Primrose kwa mbewu - kukula, malangizo ndi zidule

Kukula pang'ono kwa mbewu ndi bizinesi yovuta komanso siyabwino. Muyenera kuyesetsa kuti mupeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Olima dimba amatha kubzala maluwa okongola.

Zabwino ndi zoyipa za kukula kwa mbewu ya primrose

M'malo ogulitsa maluwa chaka chonse mungagule primrose yamtundu uliwonse. Maluwa ambiri pachaka amagulitsidwa. Kuti mukule chomera chamuyaya pamalowo, gwiritsani ntchito njere. Wautali komanso wopweteka. Ubwino ndikupeza mbande zolimba wathanzi. Zoyipa:

• Mbeu zomwe zimasungidwa bwino zimatha kutaya ndi 45%;
• njira yodziyimira ndi yofunika;
• zimatenga nthawi mpaka chomera cham'mera chikakula.

Kukula primrose kunyumba

Momwe mungasungire ndikusankha mbewu

Zida zamtengo wapamwamba ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zikule bwino. Pogula pendani chisanu cha chisanu. Yang'anirani nthawi yakukhazikitsa. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kumakope achaka chino. Zogula zofunikira zimafunikira kulumikizidwa. Momwe mungabzalire primrose pambewu zatsopano:

1. Zomera zikangolowa pachimera, sankhani peduncle yolimba ndikusiya mpaka mbewuzo zipse.
2. Kutengera mtundu wa primrose, mbewuzo ndizoyenera kubzala pofika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Zouma ndikuwaza papepala loyera kapena chopukutira.
3. Mbeu zosonkhanitsidwa zimabzalidwa nthawi yachisanu mwachindunji pa maluwa.

Kusungidwa kwa njere zosungidwa kapena zogulidwa

Njira yolerera mbewu ndizovuta kuyitsatira. Masika asanaphuke, kumera kumachulukitsidwa ngakhale kusungidwa bwino, ndipo nthawi yamera imachulukanso. Mbewu zimasungidwa pamalo abwino. Kutentha kwa chipinda +20 ℃ - kwambiri.

Primrose kuchokera ku mbewu, kulima, upangiri wa akatswiri wamaluwa angakuthandizeni kudziwa zatsopano zatsopano. Kubzala nyengo yachisanu ndikofunikira. Ngati mwayi watayika, mbewuyo imabalalika m'matumba a pepala, ikani pabalaza la firiji kapena mufiriji.

Kodi kubzala mbewu za primrose

Mbewu sizimamera kawirikawiri mpaka masika. Pachifukwachi, amafesedwa nthawi yozizira, mu February kapena khumi oyambira a Marichi. Chololedwa kubzala mbande kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira (Okutobala-Novemba). Poterepa, mbewu zimaphuka kale.

Kubzala Mbewu za Primrose

Primrose, kuyika pabedi la maluwa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo, matalala atasungunuka. Choyamba chimafesedwa mumphika kapena chidebe, chomwe chimakonkhedwa ndi nthaka. Kusamalira pafupipafupi ndikofunikira, chifukwa kupukuta nthaka kukhoza kuvulaza mbande. Zomera zimamera pachaka chotsatira.

Zomwe zimachitika pofesa chilimwe

Kubzala kwa chilimwe kumachitika mukangotula nthangala. Mbewu zambiri za chilimwe zimalekerera bwino nthawi yozizira. Chipale chikasungunuka, timaphuka ndi masamba 2-3 amatuluka, pomwe mbewu zamphamvu, zopambana zimamera.

Kubzala yophukira kufesa pamaluwa wamaluwa ndikotheka ndi kuzizira kwa dziko lapansi. Ochita maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi mbewu zomwe mbewu zake zimafunikira kuzizira. Zoyala zamitundu ina mwa mitundu imeneyi zimabzalidwa nthawi yozizira:

• osasunthika;
• polyanthus;
• mkulu primrose hybrids.

Kukonzekera koyamba

Primrose amatchedwa primrose, chifukwa ndi amodzi mwa oyamba kutulutsa pamalowo. Toni ndi serratus primrose petals zimawonekera ndi kuyamba kwa masika. Kukonzekera kutsitsa kumaphatikizapo:

• kusankha bwino mbewu kutengera nyengo;
• kufesa nthawi yake;
• kusankha zida zofesa;
• kukonza nthaka.

Kuti mukule mbande zolimba, muyenera kuchita mosamala pokonzekera.

Kusankha kontena ndi kuwonongeka

Zopendekera zosakwanira ndizoyenera kubzala:

• mapiritsi
• magalasi apulasitiki;
• miphika ya peat;
• mitengo yamatabwa.

