Maluwa amakondwera ndi eni ake ndi mtundu wodabwitsa komanso zomera zosangalatsa zomwe zimatuluka m'nyengo yamaluwa. Nthawi iyi ikadatha, amalima a maluwa amalingalira - orchid yaphuka ndi zomwe mungachite. Pali mayankho m'nkhaniyi.
Momwe mungadziwire ngati kachiwiri mumasintha
Dendrobium ya mitundu yosiyana imasiyana mosiyana ndi maluwa. Nthawi yonseyi imakhala miyezi iwiri mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu: Maluwa otchuka a phalaenopsis amatha kusangalatsa maluwa chaka chonse.
Odziwa bwino amalima a maluwa amadziwa kuti kukonzanso maluwa kumawoneka kokha pansi pa zochitika zina. Choyamba (ndi chofunika kwambiri) - phesi la maluwa lokha liyenera kukhala la thanzi langwiro. Ma pedicels owumawa achotsedwapo. 
Zaka za zomera zimathandizanso. Ngati chomera chodulacho sichitha "kuponya" maluwa, zimatanthauza kuti orchid ili mu "zaka" zachinyamata. Kukwanitsa kusuntha mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumaonekera pazaka chimodzi ndi theka - zaka zitatu.
Poyamba maluwa akhoza kuwononga mbewu yaying'ono sitingathe kupulumuka pambuyo pake. N'zosavuta kusiyanitsa dendrobium wamkulu: iyenera kukhala 5 mphukira, 7 - 8 imakhalanso yozolowereka.
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera kosakanikirana (kukula) ma orchids kumatenga nthawi yocheperapo kusiyana ndi "kusungirako" kwachisomo, mphukira za mtundu uliwonse.
Nthawi "yokonzedweratu" yadutsa, phalaenopsis yatha, funso linayambira pa zomwe mungachite. Timatchula zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kukonzanso:- Kuwala kwanthawi zonse. Ngati kulibe malo ena, kupatula kumpoto kwawindo-sill, kwa orchid, perekani kuunikira kwina.
- "Kupanikizika pang'ono" kumapindulitsa maluwa. Ntchito yowonongeka imakhala yochepa, ndipo kachiwiri kamodzi sikangapezeke - chirichonse chimafika pamtundu wobiriwira. Kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa masiku angapo, mudzakwiyitsa maonekedwe atsopano a maluwa.
- Pamene masamba akukula, ikani mbale ndi madzi pafupi nayo. Pakati pa nyengo yotentha, ndi bwino kupopera.
- Kukhudzidwa kwa zowonjezera zitsamba zokhudzana ndi nayitrogeni kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chitukuko cha peduncles. Ngati kukonzekera kotereku kunayambika kawirikawiri, orchid sichita pachimake, ndipo kuchoka pambuyo pa maluwa kumalo ena.
Kuti maluwa azisangalale ndi maluwa ake, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire mitundu ina: dendrobium, ludisia, blétilla, phalaenopsis, Wanda, tselogin, miltoniopsis, miltassia, miltonia
Zomwe mungachite ndi peduncle, kapena momwe mungatchere orchid mutatha maluwa
Pamene maluwa atsika kale ndipo masamba sali owonetsedwa, ndi nthawi yoyamba kugwira ntchito ndi peduncle. Pa nthawi ino, chomeracho chimalowa mu tulo. Ndikofunika kuwerengera nthawi - kwa mitundu yoimiridwa m'dziko lathu, nthawi ya October - November idzakhala yabwino kwambiri kudulira mitengo. 
Mukudziwa? Kamtengo kakang'ono kwambiri kamapezeka ku Ecuador. Kuzungulira kwa duwa ndi 2.1 mm, ndipo pamakhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo ili ndi selo imodzi yokha.
Oyamba kumene njirayi ingakhale yoopsa kwambiri. Timayesetsa kutsimikizira - kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati kuchitidwa bwino, ndi kotetezeka kwa orchids. Kwa zomera zazing'ono, izi ndi zofunika kwambiri (monga tanena kale, maluwa ambiri amatha "kuzit" maluwa).
