Plumeria (Plumeria) ndi mtengo wachilendo, mbadwa ku Central America, Mexico, ndi ku Caribbean. Chomeracho chimadziwika ndi dzina lake kwa botanist wa ku France chotchedwa Plumyier wotsiriza. Chipinda cha Plumeria chimatchedwanso frangipani. Ambiri amalima maluwa amadziŵa kuti dzina limeneli linayambitsidwa ndi munthu wina wa ku Italy wofukiza zonunkhira, amene anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito plumeria, kapena frangipani, popanga zodzoladzola.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta ofunika kwambiri a plumeria, kapena frangipani, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa perfumery, komanso m'makampani ophika.Mu chilengedwe, kutalika kwa plumeria kungathe kufika mamita 1.5-3. Waukulu mwayi wa zomera izi inflorescences wa maluwa aakulu 5-10 masentimita awiri ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri. Maluwa ali ndi zipilala zisanu kapena kuposera zosiyana - zochokera zoyera ndi zachikasu zofiira ndi multicolor. Maluwa m'mikhalidwe yabwino ndi yaitali komanso yochuluka. Plumeria ikhoza kusungidwa kunyumba. Chofunikira chachikulu kuti chisamalire bwino pa nkhaniyi ndicho kusungira kutentha ndi kuyatsa.
Kudula cuttings
Plumeria ikhoza kufalitsidwa. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kukula kwa plumeria kuchokera ku cuttings, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsetsa njira za kubalana: pamene mungapange, momwe mungasankhire ndi kudula cuttings, momwe mungasamalire plumeria cuttings.
Nthawi yoti adule
Mitengoyi imapangidwa makamaka nthawi yomwe zomera zimapumula - izi ndi nthawi yophukira ndi yozizira, koma mungasankhe nthawi ina yomwe ili yabwino kwa inu.
Popeza plumeria ndi chomera kuchokera ku mayiko otentha, Kupeza mizu yozembera bwino ndikofunika kuti pakhale malo otentha ndi dothi. Pachifukwa ichi, kutentha kwapang'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito - mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yozizira - betri yomwe yodulidwayo imayikidwa pa nsalu yoyera.
Choyenera kukhala
Zidutswa zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera pamwamba pa chomera, siziyenera kukhala zobiriwira, komanso zowuma, zakuda. Kale mizu ya cuttings ikukula ndikukula mofulumira kwambiri, kotero kuti kukula kwake kwa cuttings ndi 25 cm.
Mukudziwa? Sopo ndi Kuwonjezera kwa plumeria mafuta ali ndi zotsutsa-zotupa komanso zolimbikitsa katundu.
Momwe mungadulire
Mphalawu umadulidwa pa ngodya ya madigiri 45. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowongolera (mpeni kapena pruner) pa izi. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mizu chimapangidwa ndi malo akuluakulu a chomera. Mdulidwe uyenera kukhala wosalala ndi waukhondo, ndipo uyeneranso kukonzedwa.
Dothi losakaniza kulima
Olima amalima ayenera kudziwa momwe angathandizire mizu plumeria, zomwe nthaka zimathandizira cuttings kukula mofulumira. Pofuna kuti mizu ikhale mizu yabwino, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga wambiri, kapena chisakanizo cha zomera zokoma ndi mchenga kapena perlite, zomwe zidzasunga chinyezi. Zonsezi zigawo zimatengedwa mofanana. Nthaka ya plumeria kwa chitetezo chokonzeka cha kale mizu ya cuttings ikhoza kukonzekera, Kugwirizana ndi maonekedwe oterowo:
- Magawo awiri;
- Gawo limodzi la humus;
- Gawo limodzi la peat;
- Gawo limodzi la mchenga.
Kusankha Mphika
Chifukwa chodzala cuttings wa plumeria, ndibwino kuti musankhe mphika waukulu ndi mmphepete, chifukwa chomera chimakula pansi pazifukwa zabwino. Ndi bwino kupatsa makina opangidwa ndi pulasitiki, chifukwa mzuwu ukhoza kukula m'makoma a dothi kapena kapu ya ceramic.
Ndikofunikira! Mphika mphamvu ya malita 2-3 adzakhala opambana pa kubzala cuttings.
