Alimi, omwe amadziŵa vinyo wamphesa, nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa kuti: Kodi mphesa yabwino ndiyiti pa chiwembu chake, kuti ibale chipatso, chonde diso ndichititse chidwi cha oyandikana naye?
Chisankho sichiri chachikulu, chifukwa simungaiwale za nyengo zovuta za ku Russia.
Mlimi wa Julian amakondedwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo, zokolola ndi zokongola za masango.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Julian ndi tebulo zosiyanasiyana za pinki mphesa zapamwamba-kuyamba kucha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphesa pophatikiza vinyo wa mchere, komanso mu timadziti ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi madzi.
Chozizwitsa Choyera, Mphesa Zamphesa ndi Tason zimasiyananso pa kukula msinkhu.
Mphesa izi zikhoza kusungidwa ndi kutengedwera mopanda mantha kuti chitetezo cha mafotokozedwe ake ndi makhalidwe a kukoma. Kwa ichi iye akufunikira kwambiri.
Mphungu Julian: kufotokoza za zosiyanasiyana
Mphamvu yachitsamba ikuposa pafupifupi. Masangowa ndi aakulu kwambiri (kulemera kwa 1 makilogalamu), kupangidwira, mofanana ndi silinda. Mu mawonekedwe, ndi ofanana ndi Rizamat "kholo", lamasamba osasuntha, wopanda peyala. Mitengoyi ndi pinki ya golide, kuyatsa lilac, yayikulu, yokhala ndi mbali imodzi, yosunthira pansi, yolimba kwambiri komanso yotanuka.
Tsinde ndi lalitali, lobiriwira. Khungu ndi laliwisi, koma lochepa kwambiri, lomwe silikuwoneka ngati likugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya. Hermaphrodite maluwa. Pewani mtundu wofiirira wofiira ndi thovu lamagazi. Mpesa wamphamvu, wakuda. Tsamba ndilopakatikati, kukula, mofanana ndi mtima, pakatikati.
Montepulciano, Haji Murat ndi Tien-Shan amakhalanso ndi maluwa okwatirana.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa Julian:
Mbiri yobereka
The zosiyanasiyana Julian anali wobadwa ndi ankachita masewera breeder Kapelyushny V.U. Zikuwoneka ngati zotsatira za kuwoloka mitundu Kesha ndi Rizamat. Ngakhale kuti abambo amalankhula za kukana kuzizira, adakali bwino m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yofunda, kumene kulibe chimfine champhamvu.
Awa ndi Crimea, Ukraine, Moldova, Caucasus. Gulu lapakati lomwe lili ndi "minuses" lingakhale loopsya kwa Julian. Kawirikawiri, makhalidwe a mitundu zosiyanasiyana ayesedwa.
Dzanja lake ndilo la Ataman Pavlyuk, Descendant of Rizamata ndi Crimson.
Zizindikiro
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yabwino kukaniza kwa chisanu - mpaka kufika madigiri 23 Celsius. Zotsutsana kwambiri ndi powdery mildew, imvi nkhungu, kangaude mite. Nsomba Julian pafupifupi samawopa. Amasiyana ndi shuga yapamwamba - mpaka 28%. Kukoma kwa zipatso ndi kokoma, kununkhira, ndi mchere wambiri wambiri pambuyo pake.
Zokwanira pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ndi rootstocks. Kulima ndi kotsika, kotero tchire amafunika kudulira maso nthawi yake. Chimodzi cha maso - osapitirira 45 pa chitsamba.
Zina mwa mitundu yopanda chisanu zingathenso kutchedwa Vanyusha, Zagrava ndi Pink.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Alimi amene amasankha kudzala izi zosiyanasiyana pa chiwembu ali ndi mwayi - iye sawopa mantha adani otere monga mavu, imvi zowola, mildew ndi oidium, nkhuku.
Pafupifupi - chifukwa kumadera otentha (kuchokera ku25 degrees) ndi chinyezi, nthendayi yazowonjezereka ikuwonjezeka. Ndipo, ndithudi, nkoyenera kuopa kuukira "kuchokera mlengalenga" - mbalame ndizozing'anga zoyamba kudya zipatso zopsa.
Ndi mbalame, zonse zimakhala zosavuta - kuika mingati yolimba, ndi kuwalola kuti aziwuluka mpaka atatope.
Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi mabakiteriya, ngati sikuti alimi onse amadziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti matendawa ayamba. Ndi mavuto otani omwe angayambitse mphesa Julian?
Alternaria Ichi ndi matenda aakulu kwambiri, omwe, chifukwa cha kuwonetsera kunja, alimi ena amadziona ngati oidium. Zimakhudza mphukira, inflorescences, masamba, zipatso, kuzipanga kukhala zosayenera kwa chakudya. Pofuna kupewa, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osungiramo zipatso. Ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa kale, amamenyana ndi kupopera mbewu za mpesa ndi magawo awiri pa zana la Bordeaux osakaniza.
Matenda ena, owopsa kwambiri, amawoneka kuti ndi oopsa. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a mdima pamasamba, ndi malo akufa mkati.
Ichi ndicho chilonda chenicheni cha minda ya mpesa ya Ukraine, Crimea ndi Moldova, Krasnodar Territory ndi Caucasus. Ndipo popeza Julian ali ndi thermophilic, amadzipezanso kuti ali pangozi. Kulimbana nalo ndikugwiritsanso ntchito yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza - pamene mphukira zoyamba zidzakhala 10 masentimita.
Ponena za mildew kapena downy mildew, Julian akulimbana nawo, koma pa kutentha, mwayi wodwala umakula. Iwo akulimbana ndi matendawa powapopera mankhwala a vitriol ndi organic fungicides. Zina mwa izo ndi cynos, captan, dichlorfluanid, thiram, ndi zina.
Ngakhale kuti Julian ndi wolimba, osati wochepetseratu, alimi akufunikabe kuthetsa matenda a fungalesi ndikuwona momwe zinthu zimasungidwira. Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za kugonjetsedwa, ziyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, ndiye kuti kulimbana ndi matenda sikudzafuna nthawi yochuluka komanso ndalama. Sizimapweteketsanso kuthana ndi chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella ndi kansa ya bakiteriya.
