Mphesa "Tukay" wakula m'madera ambiri a Russia. Zadzikhazikitsa zokha ngati nyengo yozizira-yolimba, yolimba ndi yakucha m'mawu oyambirira.
Ndipo khalidwe lopitirira la zipatso zake limadabwitsa - zokolola zimatha kusungidwa pafupifupi nyengo yonse yozizira.
Poganizira zochitika zonsezi, ndizotheka kukula kotuta kwa zipatso za Tukay ndi zonunkhira chaka chilichonse.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Mphesa woyera "Tukay" limatanthawuza mitundu ya tebulo ndi kukwirira koyambirira. Zimatchuka kwambiri pakati pa amateur wamaluwa. Zosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse amapereka mkulu zokolola, ndipo zipatso zake zabwino kukoma.
"Tukay" amakula kuti adye zipatso zatsopano komanso kuphika.
Zina mwa mitundu yoyera tebulo amadziwikanso Kukondwa White, Amethyst Novocherkassky ndi Amirkhan.
Tukai mphesa: zofotokozera zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu ya mphesa ya Tukai ndi chitsamba chokula komanso chofutukuka chokhala ndi mpesa wamphamvu.
Masamba pamphukira ake ndi ochepa. Mu mawonekedwe, iwo ali ofanana ndi dzira ndi malo ogawanika pakati ndi ophatikizana pamphepete. Mphesa ndi zazikulu, kulemera kwa 800 g kufika 1.5 makilogalamu. Maonekedwe a masangowa ndi cylindroconic ndi nthambi, omwe amatha kusokonezeka popanda pea.
Kulemera kwa zipatso "Tukay" hesitates kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 g. Maonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi ovunda, ndipo mtundu ndi wobiriwira. Kutuluka mu dzuwa lowala, iwo amakhala ndi "tani" yotchedwa brownish.
Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri komanso zokoma komanso zokoma kwambiri. Khungu lawo ndi lolimba komanso lakuda kwambiri, koma pamene lifufuzidwa, silimveka.
Masika a Muscat, Mphatso Nesvetaya ndi Platovsky adatchulidwa muscat kukoma.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga mu zipatso - kuyambira 17 mpaka 19%ndipo acidity ndi kuyambira 5 mpaka 6 g / l. Ophunzira amawerengera kukoma kwa mphesa "Tukay" pa mfundo 9.
Thandizo: Maluwa "Tukai" bisexual, choncho safuna mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mungu wochokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Maluwa okwatirana amodzi ali ndi Vodogray, Liana ndi Libya.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa "Tukay":
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
"Tukay" amachotsedwa obereketsa otchuka VNIIViV dzina lake Ya I. I. Potapenkowomwe uli mumzinda wa Novocherkassk ndipo unapatsa dziko lonse mitundu yambiri ya mphesa.
Makolo "Tukaya" - Zosiyanasiyana za ku Central Asia "Yakdona" ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maolivi Peyala Saba, kumene latsopano zosiyanasiyana analandira ozizira kukana ndi oyambirira kusasitsa.
Mitundu yabwino ngati Super Extra, Kukongola kwa kumpoto, Isabella akhoza kudzitama kwambiri chisanu kukana.
Makhalidwewa amakulolani kuti mukule bwino "Tukay" osati kumwera kwa Russia, komanso kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa dzikoli, komanso ku Urals ndi Siberia.
Zizindikiro
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapanga zakudya zolimba komanso zolimba.
Pakatikati, mukhoza kudya mphesa "Tukay" mu July.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri zotetezeka. Zipatso zabwino zimatha kukhalabe kuthengo kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kutaya kukoma kwawo.
Choyambirira, Attica ndi Knight amasonyezanso kuti akhoza kusungidwa bwino mutatha kusonkhanitsa.
