Momwe mungasamalire zipatso zamatcheri mu kasupe ndi yophukira: malangizo atsatanetsatane

Masika ndi nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi ziwiri pomwe mitengo yomwe ili m'mundamo ikusintha kwambiri. Kwa wosamalira dimba, nthawi yonseyi ndi nthawi ina ndizovutikira kwambiri pantchito yomwe yachitika. Zomwe zili pansipa zikuthandizani kukonza chisamaliro cha chitumbuwa munthawi ya kusintha ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri.

Masiku okula, kalendala ya ntchito

Njira zonse zofunika posamalira mitengo yamatchire ndizovuta kuzisintha kuti zikhale zosavuta, chifukwa ambiri mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, kudyetsa kapena kukonza kuchokera ku tizirombo, kumayenera kumangidwa payekhapayekha. Olima ena amasamalira mitengo ya tizirombo kamodzi kasupe ndi kamodzi kumapeto, ena amafunika mpaka 4-5 kuchiza pa nyengo.

Kalenda yayikulu ntchito: tebulo

Zochizira ku tizirombo ndi matenda ziyenera kumangidwa payekhapayekha. Matenda ena amafunika pafupipafupi, mankhwala olemekezeka nthawi, mwachitsanzo, amathandizira dothi kuteteza nkhanambo ngakhale isanayambike masika, kumayambiriro kwa kufalikira kwa masamba, mutatha maluwa komanso mutakolola.

Kusamalira kwake kumatha kuwoneka pakukolola ndi kukula pachaka - osachepera 30 cm masentimita pa nyengo. Kupeza kwakukulu sikungakukondweretsenso - izi zikutanthauza kuti mbewuyo yadzala ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, imabala zipatso, ndipo simakhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera bwino nyengo yachisanu.

Inde, nthawi yake imasiyanasiyana madera. Simuyenera kuganizira kwambiri masiku ngati zochitika zina zachilengedwe: chiyambi cha kuyamwa kwamasamba, chiyambi cha chisanu chokhazikika, nyengo nyengo. Munthawi yomwe akufuna, malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, mitundu iyi ikugwiridwa:

1. Kumasulira dothi lozungulira mitengo.
2. Kupalira.
3. Kuyendera matenda, kusamalira tizilombo, mankhwala osakhazikika.
4. Kuthirira.

Kucheka chitumbuwa cha thunthu chisanayambe kuyamwa

Kufalikira kwamatcheri - njira zazikulu

Cherry imafalitsidwa bwino ndi zonse zomwe zingatheke, zonse zakudimba ndi mbewu. Zachidziwikire, nthawi yobzala mbewu, si mitundu yonse yomwe ilandila mitundu, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti njirayi ndiyotchuka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pakubala wamatcheri obzala, omwe amabwereza bwino zizindikiro za amayi, chifukwa chomera kapena mitengo yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi zovuta zakomweko.

Kufalikira kwamatcheri odulidwa masika

Zidulidwa zimatengedwa ngati zobiriwira - nthawi yotentha, ndikulemekezedwa - masamba atagwa komanso pamaso podzuka kwa impso.

Kufalikira kwa chitumbuwa chodula

Zidula zimakolola kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena nthawi yozizira. Amangotengedwa pamtengo wathanzi. Dongosolo - zosakwana 4 mm. Amasungidwa mufiriji mpaka masika. Kodi muzu?

1. Ndikofunikira kuti mizu iyambe kukula kale kuposa impso. Kupanda kutero, phesi lidzafa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyika chogwiracho pakokha kuzizirira, ndipo mizu - pamatenthedwe.
2. Tsitsimutsani kudula kumapeto kwa chogwirizira, pangani kudula kwamtondo pafupi ndi khungwa, 3-4 cm lirilonse.
3. Impso zotsika, ngati zochulukira ndizambiri.
4. Kuti mufufuze malo omwe akutulutsa mizu yamtsogolo ndi chowonjezera (Kornevin, Epin) malinga ndi malangizo.
5. Bzalani zodulidwazo m'mabokosi, ndikuyembekeza kuti 10-15 masentimita amalo azikhala mu phesi lililonse.
6. Dothi - kuchokera ku utuchi ndi dothi mulifupi mwa 3 mpaka 1. The osakaniza ayenera lotayirira, kupuma. Mutha kutsitsa chikwangwani chilichonse m'maphukusi osiyana, kenaka ndikuyika m'bokosi wamba, kotero kuti pambuyo pake ndikosavuta kuziwonjezera.
7. Zodulidwa zimayikidwa molunjika, kuti zidutswazo zibisika ndi 1 cm.
8. Bokosi lokhalo limayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira, chowala.
9. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa dothi, zosavuta ndizowoneka ngati nyali wamba zamkati mwa chidebe chomwe chili ndi mabowo, pomwe bokosi limayikidwa.
10. Pakatha masiku 10, mizu imayamba kuonekera.
11. Kuika mbewu zazing'ono m'thaka.

