Maluwa okongoletsera mawonekedwe: momwe mungapangire duwa lachi rose

Pobwereka kuchokera kumtundu wake wakuthengo chuma chake chabwino - kuzindikira, kuswa chisanu ndi maluwa ambiri, maluwa oyambira chivundikiro ndi ena mwa mitundu yosavuta kwambiri yosamalira maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe safuna kudulira pafupipafupi komanso kuvala kwapamwamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kutchuka kwa maluwa a maluwa kukukulira padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka m'maiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yovuta, kumene wamaluwa nthawi zonse samatha kubereka mfumukazi yamaluwa. Tsopano, mutabzala duwa lachitetezo pamalo anu, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti sizangokongoletsa mabedi a maluwa, malo otsetsereka, malo omangapo munda ndi kapeti yowala, koma sizingayambitse mavuto ambiri pakuchokapo.

Maluwa ojambula pansi

Kutulutsa kwambiri kuchokera ku kasupe kupita ku chisanu komanso kosavuta kubzala, maluwa okuta pansi amakana matenda osiyanasiyana komanso kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira. Papangidwe kamundawo, ndi abwino kuti azikongoletsa malo otsetsereka ndikupanga malire a chomera m'mbali mwa njira. Wobzala m'maluwa amaluwa kapena pamaluwa okongola, maluwa owoneka bwino amawoneka osangalatsa kwambiri chifukwa cha nthambi zoboweka pang'ono ndi zidutswa za inflorescence, komanso zipatso zowala za yophukira. Maluwa okhala ndi maluwa okuta pansi omwe akukwera pamwamba pamalopo, osangowoneka okongola kwa chaka chonse, amatha kuthetsa vutoli mosavuta ndi dothi lakakhungu ndikutsanulira kwa rosary - malo omwe atsekedwa ndiosavuta kudzaza ndi nthaka yachonde komanso kuchotsa chinyezi chambiri.

Tchire lophimba la maluwa okuta pansi okhala ndi ma inflorescence ambiri adzapatsa mundawo chikondi ndi mtundu wowala.

Maluwa okuta pansi amapanga mawonekedwe abwino a njira ndi njira m'munda

Kuwonetsedwa mu kalilole wamadzi, maluwa opaka makongoleti azikongoletsa ndi kupezeka kwawo gombe la nkhokwe

Mitundu ina ya maluwa okongoletsera, okhala ndi nsalu yoluka, ndiwokongoletsa bwino kwa pergolas, makoma, mipanda, imakhala ngati lingaliro lozungulira mu hedge kapena kusinthanitsa udzu wobiriwira wokhala ndi zilumba zamaluwa. Zophatikiza ma boles ndi maluwa okhala ndi mawonekedwe akulira korona wowoneka bwino ndi mphukira zokhala ngati zotayirira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati malo opanga mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, maluwa okuta pansi pamapangidwe amtundu sangachite gawo lokongoletsa, komanso kuthana ndi mavuto ena - obzalidwa pamtsetse wokhala ndi zinthu zina zakukokolokera dothi, amalimbitsa dothi lapamwamba ndikutchinjiriza kutsukidwa kwawo kusefukira kwamadzi kapena kusefukira kwa nyengo.

Zomera zina zam'munda zachikale zopangidwa m'munda, mutha kudziwa zambiri kuchokera pa zomwe: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/pochvopokrovnye-pareniya-dlya-sada.html

Maluwa akuthwa owala pang'ono amawonjezera kukongoletsa kosangalatsa kwa malire otsika ndikusunga makoma m'munda wamaluwa

Chophimba chofiyira chakuya chakuyuka ndi inflorescence chosavuta chimawoneka bwino pabedi lamaluwa m'mphepete mwa njira

Chiyambi ndi kusankha kwa maluwa a pansi

Chomwe chinalimbikitsa kukulitsa maluwa a pansi pamtunda anali Rosa rugosa - duwa lofiirira kapena lachi Japan lomwe limakhala ndi maluwa owala bwino, omwe kwawo ndi kum'mawa kwa Asia, kapena, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China, Japan, Korea, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Siberia. Rosa rugosa rubra, kapena wotchuka ngati duwa lamtchire, limamera pamiyala yamchenga yam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo mu 1796 idakhala mawonekedwe, ndikupatsa mtundu wonse wa maluwa okwera osakanizidwa omwe amatha kuphimba mapepala ambiri. Olima amagwiritsanso ntchito mtundu wa Rosa wichurana kuti asankhe maluwa oyambira, omwe ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 19 pakupanga dimba komanso popanga makapeti amaluwa popanga mawonekedwe.