Ndipo mutatha kukolola mphesa "Tukay" ikhoza kusungidwa mpaka April chaka chamawa. Mtundu uwu umapanga "Tukay" poyamba pa mbeu yosungira mbeu pakati pa mitundu ya European.
Iye adziwonetsa yekha bwino ndipo poyenda - zipatso sizimasokoneza ndipo musayambe kuyenda.
Thandizo: Kwa nthawi yaitali yosungiramo mphesa, mphesa zimayikidwa mu chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wozizira ndi mpweya wabwino kuyambira 1 mpaka 8 ° C. Izi zikhoza kukhala pansi pansi, pantry kapena firiji.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yowonjezera zipatso za inflorescences, chifukwa kukula kwa chipatso ndi masamba a masango kumachepa.
Pachifukwa ichi, "Tukay", komanso Dubovsky Pink ndi Vodogray akuyenera kugawa mbewu.
Pakuti izi, yochepa ndi sing'anga kudulira wa mphukira ikuchitika mu kugwa, ndipo m'chaka ofooka mphukira ndi owonjezera masamba amachotsedwa. Ndi ichi load on the bush "Tukaya" ayenera kukhala kuyambira maso 35 mpaka 45. Pamene kudulira mipesa yopatsa zipatso muyenera kusiya pa iwo kuyambira 6 mpaka 8 maso.
"Tukay" chisanu cholimba kwambiri. Iye amatha kulimbana ndi kuzizira kwachisanu kutentha kwa mpweya kufika -23 ° C. Zomwezo ndizofanana ndi chisanu chotsutsa chimakhala ndi Richelieu, Rusven, ndi Nizin.
Komabe, m'madera ndi mphamvu frosts, m'pofunika kuphimba mphesa m'nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa cha ichi, mipesa imachotsedwa ku trellis imakanikizidwa pansi ndikutentha. Kenaka pamwamba pa malo ogona amapezeranso zowonjezera zotetezera mu mawonekedwe a nthambi ya coniferous. Ntchito yonse iyenera kuchitika m'nyengo yozizira kuti zisawononge chinyontho m'nyumbamo.
Malo oti abwere "Tukay" ayenera kusankha dzuwa ndi kutetezedwa ku chimphepo.
Chabwino, izi ziyenera kukhala mbali ya kumwera kwa nyumba iliyonse. Pambuyo pake, dzuwa likamadzaza madzu a mphesa, zipatso za tastier zidzakhala ndipo zokolola zidzakhala zochuluka.
Zomera za nthaka sizitsutsa, koma zimakana kukula pa nthaka zowonongeka, zamchere ndi zamchere. Mukamabzala mphesa mu dothi la mchenga, kompositi kapena manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ngalande imangowonjezeredwa ndi dothi kapena loamy.
"Tukay" akufalitsidwa bwino ndi cuttingsumene unakhazikika mosavuta komanso mofulumira. Mitengo yoteteza phylloxero yosagwiritsidwa ntchito imeneyi ndi wosakanizidwa. Riparia x "Rupestris 101-14".
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kalasi "Tukay" imasowa nkhungu zakuda, koma akugonjera matenda amenewa monga oidium ndi mildew. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa oidium pa masamba obiriwira a chomeracho kumawoneka phulusa-imvi ndi fungo la nkhungu ndi zovunda.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, matenda a inflorescences amauma, zipatso zimakhala zolimba komanso zowopsya. Oidium imatetezedwa ndi nyengo yamvula komanso mame ambiri.
Kuteteza munda wamphesa kuchokera ku matenda njira ziwiri zothandizira mankhwala a zomera ndi 3% yothetsera chitsulo kapena mkuwa wa sulphate - kumayambiriro kwa masika kutsegulira kwa tchire ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula.
Pofuna kulima mphesa zosangalatsa zachilengedwe, olima amaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azitsatira zitsamba zochokera ku udzu wovunda.