Kufalikira kwamatcheri odulidwa obiriwira

Zidula zimakololedwa mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Nthambi zamphamvu zobiriwira zimasankhidwa kuchokera kumbali yakumwera. Dulani m'mavuto. Zodulidwa zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi, nsonga zokhala ndi masamba zimadulidwa. Pali zodulidwa ndi masamba angapo. Amabzala m'bokosi lodzaza ndi mpweya wosakanikirana ndi mpweya. M'nyengo yozizira, mabokosiwo amakumbidwa, kasupe, odulidwa mizu amawasamutsira kumalo okhazikika. Malamulo okubzala ndiofanana ndi ana ang'ono.

Zomera zopangidwa kuchokera kumadimba obiriwira zimayamba kubala zipatso chaka chatha kubzala m'malo okhazikika.

Kufalikira kwamatcheri ndi mphukira

Kukula kwamatcheri kuchokera kumizu yamizu ndi imodzi mwanjira zosavuta. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mizu yodulidwa imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wamayi, kukapumira pakona madigiri 45. Mukangotulutsa mphukira zatsopano, zimasungidwa kumalo osatha.

25 wazaka wazaka chitumbuwa wazungulira mtengo

Zomera kufalitsa yamatcheri: katemera

Njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, yayikulu-zipatso komanso mitundu yakachedwa. Akabzala kuchokera ku mbewu, mitundu yotereyi siyilandira cholowa chamtundu umodzi, imatenga nthawi yayitali kudikira zokolola kuchokera pa chaka chimodzi. Inocrate yamatcheri ndi nthangala za budding, kukopera, kugawanika ndi khungwa. Amatcheri amtchire, ma cherries, plums amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati katundu. Mizu yabwino kwambiri yamatcheri imadziwika kuti ndi njoka yamtchire yamtchire, ma setini a Rubin, OVP-2, P-7, VTs-13 ndi VSL-2 yaying'ono.

Kukula Cherry kuchokera ku Bone

Kukula kwamatcheri kuchokera ku mbewu kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mbewu zolimba zizolowere nyengo yamtchire. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa amitundu yamatchu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mbewu, monga mitengo yonse yamiyala yomwe imakumana ndi nthawi yayitali, imafunikira. Njira yabwino: kumasula nthanga zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku zamkati, ziwalole, zisakanikirane ndi mchenga, ndikuyika mu firiji yayikulu kwa miyezi isanu. Chapakatikati (Epulo-Marichi) kubzala m'miphika. Dothi likangotha ​​kutentha, mbande zazing'ono zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika. Ngati zinthu zitha, mutha kuyendetsa mafupawo mu vivo: pamenepa, amafesedwa mu kugwa.

Kutsirira kwamatcheri ambiri

Amatcheri osagwira chilala, sakonda chinyezi chambiri. Komabe, mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, ngati ndi ouma kwambiri, yamatcheri amadzaza madzi ambiri. Masabata 3-4 asanakolole, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa. Kuthirira kwambiri kumabweretsa matenda, zipatsozo zimasweka ndikuvunda. Kwa mtengo umodzi wamtchire, zidebe ziwiri za madzi zimafunikira mchaka choyamba cha moyo. Bwerezani kangapo 4-5 pachaka kapena kangapo, mpaka nthawi 15, ndiye kuti, 1 nthawi iliyonse masabata 1-2 - mafupipafupi amatengera zomwe zachitika. Mulimonsemo, kumbukirani kuti mbande zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mizu yaying'ono, yomwe ili kumtunda wapansi. Itha kuuma mwachangu mokwanira, kotero mu chaka choyamba yamatcheri amalabadira kwambiri. Mitengo yakale imathiriridwa katatu pachaka, mutenga zidebe za 2-4 pamtengo, kutengera kukula kwake. Nthawi yothirira - madzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri, musamamwe madzi masanawa.

