Peyala yosiyana siyana Tonkovka ndi yosiyana kwambiri ya ku Russia.
Kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi amasonkhanitsidwa mpaka makilogalamu 300 a zipatso. Peyala Tonkovetka akhoza kulimbana ndi kuzizira mpaka kufika pa madigiri 60 Celsius, Kufotokozeranso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chithunzi cha chipatso.
Kodi ndi mapeyala otani?
Kalasi ya peyala Tonkovetka inapeza dzina lake Chifukwa cha mapesi owonda. Zosiyanasiyana zimatanthauza oyambirira chilimwe fruiting.
Mitengo ya chilimwe imaphatikizansopo: Limonka, Orel Summer, Victoria, Rogneda ndi Lel.
Sizowonjezereka kuti ntchito yowonjezereka ikufalikira chifukwa cha khalidwe lapakati la zamkati.
Chifukwa cha tartness amphamvu ndi asidi musadye zipatso zatsopano. Ndibwino kuti mupange chithandizo cha kutentha - kuti mugwiritse ntchito mu mawonekedwe owuma kapena kusungirako.
Chifukwa cha chiyambi chake chakale, Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabanja.
Anagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga jams, jams, jelly. Peyala Tonkovetka osati mitundu yambiri ya kalori. Pa 100 magalamu a mankhwala analipo 42 kcal.
Ndi gwero lachilengedwe lamphamvu. Ili ndizolemba Chiwerengero chochuluka cha zinthu zowonongeka.
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Mitundu ya Tonkovetka ndi mitundu yakale ya ku Russia, yomwe imapezeka kudzera mu kusakanizidwa kwa dziko lonse. Zosiyanasiyana zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18. Pakati pa dziko lonse - Lower Volga, Adygei, Western, Ural ndi Volga-Vyatka.
Kugawa ku Siberia ndi kumpoto kwa bwalo lalikulu la Russian Federation - ku Moscow, Veliky Novgorod ndi Kostroma.
Kawirikawiri amapezeka m'nyumba za m'nyengo zam'mlengalenga komanso m'minda yam'munda yosiyidwa Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Estonia, Kazakhstan.
Gulu losiyanasiyana: Krasnobochka.
Chifukwa chake zabwino yozizira hardinessZosiyanazi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza monga wopereka.
Chifukwa cha "Tonkovetka", mu 1936, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya peyala inalembedwa "Elegant Efimova"wotchulidwa wolemba V. A. Efimov.
Kwa nyengo yozizira-yolimba ndiyenso: Mu kukumbukira Zhegalov, Krasnobkaya, Carmen, Noyabrskaya ndi Autumn Yakovlev.
Description zosiyanasiyana Tonkovetka
Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi zipatso.
Mtengo
Mitengo kukula kwakukulu, ndi kukula kwakukulu. Wamtali, fika kutalika kwa mamita 6. Iwo ali ndi korona wawukulu mu mawonekedwe a piramidi. Zimayambira ndi zoonda kwambiri.
Akuwombera bulauni ndi mthunzi wa amber. Chechevichek nambala yaikulu. Muwonekedwe wokhala ndi mpanda, wokhala ndi mthunzi waukulu, wamthunzi wowala. Zokolola zimachitika pa stem kolchatka.
Masamba zochepa, emerald shades. Malo a masamba ndi osowa kwambiri. Chipinda cha Leaf oblate kapena zokhota, ndi yosalala pamwamba, popanda chifuwa.
Mitsempha yapakati imakhala ndi khola pang'ono. Nsonga ya tsamba ili ndi malire amfupi. Tsinde woonda, okonzeka, pinki yotumbululuka.
Chipatso
Zipatso ndizochepa, zolemera zoposa 50-60 magalamu. Tengani mawonekedwe apamwamba a peyala.
Ndi mitundu amber-emerald kapena amber kuwala. Pa dzuwa, mbali yakucha bwino, maroon yaying'ono.
Tsinde ndilo lonse, losakanikirana, likuphwanya. Zipatso za zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi si. Chikho chiri ndi mawonekedwe otseka ndi otseguka. Sakisi ndi kakang'ono.