Kuti mupange, mukusowa gawo limodzi la fumbi la udzu (mukhoza kuliyika ndi mullein wouma) ndi kutsanulira magawo atatu a madzi amvula oyera. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa yankho kwa masiku atatu mu malo amdima ndi ofunda.
Zotsatirazi zimayenera kusankhidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa m'magawo atatu. Kupopera mbewu kwa zomera kumachitika nyengo yamitambo, chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kukupha phindu la microflora.
Chiwerengero cha mankhwala osati malire.
Mildew amaonedwa ngati matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa mphesa. Mbali zonse zakumtunda za mmera zimadwala nazo. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ndi maonekedwe a white powdery deposit pamunsi mwa masamba, pambuyo pake amatembenukira bulauni, owuma, ndiyeno nkugwa.
Popanda kuchitapo kanthu pakapita nthawi, mbewu yonse ikhoza kutha. Poziteteza mphesa za mtundu wa mildew, njira zothandizira zimathandiza kwambiri:
- kupatulira tchire kwa mpweya wabwino;
- nthaka ikulumikiza pansi pa munda wamphesa;
- Kuwaza phulusa nthawi zonse kuzungulira tchire ndi pansi pawo;
- chovala chokwera ndi feteleza a nitrojeni mu ndalama zochepa (Kuchulukitsa kwa nayitrogeni kumabweretsa 100% mildew).
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuteteza mphesa ku mildew mankhwala opopera mbewu. Kumapeto yophukira kudula baka ndi nthaka m'munda wamphesa gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo sulphate (400 g pa 10 malita a madzi).
M'chaka cha May ndi m'chilimwe cha June, mphesa zimapangidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena zifaniziro zake. Nthawi yomaliza ya chithandizo chamapeto iyenera kukhala pasanathe mwezi umodzi musanakolole.
Izi ndi zina zotetezera zingateteze mphesa zanu ku matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella ndi kansa ya bakiteriya. Zambiri za zovuta izi zomwe timanena muzipangizo zosiyana za webusaitiyi.
Mitundu ya Tukai ikhoza kugwidwa ndi nkhuku (aka grape pruritus). Zizindikiro za matendawa ndizooneka ngati zobiriwira ndiyeno zimakhala zofiira pamphuno. Pa mbali ya tsamba, mosiyana, ali opsinjika maganizo ndipo ngati ataphimbidwa ndi imvi.
Zimakhala zovuta kumenyana ndi pruritus za mphesa, pamene zimakhala pansi pa tsamba, kubisala kumbuyo "anamva" chitetezo. Ndi khunyu kakang'ono kodulira ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Ndi nthenda yambiri ya tizirombo yokonzedwa ndi sulfure colloidal. Izi zimachitika pa kutentha kosachepera 20 ° C, kotero kuti sulfure zitsulo zimalowetsa chitetezo ndikuchipha.
Kuphatikiza apo, iwo ali othandiza motsutsana ndi nthata. "Tiovit Jet", "Karbofos", "Fufanon" ndi "Fitoverm".
Kuteteza mphesa ku mbalame, zoopseza zosiyanasiyana, ziphuphu zomveka ndi zokuluza mawu, zida zonyezimira ndi mipira, nsomba zachitsulo pamunda wamphesa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndipo okonda mphesa, monga madontho, amachotsedwa ndi chithandizo cha misampha yokoma. N'kofunikanso poyamba kulepheretsa kuthetsa maulendo pa tsamba.
Kuti muchite izi, nthawi zonse muyenera kuzidutsa pofufuza zinyama ndi kuziwononga. Ndibwino kwambiri kuthana ndi chitetezo cha mbeu kumenyana ndi mbalame, maukonde apadera, ovala mabala.
Inde, mphesa "Tukay" iyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa mlimi yemwe amagwira ntchito mu viticulture. Izi ndi zodalirika zomwe zingapereke zokolola zochuluka za kusungirako nthawi yaitali. Ndikofunika kuti mum'patse zofunika komanso kumuteteza ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
