Balsamu yonyamula zitsulo, zowonjezera kapena zowonjezera (zosayembekezereka) zimasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina. Ndi chomera chamtchire chochiritsa katundu.
Maluwawo amakula pakhomo lachilimwe, kumanga mipanda ndi kukongoletsa mipanda.
Werengani zambiri za chiyambi cha maluwa, za momwe mubzala ndi kusamalira, komanso za mankhwala a zomera ndi ntchito yake ya mankhwala, werengani nkhani yathu.
Chiyambi ndi Ndemanga
Kunja kwa balsamic iron - Himalaya. Iyo inabweretsedwa ngati chomera chokongola. Chigawo chogawidwa ndi nkhalango zowonongeka. Osauka amakula pamtsinje wa mtsinje mumdima, m'malo amdima.
Mafuta a basamu - chaka ndi chaka, kufika kutalika kwa mamita 2. Mphukira ndi yosalala, kufika mpaka 50 cm m'litali, nthambi yachitsulo. Masamba ndi mitundu ya ovate-lanceolate, yosalala ndi yowala, kuyambira 6 mpaka 12 cm kutalika. Mizu ndi fibrous.
Dzina lakuti "maluwa" otengedwa maluwa chifukwa cha mankhwala obiridwa (glands), omwe ali pamunsi mwa tsamba la masamba.
Maonekedwe ndi chithunzi
Mafuta a basamu amadziwika ndi masamba omwe ali ndi mapiri a toothed ndi mapiko a mapiko. Pamunsi mwa mapepala muli mapira awiri ofiira ophwanyika. Zomera zazomera:
- Maluwa ophweka mosavuta pa peduncles yaitali.
- Inflorescences amasonkhanitsidwa ku axillary kukongoletsera ngaya, momwe 2 mpaka 14 maluwa.
- Mzere wa maluwawo ndi masentimita 3-3.5.
- Maluwa kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu.
Maluwa mu basamu a ferrous okhala ndi magawo awiri ndi chikho. Mabala amachokera ku zoyera kupita ku vinyo wofiira. Kumva - koonda komanso kovuta. Chipatso ndi bokosi, lakuthwa pamwamba. Chomeracho ndi chotheka ndipo chimagawidwa kwambiri. M'munsimu mukhoza kuona chithunzi cha basamu:
Mankhwala ndi ntchito zamankhwala
Malemba a basamu a basamu a basamu sanaphunzirepo. Pa nthawi ya maluwa liri ndi kuchuluka kwa ascorbic asidi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza chimfine. Masamba ndi zimayambira zimadzaza:
- Zosamba.
- Alkaloids.
- Flavonoids.
- Glycosides ndi zigawo zina.
Kulumikizana m'magulu ena, sigmasterol, mowa wambiri, carotene ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Mbewu ndi mafuta oposa 60%.
Mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala a basamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati ndi kunja: kupanga ma decoctions, tinctures.
Kukhudzidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana:
- Impso miyala.
- Mabala opunduka ndi zilonda.
- Rheumatism.
- Gout
- Matenda a shuga.
Mankhwala a basamu amafalikira mwatsopano. Asayansi asonyeza kuti mankhwala omwe amaphatikizapo kusaleza mtima amachititsa kuti mitsempha yambiri ya mtima ikhale yovuta komanso imachepetsa dongosolo la mitsempha.
Zotsatira zofika
Popeza balsamu yachangu imakula, imakula pokhapokha. Mavuto a chipinda sichimangidwe.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Webusaitiyi iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yoyaka bwino pakati pa theka la tsikulo, ndipo mu theka lachiwiri kuti apereke chomera mthunzi. Sankhani malo otetezedwa ku mphepo ndi zojambulajambula, pafupi ndi zomwe palibe mitengo yayikulu ndi zitsamba zazikulu.
Nthaka
Dziko lapansi siliyenera kukhala lodzaza ndi feteleza. Apo ayi, zobiriwira zimakula, koma osati inflorescences. Pakuti balsamine si yoyenera kwambiri lotayirira dothi.
Kukonzekera nthaka yabwino, yosakanizidwa mu magawo ofanana:
- Kompositi
- Humus.
- Perlite.
- Dziko la Sod.
Dothi losakaniza liyenera kukhala lochepa pang'ono.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji?
Mafuta a basamu ndi thermophilic. Nthaŵi yobzala imadza pamene palibe zoopseza za chisanu usiku - mu June. Ngati zomera zingapo zikaikidwa pa kama, zimakhala mtunda wa masentimita 25 pakati pawo.
Chisamaliro
Kuthirira
Amasowa kukonda chinyezi, koma pamene kudula mizu kumawonongeka. Izi zimabweretsa matenda. Mukamwetsa mutsata malamulo awa:
- Moisten monga dothi ladothi (dothi 1 nthawi patsiku, 1 nthawi pa masiku awiri ozizira).
