Pelargonium, kapena monga momwe amatchulidwira - geranium, mbewu wamba m'nyumba ndi mmunda, yodziwika ndi kudziletsa komanso kumasuka kosamalira. Nthawi yomweyo, duwa amasangalala ndi kukongola kwa maluwa komanso kununkhira kwamasamba. Kutchuka kumachitika chifukwa chakuti kubereka kwa geraniums sikovuta kuchita kunyumba.
Zomwe zimachitika pobera majeremusi kunyumba
Malingaliro a wamaluwa adagawikana pomwe kuli kofunikira kufalitsa mbewuyo. Zonse zimatengera njira yomwe yasankhidwa. Mmodzi, akatswiri amavomereza: nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi kuphukira kapena yophukira.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa mitundu yama geraniums
Tcherani khutu! Kwa pelargonium, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yolumikizira ili kugwa (kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - September woyamba). Izi ndichifukwa choti kudulira mbewu mutamasamba kumapereka maluwa bwino.
Ngati cholinga cha kubereka geraniums chikutuluka msanga, ndiye kuti yambani kubala mu Marichi. Ndiye mu Julayi zitha kupeza masamba obiriwira pamaluwa achichepere. Kuchuluka kwa masika obzala masika ndi 90%. Ndibwino kuti ndiyambe kudulira mu September, ndiye duwa limakula ndikukula kwambiri, maluwa ayamba chaka chamawa. Chiwerengero cha kupulumuka chobzala nthawi imeneyi ndi 80-90%.
Nthawi yovuta kwambiri kufalitsa ma geraniums ndi pakati pa chilimwe, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa mbewu zomwe zakhala ndi mizu ndizochepa. Ndibwino kuti muyambe kufesa mu March, pomwe kuli dzuwa lokwanira kale. Ngati mumabzala mbeu m'mbuyomu - wokonza mundawo azikupatsirani mbewu zina zowonjezera.
Geranium imafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Njira yake imagwira ntchito nthawi zina ngati nkosatheka kupeza phesi. Kugwira ntchito ndi pelargonium yachifumu kapena ampelous (ivy) ndizovuta kuposa kale.
Momwe mungafalitsire zidutswa za geranium kunyumba
Mtundu umodzi wokongola kwambiri wa ma geraniums ndi pelargonium yachifumu. Oberetsa adabzala mitundu yambiri yamfumu yachifumu ndi ivy pelargonium, koma onsewa amafunikira kwambiri mu chisamaliro ndi kubereka poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Kuti mudziwe momwe mungafalitsire zidutswa zachifumu kunyumba, muyenera kutsatira njira iliyonse yomwe olima maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito.
Kodi phesi la geranium limawoneka bwanji
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Chofunikira pakufalikira kwa pelargonium yachifumu ndikuletsa chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka kapena gawo lapansi. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, mphukira za mbewuzo zimayamba kuvunda ndi kuzimiririka.
Momwe mungadulire geranium kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi
Kuti mupeze mbewu zatsopano za geranium, ndibwino kufalitsa ndi zodula kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Popeza kudulira kumachitika maluwa atadulidwa, kudula kofalikira kumakhala kolimba komanso wathanzi.
Chapakatikati, mmera umadzuka hibernation. Njira zonse zofunika zimayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo ngati mungasankhe nthawi yoyenera, mutha kusangalala ndi maluwa oyenda bwino mu June. Zotsatira zotsatirapo zake zitha kuchitika, kenako maluwa amabwera pakatha chaka chimodzi. Kodi geranium imafalitsidwa bwanji?
Kufalikira kwa ma geranium kuyenera kuchitika kuchokera ku chomera chathanzi komanso champhamvu. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa phesi ndi 8-20 cm, kutengera kukula kwa duwa loyambirira. Mphukira, pomwe pali masamba opitilira 5-6, osavomerezeka kuti atengedwe chifukwa chotsika kwambiri chomwe tsinde limazika mizu.
Zambiri! Zodulidwa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuwombera kwa amayi ndi mpeni wakuthwa pansi pa mfundo pa pang'ono. Pambuyo pake, masamba am'munsi pachikhatho amachotsedwa. Ngati phesi lili ndi masamba akulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti ayenera kuduladula pakati kuti mphamvu zonse zam'mera zatha zisapite pazakudya za masamba, koma pangani mapangidwe a mizu.