Kutsirira koyenera pafupifupi mitengo yonse yazipatso ndi chimodzimodzi. Ikufotokozedwa pansipa pamalangizo atsatanetsatane ndi chithunzi kumayambiriro kwa kucha:

1. Mphete ndi mikanda zimapangidwa mozungulira mtengo. Izi zimachitika kuti madzi asafalikire pamalowo.
   

   Groove kuzungulira chitumbuwa mtengo kuthirira

2. Madzi sayenera kuyandikira pafupi ndi thunthu, kuti asayambitse kutentha ndi matenda a makungwa.
   

   Mtengo umodzi wachikulire uzitengera ndowa zisanu zamalita 10

3. Madziwo atamwetsa madzi, mutha kuthyola poyambira pang'onopang'ono ndi wowaza kuti chinyontho chisachoke kwambiri.
   

   Kuti chinyontho chisasanduke, dothi lozungulira mtengo limasulidwa ndikugundidwa ndi wowaza

Kodi ndizotheka kuthira madzi otentha pamatcheri

Madzi owiritsa, ngakhale kusanachitike impso, amathiriridwa ndimadzi zipatso kuti achotse tizirombo. Madziwo atadzilowetsa mu chilinganizo ndikuperekera kumtengowo, chimazizira mpaka pakufunika kutentha - 80 ° C. Njira yakaleyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ma jamu, currants. Palibe zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha pokonza ma cherries. Palibe amene anayesera njira ngati imeneyi, kapena kuyesera, koma osachita bwino, ndipo monga njira wowerengeka, sanazike mizu. Kwa yamatcheri ndi zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso, monga maapulo ndi mapeyala, gwiritsani ntchito kutsitsi la Bordeaux.

Kodi kuthirira kwamatcheri mu kasupe, chilimwe, yophukira

Yoyamba kasupe kuthirira - nthawi yomweyo mutabzala mmera. Izi ndizofunikira kuphatikiza dothi lozungulira mtengo ndikupereka mizu mwakupulumuka. Chapakatikati, zimayang'ana nthawi yamaluwa, zomwe zimatengera dera. Komanso kuthirira kungafunike pa nthawi yakucha ndi kudzaza zipatso. Gwira dothi ngati louma komanso laimvi mpaka pakuya kwa wowaza, ndipo nyengo yadzuwa ndi youma, mtengowo uyenera kuthiriridwa.

Masamba a mitengo yamatcheri, ulimi wothirira chisanachitike kapena chanyontho umachitika, izi zimalola mitengo kuti ikonzekere bwino dzinja. Ngakhale boma limapumula, nthawi yozizira, mitengo sinathenso chinyontho. Pofuna kupewa kuzizira nthawi yozizira komanso kupatsa mizu malo abwino, kubwezeretsa chinyontho ndikofunikira. Iyenera kukhala yochulukirapo, imatenga madzi okwanira malita 40 mpaka 100, kutengera kukula ndi mitengo ya mitengo.

Kusinthasintha kwa chisamaliro cha chitumbuwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana aulimi

Cherry si mbewu yofunika kwambiri; imakula bwino ndipo imabala zipatso ku Ukraine, ku Belarus. Ku Urals, ku Western ndi Eastern Siberia, ku Far East, ndibwino kusankha mitundu yosinthidwa mogwirizana ndi zigawo zinazi. Pakatikati, chikhalidwe chimakula bwino, pachimake, koma muyenera kulimbikira kuti mbewu zitheke.

Kusamalira moyenera kumayambira posankha mitundu yamadera anu:

1. Dera la Moscow ndi zigawo zakumpoto zambiri, mwachitsanzo, dera la Tver: Turgenevskaya, Morozovka, Kharitonovskaya, Dessert Morozova, Zhukovskaya, Griot Moscow, adamva Natalie.
2. Chigawo chachikulu cha kum'mawa kwa Asia chinali chachikulu kwambiri: Alice, Krasnaya Fairy, Tsarevna, Natalie.
3. Steppe chitumbuwa cha Siberia: Ob, Blizzard, Krasa Altai, Maksimovskaya, Altai kumeza ndi mitundu ina yosankhidwa ndi Altai.
4. Ku Siberia, mitundu ya maluwa mochedwa ndiyofunika kusankha. Koma kumbukirani kuti pali mitundu yochepa kwambiri ya zipatso zodziwika bwino m'zigawo izi, mu 2018 ku State Register pali mtundu umodzi wokha - Gradskaya, wopangira Urals. Muyenera kuyang'ana ma cherries, ma hybrids, kapena kukulitsa ma cherries ndikumalumikiza pamatangadza osagwira chisanu.

