa, yokoma pang'ono, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mmenemo. Puloteni ikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe amalephera kudya zakudya zofiira.

   

2. Yellow Amasiyana ndi mtundu wachikasu wokhutira, mawonekedwe okwera. Mnofu ndi wowometsera komanso wokoma kwambiri, wofanana ndi chrysanthemum mu gawo.

   

3. White Amakula mofulumira m'madera a dziko lathu, chifukwa ndizosamvetsetseka mu chisamaliro, zimafuna nthawi yambiri ndi khama. Matulu a phwetekere ndi yowutsa mudyo ndipo nthawi imodzi ndi yowirira, yofanana ndi kukoma kwa zipatso osati masamba.

   

Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yambiri ya tomato ndi yopanda nzeru kwambiri komanso yosamala. Choncho, kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la zipatso kuchokera kwa iwo, ndikofunikira kuwapatsa zinthu zoyenera zomwe zidzafuna nthawi yambiri ndi khama kuchokera kwa wamaluwa.

Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola

Mbali yapadera ya "Tlakolula de Matamoros" imatchulidwa kuti yanyalanyaza pamwamba pa phwetekere, kukumbukira magawo a Chimandarini. Mtundu wa tomato ukhoza kusiyana, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera kumtambo ndi wachikasu mpaka pinki ndi wofiira wolemera. Kulemera kwa chipatso chimodzi kumachokera ku 100 kufika 300 g.

Chotsani chomera pa masiku 90-100 mutabzala. Kuti mupereke zokolola zambiri, 1-2 zimayambira. Zipatso zitsamba zimaoneka pa tchire, kumene tomato 3 mpaka 7 zipse mu burashi iliyonse.

Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yabwino kwambiri. Tomato amasangalala ndi phwetekere ndi zodabwitsa zokoma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano kapena pokonzekera saladi, mbale zosiyanasiyana, kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, ndi zina zotero.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Kawirikawiri kulima "Tlakolula de Matamoros" kumachitika kunja, nthawi zambiri kunja. Chifukwa chodzala zomera ayenera kugula mbande zomwe zimapezeka pamisika komanso m'masitolo kumapeto kwa May.

Mitundu yodalirika, monga Tlakolula de Matamoros, imafuna kusamalira mosamalitsa, koma zokolola zawo ndizitali. Onani maonekedwe a tomato "Honey", "Puzata hata", "De barao wakuda", "Jubilee Tarasenko", "Makhitos", "Grapefruit", "Rapunzel", "Black Prince", "Niagara", "Truffle ya Japan", " "Flamingo ya Pink", "Mazarin", "Kumato", "Agogo".

Posankha mbande, munthu ayenera kumvetsera zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Mizu ya mizu. Mizu iyenera kukhala yolimba osati youma komanso yosavunda.
2. Phesi. Mu chomera chabwino, ndi cholimba, wandiweyani, mtundu wunifolomu popanda mdima wandiweyani. Kukula kwakukulu - ndi pensulo kapena wochepa pang'ono. Kutalika kwa zomera sikuyenera kupitirira 30 masentimita, ndipo masamba - 10-12.
3. Masamba. Masamba ayenera kukhala ndi fungo la phwetekere, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, alibe madontho, mabala kapena wakuda. Ndikofunika kuti mawonekedwe ayang'ane pansi pa masamba kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chonde dziwani kuti mawonekedwe obiriwira a masamba, omwe ali obiriwira, amasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa feteleza mchere kunagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yake. Ndi bwino kusatenga mbande zoterozo.
4. Zaka za mbande. Njira yabwino ndiyo zomera zazing'ono, zaka 45 mpaka 60.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Tomato, ngakhale kuti sichikulima, sichidzakula pamtunda uliwonse. Iwo sali oyenera kwambiri chonyowa nthaka ndi owonjezera a feteleza organic. Zosiyanasiyanazi zimakonda m'malo momasuka, zodzaza ndi zakudya, moyenera lonyowa, pang'ono acidic ndi nthaka yotentha. Amamva zoipa mumthunzi.