Chachikulu ndi kupezeka kwa mabowo okwirira mu zotengera kuti chinyezi chisasunthike. Zimayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu ndikuthandizira kukulitsa matenda a fungus. Asanabzale, zotengera zimakhala ndi zoteteza ku matenda: zimatsukidwa ndi madzi a rose ndi potaziyamu permanganate kapena njira yothetsera fungicidal.

Mapiritsi a peat ndi osavuta chifukwa mbande sizifunikira kukokedwa

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Mutha kugula malo azomera zamaluwa kapena kukonzanso dothi nokha. Dothi lomwe limagulidwa ndi opanga odziwika kale limatetezedwa kale. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito dothi lamasamba, njira yothetsimira imafunikira. Kodi kukula primrose?

Ma proilers amafunikira gawo lapansi, lopangidwa ndi:

• munda wamunda;
• humus kapena peat;
• mchenga wabwino.

Tetezani dothi pansi:

• scalding ndi madzi otentha ndi potaziyamu permanganate kapena phytosporin;
• kuphika pa pepala kuphika;
• chithandizo cha utsi;
• kukhudzidwa kuzizira kwa sabata limodzi.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Mbewu zimathandizidwa zisanafesedwe. Sungani 3% yankho la hydrogen peroxide kwa osaposa mphindi 3, mutakhala mutakulungidwa mu nsalu. Kuwononga matenda kumachitika pofuna kuteteza mbande kumatenda ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.

Pang'onopang'ono njira yobzala mbewu za primrose mbande kunyumba

Musanabzale, werengani malangizo pa ma CD. Pompo, monga lamulo, zikuwonetsedwa momwe amafesera primrose ndi mbewu:

1. Nthaka yokonzedwayo imathiridwa madzi ndi madzi kotero kuti magalasi owonjezera amadzimadzi kudzera m'makina oyendetsera madzi.
2. Mbewuyo imathiridwa pach chopukutira chopyapyala. Pindani pakati ndikuwaza pansi.
3. Amanyowetsa mbewuzo ndi msuzi komanso kuwonjezera kwa othandizira fungicidal: Vitaros kapena Maxim. Mankhwala amasintha chomera cha nkhungu spores.
4. Valani mbewu ndi cellophane kapena galasi.

Momwe mungabzala primrose pamapiritsi a peat? Samateteza matenda. Fesani njere mumtsinje wosaya ndi madzi. Mapiritsiwo amayamba kunyowa, amakula kukula ndipo amakhala okonzeka kufesa.

Chomera cha Primrose chomwe mbewu zake ndizochepa kwambiri

Primrose mbewu stratation

Ogwira maluwa akuti mbewu zambiri zimafunikira stratation (kuzizira kozizira). Kupatula ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zoyambirira wamba, komanso mitundu yosakanizidwa.

Frosty stratation

Mbewu zimasanjidwa mu kutentha kwa kuzizira:

1. Potere, mbewu zimangoyikidwa m'dothi louma pamtunda wapamwamba, osagona ndi chilichonse, ngakhale mchenga wowala. Amakankhidwira pang'ono m'nthaka ndi chikwangwa kapena mano.
2. Mbewu sizipoperedwa, kuphimba chidebe ndi cellophane kapena galasi ndikutuluka kuzizira. Ndikofunika kubisala mu chipale chofewa.
3. Ngati sizotheka, ikani mufiriji kwa mwezi umodzi (masabata awiri).

Kuyambitsa kuziziritsa kwamphepo kapena popanda mbeu yoyambirira

Njira yakuumitsa mbewuyi imathandizira kumera, koma mwayi wopambana ndi wotsika kuposa ndi kuzizira. Pali njira ziwiri:

• mbewu zisanatulutse pansi;
• zofesedwa mwachindunji mu dothi; woyamba amakhala ofunda, kenako nkusamutsa kuzizira.

Ndi akuwuluka

Mbewu zoyamba zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi chofukizira wamba chotsuka:

1. Siponji imatsitsidwa mumadzimadzi, imapanikizidwa pang'ono, mbewu imabalalika, kuphimba ndi siponji yofanana kuchokera kumtunda.
2. Amakulunga mu cellophane, amatumiza ku alumali kwa firiji ndikuisunga kumeneko masiku 7.
3. Musanatumize kuzizira, ikani chinkhupule ndi nthanga m'malo otentha kwa masiku atatu ndipo pokhapokha kuzizira.

Mbewu zamadzi zimayikidwa panthaka yonyowa osazikakamiza. Phimbani ndi cellophane yomveka.

