Omwe alimi ambiri amakula pamasamba awo okhala ndi ma inflorescence akulu oyera kapena mtundu wa kirimu, wokhala ndi fungo labwino kosangalatsa. Ndi chifukwa cha fungo lomweli komanso lodziwika bwino lomwe lomwe chitsamba chimatchedwa jasmine. Koma kuchokera ku jasmine weniweni, mtengowo umakhala ndi fungo chabe, ndipo dzina lenileni la chitsamba ndi njenjete (philadelphus).
Terry jasmine: mafotokozedwe achidule, mbiri yakale
Chimodzi mwa mitundu ya lalanje wonyoza ndi terry jasmine, chomera chokongoletsera chotchuka cha mzere wofunda.
Terry munda jasmine ndi shrub wamtunda wamtchire, kukula kwake komwe kungafike mpaka 3 m kutalika, kudulidwa ndi woweta waku France chifukwa cha kuyesa ndi kunyoza komweko. Mitundu ya haibridi imadziwika ndi maluwa awiri, ofanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono otseguka. Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu - terry ndi semi-iwiri ndi inflorescence yayikulu kapena yaying'ono, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya petals, yomwe imakhudza terry ya maluwa.
Jasmine Munda (Chubushnik)
Zosangalatsa! Terry Chubushnik ndi wa banja la Gortenziev, ndi jasmine wochokera ku banja la Maslinov.
Nthawi ina kale, chubuki ndi pakamwa pakugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi osuta amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphukira zamera, motero dzina lonyodolalo linapatsidwa ku chitsamba. Chifukwa chogulitsa ntchito, mitundu yambiri ya terry jasmine idawerengedwa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jasmine yomwe ili ndi fungo labwino, siyabwino kwambiri kuposa jasmine weniweni, ndipo imatenga malo achitatu mwa fungo lokoma pambuyo poti limatuluka ndi lilac.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera, mitundu wamba
Mitundu yamtundu wa jasmine ndiyodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa chifukwa chokongoletsa. Pakati pa mitundu 60 yobereketsa, mitundu yambiri ndi iyi:
- Virginia;
- Glacier;
- Blizzard;
- Ermine Mantle;
- Shneeshturm;
- Minnesota chipale chofewa;
- Pyramidal;
- Kuwala kwa mwezi;
- Wovekedwa.
Zosangalatsa! Virginia ndi mtundu woyamba wa chomera chosakanizidwa chopangidwa ndi Lemoine zaka 100 zapitazo.
Virginia ndi shrub mpaka 3 mita wamtali wokhala ndi maluwa akulu. Maluwa amapezeka kawiri pachaka, malinga ndi chisamaliro chomera choyenera. Chizindikiro chosiyanitsa mitunduyo ndi kupezeka kwa kununkhira kwamphamvu, kolimba, komwe sikumakhala kwa mitundu ina ya terry kunyoza.
Sinthani Namwali
Glacier Zinthu zimawonekera mu inflorescence yayikulu (mpaka 1.5 m kutalika) kwa maluwa onunkhira. Chifukwa cha magulu ambiri amtunduwu, mbewuyi ili ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa. Pambuyo maluwa, ma inflorescence sawoneka, ndipo amachotsedwa kuthengo.
Blizzard. Chitsamba chambiri chomwe chimakula mosachepera Russian, chitakutidwa kwathunthu ndi maluwa oyera-oyera, zokumbukira matayala akutali kwambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti masamba adakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Blizzard
Chovala cha Ermine ndi zitsamba zingapo zotsika (mpaka 1,8 m kutalika) ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa, nthambi zotambalala zimakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa oyera otuwa ndi fungo labwino la sitiroberi.
Chubushnik Ermine Mantle
Schneyesturm ndi chitsamba chomera msanga chofikira 3 m, kutalika kwake, ndi miyala yofiyira yoyera, yotulutsa fungo lokhazika mtima pansi, pa mphukira zobowola.
Jasmine Schneysturm
Jasmine Minnesota chipale chofewa chimakula mpaka kutalika kwa mamita 2. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewuyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi ena onse ndi maluwa obiriwira oyera amtambo-oyera, omwe amatengedwa mumtengo wamitundu itatu.
Minnesota chipale chofewa
Pyramidal ndi mitundu yomwe shrub yake imafika kutalika kwa mamita atatu. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina yamaluwa mochedwa. Maluwa ali ndi khungu loyera ndi fungo labwino.
Chokwera piramidhi
Kuwala kwa mwezi kumadziwika ndi mitundu ingapo yaying'ono ya maluwa pom pomtulutsa fungo labwino, ndipo masamba akuwoneka kuti akuwala pakuwala kwa mwezi, motero mitundu iyi idatchedwa dzina.
Munda Jasmine Mwezi
Ubwino wopindulitsa korona ndi malo apinki pakati pa duwa, maluwa nthawi zambiri samakhala pawiri, koma akulu komanso ndi fungo lamphamvu.
Duwa la Mockworm
Jasmine dimba: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Chubushnik ndi chomera chosasinthika ndipo wolima m'munda wina aliyense angayambitse kupirira kubzala komanso kusamalira chisamba chokongoletsera, kutsatira malamulo angapo aulimi.
Tikufika
Choyamba, muyenera kusankha malo abwino obzala mmera. Chomera chimakonda malo abwino. Mukadzabzala mumthunzi, maluwa ake amakhala ochepa komanso amafupikitsa. Chitsamba sichimakonda dothi louma, chifukwa chake muyenera kusamalira ngalande zochokera ku njerwa zosweka kapena miyala. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso lolemera mukuthira manyowa.
