Chitsime mdziko muno chimachokera madzi abwino oyera komanso chinthu chokongoletsera. Ngati, malinga ndi kalembedwe, kapangidwe kake ndizophatikizika ndi nyumba zina, tsamba limawoneka lokongola kwambiri. Sizachabe kuti anthu ambiri okhala pachilimwe amaika zitsime zodzikongoletsera pazokha - zamatabwa, zokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, zokhala ndi maluwa okongoletsedwa pachotsekeracho. Chophimba cha chitsime ndi manja anu chimatha kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana - nkhuni, chitsulo, plywood, pulasitiki. Popewa zinyalala, tizilombo, nyama zazing'onoting'ono kuti zisakwere mu chitsime, chivundikirocho chimayenera kukhazikika, kulimba, kupereka mpweya wampweya ndipo, ndichidziwikire, kukhala okongola.
Wood ndiwopambana kwambiri popanga chivundikiro bwino: chikuwoneka chokongola, ndichinthu chachilengedwe, ndipo chili ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri. Chophimba chamatabwa, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera, chimawoneka chokongola kwambiri.
Poterepa, chitsimechi chimadzazidwa ndi mtanda wopapatiza, benchi ndi chivundikiro ndichipangidwacho - mapangidwe okongola apezeka. Kuti zitheke, zitseko zokhala ndi ma waya ndizomenyera zimapangidwa mu chivindikiro - kuti zisamasefukire kwathunthu nthawi iliyonse
Njira # 1 - chivindikiro chamatabwa chosavuta
Chophimba chokongoletsera pachitsime chopangidwa ndi matabwa chitha kupangidwa popanda kudziyimira palokha; njira yake yopangira zinthu ndi yosavuta. Pa chivundikiro muyenera kusankha nkhuni zolimba - elm, aspen adzachita. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito paini, koma matabwa amtengowo ndi osalala. Kukula, mawonekedwe a chinthucho amatsimikiza kutengera mtundu wa zomanga ndi khosi la chitsime.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kupanga chophimba mwa mawonekedwe a kuwaswa. Mufunika misomali, mahatchi, zida zoyezera, matabwa owuma ndi ma sapulo, ma handles, mahatchi, mipiringidzo isanu ndi umodzi (20-30 masentimita pachikuto chimodzi), hacksaw, lamba wolumikizira mphira, screwdrivers, nyundo.
Chovala chamatabwa ndichabwino koposa. Izi zimachitika kuti nthawi yozizira sizizizira. Mutha kupanga chophimba kapena chovindikira - chomwe chingakhale, kudziwa mukonzekera ntchito.
Chophimba chokhala ndi mphako kuti chitsime chopindika chimakhala chothandiza komanso ndichipangidwe chovuta. Mahinji ndi chogwirizira chosema chimapereka mawonekedwe osavuta mawonekedwe okongoletsa
Ntchito imayamba ndi chipangizo cha crate ndi miyeso yoyenera. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti nkhomayo ili m'khosi, ndikofunikira kupanga crate. Amapangidwa ndi mipiringidzo kukula kwake khosi. Pofotokozera kapangidwe kake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tes. Zitsulo zopindika zimalumikizidwa ndi iyo. Mingonoyo itha kuyatsidwa ndi chingwe cha mphira - gawo limodzi limakhomereredwa pachikuto, linalo kuti lipange.
Njira yosavuta yophimba chitsime ndi crate yamatabwa, matabwa amatabwa. Munthawi yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kutipanga chivundikiro tiwiri ndikuyika chotenthetsera pakati pawo, izi zithandiza kuti madzi asazizire
Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za mapiko achiwiri (ngati mutasankha njirayi) ndizitetezo zowonjezera ndikukupata mipata, ngati ilipo. Kuti mulimbe, chivundikiro chapakati kuchokera pansi chimalimbikitsidwa ndi mtengo. Zovala zofanana zimapangidwa - zotsika komanso zapamwamba. Pansi pamaikidwa pansi pa khosi, kumtunda - kumtunda. M'nyengo yozizira, pilo ya udzu imayikidwa pakati pawo kuti isenthe. Ngati m'dera lanu kutentha nthawi yozizira kumatsikira madigiri -20 kapena kuposerapo, chivundikiro chachiwiri chimafunikira - apo ayi madziwo amatha kuzizira.
Zida zosavuta kwambiri zotchingira nkhuni ndi zotchingira zofanana. Koma kuti mukhale mosavuta komanso okongoletsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamatabwa zopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena zitsulo. Ponena za nyumba yachifumu - iyi ndi nkhani ya kusankha kwamwini. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zida zokhoma kuti ateteze bwino pakalibe eni.