Popanda kuwuluka

Zida za mbewu zimayikidwa ponyowa pang'onopang'ono, zimakutidwa ndi filimu, zimakhala zotentha kwa masiku 5 mpaka mbewu zitatupa. Osadikirira kuti mphukira ziwoneke, zimayikidwa mufiriji ndikusungidwa mpaka mphukira yoyamba. Pambuyo pake imasamutsidwa mchipinda.

Kufesa popanda kuwiritsa

Kusamalira mbewu

Kutentha kwam'mimba koyenera ndi 16-18 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro. Zowunikira ziyenera kusankhidwa kutengera mitundu ya primroses. Mukuwala kwamera:

• hybrids;
• primrose wamba, Japan;
• pinki, florinda;
• pubescent.

Dzuwa lolunjika limakhala ndi zoyipa. Siebold, wamtondo ndi wamtali, amatuluka mumdima. Amakutidwa ndi kanema wakuda. Mphukira mawonekedwe mu masiku 8-10. Nthawi yomweyo amayang'anitsitsa momwe dothi liliri:

• Kuyanika, komanso kuthilira madzi, ndi koopsa.
• Galasi kapena kanema amatsegulidwa pang'ono kuti mphukira zoyambayo zizolowere mpweya. Tsegulani zotengera pambuyo pa masabata awiri.
• Mbande zimamera pang'onopang'ono. Mphepo zamphamvu zikauka, mufunika kuwala kowala kwambiri. Pansi pa dzuwa mwachindunji, mbewu zimafa.

Chiwembu ndi mawu osankha mbande ya primrose

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mbande zathanzi ndikulanda. Popeza mizu yake ndi yotakata, imathandiza pakusinthana kwa mpweya, komwe mizu imalandira ikamatsika. Maluwa amalekerera kupendekera mosavuta. Gawo lakuwoneka ngati tsamba 1, mbande zamphamvu ndizoyenda pansi nthawi yoyamba. Zomera zobzalidwa mosamala m'mbale zazing'ono, makamaka makaseti.

Primrose kutsamira kawiri

Pambuyo pa mbira, mbande zimamera mwachangu. Kukula mbande kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuti pofika nthawi yachiwiri kulowa mumsewu, nyengo yofunda imakhazikitsidwa, popanda kusiyana usiku kutentha ndi usana. Mbande zimatengedwa kupita mumsewu. Pamalo okhazikika, maluwa amabzalidwa chaka chachiwiri.

Kuyika mbande za primrose poyera

Zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa pamalowa popanda chiwopsezo chachikulu cha chisanu chamadzulo. Kutentha kwa masana sikuyenera kugwera pansi +10 ℃. Kodi kubzala primrose?

Ngati mbande zazing'ono zimasungidwa pamsewu, sizifunikira kuumitsa, mosiyana ndi mbande zomwe zikulira kunyumba. Zomera zazing'ono zimazolowera pang'onopang'ono zochitika mumsewu, zimatenga mpweya sabata imodzi kuti zibzale pamalowo. Zomera zimafuna dongo losavuta ndi mthunzi.

Amakumba dzenje, limodzi ndi mtanda wa dothi, amatulutsa chomera mu chidebe ndikuzika

Malangizo ndi zidule zakukula kwa primrose kwa njere

Kukula kwa primrose kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba kumalola tekinoloji yoyenera ya ulimi. Mukabzala, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yogulidwa mbande. Ili ndi zofunikira zonse za kufufuza.

Kuti mbewu zimere, mizu imafunika mpweya wambiri. Malo omwe ali ndi michere yambiri umatha kuwononga mizu:

• Kuti izi zisachitike, alimi odziwa bwino amawonjezera perlite, vermiculite m'nthaka yomwe idagulidwa. Ndi agroperlite, mizu imapumira mosavuta. Vermiculite imalepheretsa kupangika kwa kutumphuka padziko lapansi, kumathandizira mwayi wofikira kumizu.
• Mukabzala mbewu za primrose kwa mbande, chinyengo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: nthaka ikakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, mbewu imayikidwa pamwamba. Ndi madzi kuchokera ku chisanu chosungunuka, mbewu imalowa pansi.
• Mukathirira mbande zazing'ono, ndikosavuta kuti zisaswe ndi madzi, ngakhale kuchokera ku botolo la utsi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mphukira kuchokera ku syringe popanda singano.

Kugwirizana ndiukadaulo waulimi kumathandiza kukulitsa primrose kuchokera ku mbewu m'nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Chikhalidwe chikukula mwachangu ndipo chimayimira maluwa ake opepuka. Kuti mupeze mtengo wathanzi, yang'anirani boma la kuthirira ndikupanga michere.