- Thupi siliyenera kugwera pa masamba.
- Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa okhazikika.
Musalole gawo lapansi kuti liume. Kutentha kwa mabalsam kukufunika madzi ambiri. Chilala chidzayamba kugwa masamba ndi masamba.
Feteleza
Dyetsani zomera nthawi zonse pa chitukuko ndi maluwa. Mu kukula kwa feteleza ndi mchere 1 nthawi mu masiku khumi. Pakati pa nyengo ya feteleza, feteleza osakanizidwa sagwiritsidwe ntchito - izi zidzakhudza maluwa. Zomera zimafuna potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa autumn imani kudya.
Mfundo zofunika
Kutalikitsa maluwa nthawi ya balsam ferruginous ndi kusunga ake kukongola, kuchotsa zotaya maluwa mapesi. Mitsuko yazitali kuti zithandize kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano.
Pamene chiyambi cha chisanu, chimanga chimayikidwa mu mphika kapena kubala mizu yazing'ono zachitsulo chifukwa chodzala chaka chamawa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mukamwa mowa kwambiri, mafuta a basamu a chitsulo amakhudzidwa ndi zovunda zakuda. Izi ndi matenda a fungal omwe mawanga a imvi ndi mabala a bulauni amawonekera pa masamba. Ngati palibe kanthu kamene kamatengedwa, mbewuyo idzafa. Chithandizo:
- Malo okhudzidwa amachotsedwa, magawo amathandizidwa ndi makala.
- Maluwawo amapangidwa ndi fungicides: Mzere, Mzere kapena mkuwa sulphate.
Ndi kutentha kwanthaŵi yaitali, mawanga wakuda amawoneka pa mphukira - bacteriosis. Kulimbana ndi matenda pogwiritsa ntchito chida cha Alirin.
Kukula kwa basamu yachonde, amalima amaluwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mavuto angapo:
- Kupanda maluwa chifukwa chouma panthaka.
- Bud akugwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mpweya. Zomera zimagwedezeka ndi kupopedwa.
- Kupuma kwa magazi kumayambitsa kupanda kuwala.
- Kukoka mphukira, kusowa kwa maluwa kumasonyeza kusowa kwa feteleza.
Pamunda uzikonzekera kuti zomera za balsamic ziwonongeke ndi tizilombo towononga:
- Kangaude mite
- Nsabwe za m'masamba.
- Whitefly.
Pochotseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timapepala timapatsidwa njira yothetsera sopo (20 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi) ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ngati zilonda zili zazing'ono, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ochizira: tincture wa calendula, yarrow, chitsamba chowawa, adyo.
Zinthu zoberekera
Mankhwala osakanikirana amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi zipatso.
Thandizo Balsamu imapereka zochulukitsa, ndipo chifukwa cha izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala udzu.
Kuti mupeze zokolola za mbewu kunyumba, yesetsani kuchita izi:
- Konzani bokosi ndi nthaka.
- Ikani mbewu mu nthaka yonyowa. Nthaka siyiwaza.
- Chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi pulasitiki kapena galasi kuti apange nyengo yotentha.
- Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande, galasi kapena filimu imachotsedwa.
Mbande zimayikidwa pamunda pamene nyengo yofunda imalowa. Mbande analimbikitsa kutseka filimuyi. Kuti maluwa azitsatira kunja kwa zinthu, polyethylene imachotsedwa, pang'onopang'ono ikukula nthawi yomwe mbande imakhala mlengalenga.
Chifukwa cha cuttings kuchokera ku basamu wa chaka chimodzi, mukhoza kupanga osatha. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe, mphukira yamapiko ya mbewu ya makolo imadulidwa. Kudula kumayikidwa mu madzi oundana kapena m'madzi. Pamene mizu ikuwonekera, maluwawo amaikidwa mu chidebe ndi gawo lapadera. Pambuyo pa chiopsezo cha chisanu, chomera champhamvu chimabzalidwa m'munda.
Kufalitsa ndi cuttings ikuchitika osati m'chilimwe, komanso mu autumn. Ili ndi njira yabwino yowonjezeramo zokongoletsera zokongola pa chiwembu.
Choncho, balsamu yamtunduwu ndi nthumwi yokonda kutentha kwa zomera za kumwera. Chomera sichiri chosowa muchisamaliro. Kuwonjezera pa zokongoletsera, maluwawo akuchiritsa katundu. Zimathandizira kumenyana ndi nthendayi, nthendayi ndi matenda ena. Mwala wogwiritsa ntchito firimu - mitundu yobiriwira. Koma amafunikira kusamala bwino m'munda.
