Omwe ali ndi madera akumatauni, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kupumula, poyesera kukonzekeretsa gawolo momasuka momwe angathere, nthawi zambiri amasankha nsanja zamiyala yamatabwa. Kuyika matabwa pansi pamtunda sikungangokulitsa malo kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo, komanso kuthandizira "kudziwa" malowa, osayenera, poyang'ana koyamba, kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Pomwe dothi lamapiri limasanduka m'malo oterera mvula ikagwa, njira yabwino ndiyabwino.
Akafuna kupanga mawonekedwe
Pansi pa pulatifomuyo ndi matambo a matabwa oikidwa pamiyala yolimba kapena mwachindunji pansi. Mapulatifomu ngati amenewa ndi oyenera kumadera opanda nthaka. Ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kukwaniritsa zolinga zingapo nthawi imodzi:
- gwiritsani ntchito malo a m'mapiri, kuwasandutsa malo osangalatsa;
- limbikitsani mapiri, kuti nthaka isasunthidwe mothandizidwa ndi mpweya.
Pansi pamatanda ndi chinthu chodabwitsa pakupanga mawonekedwe, momwe mungapangire ngodya yopuma, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito m'malo mwa veranda yotseguka. Eni ake amapanga mapulatifomu osati pansipansi, koma ngakhale pamtunda wapamwamba wa nyumba yazanyumba.
Sitimayo ndi yopanga zinthu zambiri momwe ingakhalire njira ina yoyenera yopezekera pamalo achitetezo apansi
Dengalo siliyenera kukhala mbali ya nyumbayo. Ndi nsanja mungatsekere dziwe lakunja, dziwe lokongoletsera kapena kukonza malo opumulirako pafupi ndi dimba.
Nthawi zonse ndibwino kukhala papulatifomu poika mipando yamaluwa pamalo athyathyathya. Ndi iyo, mutha kuyesa malo aliwonse pamalowo, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito "zisumbu", zosayenera poyang'ana koyamba, kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito.
Pulogalamu yomangidwa kutsogolo kwa khonde imatha kudutsa bwinobwino m'bwalo lamalo obisika kwa maso amtengo, kulumikizana ndi njirazi
Pansi pa matabwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pokonza khola. Kapangidwe kamangidwe kamene kamayambitsa kuthana ndi malo owoneka bwino. Malo okhaokha pamtunduwu si mapulowa, koma nsanja zamatabwa, zolumikizidwa ndi masitepe.
Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti nyumba zamatabwa zamatanda sizitha kulowa m'malo onse opanga mawonekedwe. Zoyenera kwambiri zimayang'ana kumbuyo kwa nyumba zamatayilo zamatabwa. Pansi pamatanda mulinso bwino mu "dimba lakuthengo".
Zosankha zakukonzekera nsanja
Mapulogalamu amamangidwa kuchokera kumaboma okhala ndi mapulani, omwe amaikidwa pazitali zazitali komanso zopingasa zomwe zimayikidwa pazithunzi. Udindo wa milonga yokweza nsanja pamwamba pa nthaka utha kuchitidwa ndi mizati ya njerwa kapena mitengo yamatanda.
Kapangidwe kakapangidwe kamapanga pansi kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kukula kwa mabolodi, momwe angagwiritsidwire mzere ndi kukula kwa kapangidwe kameneka. Mukakonza pansi, nthawi zambiri mizere imakhala yofanana ndi mbali zammunsi.
Kupanga chinyengo chakukulitsa malowo, ndibwino kuyika matabati molakwika: motere, chidwi sichingayang'ane tsatanetsatane wa mawonekedwe, koma kutsatira chithunzichi
Nyimbo zovuta kwambiri monga cheke kapena mawonekedwe a herringbone amawoneka opindulitsa pakuphatikizika ndi zozungulira zopangidwa, zomwe zimapangidwa mwanjira yomweyo.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala chithunzi chojambulidwa chomwe sichingaperekedwe chomwe mukufuna. Mwachitsanzo, pomwe nsanja ili pakati pa nyumbayo, mawonekedwe ake amapangidwa ndizitali zamatabwa, ndi njira yamaluwa yokongoletsedwa ndi matailosi. Muzochitika zoterezi, ndikwabwino kuti musankhe pansi ndi ndondomeko yosavuta, pomwe mabataniwo amayalidwa limodzi ndi mbali zam'munsi mwa nsanja.
Pofuna kupewa kukhumudwitsidwa posankha chojambula, opanga amalimbikitsa, kuwonjezera pa kujambula pansi, kujambula zojambulajambula pamapepala olondola. Kuti muwone bwino malingaliro a wolemba, kujambula ndi zojambulazo ziyenera kuchitika pamlingo womwewo.