Mitundu ya saladi ndi yodabwitsa ndi kukhalapo kwa mapepala ambirimbiri, omwe amaimira "Monomakh's Hat", "Batyana", "Golden Domes", "Slots f1", "Mazana Amodzi", "Madeira", "Crab Japan", "Pink Honey" "," Giant Pink "," Bokele "," Ox Mtima "," Ochereza. "

Tomato ndi opambana kwambiri m'madera omwe zukini, nyemba, kabichi, anyezi, ndi nkhaka anali atakula kale.

Zisanafike, nthaka iyenera kukonzekera bwino:

• kupanga feteleza zamchere ndi humus;
• kumasula bwino ndi kuchepetsa;
• kuyeretsa namsongole.

Malo okonzekera bwino adzathandiza chikhalidwe kukula mofulumira ndikukula mizu yolimba.

Mavuto akukula

"Tlakolula de mathamoros" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakula, yomwe imakula, imafuna kuunikira bwino ndi kutentha kokwanira. Ngati chomeracho chikhala ndi kuwala kwa maola 12 mpaka 16, chimatha kupanga timayambira ziwiri, kopanda pake. Pa chitsamba china, 5-6 maburashi amasiyidwa, nsongazo zimamangirizidwa, ndipo masamba awiri okha atsala pamwamba pa burashi pamwamba.

Pakati pa kutentha, ndikofunikira kuti tiyang'ane mlingo wake komanso kuti tisalole kuwonjezeka. Ndi kutentha kwakukulu, chomeracho chimafuna, kutembenukira chikasu ndi kukhetsa masamba ake. Kutentha kwakukulu kumakhala 20-25 ° C.

Ndikofunika kuti tipeze chikhalidwe chabwino cha chinyezi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, phwetekere ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndibwino kuti mumwe madziwo ngati topsoil ndi yowuma. Mutabzala mbatata ayenera kuthiridwa mochuluka, ndipo kuti muteteze msangamsanga wa chinyontho, nthaka ikhoza kuyikidwa ndi udzu kapena udzu wambiri.

Pakatha masabata awiri ndizofunika kupanga feteleza zamchere ndi organic, zochokera pa 1 lalikulu. m - 10 l ya yankho. Pa nthawi ya mapangidwe a zipatso monga chovala chogwiritsira ntchito magnesium sulphate.

Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza muyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi lamulo: "Ndi bwino kugonjetsa thanzi."

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba

Ngati pali kukayikira za mtundu wa mbande zogulidwa, zikhoza kukulira pakhomo.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

Popeza kuti mitunduyi ndi yosonkhanitsa, ndi bwino kugula mbewu zokhazokha m'masitolo apadera. Kukula mbande kumafunika kuchita zotsatirazi:

• Mbeu zimayang'aniridwa kuti zimera, gombe ladzaza ndi madzi pang'ono - mbewu zomwe zimatsika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula mbande;
• Mbeu zapamwamba zimatsanulira njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 20;
• perekani "kuuma" kwa mbewuzo, kuziika kuzizira kwa masiku 2-3, ndiyeno panja;
• mbewu zothandizidwa ndi kukula kowonjezera.

Pezani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mbeu za phwetekere.

Zokhudzana ndi malo

Tikulimbikitsanso kukula mbande m'miphika yaing'ono kapena mapepala apulasitiki, omwe amatha kusamutsidwa mosavuta, kapena mabokosi osasintha.

Njira yobzala mbewu

Pofuna kubzala mbewu zomwe zinkatulutsidwa kale, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosakanizidwa, yomwe imakhala yowonongeka, yomwe imatetezedwa mosavuta musanafesedwe pofuna kupewa chitukuko.

Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa nthaka sizingasokonezeke, mwinamwake tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwononge mphukira zamtsogolo.

Mu nthaka, pangani kupanikizika pang'ono mpaka 1.5 cm, pomwe pali mbewu imodzi.