Malo ofunikira kwambiri kutengera dera:

1. M'madera ozizira, ndikofunikira kukhazikika kwamatcheri nthawi yozizira - mitundu ina nkhuni imayandama, m'maluwa ena amafa. Nthambi za yamatcheri azitsamba zimakutidwa kuti chipale chofewa chimabisa chilichonse. Mumtundu wokhazikika, thunthu limakulungidwa. Ganizirani chitetezo pamiyala, kuchulukana.
2. Pali ndemanga kuti kuyesa kulikonse kulima kwamaluwa m'munda ku Siberia, ku Urals, kulephera. Vutoli limathetsedwa m'njira zingapo: kukulira mbande kuchokera ku mbewu, kusankha ndikugula mitundu yoyenera m'malo a nazale, kukonzekera dothi koyenera. Nthawi zambiri chidwi chochepa chimaperekedwa pokonza dothi, ndipo iyi ndi nthawi yabwino yosamalidwa - zolakwa sizingaoneke msanga, koma zikuthandizadi.
3. Pakati panjira, yamatcheri amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi moniliosis. Chithandizo chokhazikika ndichofunika.

Kuteteza tsinde la chitumbuwa kuti lisawonongeke ndi makoswe

Zolemba posamalira mitundu yamatcheri osiyanasiyana

Mwa mitundu yopitilira 100 yamatchuthi omwe amapezeka mu chilengedwe, monga lamulo, awiri okha ndi okhwima m'minda ya zipatso: wamba yamatcheri ndipo amamva zipatso zake. Zalala imatchedwa yachiwiri. Palinso mitundu ina yamatcheri: glandular (mpaka 1.5 m), warty (kuchokera pa 0.5 m mpaka 1 m), tsitsi laimvi (mpaka 1.5 m), Kuril (mpaka 1.5 m), steppe (kuchokera 20 masentimita mpaka 1.5 m, mchenga (mpaka 1.5 m), koma ndi osowa komanso ali ndichindunji. Iwo, limodzi ndi omverera, amasankhidwa ngakhale mu mtundu wina - ma microcherry. Ali pafupi kwambiri ndi plums, samadutsa ndi ma cherries wamba, koma amalolera zipatso zambiri zamwala zogwirizana: plums, apricot, mapichesi. Masiku ano, pamaziko a ma cherries awa, mitundu yambiri, yaying'ono ndi yaying'ono, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, idadulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, imodzi mwazipatso zokhala ngati ma steppe am'tsogolo ndi a Stepeppe. Tchire limakula kwenikweni, ndipo lili ndi korona wozungulira, wotentha kwambiri, wokhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono komanso tart. Ponena za mchenga wamchenga, lero ku Russian Federation mitundu 6 yokha ndiyolembetsa ndipo yonseyi imavomerezedwa kulembetsa kokha mu 2018.

Tcherani khutu. Malingaliro a ogulitsa ochenjera pakufuna kwa wamaluwa kuti azikhala ndiung'ono, koma mbewu zopanga bwino m'munda sizinadutse ndi chitumbuwa. Mitundu yambiri yomwe imagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina loti "lodzaza", "zipatso zazing'ono" sizikuphatikizidwa mu State Record, zili ndi chiyambi chosadziwika, zomwe zimadziwika sizikudziwika ndi aliyense.

Tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito mfundo zazikulu zosamalira ma cherries ena:

1. Steppe Cherry. Chotupa chowoneka bwino, pali mitundu yonse. Ogonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi chisanu. Kukololedwa ngakhale m'malo ozizira, chifukwa nthawi yachisanu ndikokwanira kupeta nthambi kuti chipale chofunda chimaphimbe bwino. Monga lamulo, limakhala lopanda chonde, motero mitundu ingapo imabzalidwe pafupi. Amapanga kukula kwamizu yambiri, komwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pobereka. Zimafalitsidwa bwino ndi masamba obiriwira.
2. Mchenga wamchere. Kwawo - North America, chifukwa chake, m'dziko lathu limakhala kunyumba. Zosakhazikika, zimakula mwachangu, zimakonda malo otseguka dzuwa, dothi labwinobwino. Ku chakudya chopatsa thanzi sikufunika. Zimalekerera chisanu ndi chilala.
3. Cherryinin Cherry. Amadziwikanso kuti Russian sakura.Mitundu ya Alba Plen ndi Rosea Plen ndiyodabwitsa kwambiri. Koyambira ku Korea, China, madera akumwera kwa Primorsky Territory. Mwachikondi, zipatso zake ndizakudya, nthawi yozizira-koma, koma mu ozizira kwambiri omwe alibe mphukira amatha kuwonongeka. Itha kumera m'madera ambiri a Russia, koma, kwenikweni, m'malo a Urals kapena Siberia okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, ifunika pabwino chisanu. Zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo ikangowopseza kuzizira.
4. Tsabola wamtundu. Osadzinjirira, osagwirizana ndi chilala, koma amakonda kutentha, owonongeka kwambiri ndi chisanu. Chifukwa chake, iwo amabzala m'malo otentha a Russia. Ndiwotchuka ku Turkey, Transcaucasia.
5. Kuril chitumbuwa. Koyambira kuchokera ku Sakhalin ndi madera akumpoto kwa Japan. Zokongoletsa kwambiri mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, pomwe masamba amakhala ofiira owala. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono. Imafunikira kutetezedwa ndi mphepo, yolimba kwambiri, koma imakonda. Adabzala m'malo abwino owilidwa ndi dothi lopezeka bwino.
6. Warty Cherry. Kuthengo, amakula ku Tajikistan, Altai, ndi Pamirs. Zoonadi tating'ono phiri. Zosowa ngati yamatcheri ambiri: malo owala dzuwa, dothi la hygroscopic, osasowa chinyezi. Ndi osowa kwambiri mchikhalidwe.

Maluwa atumbuwa

Kodi kukula chitumbuwa chochepa bwanji

Kukula kumayamba ndikusankha mitundu. Ngati palibe chikhumbo chofuna kutenga zoopsa, ndibwino kuti musankhe chitumbuwa. Amachokera ku China, motero amatchedwa Chinese. Chomera chadzidziwitsa kale ku Russia: yozizira-Hardy, chofalikira mosavuta kuchokera ku mbewu, zipatso zochulukirapo, zothandiza kwambiri pakamasamba. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri, kuyambira kucha mpaka kucha mochedwa, pali ena osowa, mwachitsanzo, mitundu ingapo ya Belaya yokhala ndi zonona.

Makhalidwe ofunikira kwambiri amchere:

1. Mitundu yamatcheri abwinobwino ndi kumverera ali kutali kwambiri ndipo samaberekana.
2. Kukolola kucha kuyambira kumapeto kwa June mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi.
3. Maluwa kumapeto kwa Meyi, nthawi yayitali komanso yambiri, kwa masabata awiri. Maluwa amalekerera chisanu mpaka -3 ° C.
4. Ayamba kubala zipatso oyambirira: Zomera zodulidwa zobiriwira kwa zaka zitatu, kumezanitsidwa - kwa 2, kuchokera ku mbewu - kwa 4.
5. Pachilala, zipatso zimatha kukhala zazing'ono, koma osakonda kukhetsa.
6. Zipatso zimapsa masiku 10, zimatha kupachikidwa pamtengo kwanthawi yayitali.
7. Zokolola kuchokera kuthengo ndi 5.5-14 kg. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, zolembedwa ndizotheka - mpaka 20 makilogalamu kuchokera kuthengo.
8. Zimalekerera chisanu. Kutentha kotsika -40 ° C, nthambi za mafupa zimatha kuyatsidwa mwa iye. Chifukwa chake, tchire la nthawi yozizira limalemedwa, kukanikizidwa, ndikakulungidwa ndi burlap, kuti nthawi yayitali chipale chofewa chikhale chofundira ndi chipale chofewa. Nthambi zachisanu zimadulidwa mchaka.
9. Zomera zimaberekanso bwino podzilimitsa.