Werengani zambiri za kulima pamtunda pano: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/vertikalnoe-ozelenenie-dachi-svoimi-rukami.html

Wong'ambika Rosa rugosa kukhala kholo la nthaka chivundikiro rose mitundu

Munthawi ya 20-30s ya zaka zam'ma 20 zamtundu wa maluwa a Max Graf ndi Fairy adatulutsa, zomwe zimatha kufotokozedwa kale kuti ndizotseka, ndipo mu 60s Nozomi ndi Sea Foam wotchuka adawonekera. Kusankhidwa kwazomera zamaluwa kukupitilira mu 70-80s, pomwe kampani yaku France ya Meilland Star Rose idakula mosiyanasiyana - Fiona, Swany, La Sevillana, Lovely Fairy, Alba Maidiland, Bionica 82. Ena mwa mitundu yabwino ndi yokongola kwambiri yamaluwa pansi lero ndi Mirato, Diamant, Knirps, Moni, Kent, Red Bells, Ambercover, Limesglut, Limesperle, Limesgold. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 izi, Meilland adayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatope a Drift, yomwe adapanga ndikudutsa maluwa pang'ono komanso pansi - chifukwa chamaluwa, opindika, maluwa owala bwino komanso odabwitsa.

Mukamasankha mitundu yoyamba ya maluwa oyambira, mitundu Rosa wichurana imagwiritsidwa ntchito

Maluwa a groundcover samawoneka bwino modzala ndi mawonekedwe obzala ambiri, komanso oikidwa m'malo amaluwa ndi m'mbale

Malinga ndi olimi a ku Russia, mitundu yopambana kwambiri yamaluwa omwe ali ndi malo olima bwino m'nyumba ndi motere:

• pinki: Palmergarten Frankfurt, Les Quatre Saisons, Fairy, Knirps;
• reds: Gartnerfreude, Moni, Red Leonardo, Scarlet Meillandecor;
• loyera: Aspirin Rose, Blanc Meillandecor, Foam Sea, Swany, Ice Meidiland, Snow Ballet, Alba Meillandecor, Diamant;
• chikasu: Nadia Meillandecor;
• lalanje: Ninette, Apricot Clementine.

Mukamasankha maluwa okumbira pansi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti palibe mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu m'maluwa - maluwa a carpet m'mabuku akunja amapezeka mu zikwangwani, maluwa a Floribunda, ndi mitundu yoluka. Akatswiri olima dothi achijeremani amasiyanitsa mitundu isanu yamtundu wa chivundikiro: chotsika ndi mphukira zokwawa, zotsika ndi mphukira zazitali zazitali, nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri, zowongoka, lonse lokhala ndi mphukira zamadzi oterera.

Maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikuto chovala chamtunda wachikasu adzapanga gawo labwino kwambiri, ndikugogomezera kuzungulira kwa mseu

Maluwa okhala ndi chivundikiro chobzalidwa m'malo a pato ndi malo oyandikana ndi malowa amakhala malo okongoletsera nyumba

Pofuna kutchukitsa masitepe, ndikokwanira kuyika malikulu awiri oyambira maluwa okhala ndi maluwa okutira pansi a utoto wowonekera wa lalanje

Mwambiri, maluwa oyambira pansi ali ndi zotsatirazi zophatikiza ndi zokongoletsa:

• zitsamba za nthambi zambiri zopingasa kutalika kwake;
• Kukula msanga kwa mphukira;
• maluwa akutalika komanso ochulukirapo;
• kukana chisanu, tizirombo, matenda;
• kusowa kwa kudulira kwamphamvu ndikuchoka mosamala.

Ndi abwenzi ati omwe ali oyenera kuyanjana?

Mukamasankha maluwa oyambira maluwa, ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu wa mawonekedwe, nthawi yomwe maluwawo amatulutsa, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa masamba a mbewuzo. M'pofunikanso kulabadira zochitika za kukula kwa anzawo a aristocrat ya dimba malo - ayenera kukhala opepuka komanso okonda kutentha, ofanana ndi maluwa. Ma ensembles okongola okhala ndi maluwa owongolera a mithunzi iliyonse ndi mamaka amapanga lavenda, daylily, geranium. Mfumukazi yamundawo imawoneka yogwirizana ndi zitsamba ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana - rosemary, fennel, thyme, fescue, sage, adyo, anyezi. Maluwa okongola okhala ndi primroses, viols, geykhera, makamu amaphatikizidwa bwino lomwe. Koma chowonetsera bwino kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kwa zitsamba za rose ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba a silvery - cloves, chowawa, santolin.