Zambiri! Terry chubushnik sakonda malo okhala ndi madzi okhala ndi tebulo lalikulu lamadzi. Poterepa, mizu yazomera imayamba kuvunda.
Kubzala Jasmine ndikusamalira pansanja kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera kotsitsa dzenje m'lifupi ndi kuya kwa theka la mita. Pansi pa dzenje anagona dambo ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi 30 g wa nitroammophos. Mbande zibzalidwe bwino, ndikusintha mizu yake. Nthaka imakonkhedwa pamwamba, yaying'ono ndi kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Pambuyo pa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch muzu woyambira ndi peat wosanjikiza kuti mukhalebe chinyezi. Kuphukira kapena koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yabwino kubzala zokongoletsera zokongoletsa.
Kubzala mmera pansi
Kusamalira mbewu
Terry jasmine sakhala wopanda phindu pakuchoka, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse chinyezi chambiri, ndikudyetsa pafupipafupi ndi michere ndi michere, komanso machitidwe oyera komanso osintha. Njira zoyenera:
- Kuthirira. Madzi othirira amayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikuwotha. Ndondomeko yothirira: osaposa nthawi ziwiri pa sabata, ndipo kuthirira 1 kokha pa sabata ndikokwanira. Pa kuthirira kamodzi kwathunthu, shrub wamkulu amafunika malita 20-30 amadzi. Kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira kungayambitse chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana.
- Kupalira. Chitani mozungulira chomera chokongoletsera ngati chikufunika, ndikuchotsa namsongole. Mulching imachitika kangapo pamwaka. Njira imeneyi imateteza dothi kuti lisaume.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Imachitika kokha mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala mosabisa. Feteleza wachilengedwe (manyowa) ndi feteleza wam'migodi (superphosphates, potaziyamu sulfate ndi urea) amafunika kuti maluwa azikhala moperewera kwa chakudya chomera.
- Kudulira. Kudulira mwaukhondo kumachitika chaka chilichonse kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, masamba akale, owuma, ofooka ndi maluwa onse osokonekera amachotsedwa. Kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, kudulira kotsutsa kumachitika, kudula pafupifupi nthambi zonse. Kudulira kokongoletsera ndikofunikira kuti apange korona ndikupereka mawonekedwe abwino kwa mbewu.
Zofunika! Pambuyo pokonza tchire, mabatani onse atsopano samatenthedwa ndi mitundu yaminda kuti aletse matenda, matenda ndi tizirombo.
Kuyesa nthabwala ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chisamaliro
Kusamalira Terry jasmine m'nyengo yozizira
Simungadandaule za zitsamba zachikulire za jasmine m'nyengo yozizira, monga mbewuyo ndi ya mitundu yosagwira chisanu. Pang'onopang'ono posachedwa posachedwa nyengo ya masika, chilichonse chimachotsedwa. Chipale chambiri chikamatirira nthambi, ziyenera kugwedezeka mosamala kuti nthambi zisasweke.
Zomera zazing'ono zobzalidwa nyengo ino zimafunikira kukonzekera bwino chisanu. Ndikofunika kutenthetsa mizu ndi peat, kompositi kapena dothi, ndikumangirira chitsamba chokha ndikuchiphimba ndi agrofibre kapena burlap.
Kukonzekeretsa tchire nthawi yachisanu
Ena wamaluwa ku Europe nyengo amakonda kukula yozizira maluwa osiyanasiyana jasmine - holoflower. Chomera chokonda kuzizira ichi chimasangalatsa maluwa ake ngakhale mawonekedwe asanaonekere kuyambira pakati pa dzinja mpaka pakati pa kasupe, ndichifukwa chake adalandira dzinali.
Njira zofotokozera maluwa
Wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo kupangira mitundu yomwe amakonda yokongoletsa:
- magawo;
- kugawa chitsamba;
- kudula;
- mbewu.
Ndikosavuta kupeza chomera chatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zikamera mchaka chambiri kumakula achinyamata ambiri kuzungulira chitsamba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka.
Zindikirani! Tchire imatha kufalikira pangozigawa m'magawo awiri ndi kuwabzala pamalo okhazikika.
Pofalitsa ndi odulidwa, mphukira zazing'ono ndi zamtambo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zodulidwa zobiriwira zakonzedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, kuwabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndikudula malowo kukonzekereratu, masamba atagwa, kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti muzuwo uchitike mu April. Kuchulukitsa kwa mbewu sikumachitika kunyumba, chifukwa ndi njira yovuta, ndipo maluwa mu mbewu zotere azitha kuwonekera mchaka cha 8.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Terry jasmine ndi chomera cholimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Tchire likuyenerabe kuyeserera kupezeka kwa majeremusi (ma aphid, weevils, akangaude) pofuna kupewa. Izi zikawoneka ngati zoseketsa, ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Popewa, jasmine amapopera mankhwala nthawi ya masika ndi sopo wochapa. Njira yobwezeretsa sipatula mawonekedwe a matenda ndi tizirombo pa duwa.
Chitsamba chonyansa
Terry Chubushnik ndiosavuta kumera payekha, izi zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito popanga dimba. Ndikokwanira kusankha mitundu yoyenera mwanyengo inayake, kusamalira bwino chomera, kenako jasmine amathokoza ndi maluwa okongola nyengo yonseyo.