Adadziona yamatcheri pa maluwa

Kulima kwamatcheri achichepere achi China (ankamverera) sikusiyana kwambiri ndi malamulo amtengo wamatcheri:

1. Zomera zopangidwa ndi mbewu kapena njira zamasamba zibzalidwe m'malo abwino. Mthunzi, yamatcheri ndi yayitali kwambiri, yobala zipatso kwambiri.
2. Mtunda pakati pa mbande ndi 1.5-2 m, kutsekedwa kwa korona - kwa zaka 8-10.
3. Nthaka ndi yopepuka, loam kapena sandy loam, yoyenda bwino. Acidic, mchere, dothi lolemera, nthaka yayitali yamadzi, dothi ladothi, dothi, peat bog - mitundu yonseyi ya dothi ndi yosayenera kulimidwa. Mtengowo ungabzalidwe mwa iwo, iwo umakula, koma simuyenera kuyembekeza zokolola zabwino ndi kubzala zabwino, ndipo patatha zaka 2-3 chitumbuwa chimafa.
4. Mukabzala komanso kukonza dothi, nyengo yanyumbayi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Ngati dera lili louma mokwanira, loam ndiyabwino. Komwe nthawi yotentha imakhala yozizira komanso yonyowa, kunyamula mchenga kumakhala bwino kwambiri.
5. Chonde chonde sichofunikira, chimatha kumera panthaka zosauka. Chokha chomwe sichingathe kuyimirira ndi kusunthika kwa chinyezi. Mizu yogwira ya yamatcheri osagona - mpaka 30-35 masentimita, ndikofunikira kusamalira mawonekedwe a nthaka. Iyenera kudutsa chinyezi komanso mpweya wabwino.
6. Sakonda dothi la acidic. Musanabzale kenako ndikumveka kuwongolera acidity ya dothi ndi mayeso a litmus. Mulingo wofunikira wa acidity ndi 6.7-7.1 pH.

Zipatso za zomverera (Chinese) chitumbuwa zipse

Chisamaliro cha chitumbuwa cha China

Kusiya sikulinso kosiyana kwambiri ndi kusamalira ma cherries wamba. Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira:

1. F Cher chitumbuwa chimakula kwambiri. Chomera chimayamba kubala zipatso, motero, komanso kukalamba mwachangu. Mukamachoka, kudulira kwambiri komanso kukalamba kwa odana ndi ukalamba kudzafunika. Zimachitika mukamakula kukula kwa korona, kapena zaka 4-5 zilizonse.
2. M'chaka chodzala, dulani 1/3 kapena 1/4 ya kutalika kwa nthambi zazikulu.
3. Chitsamba chachikulire sichisiya masamba 12 olimba. Anadzaza chitumbuwa chizolowera kukula.
4. Nthambi za pachaka amazidulira pokhapokha ngati zazitali kwambiri - 60 cm, pamenepa 1/3 kutalika kwake amazidulira.
5. Mtengowo utazirala, 1 mita imodzi yotsekera kupanga: 5-7 makilogalamu a organics, 70 g wa phosphorous, 30 g ya nayitrogeni, 20 g wa potaziyamu.
6. Nthawi imodzi mu zaka 5 amawononga. Kukumba dothi, ndikuyika padera lililonse. m. 200-300 g wa laimu woterera.
7. Kufalikira ndi mbewu, kudula wobiriwira, kumalumikiza ndi budding kapena kudula. Osowa kwambiri, amawona kuti chitumbuwa chimafalitsidwa chifukwa cha masanjidwe kapena kuduladula. Njira yosankhira kubereka zimatengera dera. Ndi madzi osakhazikika a kasupe komanso chiopsezo cha kutentha kwa thunthu, ndibwino kubzala mbewu zometanitsa. Amatcheri achichepere obiriwira obiriwira odulidwa amasamala kwambiri chinyezi.
8. Mbande za maula, ma apurikoti, ndi mafuta am'madzi a VVA-1 atha kukhala ngati katundu.

Kudulira komanso kudula

Kudulira kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi malo osangalatsa kwambiri. Amakhulupilira kuti mitengo yamatcheri imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izi, ndibwino kuti muzidula pokhapokha mutakula. Palinso chinthu china: ndikuganiza kuti sichoyenera kudula mtengo ngati ukuophimbidwa ndi maluwa. Komabe, kupatulira kwamatcheri ndikofunikira ngati pali kufunitsitsa kulandira osati maluwa okongola okha, komanso kukolola kwakukulu. Kumbali ina, kwa zoyambira, njira yodulira yokha, makamaka ikafika pamtengo wakale, ndizovuta kwambiri. Masiku ano, kuli akatswiri ena omwe amabwera, omwe, kuti awalipire, adzayendetsa kudulira kwamatchuthi akuluakulu.