Atsogoleri a chikhalidwe chamaluwa ophatikizika ndi maluwa ndi maluwa:

• kwa gawo lam'munsi - cuff, belu, iris;
• kwa gawo lamkati - delphinium, digitalis, dahlias;
• monga mawu - clematis, primroses wa bulb, maluwa.

Imodzi mwamaukwati okondana kwambiri imapangidwa pakati pa rose ndi clematis, makamaka mitundu yake yokhala ndi maluwa ofiirira Clematis viticella ndi Clematis merifolia. Kuphatikiza kwa maluwa ndi zitsamba kumapewetsa kuchuluka kwa rosary ndikuchepetsa kubzala kwa maluwa osasinthasintha mitundu yobiriwira. Mphepete mlengalenga zobzalidwa kutsogolo kwa dimba la maluwa zimakupatsani mwayi wokondana ndikupanga mzere wobisika wopaka maluwa. Kubzala mbewu zazitali, monga Chinese miscanthus, mapira a pearl, mabango acanthatic kumbuyo kwa rosary kumapangitsa maziko abwino a maluwa ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa maluwa.

Komanso, zopangira mabedi az maluwa ambiri ndizothandiza: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/mnogoyarusnaya-klumba.html

Kuwomba kolumikizana kumapangidwa mukabzala maluwa oyambira ofunda limodzi ndi lavenda

Maluwa akunyentchera amatha kuphatikizidwa bwino mu chipangidwe cha alpine slide

Kupanga duwa lamaluwa a maluwa osambira

Gawo # 1 - Kusankha Malo Pomanga Malo

Kukula ndi kufufuma kwa bwalo lachitetezo, komanso china chilichonse, zimakhudzidwa ndi izi:

• kuwunikira ndi malo otsetsereka;
• kutentha;
• chinyezi cha nthaka;
• acidity nthaka;
• kudzala kachulukidwe.

Maluwa ndi mbewu zofanizira - kufalikira kwamphamvu kwa malo obzala kumalimbikitsa maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuphukira kwa mapangidwe ambiri chifukwa chakufulumira kwa michere kuchokera m'nthaka kupita ku chomera komanso kutulutsa kokwanira kwa chinyezi kuchokera pamwamba pa masamba. Ndikofunikira kuti malo obzala maluwa akhale ndi malo otsetsereka pafupifupi 7-11 mpaka kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, amawunika bwino ndi dzuwa nthawi yoyamba ya tsiku, ndipo nthawi yotentha, masana masana inali pamthunzi. Ngati maluwa ambiri azikhala pansi pa kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, ndiye kuti utoto wake utatembenuka, ma “petulo” adzazimiririka msanga.

Kuti tikonzekere malo abwino olimira, taganizirani zofunikira za dothi: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/ot-chego-zavisit-plodorodie-pochvy.html

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timabzala kutsogolo kwa maluwa apakatikati-kumtunda timatsindika kukongola kwa tchire lambiri

Kuyandikira kwa zitsamba ndi mitengo kudzathandiza kupanga mthunzi wofunikira maluwa ndipo, kuwonjezera, kuwateteza ku mphepo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ndizosatheka kuyika duwa laling'ono mtunda waung'ono kuchokera kuzomera zonse zam'munda - amachotsa michere ndi chinyezi kuchokera ku maluwa, ndikupanga gawo lazitali. M'malo osayiyidwa bwino mundawo - pafupi ndi makhoma a nyumba komanso pansi pa mitengo, mitengo ya duwa imacheperachepera, mphukira imakhala yofowoka komanso yofowoka, nthawi zambiri nthambi "zosaona" zopanda maluwa, matenda amamba.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Malo otsetsereka a dothi amathandizira kuti chiundacho chikhale bwino, kuchotsedwa kwa madzi osungunuka mchaka, komanso kutulutsira dothi m'nthawi yamvula yambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, minda yamaluwa, yokhazikitsidwa ndi masentimita 40-50 pafupi ndi munda wonsewo, singavutidwe ndi chisanu, chifukwa mpweya wozizira umadziunjikira m'chigwa.