Mukamajambula bwino kwambiri pulatifomu yomanga, zimapangitsa kuti pulatifomu yomwe imamangidwa izikhala yovuta kwambiri
Chifukwa chake, popanga mawonekedwe amitundu yoyendera, kuyika zolocha pafupipafupi kudzakhala kofunikira. Kuti mupange mitundu yovuta kwambiri, mufunika mitengo iwiri yolumikizidwa kale, yolumikizira pakati yomwe imakulolani kuti muike kumapeto.
Mawonekedwe a nsanja akhoza kukhala awa:
- zosavuta - mu mawonekedwe a amakona kapena lalikulu.
- masinthidwe ovuta, pamene mapangidwe a mitundu yambiri amapanga mtundu wamasewera otseguka otseguka.
Zovala zowoneka bwino ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri pakhoma la nyumbayo, ndipo zikwangwani zowongoka zimayenda bwino pakapangidwe kazithunzi pakati pa makoma oyandikana.
Kuwombera ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri papulatifomu, ndikupatsa chitetezo ndi kudalirika. Izi zimachitika makamaka ngati tebulo lomangidwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Magawo ocheperako komanso ma openwork trellises amathandizira kuti pogona mphepo isawume komanso kuti asapumulidwe ndi maso kuti asapumule
Mukakhazikitsa malo okhala ndi maluwa pafupi ndi mpanda wamatabwa, mutha kusintha malo anu opumira kukhala malo obiriwira obiriwira.
DIY yomanga nyumba
Pali njira zambiri zopangira nsanja zamatabwa. Zambiri zimatha kuchitidwa ndi amisiri omwe amangokhala ndi luso laukalipentala.
Gawo # 1 - Kusankha kwa Timber
Scaffolds zimamangidwa kuchokera kumabodi wamba omwe ali ndi 50x75 mm, 50x100 mm, ndi 50x150 mm. Kuchita bwino kumakwaniritsidwa pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe za mulifupi womwewo, komanso kusinthana matabwa okhala ndi m'lifupi mwake.
Ambuye salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa okhala ndi mulifupi wa 200 mm pazolinga izi. Samataya madzi bwino, ndipo chinyezi chomata pamadzi chawo nthawi zambiri chimatha kuwononga nkhuni. Zosayenera kukonzekera ma desks ndi mipiringidzo yolemera 50x50 mm. Amasokonekera mosavuta komanso kupunduka.
Malo okhala olimba kwambiri amapezeka m'matumba olemera 50x100 mm ndi 50x150 mm, omwe amayikidwa mbali mbali zonse za nsanja
Kukonzekeretsa nsanja pogwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zamitundu mitundu:
- coniferous - paini, smereka, wamba spruce;
- deciduous - katsitsipa, alder, modrina.
Matabwa okonza pansi ayenera kutsukidwa ndi makungwa. Popanga lags, ndikwabwino kuti musankhe matope osanja a 2 kapena 3, omwe chinyontho chake ndi 10-12%. Matanda othandizira amapangidwa bwino kwambiri kuchokera kumatabwa amtundu wokhala ndi mbali ya 75 mm.
Osasankha mtengo wamtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera moyo wa pansi, pansi pamathandizidwa ndi antiseptics ndi chinyezi chinyezi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito azure, komwe kumawonetsedwa pamsika wopaka utoto, kumapereka mwayi pakukonzekera njira zakunja
Kutsutsa kwamoto kwa nsanja zamatabwa kumatheka ndi chithandizo chowonjezera pamoto chokhala ndi malawi amoto.
Gawo # 2 - kapangidwe kake
Kukula kwake ndi kutalika kwa nsanja kumadalira malo omwe adzapangeko, ndi cholinga chake. Osayika nsanja pachimaso chonse chopangidwa ndi khoma la nyumbayo. Kuchepa ndi kugwedezeka - malo achonde pokonzekera bowa.
Ngati malo odyera azikhala gawo la malo odyera, ndiye kuti mupatseni malo okwanira kukhazikitsa mipando, ndikugawa malo kuti anthu azitha kupeza mosavuta
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendera dzuwa komanso kupuma ndi banja lanu, werengani malowa kuti akhazikitse lounger.
Kuti muwone m'maganizo momwe gawo lawolo lidzakhudzidwire komanso momwe likuwonekera kuchokera pazenera la pansi, jambulani mapulani omanga. Ndikwabwino kujambula dongosolo lamapepala pagawo lazithunzi, kusunga nyumba zofanana. Ngati nsanja ikamangidwa pamalo otsetsereka, jambulani kumbali yamtunduwo kuti muwonetsetse. Chithunzi chojambulidwa bwino chimathandizira kuti ntchito yodziwika kutalika kwa nsanamira zithandizire kuti pakhale poyambira.