Malamulo akuluakulu odulira zipatso

Malamulo odulira amatengera mtundu wa chitumbuwa: chitsamba kapena chokhala ngati mtengo. Zipatso zoyambirira zimapezeka pachaka zophuka pachaka, ngati zipatso zamitengo, kuwonjezera pa kakulidwe kazaka, zimapanga nthambi zambiri. Masamba a maluwa amapezeka panthambi za pachaka kuchokera kunja kwa korona. Cherry amayamba kubala zipatso kumayambiriro kwa nthambi zam pachaka, zomwe ndi kupitiriza kwa mafupa. Ndi m'badwo wa mtengo, pofika zaka 15-20, zophuka pachaka zimafooka kwambiri, nthambi zamalopa zimakhala zopanda kanthu, zokolola zimachepa. Pa zophuka pachaka zazitali kuposa 40-50 masentimita, maluwa ndi masamba ophukira amapangidwa, pazifupi, maluwa amapangidwa kokha m'mphepete, ndipo omwe amakula pamwamba. Mukakolola, nthambi zotere zimakhalabe zopanda kanthu.

Kudulira kwamtundu: malamulo oyambira

Momwe mungachepetse yamatcheri mu kasupe

Mfundo zazikulu zodulira nthambi kapena mtengo wamtengo:

1. Musanadulire, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe kuwombera kwapachaka kwadongosolo kumapangidwira. Ili ndi maluwa komanso masamba onse atatu, omwe amaphatikiza 2-3 pa mfundo imodzi. Chikale chitsamba, chaching'ono chimakula. Kukula kwakanthawi pachaka - 20 cm - masamba opezekera amapezeka pokhapokha.
2. Mumitengo, maluwa amapezeka mosiyanasiyana: pa nthambi zamaluwa, zipatso ndi kukhala zaka zingapo.
3. Kutalika kokwanira pachaka pachitsamba kwamatchire ndi 30-40 cm.
4. Ngati kukula ndikutalika kwa masentimita 50, kuthana ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni kapena kuzizira kwa impso kumachitika. Kukula kwakutali kumatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa maluwa.
5. Nthambi zomwe zili pansi pa korona zimadulidwa kum nthambi zomwe zimayendetsedwa pamwamba.
6. Ngati kukula kutalika kulibe 20 cm, muyenera kudulira kwambiri kuti mupewe kukalamba. Amachotsa nthambi zonse zopanda thanzi, zomwe zopanda nthambi ndi zophuka.
7. Ngati kudulira kuli kofunika, onetsetsani kudulira pang'ono kuti mtengo usataye nthawi yambiri nthawi.
8. Hemps samachoka pakudulira.

Kuyesa malamulo a mphete ndi kumasulira

Momwe mungachotsere Cherry m'derali

Cherry - kutengera mitundu ndi mitundu, mwachidziwikire - amapanga mphukira zingapo zingapo. Kuwomberaku kumachotsedwa nthawi zonse: pofuna kubereka, ndikuti satenga nyonga kuchokera ku mtengo waukulu. Imachitika mophweka - mphukira imadulidwa kumizu. Ndikofunikira kuchita izi kuti chomera chatsopano chisayambe kukula kuchoka pamasamba angapo. Ndipo izi ndizowonjezereka kuposa ngati mphukira zimangodula kapena kudula pamwamba pamtunda.

Kuti tichotse mphukira moyenera, mphukira iliyonse imakumbidwa mosamala, kufikira mizu yayikulu ya mtengo. Mbale imadulidwa kuchokera muzu, chilondacho chimathandizidwa ndi var vars.

Kukula kwa yamatcheri kumachotsedwa ku kukula kwa mizu yayikulu

Pali njira yochotsera mphukira ndi mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba - Roundup, Secateurs, Hurricane. Mphukira zosafunikira zimatengedwa ngati namsongole. Koma siwamalimi onse omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Popewa kukula kwakukula m'deralo, mizu yamatcheri imatsekedwa. Amagwiritsa ntchito linoleum, slate, mbiya zachikale za 200 l (amazidula m'mphete), koma dongosololo liyenera kuganiziridwa ndikukonzekera musanadzalemo mbande.