Chovala chaching'ono chokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana - mawonekedwe abwino a udzu wobiriwira

Khalidwe lofunikira la dimba lobzala mbewu ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha dothi komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi apansi panthaka. Maluwa samalekerera bwino dothi lonyowa lomwe limasokoneza kufalikira kwa mpweya, kumakhala kozizira kwambiri nthawi yozizira ndipo kumakhala ndi acidity yayitali. Kudzaza pilo ya miyala mu dzenje lobzala kumachepetsa vutoli pang'ono, koma sikuthetsa kwathunthu, chifukwa chake ndibwino kukhetsa madzi mu rosary, obzalidwa panthaka yonyowa, pogwiritsa ntchito machubu amadzala.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamomwe mungakonzekere dongosolo lamadzi lamadzi pamalo amtunduwu: //diz-cafe.com/voda/drenazh-uchastka-svoimi-rukami.html

Makungwa a mitengo yolumikizira, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulos, amateteza kubzala ku tizirombo, namsongole ndipo ithandizanso kuti chinyontho m'nthaka

Chofunikanso ndikutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi dothi m'dera momwe rosary imawonedwera - zowonetsa bwino za mpweya ndi madigiri 15 mpaka 22, dothi - 17-20 madigiri. Kutentha konse kwa dziko lapansi ndi kutentha kwake kochepa ndi koyipa - pazochitika zonsezi, kukulitsa kwa rose kumalephereka, kuchuluka kwa mphukira kumachepetsedwa. Popewa kuwotcha kwambiri dothi pakati pa tchire la maluwa okutira pansi, akhomeredwa ndi peat, humus, udzu watsopano mwatsopano.

Ponena za kapangidwe ka dothi, dothi labwino kwambiri pa maluwa onse ndi opendekeka bwino, kunyamula chinyezi ndi mpweya ku nthangala ya mbewuyo. Mbeu za rose sizilandiridwa bwino mu dothi louma, lomwe limasefukira nthawi yachilimwe, amaundana nyengo yachisanu ndikusunga zakudya. Dothi lamchenga wachikopa limatha kusinthidwa ndi kompositi yosakanikirana ndi peat, dongo, dothi louma. Dothi lamiyala ndi lolemera, momwe amalimbikitsira kuwonjezera mchenga, peat, kompositi, kalulu kapena zitosi zowola nkhuku, komanso kukhetsa ndi poyambira tating'onoting'ono, sizigwira bwino ntchito ya rosary.

Mafuta ochulukirapo a pastel shades amapanga mafelemu osalala ndi udzu wobiriwira

Njira yothanirana ndi zokongoletsera zamunda imatha kukhala bedi la maluwa lokhala ndi maluwa, ndikubwereza pamndandanda wa njirayo

Acidity ya dothi ndiyofunikira kwambiri kuti bwino mulime mitundu yonse ya maluwa, kuphatikiza nthaka, poyera, chifukwa duwa lachifumu ndilopanda tanthauzo - ngakhale pena paliponse acidic acid ikamachita pH yochepera 7, komanso alkaline yomwe ili ndi pH yoposa 7, ndiyabwino kwambiri. pang'ono asidi anachita mu osiyanasiyana kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.5 pH.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa dothi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pepala la litmus, lomwe, polumikizana ndi yankho la nthaka, lidzasintha mtundu kukhala wamtambo ngati alkalis ikupezeka m'nthaka kapena yofiira pakakhala asidi owonjezera. Kusanthula kolondola kwambiri kwa nthaka kumachitika ndi mabungwe azaulimi apadera. Nthaka zokhala ndi acidity yayikulu sizimasinthidwa ndi miyala ya miyala yamtengo wapatali, gypsum, fupa kapena dolomite ufa, phulusa. Ndi zamchere nthaka, amapangidwa ndi superphosphate, sulfure, peat, coniferous kapena tsamba humus.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe mungayendetsere dothi la m'mundamo kuchokera pazinthuzo: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/izvestkovanie-pochvy.html

Chifukwa chamaluwa atatu opangidwa ndi maluwa oyenda komanso maluwa wamba osakanikirana ndi lavenda, dimba laling'ono la duwa limawoneka ngati malowo wowoneka bwino

Chifukwa cha inflorescence yaying'ono, dimba louma kuchokera pamaluwa oyikapo nthawi zonse limakhala losangalatsa kwambiri

Musanagwetse rosary, ndikofunikira kuunikira kuti ndi mbewu ziti zomwe zidamera kale patsamba lomwe mwasankha. Sizovomerezeka kubzala maluwa kumene rosary adakhalako kwa zaka 7-10 kapena rosaceae akhala akukulira - hawthorn, chipale chofewa, peyala, apurikoti, chitumbuwa, ndi ena. Ngakhale, ngati angafune, dothi lomwe latha lidzasankhidwe lakuya masentimita 50 ndikusinthidwa ndi chisakanizo chachilengedwe chopangidwa ndi dongo, kompositi, feteleza wa mchere, humus kapena manyowa owola bwino.