Njira zakulera
Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungazule mizu kuchokera ku zomwe mwadula:
- kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omata;
- ikutera m'nthaka yopepuka;
- ikani piritsi lapadera.
Njira iliyonse imakhala ndi yake, ndipo kupambana kwa njira iliyonse kumatengera luso la kupeza chitsamba. Mukamasankha pulogalamu yofananira, mwayi wazotsatira zabwino ukuwonjezeka, ndipo mizu imafulumira.
Kupeza mizu pogwiritsa ntchito madzi wamba kumaphatikizanso kuchotsa madziwo pakatha masiku awiri ndi atatu. Chidebe cha opaque chimadzaza madzi osaposa 3-5 cm ndikuyikidwa pazenera loyatsidwa bwino. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mizu, kudula kumabzalidwa mumiphika kwakanthawi yokhala ndi dothi lambiri.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodzalirira dothi lopepuka, zinthu zodzala zimaphwekedwa kwa pafupifupi maola awiri, malo omwe amadulira amathandizidwa ndi makala ndikuwokedwa pansi, osadikira kuti mizu ipangidwe.
Zindikirani! Poto yozika mizu imasankhidwa m'mimba yaying'ono, gawo lam'munsi limadzaza ndi madzi, thankiyo yonse imadzaza ndi peat ndi mchenga wokwanira.
Njira yabwino yodzikonzera pelargonium yachifumu yowoneka bwino ngati mizu mothandizidwa ndi mapiritsi a peat. Njirayi siyikuphatikizira kubzala mu nthaka, koma kumatengera kugwiritsa ntchito malo apadera kuchokera ku peat ndi michere. Gawo laling'ono loterolo limalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu yazomera. Kutheka kwa tsinde kumachepetsedwa, koma asanaike mphukirayo mu peat pellet, amasungidwa kwa masiku 5 mpaka 15 m'madzi mpaka mizu yoyamba itawonekera. Mizu ikakulika piritsi, nthawi yomweyo yambani kuwabzala mumphika wokulirapo.
Peat mapiritsi a mizu ya geranium odulidwa
Kutambalala ndi chisamaliro chowonjezereka
Zidutswa za geraniums achifumu ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuzika msanga, malinga ndi malamulo onse a njirayi. Pomwe mizu ikapangidwa, mphukira zoyambirira zimayamba kuwoneka pamabowo mkati mwa masabata 3-4, nthawi yomwe kuthirira kumachuluka.
Tcherani khutu! Thirani mbewuyo mosamala, musachite changu ndi chinyezi. Amfumu geraniums amalola chilala kupitirira chinyezi chambiri.
Kuchuluka kuthirira sizitanthauza kuti duwa lakonzeka kusamalidwa bwino ngati chomera chachikulire. Ndikofunika kudikirira mwezi wina musanayambe kutentha pang'ono pang'ono duwa. Pakapita kanthawi, chomeracho chimasinthidwa ndikulembera wamkulu.
Kuika mu dothi losatha kumachitika pokhapokha kupanga mizu yolimba. Mukabzala m'mbuyomu, pamakhala mwayi kuti mbewuzo sizikhala mizu. Dothi limakonzedwa kuchokera ku kompositi (humus, mchenga, pepala ndi turf nthaka molingana).
M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limapumira. Kulima nyengo yachisanu kumachitika pa kutentha kwa +15 ℃. Ngati ndizosatheka kupanga zinthu zotere, mbewuyo imasiyidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa Marichi. Mphukira imafupikitsidwa, mizu imatsukidwa dothi ndikudula, wokutidwa mu nyuzipepala kapena filimu kenako kuyimitsidwa pansi.
Kubzala zodula pansi
Momwe mungafalitsire mphukira za geranium kunyumba
Kuchepetsa geraniums ndi kudulira ndikosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, siyani chitsa cha kutalika, ndikupanga zidutswa zozungulira kudzera mu impso imodzi pazotsalira pansi pa impso yomwe. Bwerezani mchitidwewo pamwamba.
Zotsatira zake, ambiri odulidwa amapangidwa kuchokera kumayamwa, omwe amapanga mizu yawo mwachindunji pa chomera cha mayi. Mphukira zazing'ono zikakhala zolimba komanso mizu yake ikakhala yamphamvu kwambiri, mbewuzo zingabzalidwe, kuduladula komwe kumachitika motere kudzazika mizu mwachangu.