Momwe mungachotsere yamatcheri m'mundamo kwamuyaya

Zoyenera kuchita ngati kuli kofunika kuchotsa chakale, chodwala kapena chitsamba, kuti mtsogolo mphukira sikusokoneza mbewu zina? Mafunso apadera amayamba chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa mizu - pambuyo pake, mizu payokha imatha kutalika kwa mamita 3-5. Kuyimira kukula kwa mizu, yang'anani kukula kwa korona. Ngati kutalika kwa chitumbuwa ndi mamita awiri, ndiye kuti mizu yake ndi yofanana kutalika. Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono ndi omwe mungathe kuchotsa mtengo wamtengo wapatali:

1. Konzani thirakitara.
2. Mtengowo udafayidwa, ndikusiya thunthuwo kutalika kwa mita 1-1,5.
3. Mizu yokulira mosamala. Izi ndikupangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yosavuta kutulutsa ndi mizu yonse.
4. Mangani mtengowo kwa thirakitala ndi chingwe cholimba.
5. Chotsani mtengo.

Njira imeneyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri. Mizu yochepa yokha ndiyomwe yatsala padziko lapansi, yomwe siyokhayo yomwe singakhale nayo moyo. Malowa akhoza kukonzedwa kuti afikire kutsata kotsatira.

Kuchotsa mizu sikugwira ntchito, pamafunika nthawi yambiri komanso khama.

Pali maphikidwe ndi mchere:

1. Chotsani korona mumtengowo.
2. Kukumba mtengo, kuwaza mizu yayikulu komanso yapakatikati.
3. Kugubuduza thunthu, dulani mizu yomwe ili pafupi ndi pakati pake.
4. Mizu yayitali ikadulidwa, dulani thunthu lija momwe mungathere.
5. Finyani hemp ndi mchere, wokutira mu cellophane.
6. Chokani kwa chaka chimodzi.
7. Chaka chotsatira, chitsa chizivunda.

Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kwa njirayi: kuyeretsa nthaka sikothandiza zomera.

Momwe mungachotsere mizu ya chitumbuwa osazula

Popanda kuzika mizu, pali njira imodzi yokha yowonongera zopopera ndi mizu ya mbewu zakale kapena zosafunikira: mankhwala. Zotsalira zamatenthedwe zimawotchedwa ndi wothandizila wina oxidizing - nitrate. Zimakupatsani mwayi wowononga ngakhale mizu yakuya. Njirayi ndi yosavuta: pachitsa kapena zotsalira za mtengo, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe, mabowo ambiri amawombedwa. Potaziyamu kapena sodium nitrate imatsanuliridwa m'miyeso yomwe yapezeka, yothiriridwa ndi madzi kuti azilowerera bwino, kukulunga ndi filimu, komanso kavalidwe.

Zidutswa zoyala chitsa cha ammonium zimakokedwa mozungulira kuzungulira kwa chitsa

Pamtengo wokulirapo komanso thunthu wa masentimita 15, awiri makilogalamu a nitrate amafunikira.

Zitsa zimathandizidwa motere sizikhudzidwa mpaka chilimwe chotsatira. Nthawi imeneyi, mizu yonse ndi chitsa pachokha, pazomwe zimachitika. Yembekezerani kuti mtengowo uume kwathunthu mvula ikagwa. Tsopano ndikokwanira kuyatsa moto pafupi ndi chitsa. Ikapsa, dothi limakumbidwa. Ndizo zonse - malowo ndi mfulu kwathunthu, simungachite mantha ndi mawonekedwe a mizu kukula kwamatcheri.

M'malo mwa ammonium nitrate, mutha kutenga urea. Njira zotsatila ndizofanana.

Ngakhale ikuyenda bwino, njirayi ili ndi zovuta. Nitrate ndi feteleza wabwino, koma munthawi ya chitsa chake dothi limadzaza ndi iro, zomwe zingavulaze zipatso zambiri kapena mbewu zamatumba.

Onani njira zotetezera pogwira ntchito ndi mankhwala!

Kuchotsa chitsa

Zachidziwikire, mutabzala zipatso zamtchire kapena kubzala mitengo payokha, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana nkhani zofunika kwambiri: ukadaulo wodulira, malingaliro ake posankhira zosiyanasiyana kudera lanu, kuteteza zipatso zamatenda, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri ku Middle Strip m'zaka zaposachedwa. Zonsezi, komanso chisamaliro choyenera mu nthawi yophukira komanso yophukira, zidzakuthandizani kulandira zokolola zambiri.