Maluwa oyambira m'mphepete amatha kukhala chophatikiza chowongolera mulingo wambiri, ndikupanga gawo lamkati kapena lamunsi

Chifukwa cha mtundu wake wambiri, maluwa okuta pansi amapanga kapeti wokongola yemwe angatsitsimutse mpanda kapena pergola

Mukamaika maluwa a landray mu nyimbo ndi mbewu zina za m'munda - mu zosakanizika, mabedi amaluwa, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mtunda woyenera pakati pa magulu obzala kuti athe kuyandikira maluwa kuti azidulira, kuvala, kuthirira popanda kuwononga "anansi" awo. Mtunda pakati pa tchire laudzu m'munda wamaluwa kuchokera pa 30cm mpaka sentimita ndipo zimatengera mawonekedwe a mitundu, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chitsamba, kukula kwa mphukira.

Gawo # 2 - Kukonzekera Kufika

Zitsime zodzala maluwa okutira pansi amakhala okonzekeratu pasadakhale - masabata osachepera kuti mbande zisamire pansi. Pakudzala yophukira, ndibwino kupangira maenje mu kasupe, chifukwa masika - mu kugwa, kuyika malowo posamala mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa tchire:

• Mmera mumtsuko. Ngakhale kuti ophatikiza kubzala amalangiza kubzala duwa mu gridi, nthawi zambiri mizu yake sinakonzekere bwino motere - nsonga za mizu zimakhazikika kapena zosweka. Chifukwa chake, ma rhizome a rose amayenera kumasulidwa mosamala kuti isungidwe, kufupikitsidwa mpaka masentimita 30-35, kuchotsa mphukira zosweka kapena zowonongeka. Komabe, nthawi zambiri umphumphu wa coma suwonongeka, ndipo pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu, mapangidwe angapo amapangidwamo mpaka akuya pafupifupi 2 cm.
• Kugundana ndi rhizome lotseguka. Ngati mmera wamera utagulidwa ndi mizu yofesedwa, ndiye kuti ndikusintha masamba ake asanabzalidwe. Ndi mizu iyi, kuyanika njira zake kumawonedwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake tikukulangizani kuti mugwire mizu ya duwa m'madzi kwa tsiku tsiku loti lisunthire.

Mbande zapamwamba komanso zothandiza kwambiri zotumphukira ziyenera kukhala ndi mphukira zitatu zopangidwira bwino komanso mizu yokhala ndi nthambi zambiri zocheperako. Chonde dziwani kuti m'mimba mwake mulifupi ndi ma scion anali omwewo - mkati mwa masentimita 6-8. Asanabzala m'mundamo, masamba ndi masamba omwe amakhala pansi pamata azikumbidwa amachotsa maluwa, nthambi zong'ambika ndi zosapsa zimadulidwa, mpweyawo umafupikitsidwa mpaka 20-30 cm, ndipo gawo la mlengalenga limadulidwa mpaka 25-25 cm. mankhwala opopera ndi 5% mkuwa sulfate, ndikuviika mizu yawo poterera dongo phala ndi mullein muyezo wa 2 mpaka 1.

Mutha kukulira duwa kuchokera pa tsinde nokha, werengani za izi: //diz-cafe.com/vopros-otvet/razmnozhenie-roz-cherenkami.html

Thonje loyera chipale chofewa, lomwe limakulungidwa kuchokera kumaluwa a maluwa otsetsereka, lidzawonjezera mtundu wodabwitsa kumalire okongoletsera

Kutchuka kwambiri kwa maluwa oyambira pansi kwapangitsa kuti kupangidwe kwa ma hybrbr omwe amaphatikiza makhalidwe a carpet ndi stump maluwa

Makongoletsedwe okongola a maluwa oyambira pansi, kuphatikiza ndi kusachita bwino kwawo, apeza kutchuka pakati pamaluwa cha mitundu iyi.

Duwa lophimba pansi lidzapanga gawo labwino kwambiri la mundawo, lowonekera bwino chifukwa chamaluwa ambiri opanga maluwa okongola

Maluwa ofala maluwa okhawo ndi njira yabwino yodziwitsira bedi la maluwa pafupi ndi nyumba

Gawo # 3 - timayang'ana mitundu ya momwe kubzala kwakanthawi

M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, kubzala kwaphukira kwa maluwa owirikiza ndi maluwa owonekera bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri, komanso madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira.