Ngati kuchoka kumapangidwa mumabokosi, ndiye:

• chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi dothi lonyowa ndipo amapanga tizilombo tochepa mpaka 1.5 cm;
• Mbeu zofesedwa pamtunda wa masentimita 4-5 kuchokera kwa mzake;
• maenje owazidwa ndi dothi laling'ono;
• Nthaka yochuluka kwambiri;
• Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki kuti apange tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chinyezi cha 80-90%.

Tsiku lililonse zimalimbikitsa kuyang'ana dothi la chinyezi, ndipo pokhapokha ngati alibe kusowa pansi ndi mfuti.

Video: kubzala tomato kwa mbande

Kusamalira mbande

Pambuyo pakula mphukira, filimuyi iyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ikhale ndi kuwala kokwanira. Kenaka, chomeracho chimathirira moyenera ngati dothi limauma. Sitiyenera kutsanuliridwa, chifukwa chinyezi chochuluka chimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pazitsamba zomwe zimatuluka ndipo zingayambitse.

Pakatha masabata atatu mutatuluka mbande, m'pofunika kuti muzitha kusuntha - kuziika muzitsulo zosiyana, kukulitsa zimayambira ku masamba a cotyledon. Panthawiyi, zomera zimakhala bwino kuti zisapange dzuwa. Patatha masabata awiri mutatha kuika, zimalimbikitsa kudyetsa zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera kapena zitosi za mbalame.

Phunzirani momwe mungadyetse mbatata.

Masabata angapo musanabzala pansi, amayamba kuuma. Kuchita izi, chomeracho chikuchitika tsiku lililonse pamsewu, kwa maola awiri. Tsiku lina musanadzalemo, mbande zimachitika tsiku lonse.

Video: momwe tingaperekere tomato

Kusindikiza mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha

Pambuyo pa masiku 60 mutabzala, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Izi ziyenera kuchitika madzulo. Zomera zimabzalidwa m'mabowo aakulu, mpaka 18-20 masentimita, pamtunda wa mamita awiri kuchokera mzake. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuika 50 g wa phulusa la nkhuni losakaniza nthaka pansi pa dzenje, ndi kuwonjezera humus ndi turf mofanana ndi nthaka yokha.

Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungamere tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Pamene tchire chikukula pang'ono, amagwada, kukoka tsinde pansi ndi nthaka yakuwaza. Phwetekere amafunika kuthirira bwino.

Patangopita milungu iwiri, mbewuyo imakhala ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux madzi, yomwe imateteza ku matendawa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Mukudziwa? Poganizira kuti zipatso zazikulu zofiira za tomato zikufanana ndi mtima, Chifalansa chinawapatsa dzina lakuti "pomme d'amour" - "maapulo achikondi".

"Tlakolula de matamoros" mu wowonjezera kutentha

Zipangizo zamakono za kukula kwa phwetekere pamtunda

Kukwaniritsa miyezo yayikulu ya teknoloji yaulimi komanso kusamalira nyengo, nthawi zina munthu wosadziwa zambiri angapindule nazo. Kawirikawiri Tlakolula de Matamoros cultivar imakula m'malo obiriwira, komabe, m'madera otentha, chomeracho chidzabzala pansi.

Zochitika kunja

Kachipangizo kowonjezera tomato mu nthaka yotsekedwa ndi yosavuta ndipo ndi yabwino kwa zosiyanasiyana "Tlakolula de Matamoros". Koma zokolola za zomera sizidalira malo omwe akukula, koma pa nthawi yoyenera komanso yosamalizika, yomwe imakhala madzi okwanira, kumasula, kudyetsa, kupanga chitsamba.

Kukula "Tlakolula" panja - bizinesi yoopsa, komabe, ngati mutatsata malingaliro onse, ndizoona.