Processing ndi kukonzekera cuttings
Masamba, ngati ali pa tsinde la plumeria, achotsedwa. Maluwa akhoza kusiya. An oblique kudula ndi mankhwala ndi wapadera mizu kukula stimulant. Mwachitsanzo, mungagwiritse ntchito "Kornevin". Muyeneranso kuphimba podula ndi fungicide kapena makala amkuwa kuti muteteze kudula. Pambuyo pake, cuttings ayenera kuuma kwa masiku osachepera 14. Pachifukwa ichi ndi bwino kusankha chipinda chozizira bwino.
Ngati mukuphwanya zochitika zokolola kapena zosungirako podula, mukupezabe zizindikiro zowola, mukhoza kusinthira mdulidwe ndi kuuma kudula. Apo ayi, mutabzala chidutswa choterocho chidzavunda mwamsanga.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito cuttings, zomwe zakhala zouma kwa masabata ambiri, chifukwa chodzala ndi kuzungulira mizu.
Kubzala cuttings pansi
Chigawo choyamba ndi chofunikira mu chomera chodzala plumeria cuttings ndi madzi, chifukwa chinyezi chochuluka chimayambitsa zomera. Kenaka tsitsani magawo awiri oyambirira a dothi: chisakanizo cha mchenga wonyezimira komanso mchenga kapena perlite. Mu nthaka ndi ndodo ya matabwa muyenera kupanga dzenje lomwe limadulidwa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuya kwakukulu kuyenera kuonetsetsa kuti kulimbika kwake, kuya kwake - pafupifupi masentimita 10. Ngati kuli kotheka, chithandizocho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Gawo lachitatu la nthaka limatulutsidwa kuchokera pamwamba, kubwereza pansi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito - kutanthauza kuti ndilopadera kwasakaniza (zomera zomwe zimabweretsa chinyezi).
Zomwe zimabzala zipatso
Miphika ndi anabzala cuttings ayenera kukhala ofunda chipinda ndi kuwala kowala. Wapamwamba mpweya kutentha - ili nthawi yochokera ku +24 mpaka + 28 degrees Celsius. Kutentha kwapansi pansi kwa akasinja kumathamangitsa kwambiri chitukuko cha mizu yambiri. Ngati kuyatsa sikukwanira chifukwa cha nyengo kapena nyengo yozizira, ndizomveka kupereka kuyatsa kwina ndi nyali za fulorosenti, zomwe siziyenera kukhala pansi pa 30-40 Watts.
Kutsekemera kuyenera kuchitika pamene dothi liuma. Kuthirira moyenera kumayenera kupeŵa.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi a plumeria ali ndi poizoni, ngati amakhudzana ndi khungu, ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi ambiri ndi sopo.
Chisamaliro cha omwe anabzala cuttings
Ndondomekoyi imatenga miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Pamene masamba oyambirira akuwonekera pa cuttings, mukhoza kuyamba pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera madzi okwanira a plumeria, ndipo kenako muyenera kusamutsa chomeracho ku chidebe chachikulu. Ngati maluwa akuwoneka kuchokera ku masamba omwe anaikidwa mu cuttings, ndi bwino kudula kuti apereke mphamvu zowonjezereka ndi chinyezi ku mizu ya chitukuko choyambirira. M'tsogolomu, mukhoza kusamalira plumeria ngati chomera chachikulu.
Mukudziwa? Plumeria ndi chitukuko chabwino ndi chisamaliro chidzayamba kuphulika chimodzimodzi kapena chaka chamawa. Komabe, chizindikiro chachikulu cha rooting cuttings si maluwa, koma maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira.
Plumeria amakonda kuwala kwakukulu. Ngati kuyatsa sikukwanira ndipo kumakhudza chomera kwa maola ochepera asanu ndi limodzi, izi zidzatsogolera kuti mphukira za mbeu idzakokera, maluwa adzasiya, masamba akhoza kugwa.Kuthirira kumakhala kosalekeza komanso kochuluka, m'nyengo yozizira muyenera kumwa madziwo kangapo patsiku. Kusungunuka kwa chinyezi sikungakhale ngati mutamasula nthaka nthawi zonse komanso ngati pali ngalande yabwino. Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kutentha kutentha, kupopera mankhwala a plumeria kuyenera kuchitidwa ngati pakufunika, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sakufika pa maluwa.
Mbewu zazing'ono zomwe zangobzalidwa posachedwa ndizochepa. Pambuyo pake, musanafike maluwa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous.
Chomera chodabwitsa cha plumeria amayamikira maluwa awo okongola - zonunkhira, zazikulu, zowala, ndi kubalana ndi cuttings ndi njira yabwino yopeza imodzi, koma zingapo za zomera zabwino kwambiri ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