M'malo mwake amafufuza malo omwe azikumbako. Mukamasankha malo oti aikemo milu, musaiwale kuganizira mapaipi oyankhulirana omwe adayikidwa mnyumbayo pansi. Ntchito yanu ndikupereka mwayi wofikira zigawo zowunikira kuti muchite ntchito yoletsa komanso kukonza ngati kuli koyenera.
Kuti mumange nsanja mufunika zida:
- gudumu loyenda;
- lalikulu;
- hacksaw;
- screwdriver;
- mulingo womanga;
- sandpaper.
Kukula kwa chingwe cha mtsogolo kumadalira kutalika kwa mabatani omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo: pakuyika pansi ndi ndondomeko yosavuta, yophatikiza mabatani 21, muyenera kupanga chingwe chomwe chingafanane ndi kutalika konse kwamapulogalamu 21 ndi kuphatikiza 10 masentimita, omwe angasiye mipata 20 pakati pawo.
Mosasamala za mtundu wosankhidwa, mabataniwo amayikidwa papulatifomu yokhala ndi malire a 5 mm: izi ndizofunikira kuti tipewe madzi amvula
Gawo # 3 - kukhazikitsa zipilala zothandizira
Mukakhazikitsa desiki pa dothi “loyandama” kuti mulimbitse nyumbayo ndi kudalirika kwa nyumbayo, matenawo samayikidwa pansi, koma amayikidwa pamakona a konkire okhala ndi zisa zotere.
Chigawo chilichonse chokhala ndi mainchesi 15 mm chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apakati ndi mbali ya 400 mm. Amayikidwa pamtunda wofanana ndi 1.5 metres. Poterepa, mtunda suyeza osati kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mbale, koma kuchokera pakati.
Mutazindikira malo oyika masilala ndi mitengo, m'malo osungidwa amachotsa dothi lachonde ndikuthira miyala. Mbale zimayikidwa pamwala wopanikizika, woyikiratu ndi matope a simenti, ndi mulingo.
Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti zisa za slab zikupezeka mzere umodzi ndikupanga ngodya yoyenera kufupi ndi khoma la nyumbayo
Dothi losagwiritsidwa ntchito lomwe limakhala ndi mabulangete a agrofibre. Zinthu za Opaque zimalepheretsa udzu kukula. Kuti akonze nsalu yopanda nsalu komanso kuphatikiza mphamvuyo, nthaka yonse imakutidwa ndi miyala yabwino.
Zolemba zothandizira ndi zopanda pake zopangidwa ndi matabwa olimba kapena glued kuchokera pama board okhala ndi 7.5 centimeter spike pamunsi. Mitengo imayikidwa ndi ma spikes m'malo otsetsereka a ma mbale ndikuyika ma plates. Ngati ndi kotheka, miyendo yothandizira imatha kusinthidwa nthawi zonse kutalika, kudula owonjezera.
Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa pansi, matabwa oyang'ana pamtengowo amathandizidwa ndi antiseptic komanso chinyezi
Mukakhazikitsa mitengo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zogwirizira zomwe zimakhala pamalo ocheperako sizili pansi pa kutalika kwa nsanja. Onani malo oyang'ana nthawi zonse, ndikuyang'ana gawo lomanga.
Gawo # 4 - kupanga harness
Atakhazikitsa nsanamira, amayamba kupanga zingwe. Choyamba, ikani matanda lakunja, ndikukhazikitsa kumakona kumapeto. Mitengo yamkati yapakati yoyalidwa pafupi ndi khoma la nyumbayo amaikapo zokhoma.
Mitengo yomwe imayikidwa mozungulira mzere wa nyumbayo imayikidwa mozungulira ndikukhomeredwa kuzikomo
Kuti muchite izi, mutagwira mtengo uliwonse kuzungulira mizati yothandizirayo, gwirizanitsani kutalikirana kwake ndi mulingo wamowa. Mitanda imakonzedwa ndi zomangira zolumikizidwa kapena misomali ya 10-centimeter. Mukakonza nsanja yazigawo zingapo, zopingasa za m'munsi kenako zotsika zimakhomedwa padera. Mitengo yonse imalumikizidwa kumbali zakunja.
Matanda apakatikati amaikidwa pazomangidwa komanso zogwirizira. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti zigawo za mitengo yapakatikati ili mulingo wofanana ndi malire apamwamba a chimango chakunja.
Gawo # 5 - pansi
Tekinoloji yakuyika papulatifomu siyosiyana kwambiri ndi njira zoyambira pansi pansi. Pambuyo powona matabwa okhala ndi kutalika kofanana ndi mtunda kuchokera ku mtengo wina wakunja kupita kwina, ayikeni pa chimango.
Ngati nsanja ikugwirizana ndi khoma la nyumbayo, yambani kuyikapo bolodi, ndikuyiyika motalika kwa 10-15 mm kuchokera pamwamba.