Kubzala kwamaluwa (Epulo-Meyi)

Nthawi zambiri, nyengo zoyipa mchaka zimalepheretsa kubzala mmera mutangopeza, kotero muyenera kusamalira chitetezo chake - chiikeni m'bokosi kapena chidebe, mudzaze ndi mchenga wonyowa pamwamba pamata ndikumaphimba ndi filimu yomwe idakutidwa pamwamba pa chimango. Mutha kusunga mbande mu chipinda chozizirirapo kapena mumsewu. Popeza mwasankha malo okwezeka kwambiri pamalowo, ikani ngalande yolimba pafupifupi 50 cm yokhala ndi malo ofewa, thirani mchenga pansi pamchenga ndikuyika mbande za maluwa mu prikop, popeza idafupikitsa malizidwe awo mpaka masentimita 30 mpaka 35. Ndikofunikira kuyika maluwa kumbali yotsetsereka, ndikuyika lapnik ndi mwakukulitsa duwa mu prikop 10 cm pansi pazomata kapena pakhosi. Finyani mmera ndi mchenga, kutsanulira ndikuwonkhetsa dothi ili, kenako ndikuphimba ndi lapansi ndikuwaphimba ndi nthambi za spruce.

Pakudula masika m'nthaka, mphukira zonse za maluwa zimadulidwa kuti mbewu zolimba zikhale ndi masamba atatu, mbewu zopanda mphamvu zimakhala ndi masamba a 1-2. Ngakhale mphukira za maluwa amakalata nthawi zambiri sizidula, zimangofupikitsa mizu.

Kubzala masamba a maluwa (September-Okutoba)

Kubzala maluwawa a maluwa oyendetsera maluwa ndikotsimikizika pakati pa Seputembara mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Kubzala pambuyo pake limodzi ndi nthawi yophukira bwino kungayambitse kuti maluwa alibe nthawi yoti atenge ndipo aziwuma nyengo yachisanu. Asanakhazikitse maluwa poyera, ndikofunikira kufupikitsa pang'ono, popeza kudulira kwakukulu kwamaluwa kumachitika nthawi zonse.

Gawo # 4 - ankafika patali

Kudzala maluwa okuta pansi, maenje amapangidwa pamalo osankhidwa ndi kuya kwa 50-70 masentimita ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 50, ndizovomerezeka kukumba ngalande yakuya komweku ndi mulifupi monga momwe ikubowera nthawi yobzala. Kuzama kwa dzenje kubzala kumapangidwa kutengera kutalika kwa mizu ya mmera kuphatikiza 10-20 cm.

Kuphwanya fossa ndikudula kamtsitsi ka dothi mpaka 20-30 masentimita, ikani chitsamba mu poyambira ndikawaza ndi osakaniza, kunyowetsa ndikusinja nthaka

Ngati dothi lomwe linali pachiwembucho ndi louma komanso dongo, ndiye kuti mchenga wa miyala yamtengo umathiridwa pansi pa dzenje kuti ubzale, ndipo ngati mchenga wowala - dongo lakuya pafupifupi masentimita 10.Dothi likakhala losafunikira maluwa, kubzala maenje kukumba mozama - mpaka 70 cm. kubzala mabowo kuti maluwa azika mizu mwachangu. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuthirira dothi m'matumba, omwe amadzaza dzenjelo - chifukwa chake mupewe mapangidwe, ndipo mutabzala, muyenera kupopera dothi pamwamba, kuthiririra ndi kuthira duwa. Mphukira zatsopano zitatha kufika 5 cm, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti maluwa amakulitsidwa ndikukulika.

Njira yothetsera chidwi ya rosary ndi mulch yokongoletsera. Momwe limawonekera ndi kwina komwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito: //diz-cafe.com/dekor/dekorativnaya-shhepa.html

Pakabzala dothi lakuchotseredwa pachidebe, chotchingira matope chimamasulidwa ku chigamba cha pulasitiki ndipo sichinasinthidwe ndikuyika dzenje

M'malo okhala ndi nthaka yachonde kapena yochulukirapo, kudula kwake kwapamwamba (pamphepete mwa fosholo) kumatengedwa kukasakaniza dothi losakanikirana, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza mabowo. Pansi pa dzenje lodzala maluwa limakweza pang'ono ndi dothi losakanikirana lomwe limakhala dothi la m'munda ndi peat (humus), yotengedwa mbali zofanana.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Chinsinsi cha dothi losakaniza kudzaza maenje obzala mutabzala maluwa okuta pansi: dothi la m'minda - 2 zidebe, malovu - 1 ndowa, mchenga - 1 chidebe, dongo lolowa - 1 ndowa, humus - 1 ndowa, peat - 1 ndowa, phulusa - makapu awiri, fupa chakudya - 2 makapu, superphosphate - 1 chikho.

