Chokondweretsa aspipistra amakongoletsa pakhomo lililonse la nyumba yanu. Chisamaliro chachisanu chodetsedwa chobiriwira chobiriwira ndi chophweka kuti ngakhale wopanga chithunzithunzi akhoza kuchigwira.
Zomwe zingatheke pakukula aspiristra
Chomeracho ndi broadleaf (pafupifupi masentimita 15), chikuwoneka ngati nyenyezi. Aspidistra amamasula kawirikawiri, ndipo ngati akupatsani maluwa obiriwira pinki, dziyeseni nokha mwayi.
Maluwa a aspiristra - chinthu chosazolowereka. Kunyumba kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Aspidistra amapanga maluwa a maluwa omwe amawoneka ngati nyenyezi, omwe amakula mwachindunji kuchokera ku rhizome, pakati pa mamba. Perian - yofiira, yofiirira-yofiirira. N'zotheka ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mapuloteni kuti apeze zipatso - zipatso zooneka ngati mapeyala.
Mukudziwa? Pansi pa chilengedwe, aspirist pollinates slugs ndi misomali.
Wopusitsa akuitanabe "mkazi wachitsulo", chifukwa ali ndi khalidwe lodzichepetsa komanso losavuta kunyumba, kapena "achibale" chifukwa masamba akukula kwambiri. Mmerawo ukhoza kukula popanda kumwa madzi nthawi zonse, umalola kuleza ndi kuzizira mthunzi.
Kuunikira
Popeza aspiristra imakula kuthengo m'nkhalango zotentha, ikhoza kukhutira ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala. Kuphatikiza apo, dzuwa likhoza kuwononga chomera mwa kuwotcha masamba ake.
Ambiri mwabwino, chomeracho chidzamverera kummawa - m'maŵa dzuŵa silili losiyana pano ndi moto woyaka. Ngati muli ndi aspiristra kumbali yakumwera, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira shading. Malo abwino a maluwa awa ndi mthunzi waung'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kuli kochepa pang'ono, aspiristra imataya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ake.
Aspidistra amafunikira kuyatsa bwino kokha m'nyengo yozizira, kotero amatha kuunikira kwina ndi nyali.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwapakati (+ 20 ... +22 ° C) kumakwanira aspiristre, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira n'kofunika kupanga zinthu zozizira kwambiri - + 12 ... +15 ° C. Kutentha kwakanthawi m'nyengo yozizira kumapangitsa kuti asapitistre apulumutsidwe nthawi yochepa kwambiri ndikupeza mphamvu zowonjezera tsamba.
M'chaka chilimbikitseni kuti "kuyenda" pa khonde, pamtunda kapena munda. Zidzakhala bwino kumva maluwa mumthunzi wa mitengo.
Mukudziwa? Ku Japan, masamba a aspidistra amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kupanga ikebana, ndipo kumadera a ku Ulaya amakonda kukula m'minda yamaluwa yozizira ndi kukongoletsa zipinda zodyeramo ndi malo okhala ndi dzuwa.
Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Kutchire, aspidistra imakonda nkhalango zowirira, ndipo kumudzi kwawo (Southeast Asia) pali mitundu pafupifupi zana. Koma imodzi yokha - aspiristra yapamwamba (Aspidistra elatior) - ikhoza kukula monga chophimba. The variegated aspidistra (Aspidistra Variegata) amaonedwa ngati fomu yotchuka kwambiri. Masamba ake amadziwika ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu, yoyera kapena kirimu pambali yamdima wobiriwira.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu
Monga tanenera kale, aspidistra salola kuleza ndi kutentha, kutentha, kutentha kwambiri. Pamene kutentha kumakhala kosavuta kumera kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa madzi, imayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse komanso mochulukira (nthawi yomweyo mvula imatuluka), ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imakhala yochepa (masiku angapo pambuyo pa topcoat). Kwa ulimi wothirira, gwiritsani ntchito mofewa, padera (osachepera tsiku) madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mumayaka pang'ono kapena mutenthetsa nthaka, aspiristra ikhoza kufa.
Sikoyenera kupopera mbewu, koma nyengo yotentha ndi yofunikira basi. Kuonjezerapo, ndi zofunika kupukuta masamba a aspiristra kangapo pa sabata ndi nsalu yonyowa - izi zimathandiza kwambiri kukula kwake.
Pamwamba kuvala aspiristra
Aspidistra amafunika kudyetsedwa pokhapokha nthawi yosamba - kuchokera pa April mpaka September. Panthawiyi, maluwa "abwenzi apamtima" ayenera kubereka kamodzi kamodzi pa masabata awiri aliwonse apadera ndi kuvala kwapadera kwazitsamba. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera siziyenera kudyetsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ma aspiristra omwe ali ndi masamba omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito sagwidwa konse - feteleza angapangitse tsamba kusungunuka.
Matenda ndi tizilombo ta aspiristra: momwe tingawachotsere
Nthawi zina ming'alu ing'onoing'ono imatha kuoneka pa masamba abwino a aspiristra - izi ndi zotsatira za feteleza. Pankhaniyi, kudyetsa kwaimitsidwa mpaka nyengo yotsatira.
Kuwonjezera pa matenda aspidistru Tizilombo zotsatirazi zingakhudze:
- kangaude;
- aphid;
- mphutsi;
- chikopa cha aspidistral.