Pambuyo pake, pakuyala matanda kuti mpweya wabwino ndi kukula kwachilengedwe pakati pa matabwa, mtunda wa 5 mm ukhale
Kutsogolera ntchito yosungitsa mtunda wofunikira pakati pa matabwa oyandikana pansi, kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholumikizira matabwa kungathandize.
Pansipansi ndizokhazikitsidwa pa nsanja ndi zomata, misomali kapena mawonekedwe apadera. Kuti alimbitse kukhathamira, kuwonjezera pa zomangira, amisiri amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito guluu womanga. Amayikidwa kumapeto kwa nsanja ndi bfuti. Koma njira yoikirayi ndi yodziwika chifukwa chakuti guluu likauma, mabatani sangasunthe. Izi zidzasokoneza kukonza kukawonongeka.
Mzere wachiwiri umayikidwa pa crest ya anaika ndikuyika board yoyamba. Kuti muchotse zinthuzo mwamphamvu momwe mungathere, chisacho chimakopeka mosavuta ndi nyundo. Pakona yamkati moyang'anizana ndi chipika chilichonse, ndikukhala mbali ya 45 °, misomali.
Kuti mukonzekere, ndikofunikira kutenga misomali yomwe kutalika kwake kuchulukitsa kawiri kuposa ukulu wamapulogalamu. Mukamakumba misomali, ndikofunikira kuzama zipewa kwambiri kuti zisasokoneze kufalikira kwa bolodi loyandikana. Mipira ikasweka nthawi yotsekera, nsonga za misomali ziyenera kuzikongoletsa pomenya ndi nyundo. Mukayendetsa msomali, ndibwino kuyika msomali pansi pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pakati pa bolodi.
Matabwawa amaikidwa kutalika konse pansi, ndikuyika kuti mbali yoyang'ana mphete zapachaka iziyang'ana pamwamba: izi zichepetsera kuthana kwa m'mbali komanso kupewa kuti nkhuni zisawonongeke
Mukakhomera nsapato, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi ndi nthawi kukula kwa gawo lomwe silinasungidwe papulatifomu. Kupanga komaliza komaliza, ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani m'lifupi momwe mukugwirira ntchito. Kusintha miyeso ya pansi, bolodi lomaliza limadulidwa limodzi ngati gawo lomaliza.
Matabwa omangidwa ndi okhazikika amawadula. Chifukwa cha izi, m'mphepete mwa nsanjayo jambulani mizera yolumikizana yomwe malekezero amapulawo amatsekedwa. Kuti mupeze kwambiri mabala, gwiritsani ntchito njanji zamagetsi.
Pulogalamu yomalizidwa ndiyabwino, yokhala ndi mchenga komanso yokutidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za gloss kapena varnish gloss. Ngati tebulo limakwezeka kuposa 50 cm kuchokera pamtunda, limakhazikika ndi chotupa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito nsanamira zothandizira, njanji zamtsogolo zimamangidwa mozungulira pachidikha, ndikuyika matabwa 7.5 x 5 mm molunjika kutalika kwa masentimita 45
Kuchokera pa mipiringidzo yokhala ndi gawo la 3.8 masentimita kupanga malamba kwa balusters apakatikati apakati. Amakhomereredwa pansi pa kholingo, kuyiyika pamtunda wamtali wa 5-7 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
Kupanga kukongoletsa kukhala gawo lachilengedwe
Ngati mtengo wokongola ukumera m'malire a nsanja yomwe mukufuna, musathamangire kuchotsa. Mutha kuphatikiza zinthu zachilengedwe pamapangidwe.
Mukakonzekera kuyika mtengo papulatifomu, pakamangidwe kapangidwe kake, muyenera kupanga chimango chozungulira cholepheretsa
Zovala zokhala pansi zimasiyidwa zotseguka, kapena zokongoletsedwa ndi matabwa kotero kuti zimapinda mozungulira chomeracho. Mukazungulira mtengo wokhala ndi pansi, kumbukirani kuti pamene ukukula, umachulukana kukula osati kokha, komanso kukula.
Panthawi yodziwitsa kukula ndi kujambula zojambula zam'tsogolo, ndikofunikira kuti mtengo ukhale malo okwanira okhala
Kutsika sikungagwirizidwe ndi mtengo. Izi ndizoyipa kubiriwira pakokha komanso kumanga. Thunthu lomwe limayenda pansi pa chimphepo cha mphepo imatha kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa nsanja.
Palibe zovuta zapadera posamalira chovala. Ndikofunikira kuti muziwunikira pansi pachaka chifukwa cha ming'alu yomwe imatha kupaka nkhuni. Kuti tisunge mawonekedwe ndikukulitsa ntchito ya nsanja, zigawo za utoto ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.