• Zoonadi, nthawi yobzala mbande m'nyumba ndi kunja ndi zosiyana. Kufika kumapeto kumeneku kumachitika pamene kuopsezedwa kwa chisanu kumatha.
• Tomato ndi zomera zokonda kwambiri, kotero ndi bwino kuti asankhe malo osamalidwa bwino, koma popanda dzuwa, popanda drafts ndi mphepo zamphamvu.
• Zimalimbikitsidwa kufesa tomato kumadera okwera kumene kulibe madzi othamanga.
• Tikulimbikitseni kukonzekera malo omwe mukulima nawo: Kugwiritsira ntchito feteleza panthaka, chotsani namsongole.
• Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe nthaka ikuyendera asanayambe kubzala, popeza kuwonjezeka kwa ndende kumachepetsa nyengo yokula.
• Yabwino kutsogolo kwa tomato ndi nkhaka, zukini, kaloti, anyezi, nyemba.
• Malo omwe ali ndi manyowa abwino sali oyenera kubzala.

Njira yobzala mbande pamalo otseguka

Ndi bwino kukonza zochitika patsiku lamadzulo kapena madzulo. Njira yobzala tomato ndi yabwino kwambiri kumadera ozizira kwambiri, koma m'madera omwe nyengo zimakhala bwino zimakhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochezera.

Mbande, zomwe zafesedwa kale kuchokera ku mbewu, zimabzalidwa motere:

1. Dulani dzenje lakuya masentimita 20.
2. Pansi pake pangani peat pang'ono ndi humus, 1 tbsp. l superphosphate, 0,5 tbsp. l phulusa ndi 1 tsp. magnesium sulfate.
3. Mbande zimayikidwa pansi kuti mbali ziwiri zam'munsi zimayambe kumizidwa mu nthaka, makamaka zoyera, kukonkha ndi dothi lokha.
4. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ukhale pafupifupi masentimita 30, pakati pa mizera - 70 cm.

Ndikofunikira! Musanabzala mbande m'nthaka, onetsetsani kuti namsongole monga horsetail, oxalis, ndi sorelo zisamere pafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka iwonjezeke.

Kuthirira

Mitundu ya tomato "Tlakolula de matamoros" ayenera kuthiriridwa pokha pazu, popanda kukhudza masamba. Kusuntha kwa mbande kumalimbikitsidwa kuti uyambe masabata awiri mutatha kutuluka. Chomera amakonda kwambiri kuthirira - osachepera 1 lita imodzi yokhazikika, osati madzi ozizira pansi pa chitsamba chimodzi.

Mukakulira mu wowonjezera kutentha, malamulo ena oti ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza agwiritsidwe ntchito.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, phwetekere imalola kuti chinyezi chisawonongeke. Mvula yamvula ndi bwino kuti musamamwe madzi; mazira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kawiri pa sabata, ndipo nthawi yotentha, chinyezi chiyenera kuwonjezeka nthawi zambiri, monga chimbudzi chimauma.

Ngati, chifukwa cha kuchulukitsa kwa nthaka, madzi samalowa bwino, muyenera kupanga punctures zingapo zofanana ndi foloki kapena msomali. Madziwo atatha, zimalimbikitsa kuyendetsa bwino nthaka.

Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira

Pakukula phwetekere kumafuna nthawi zonse pansi ndi kupalira. Ntchito zoterezi zidzalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mizu ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zakudya m'nthaka. Hilling ikuchitika kawiri: pa maluwa ndi mapangidwe apatso. Nthaka imamasulidwa mutatha kudya.

Kupalira mbewu kumapangidwa ngati n'kofunikira, kupeŵa kupitirira kwa tchire. Kupaka nyemba kuyenera kuchitika mwamsanga mutatha mvula yambiri, popeza nthaka yosakanizika ndi yabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwa namsongole.

Tomato makamaka amafunikira nthaka yoyera:

• pamene mubzala mbande;
• Panthawi ya kukula kwakukulu;
• pa maluwa ndi kucha tomato.

Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku botanical, chipatso cha phwetekere si masamba, koma lalikulu, yowutsa mudyo mabulosi.