Chisa cha mbewu ndi chaching'ono, chochepa. Nthangazi zimapangidwira, mthunzi wofiirira.
Pulp mthunzi wa beige, wolimba, wouma, tart, wowawasa, wokoma pang'ono pang'ono. Mtundu wa zamkati uli pakatikati.
Anthers ndi ziphuphu ziri pa msinkhu umodzi. Mbalama ndi zazikulu, zaulere.
Chithunzi
Zizindikiro
Amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yodzibala.
Koma kuti muwonjezere zokolola, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mungu wowonjezera. Oyenera "Bergamot Autumn" ndi "Bessemyanka."
Mtengo wamtengo amabwera pa zaka 8 kapena 11 za moyo. Pereka okhazikika, okwera kwambiri.
Zokolola zabwino zingadzitamandire: Duchess, Yakovlevskaya, Chudesnitsa, Bere Bosk ndi Bere Russkaya.
Kukolola kukupitirirabe kumapeto kwa August. Kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pa 250 mpaka 300 kilograms.
Pa nthambi za mapeyala zimayikidwa bwino. Mvula yamaluwa ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Mitundu yosiyana ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyanazi safuna malo ogonera. Malingana ndi kukana kwake kwa chisanu, mitundu yonse ya peyala ya Siberia ndi gawo lalikulu la Russian Federation ndiloposa.
Kutentha kwa frost ndipamwamba kwambiri. Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyana akhoza kulimbana ndi kuzizira kwakukulu kuchoka pa madigiri 60 Celsius.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Nthaka siilimbikitsa. Ikukula padziko lapansi losauka, lakuda, mchenga ndi nthaka. Kufalikira ndi mbande, cuttings ndi grafts.
Nthaka pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu iyenera kusungidwa bwino. Chifukwa ichi chikuyenera kuthirira molimba, kupaka mulching ndi zipangizo za organic - humus, peat kapena peat manyowa.
Pamitengo ya mitengo kuzungulira mitengo, yokonzedwa mulch imayikidwa muzing'ono ya masentimita 7.
Kwa mita imodzi lalikulu, kugwiritsa ntchito humus, peat compost kapena peat ranges 20 mpaka 25 kilograms.
Mukamwetsa mtengo umodzi masamba kuchokera 30 mpaka 50 malita a madzi kutentha kwa firiji.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mvula imagwa kwambiri //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html. Scab imachepetsa kukula kwa mphukira. Masamba ovunda ndi okhudzidwa. Wothandizira mankhwalawa amatengedwa ngati bowa la Dothideales. Choncho Ndikofunika kuchita chithandizo choteteza korona.
Pakufalikira kwa impso, m'malo amtundu wambiri, amapanga kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 3% Bordeaux osakaniza.Pamene amapanga masamba ndi pa processing katatu mutatha maluwa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Topaz" ndi "Horus".
Mukamagwira mtengo wokhala ndi nkhanambo, muyenera kugwira kudulira korona. Masamba onse okhudzidwa ndi mphukira achotsedwa. Chifukwa chowonongedwa kwathunthu, bowa Dothideales kuwotchedwa pamoto kapena kutengedwera kutali ndi minda yabwino.
Zina mwa matenda wamba wa peyala ndikuteteza kupewa bakiteriya ndi dzimbiri.
Komabe, pali mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda, mwachitsanzo, Rossoshanskaya Dessert, Lira, Perun, Moskvichka ndi Thumbelina.
Kutsiliza Mapeyala ambiri Tonkovetka amatanthauza kuphuka kwa chilimwe fruiting.
Chifukwa cha kalembedwe kake, kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zilembo zapachilengedwe.
Ndi zosiyana-siyana ndi zipatso zochuluka za fruiting, koma ndi khalidwe labwino la zamkati.
Ndicho chisanu kukana imaposa mitundu yonse ya mapeyala. Mvula ikagwa, nkhanambo imakhudzidwa kwambiri.