Zambiri! Ngati mavuto abwera ndi mizu ya njirazi, maonekedwe a mizu yamtsogolo amalimbikitsidwa. Mwa izi, njira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo kuti athandize kuti geranium ichulukane mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuwombera kwa chomera cha mayiyo.
Momwe mungafalitsire tsamba la geranium kunyumba
Nthawi zina, zimachitika kuti phesi lamphamvu lathanzi silingathe kudulidwa. Zikatero, tsamba la chomera limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tsamba lokha silidzazika mizu, lingathandizidwe. Kuti muchite izi, siyani gawo la tsinde limodzi ndi tsamba. Mukadula tsinde ndi tsamba, kukonzaku kumachitika ngati ndikulumikiza. Kukonzekera kwa dothi kumatsatanso mfundo zomwe zimachitika mwadongosolo. Kenako, chikho chowonekera chimadzaza ndi gawo lapansi, momwe muyenera kubzala chitsa ndi tsamba. Njira yosamalira mbande zoterezi ndi yofanana ndi yosamalira maudzu.
Kufalitsa masamba
Kufalitsa mbewu
Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi njira inanso yopezera mbewu zambiri. Imakhala ndi zovuta zina - mbewu zimamera kuchokera pambewu zomwe zimasiyana ndi mayi. Mtundu wa maluwa watayika, mawonekedwe awo, terry. Ngati ntchito yayikulu ndikulima mwachangu, kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Potere, amagwiritsa ntchito nthanga zomwe adatola maluwa awo. Kuti apange makongoletsedwe a mitundu, mbewu zimagulidwa ku malo ogulitsa maluwa.
Tcherani khutu! Mbeu za Geranium zimabzalidwe makamaka nthawi zina zikafika pambiri ya mbewu nthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, kukongoletsa mapaki amzindawo ndi mabedi amaluwa. Kudula kwama voliyumu ngati amenewa si koyenera.
Asanabzale, amakonzera njere zawo - -. Chovala cha mbewu ya pelargonium ndichopanda wandiweyani komanso cholimba, ndichifukwa chake amatha kugona m'nthaka miyezi itatu asanaphuke.
Ukadaulo wa kuperewera umakhala mukupera mbewu pang'ono pakati pamagawo awiri a sandpaper yokongoletsedwa bwino. Mukafesa nthangala za geranium, zinthu zimaganiziridwa:
- nthawi yofesa mbewu (mutha kuyamba kubzala kuyambira kumapeto kwa Disembala kapena koyambirira kwa Januware);
- kudalira kwa boma la kutentha ndi nthawi ya kumera (kutentha kwa gawo lapansi kuyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 18-20 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro);
- gawo (dziko la mchenga, mchenga ndi peat poyerekeza 2: 1: 1);
- kunyamula koyenera ndi kuphukira chisamaliro.
Musatulutse chosankhacho, apo ayi mizu imakula ndikukula. Kukula kwa mbeu kudzachedwa. Mtengo wachisanu ndi chimodzi ukawonekera pazomera zazing'ono, zimadina ndi kupangika kuti mtsogolomo, geranium yobzala mbewu kunyumba izisangalatsa maluwa.
Kukula kwa pelargonium kuchokera ku mbewu
Ndi mavuto ati omwe mungakumane nawo?
Kufalitsa ma geraniums kunyumba sikovuta, komabe ndikofunika kukumbukira zina. Pelargonium nthawi zina amakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Mavuto akulu ndi michere yomwe imakula:
- Kukongoletsa masamba am'munsi ndikusowa chinyezi.
- Kuchepa kwa m'mphepete mwa masamba mbewuyo ikauma.
- Mdima wakuda mphukira pansi ndi mwendo wakuda. Tsoka ilo, mbewu ngati imeneyi siyingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
- Kuwonetsedwa kwa phesi ndi wopanda kuwala.
- Maonekedwe a imvi nkhungu pamasamba okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Geranium wamkulu wakunyumba
Kubzala majeremusi kunyumba si kovuta, chinthu chachikulu ndichoti musankhe nthawi yoyenera, sankhani njira yosavuta yoberekera komanso gawo loyenera. Pankhaniyi, mutha kukulitsa kukongola kwenikweni pazenera, zomwe zingakhale zokongoletsera zowona za nyumbayo.