Pambuyo popanga chivundikirocho, mutha kuganiza za momwe mukongoletsere chitsimechi. Pali njira ziwiri zachikhalidwe: kupanga nyumba yokongoletsera pamatanda kapena kukhoma padenga lapa wozungulira kapena lozungulira. Denga limatha kukhala lolumikizidwa ngati nyumba, lathyathyathya, lozungulira, loterera - mwakufuna kwanu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti mulikongoletse - matailidwe achilengedwe komanso owoneka bwino, matailosi achitsulo, zomata ndi mipesa, udzu, matabwa, masentimita, zinthu zokongoletsedwa, ndi zina zambiri.
Njira # 2 - Chophimba cha PCB
Chophimba cha chitsime chitha kupangidwa kuchokera ku textolite ndi ngodya zachitsulo. Pazipangidwe zake mudzafunika textolite, sealant, mapaipi a mbiri, simenti, mateti ndi malupu, muyeso wamatepi, makina othandizira, bolts, zomangira, chopukusira, zomangira ndi nyundo.
Textolite ndi lamine yolimba yokhala ndi ma resins. Ndiosavuta kusamalira, ndipo chivindikiro choterocho chimatha nthawi yayitali.
Pogwiritsa ntchito muyeso wa tepi, timapanga miyezo, timadula ngodya zachitsulo pamakona a 45 °. Zotsatira zinayi zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigawike mu quadrangle. Pakulimba kwa chimango, ngodya ndizowotchera zonse kuchokera kunja ndi mkati, zilembo zotentha zimachotsedwa ndi chopukusira.
Timadula mapaipi azithunzi kuti kutalika kwawo ndikotalika kuposa sentimita. Pazitsulo, timayika zigawo za chitoliro pamphepete mwa maziko, ndikudziwotcherera kumunsi, zotchingira zimakonzedwa ndi chopukusira.
Kenako, ma mbale awiri ofanana ndi kukula kwa chimangacho amapangidwa ndi PCB. Wosanjikiza amaikidwa pakati pa mbale, ndiye adzafunika kulumikizidwa palimodzi ndi zodziyimira nokha, msoko umathandizidwa ndi chosindikizira. Kuphatikiza chivundikiro ndi chimango, timagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zomwe zitha kukhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito bolts kapena kuwotcherera.
Chophimba cha PCB ndichokonzeka. Poyika pa chitsime, formwork imapangidwa ndi matabwa, chilichonse chimakhala simenti. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa, chimango ndi chivindikiro chimakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza simenti. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chivindikiro chinali chosavuta, chida chimakulungidwa. Mutha kusiya kapangidwe kake, kapena mutha kujambula kuti apatse mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri.
Kapenanso, mutha kupanga kapena kugula chivundikiro chomaliza chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati yochepa kapena yokhazikika ngati nyengo yozizira m'dera lanu siinazizira kwambiri.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga chivundikirocho, koma njirayi ndiyabwino kwambiri pazomenyera konkriti zolimbitsa.
Njira # 3 - pommets za chitsime choumbidwa ndi nyumba
Chophimbacho chimatha kupangidwa ngati nyumba yamatabwa (denga la gable). Choyamba, chimangocho chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo womwewo monga denga la gable, koma saizi yoyenera. Kuti mupeze madziwo pamalo otsetsereka a "nyumbayo" khomo limodzi. Chimangochi chimapangidwa ndi mtengo, chimatha kupakidwa penti kapena kudulidwa ndi zinthu zilizonse zofunikira padenga - mumapeza chivundikiro chokongoletsera bwino pachitsime.
Pamwamba pa chitsime momwe nyumba imapangidwira sikuti amangokhala osiyana pachikuto, komanso chinthu chabwino chokongoletsera. Pankhaniyi, nyumbayo imapangidwa ndi matabwa osalala, denga limatsirizika ndi ma shingles, kapangidwe kokhala ndi zitseko zama masamba awiri pamingala ndi magwiridwe abwino ndi chitetezo chodalirika pakuyambitsa chinyontho
Chophimba chomwe chimadzipangira chokha pachitsime sichotsika kwambiri kuposa chomaliza - ndimapangidwe otetezera chinyezi kuchokera ku nyengo ndi zinyalala. Mutachita nokha, mumasungira ndalama komanso inunso ngati mufuna kupanga zinthu.
Zomwe takambirana zikupereka lingaliro la momwe mungapangire chivundikiro kuti muthane nokha. Kupanga kwake sikungakutengereni nthawi yambiri, ndipo chitsime chanu chidzalandira chitetezo chodalirika.