Chophimba chomata ndi chimbudzi chowunduka ndi mphika wosweka, chivundikiro pansi chimakhazikitsa mawu achikondi mpaka kumunda wosiyidwa pang'ono wamundawo

Magawo a maluwa okuzala oyanika:

1. Dothi losakanikirana limathiridwa ndi phirili mpaka pansi pafossa.
2. Mmera umalowetsedwa mu dzenje ndipo mizu imawongoka kuti isakwere m'mwamba, ndipo bwalolo limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 3-5 pansi.
3. Rhizome imaphimbidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi osakaniza dothi lokonzekera, ndikupanga pansi ndi manja anu, ndipo kumapeto - gawo lakumalo limapindika ndi mapazi anu.
4. Mmera umathiriridwa mokwanira ndi malo omwe katemerayo amayendera - ngati nthaka yapansi, imathiridwa, pambuyo pokweza chitsamba.
5. Duwa limaluka ndikutalika pafupifupi 20 cm ndipo lakutidwa ndi bokosi kapena nthambi za spruce kwakanthawi pafupifupi masiku 10 kuti apange gawo la mthunzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chomera chikhale ndikukula komanso mphukira zatsopano.

Magawo a dothi lonyowa:

1. Chidebe chimodzi kapena zingapo zamadzi zomwe zimapangitsidwa ndi sodium humate zimatsanulidwa munyenje.
2. Kugwira mmera, dzenje limadzazidwa ndi kusakaniza kwa kubzala, nthawi zina kugwedeza chitsamba kuti kugawa bwino dothi pakati pa njira ya mizu. Nthawi yomweyo, malo a katemerawo amakwiriridwa ndi 3-5 cm malinga ndi nthaka pamalowo.
3. Tchire limakulungidwa ndipo limakutidwa ndi zishango zamatabwa kapena nthambi za spruce.
4. Pambuyo pa masamba a duwa amapereka mphukira pafupifupi 5 cm, mthunzi womwe umapanga mthunziwo umachotsedwamo, mbewuyo idachotsedwa, kuthiriridwa ndikukutidwa ndi peat mulch pafupifupi 5-7 cm.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Mulch amateteza mbewu kuti isamatenthe, kuyanika ndi hypothermia, siyilola kuti udzu uzilowa m'mbali moyandikana ndi duwa, ndipo imathandizira kuti mizu yake izika mizu komanso kukula kwamaluwa. Monga lamulo, maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi peat, kompositi, humus.

Gawo # 5 - kusiya chilimwe choyamba mutafika

Zikakhala kuti dothi silinalemeretse bwino osasunthira mbuto panthaka, nthawi yachilimwe yoyamba mutabzala maluwawo mumathira manyowa, osakanikirana ndi michere yowonjezera ndi manyowa a nkhuku. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, amayamba kukonzekera maluwa nyengo yachisanu, kuwapatsa chakudya ndi phosphorous-potaziyamu (20 g wa potaziyamu sulfate ndi 25 g ya superphosphate pa 1 sq. Mamita chiwembu). Kuthirira rosary kuyambira pakati pa Julayi kumachepetsedwa kotero kuti mphukira pa chitsamba zimakhala ndi nthawi yopanga ndi kulimba asanayambe kuzizira. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, chidwi chofunikira ndichofunika kuti muchoke ndikuyamba kupanga maluwa okuta pansi, pomwe mphukira zonse zimatuluka kuchokera mu khosi kapena kumalumikiza zimadulidwa kukhala mphete kuti zithandizire kukula ndi nthambi zake, ndipo zimapinikizika kumapeto, kenako mphukira zokhazikika, ndikuchotsa masamba .

Gawo # 6 - kuthirira, kuthira feteleza ndi kudulira

Ngakhale akukhulupirira kuti kubzala ndi kusamalira chivundikiro cha dothi sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwapadera, komabe, njira zochepa zothandizira kukongoletsa kwa maluwa ziyenera kuchitika - kupanga kudulira mwaukhondo kuthengo, komanso kudyetsa ndi kuphatikiza feteleza ndi michere ya michere.