Masking

Kusungidwa kwa tomato - mapangidwe a tchire - ayenera kuyamba kumayambiriro kwa June, masabata awiri mutabzala. Njirayi idzachotsa mphukira yowonjezera, yofooka, motero imalimbikitsa ndikukula bwino mbewu, komanso kugawira bwino zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwa masamba ndi zipatso.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe muyenera kuchotsa, choyamba muyenera kupeza komwe burashi yoyamba imapezeka. Pansi pa brush iyi ndi tsinde, yomwe idzakhala yofunikira mwana wobadwa naye. Ana onse opeza bwino amathetse manja awo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni kapena tsamba. Masking imachitika tsiku lililonse masiku khumi ndi awiri.

Ngati zomera sizinapangidwe, nkhalangoyi imapangidwa pabedi. Mu "Tlakolula de Matamoros" m'pofunika kuchoka masamba 1-2, omwe amakula pafupi maburashi 5-7 ndi maluwa. Kupanga chitsamba ndicho kuchotsa masamba a pansi, pamene pakati pa masamba ndi nthaka ayenera kupanga mtunda wa masentimita 30

Pambuyo popanga brush, muyenera kutsitsa nsonga kuti muzule kukula kwa mbeu.

Zipatso zikayamba kuphuka, m'pofunika kuchotsa masamba onse ouma ndi masamba akale.

Belt girter

Pochita phwetekere zamtchire zimatha kufika mamita awiri, kotero ziyenera kumangirizidwa. Ngati izi sizinayende, zimayambira pansi pamtundu waukulu, ndipo zipatso zogwirizana ndi nthaka zidzayamba kuwonongeka.

Pali njira zingapo zopangira tomato:

1. Njira yachikhalidwepamene chomeracho chimangirizidwa ku mtengo wamatabwa kapena chitsulo. Pagulu lirilonse limagwiritsa ntchito chigamba chosiyana. Monga chinthu cha subwoofer, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu zofewa, zingwe zopanda zolimba. Zimaletsedweratu kumangiriza ndi mzere kapena zingwe zoonda zomwe zizitsitsa tsinde.
2. Njira ya Shpaler. Miyala imayikidwa pa mtunda wina kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, pakati pawo pang'onopang'ono kugwedeza waya. Pakati pa mzere wa waya mutenge mtunda wa masentimita 45. Pachilumikizano ichi muli mizere ya tomato.
3. Njira yowoneka. Chokhazikika chake chimakhala kuti pakati pa zigoba pakati pomwe akutambasula waya, kumene chingwe chimachokera ku chitsamba chilichonse. Pachifukwa ichi, mapeto amodzi a chingwe amaikidwa pa tsinde.
4. Maselo amtundu. Pa chitsamba chilichonse cha phwetekere, selo yapadera (chimango) cha waya imalengedwa. Zipangizo za waya zimayikidwa mu arc ndipo zimakhala zojambulidwa ndi zidutswa zina. Kenaka, selo limakumba pansi mpaka masentimita 15, ndipo chitsamba chimangirizidwa ndi chingwe.

Ndikofunikira! Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha matenda a tomato ndi chaka chatha - matenda okalamba "amafalitsidwa" ku chomera. Ndicho chifukwa chakumanga muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zatsopano.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti katswiri wogwira ntchito ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa mbewu ndi mphamvu yake.

Kupaka pamwamba

Tomato amafunikira kudyetsa nthawi zonse, ndizofunika kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti nyengo ikuyenda bwino. Manyowa akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito madzulo pofuna kupewa tomato ku zotentha.

Njira zodyera ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha tomato:

• Ngati chomera chikuwoneka chodwalitsa, ndipo chobiriwiracho chiri ndi mtundu wobiriwira, muyenera kusamalira zowonjezera zowonongeka m'nthaka, mwachitsanzo mullein;
• masamba a chikasu amasonyeza phosphorous yambiri;
• Ngati masamba akuphulika, muyenera kuwonjezera phosphorous;
• kukula mofulumira kwa chitsamba kumasonyeza kupitirira kwa nayitrogeni feteleza;
• pamene pakupezeka masamba, ndikofunika kuchepetsa kudya ndi potaziyamu.

Manyowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa pa phukusi, ngati njira zogula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukhoza kukonzekera nokha, kuchokera 1 makilogalamu a manyowa mpaka 10 malita a madzi. Chovala chokongoletsera cha tomato chiyenera kuphatikizapo kuthirira.

Onetsetsani kuti mumatha kutulutsa tomato wobiriwira mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa

Matenda a tomato amatha kudziwonetsera okha mu nyengo yotentha komanso kunja. Matenda ndi:

• mtundu wa tizilombo;
• mtundu wa fungal;
• mtundu wa bakiteriya.

Nthawi zambiri, tomato amakhudzidwa ndi matendawa:

1. Bronze - kuwonetseredwa ndi kuwononga masamba ndi kupotoza kwake. Zomera zomwe zimakhala m'mabotchi nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Mabala a Brown amaumbidwa pa zipatso, zomwe zimawonekera pamasamba. Matendawa sangachiritsidwe, koma pa 45 ° C zotsatira za mavairasi amasiya.

   Mchere wa mandimu pa chipatso

2. Yellow Curly - N'kosavuta kudziwa ndi maonekedwe a chipatso: amakhala okongola, osagwirizana, ndi osudzulana pamtunda. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kachilomboka, kamene kamayambitsidwa ndi whitefly, kumayambitsa kupopera ndi kusintha kwa masamba.

   Tsamba lofiirira pa masamba a phwetekere

3. Kutchire pamwamba - Zimakhudza chomera chobiriwira m'nyengo yozizira: masamba amawongolera ndi kutambasula mu chubu, amawoneka machaputala aang'ono, omwe amayamba kukhala mawanga oyera. Chifukwa cha kufotokozera kotero, tomato amakula bwino ndipo sabala zipatso. Palibe chitetezo ku matendawa, chifukwa choteteza iwo amachita mankhwala ndi agromechanics.

   

Phunzirani mmene mungachiritse tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Matenda a fungal amagwira masamba, mapesi ndi zipatso. Zina mwazo, zomwe zimafala kwambiri:

1. Kuwonongeka kochedwa - Chizindikiro chake ndi maonekedwe a mdima wofiira wa mawonekedwe osasintha pa zimayambira. M'tsogolomu, mawanga awa akuphatikizana, kupanga mapangidwe akufa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, palibe chida chokhazikika pa masamba ndi tsinde. Pofuna kuchotsa vutoli, zimalimbikitsa kufalitsa nthaka, kuchotseratu tomato wodwalayo, ndi kuchiza zomera zabwino ndi kukonzekera, mwachitsanzo, sodium humate kapena "Pseudo bacterin".

   

2. Grey kuvunda - Matenda aakulu kwambiri a Tlacoloula omwe amakhudza tsinde lonse, ndi zotsatira zake kuti matendawa amafa kwathunthu. Poonekera, matenda amatha kudziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa maluwa oyera, omwe amachititsa zomera zonse, chifukwa zimayambira. Vuto la matendawa ndiloti limatha kupititsidwa ku mbewu zingapo zomwe zikukula. Polimbana ndi nkhungu za nkhungu zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, monga "Bayleton".

   

3. Vuto loyera (sclerotinia) - Zingapangidwe m'malo owonongeka ku chitsamba. Zitha kuwonjezeka ndi kutentha kwadzidzidzi (kutentha ndi usiku ozizira), mvula itagwa. Zisonyezero za matendawa ndi: zowonjezera zitsamba zotupa, zowonongeka zomera, chikhomo chofewa. Kuchotsa chitsime cha matendawa kumathandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

   Vuto loyera la tsamba la phwetekere

Matenda a bakiteriya amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pa zokolola zam'tsogolo, chifukwa ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamtunda wa mbeu. Monga lamulo, mabakiteriya amayamba kubereka masamba, ndiyeno shrub yonse.

Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa tomato, omwe amadziwika ndi tizilombo tosaoneka.

Pa matenda a bakiteriya, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi izi:

1. Kutsegula - Ndizomveka kuzizindikira: mawanga ofiira a bulauni amapanga masamba. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri pa chitukuko cha matendawa zimakhala zowonongeka komanso kutentha. M'malo obiriwira, matendawa amapezeka kawirikawiri. Kulimbana nalo limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mkuwa.