Pali matenda owopsa - matenda a chlorosis. Mukawona kukula kochepa kwa aspiristra, kutentha kwa masamba komanso kusintha kwa mtundu wawo, chomera choyenera chiyenera kuwonongedwa.
Kwenikweni, kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha aspasistra ndi chifukwa cha zolakwitsa:
- Ngati nsonga za masamba zimasanduka bulauni, ndiye kuti malowa ndi owuma kwambiri. Ayenera kuwonjezera chinyezi.
- Ngati duwa limakula pang'onopang'ono, mwinamwake liribe nayitrogeni. Mukhoza kudyetsa aspidistra urea.
- Aspidistra amawomba ndi chikasu cha masamba amawonedwa - chomeracho chimasowa kuwala. Ngakhale, ngati masambawo amakhala achikasu, akhoza kukhala okalamba.
- Panali mabala a bulauni pamasamba - zotsatira za dzuwa lachindunji. Phika ayenera kusamukira ku malo ena.
- Ngati minofu yonse imayamba kufota ndi kutembenuka wakuda, izi zimasonyeza kupezeka kwa chinyezi. Ndikofunika kusintha chinyezi m'mlengalenga kumene aspidistra yakula, ndikusankha malamulo ena a momwe mungachitire madzi.
Mukudziwa? Aspidistra ndi chomera cholimba kwambiri moti ngakhale mu chipinda chodzaza utsi sichikhoza kufa kokha, komanso chimakhala pachimake.
Aspidistra kusuntha ndi kubereka
Kawirikawiri sikoyenera kubzala mbewu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kamodzi pa zaka 2-3. Kuonjezerapo, ngati aspiristra sichikuikidwa mu nthawi, ndiye kuti idzakula kwambiri kuti igawanike mphikawo.
Monga zomera zonse za kakombo, "mkazi wachitsulo" ali ndi mizu yotukuka. Choncho, pakuika zofunikira kuwona kuti mizu ya aspiristra inali yodzazidwa ndi nthaka.
"Iron Lady" imakula pang'onopang'ono: kwa chaka iye amawonjezera masamba 4-5 atsopano. Komabe, zokwawa zolimba zimatenga malo ambiri.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lake aspidistra limalandira kuchokera ku mawu akuti "aspiris" (njoka) ndi "tra" (pointer). Dzina limeneli ndilo chifukwa masamba a zomera akugwedezeka pamene njoka ikumwera pakati pawo ndikuchenjeza anthu za ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira.
Ngati aspiristra yakula, musanaisinthe, muyenera kusankha mtsuko wambiri ndikutsanulira madzi otentha pamwamba pake kapena kuika (chifukwa cha disinfection). Madzi amaikidwa pansi pa thanki (miyala, miyala yozungulira). Nthaka isanayambe iyenso imafunika kusungidwa bwino pochiza madzi osamba. 
Mukhoza kufalitsa nthawi yomweyo aspiristra ndi kuika
Ndikofunikira! Aspirator ayenera kubzalidwa mosiyana ndi maluwa ena - kotero izo ziwoneka zopindulitsa kwambiri.
Pofuna kuti aspiristra ikhale yolimba pa nthawi yobereka, kutentha kwa chipinda sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 18 ° C. Choncho, ndondomekoyi makamaka ikuchitika m'chaka. Komanso, pakuwunikira ndi kofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chinyezi chowonjezera - izi zingachititse mizu kuvunda. Manyowa kambewu kakang'ono sikanakhala koyambirira kuposa mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kuika.
Kodi aspidistra imabala komanso masamba. M'chilimwechi, tsamba limadulidwa popanda tsinde, zouma pang'ono ndikuyika mu chidebe cha galasi. Chidebecho chatsekedwa mwamphamvu kuti tipewe mpweya kulowa, ndikuyika m'chipinda chofunda bwino. Pambuyo pa mizu imaonekera pa pepala, idzabzalidwa pansi. Top sapling yokhala ndi mtsuko, kupanga mtundu wa wowonjezera kutentha.
Ndikofunikira! Mizu ingapereke gawo lokhalo la pepala.
Pakuti aspiristra ikhoza kubwera ndi dothi lonse, ndikudziphika nokha:
- Gawo 3 la sod, 1 gawo la mchenga, mbali zitatu za nthaka yowonongeka;
- Gawo 2 la nthaka, magawo 2 a nthaka, masamba awiri a humus nthaka, 1 gawo la mchenga;
- sod gawo - magawo awiri, nthaka ya peat - gawo limodzi, nthaka yothira - gawo limodzi, dothi la humus - gawo limodzi, mchenga wodulidwa - gawo limodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene kuikapo chidwi kwambiri kumayenera kulipidwa ku mizu - ngati chowonongeko aspiristra imasiya kukula kwake kwa nthawi yaitali.
Zothandiza zokhudzana ndi aspiristra
Kwa anthu a aspiristra kunyumba akhala akudziŵa za phindu lake. Lero, chomera ichi ndi mbali ya tizilombo zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda:
- Matenda a tizilombo kapena matenda opatsirana m'mimba;
- matenda;
- kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo;
- matonillitis ndi matonillitis;
- kuphwanya kwa msambo;
- njira yotupa ya njira yaubereki;
- khungu lowonongeka.