Kudulira maluwa okumbika kumatanthauza zosankha zapakatikati ndi zofooka, pomwe zochulukazo zimachotsedwa pamtunda wa 7-10 pa nthambi, ngati mungawerenge kuchokera pansi pa chitsamba

Kudulira kwakukulu kwa maluwa kumapangidwa pachaka - kasupe, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kukonzanso chitsamba. Pambuyo pofufuza momwe duwa lakhalira, ndikofunikira kuchotsa lophwanyika, lowonongeka ndi chisanu, nthambi zowuma, ndikudula kuti mukhale nkhuni zatsopano. Muyeneranso kuchotsa mphukira yomwe imayendetsedwa pakatikati pa nthambi, zakale - 3 ndi 4, nthambi zosabala, ndi njira zotsalira kuti mufupikitse mpaka ma masamba 7, kuwerengera kuchokera kumunsi kwa mphukira. Kudulira kwapakatikati ndi kufooka kumayikidwa pansi maluwa, ndipo zaka zisanu zilizonse amazidulira kuti isinthe chitsamba. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti maluwa owotcha sayenera kudulidwa kuti asasokoneze mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe - izi ndizowona makamaka chifukwa cha maluwa akwawa omwe ali ndi mphukira zazitali omwe amatulutsa utoto pa matabwa a chaka chatha.

Kuthirira maluwa kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata m'mawa mwachindunji pansi pa chitsamba ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono. Kukula kwa madzi ofunikira kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana pa kukula kwa duwa ndikufika mpaka malita 10-15. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amathiridwa madzi nthawi zambiri kuti azike mizu. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi ndikwabwino maluwa. kuposa kuchuluka kwake, koma zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndi kukula kwa inflorescence.

Utoto wowuma wa dothi lodzikongoletsera sudzangokongoletsa malo opumirako okha, komanso kudzaza mpweya ndi fungo labwino

Kuphatikiza pa udzu, kuthirira ndi kudulira tchire, ndikofunikira kuti muthe kumiza manyowa duwa. Njira yodyetsera maluwa maluwa:

1. Epulo. Nitrogen feteleza pambuyo pokonza - ammonium nitrate, urea (supuni 1 pa 10 malita a madzi). Pakupita sabata - feteleza wachilengedwe (wowola manyowa pa theka la chidebe chilichonse chitsamba)
2. Meyi. Ngati mavalidwe apamwamba ofunikira a maluwa oyambira sanachitike mu Epulo, ndiye kuti feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Njira ina yabwino kwa urea ndi ammonium nitrate ndi feteleza wopopera, womwe umathiridwa pansi pachitsamba ndipo umafunika kuthimitsa nthaka ndi kuthilira. Mutatha kuthira dothi ndi feteleza wa mchere, zowonjezera zachilengedwe zimayambitsidwa - kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa a nkhuku kapena mullein.
3. Juni. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, pomwe masamba adaphukira, dothi limalemezedwa mosiyanasiyana ndi calcium nitrate, feteleza wachilengedwe komanso kuvala pamwamba kumavala kawiri superphosphate, kulowetsedwa phulusa ndi mullein yankho. Pakati pa Juni, maluwa asanakhale, maluwa amaphatikiza ndi potaziyamu ndi magnesium sulfates kapena sodium humate pa 2 l yankho pachitsamba chilichonse.
4. Julayi. Pambuyo maluwa, maluwa amapatsidwa chakudya ndi zinthu zochuluka phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, komanso feteleza wachilengedwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa foliar mwa njira yothetsera phulusa, chisakanizo cha zinthu zina, potaziyamu nitrate, superphosphate.
5. Ogasiti. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi, feteleza wachilengedwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito komaliza patatha milungu ingapo - potaziyamu-phosphorous nyambo, patadutsa sabata lina - potaziyamu wa sodium, komanso zina zowonjezera - phulusa la phulusa, phula la superphosphate, micronutrient.
6. Seputembala. Kalimagnesia kuvala pamwamba, kuthetsa kuthirira, kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Chifukwa cha kukana chisanu, maluwa osakhala pamtunda safuna malo osungira nthawi yozizira, monga mitundu ina yamaluwa - amatha kupulumuka chisanu mwachisanu ndi chipale chofewa, popanda kutentha kwina.

Tchire la volumetric la maluwa ophimba pansi ndi oyera oyera mogwirizana mogwirizana ndi mpanda wa njerwa zofiira, zomwe zimapangitsa maziko abwino kwambiri a rosary

Nthambi zakugwa zokhala ndi duwa loyera pansi zimatha kukulitsa chidebe chilichonse, ngakhale chopangidwa ndi njerwa wamba

Malangizo ena opanga maluwa a rose ndi mtundu uliwonse wa rose: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/rozarij-svoimi-rukami.html

Kusankha maluwa okumbika monga chokongoletsera cha mundawo, simudzalakwitsa konse - kukhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa, zokwawa ndi mitundu yaukapoti sizifunikira ndalama zambiri pantchito yokonza ndipo, mosasamala kanthu kalikonse, nthawi zonse zimakondweretsa.