   

2. Madzi ovunda - Zimakhudza chipatso, ndipo zonsezi zatha kale. Pa iwo, mawanga amayamba kupangika, omwe amayamba kuvunda ndikusandulika kukhala mchere wambiri wambiri ndi fungo losautsa. Pofuna kupewa matenda, m'pofunikira kupereka kutentha ndi kusungunuka kofunikira pa nthawi yosungirako ndi kuyendetsa zipatso, komanso kuthetsa tizirombo pogwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe apadera.

   Zipatso Zam'madzi Zothamanga

Kukolola ndi Kusungirako

Mbewu ya tomato yokolola ikapsa. Ngati alibe nthawi yokhwima, ndiye kuti amathyoledwa, amaika mudengu ndikuyika malo otentha ndi owuma.

Ndikofunikira! Tomato wakula pa mabedi, amasungidwa nthawi yaitali kusiyana ndi greenhouses.

Tomato "Tlakolula" ndi yotetezeka kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyendetsa, choncho imayenera kukonzedwa mwamsanga. Malo abwino kwambiri osungiramo tomato ndi malo ozizira, owuma, ndi kutentha kuchokera 5 ° C mpaka 12 ° C ndi chinyezi chache choposa 80%.

Zipatso zimalimbikitsidwa kuti aike phesi mmatumba kapena pulasitiki. Poonjezera kanyumba ka tomato, musanayike m'botete, muyenera kuyisankhira - chotsani zipatso zonse zowola, zowonongeka, zosapsa. Musati musambe tomato.

Mavuto ndi malingaliro

Tomato "Tlakolula de Matamoros" ndi osavuta kusamalira ndi kudzichepetsa polima. Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya tomato, amakonda dzuwa, nyengo yofunda, chinyezi. Komabe, alimi angakhale ndi mavuto ena pa chitukuko cha zomera:

1. Kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira kutentha, mwinamwake ndi kutentha kwakukulu maluwa amayamba kuuma ndi kugwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhala zipatso za mazira.
2. Kutentha kwa madzi otsika. Pofuna kuthira moyenera muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda osungunuka. Ndikoletsedwa kumwa madzi ndi madzi ozizira.
3. Kusefukira. Ngakhale tomato wa zosiyanasiyana ngati madzi okwanira, iwo sakulimbikitsidwa kutsanulidwa, chifukwa izi zingachititse imfa ya mbewu. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuchepetsa madzi okwanira pa tomato pa maluwa a mbande kungachititse kuti asakhale ndi mazira ambiri, komanso nthawi yakucha zipatso.
4. Kupaka pamwamba. Manyowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito milungu iwiri iliyonse, ndikusintha mitundu yawo: mchere ndi organic. Mlingo wa kudya ndi: 1 chidebe pa 1 square. M square. Kuperewera kwa feteleza kumakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa masamba: iwo amakhala achikasu, owuma, ayamba kufuna ndipo potsiriza akugwa. Chimodzimodzinso ndi zipatso zobiriwira, zomwe, popanda phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, zimayamba kungowamba.
5. Masking Ndi kuunikira kosavuta mu wowonjezera kutentha kumathera phokoso mu phesi limodzi, ndibwino-muwiri. Njirayi ikufunika kuti pakhale kukula, chitukuko ndi zokolola za tomato.

Zokolola zabwino, zokoma kwambiri za chipatso, kumasuka kulima - zonsezi ndizo zikuluzikulu za phwetekere "Tlacoloula de mathamoros". Ngakhale kuti dzina lachilendo ndi mayiko akutsidya lina lakutsidya lina, mitunduyi yakhala ikudziwika m'madera mwathu ndipo idakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri a chilimwe. Podziwa zochitika zamagetsi, mungathe kukula mwamphamvu tomato, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri m'mawonekedwe atsopano komanso monga zosakaniza za mbale zambiri.

Sakani "Tlakolula de mathamoros": ndemanga