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi maonekedwe awo omwe amasonyeza kukonzekera kudulira. Kwa ena, chizindikiro ndi brownish zimayambira, ndipo pa phalaenopsis ndibwino kuti musamangidwe - maluwawo ayamba, mungathe kuchita. Chidziwitso pa zochepa zachilendo ndi bwino kuyang'ana ndi ogulitsa.
Kudulira orchid mutatha maluwa kunyumba kumafuna zida zosachepera. Mpeni wamba kapena lumo ndi zabwino, ngakhale kuti zidzasowa zolemba zina. Ngati pali wodwalayo, ndiye kuti izi ndizophatikizapo - pogwira nawo ntchito, simungapweteke tsinde lokha, ndipo masamba angakhale otsala. 
Izi zimakhala zosafunika kuzipewa (chlorine). Pa nthawi yomweyi, samalani kuti musamve ngati zala zosautsa.
Nsalu yofunikira ndi yakuti peduncle imachotsedwa pokhapokha itatha. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi chikasu, mocheperapo - mtundu wofiirira kapena wofiirira.
Ndikofunikira! Ming'alu m'masamba amasonyeza kuti chomera ndi "overfed" ndi feteleza.Ganizirani momwe mungadulire mapiri a orchid:
- Tsinde silichotsedwa, kusiya kachipangizo kakang'ono (pafupifupi 1 cm).
- Chimake pamalo mwa odulidwa chingakhale chopanda kanthu. Kumbukirani kuti pakuwonjezera kuthirirako sikuyenera kupeza madzi (ndiye pali ngozi yovunda ya zimayambira okha ndi imfa ya maluwa).
- Kukonza ndi kusindikiza "zilonda" ntchito sera.
- Pamaso pa masamba otukuka, kudula kumapanga sentimenti ndi theka pamwamba pa impso. Zoona, masamba ndi maluwa atsopano sangayambe akupezeka pano. Izi zimachokera kugawidwa kwa zakudya (dendrobium, mwachitsanzo, zimakhala zosavuta kusunga zitsamba zakale kusiyana ndi "kupeza" mphamvu zatsopano).
Takhala tikuganiza momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito orchid patatha maluwa, koma kuika patsogolo maluwa si kokha peduncle, komanso mizu. Ofooka ndi owuma mizu ndithudi akugwa pansi pa "kuchepetsa". Rhizome yathanzi ndi yosiyana komanso imakhala yofiirira kapena yobiriwira.
Kuchotsa mizu yakufa kumafuna chisamaliro, sikutheka kumamatira kuzinthu zachibadwa. Kucheka koteroko kumafunika kukonzedwa - ambiri omwe amatsutsa maluwa akuperekedwa m'masitolo, omwe amateteza matenda.
Mukudziwa? Mu nkhalango zathu mungapeze mapulala. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 130.Komanso, orchid yokonzedwa m'njira imeneyi imafunikira chidwi cha mwiniwake. Zomera zotere sizifuna zosangalatsa zapadera, koma chisamaliro chimafunika. Izi zimakhudza, poyamba, nthaka ya nthaka. Gulu lapansi liyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mvula ndi mpweya zimayenda bwino.
Popeza kudulira kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira sikudzakhala kwakukulu (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi). Chinthu chachikulu sichilola kuti zouma kapena salting za nthaka zisawonongeke. Pachifukwa ichi vuto, kaya kudula orchid peduncle, lidzachitika kale kwambiri.
Kupaka orchid mutatha maluwa
Antchikoni amayesa kuti asakhale achangu ndi kusintha. Izi zimachitidwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti njira yotereyi ikuyenda ndi mavuto mu chomera: maluwa osokonezeka amachepetsa kukula kwa rhizome.
Magulu a kusintha kwa thupi amasiyana malinga ndi zamoyo, koma musapitirire kumapeto kwa masika. Oncidiums, "nsapato za Venus" ndi nyamayi zimasunthira pamene mphukira yatsopano ikuwoneka (koma mpaka nthawi yomwe imasiya mizu). Phalaenopsis Kukulitsa Mbendera - Mwatsopano nsonga pafupi ndi mizu. 
Nthawi zina maluwa amafunikira chipulumutso. Zifukwa za kuikidwa mwamsanga zingakhale:
- mizu yowola;
- maonekedwe a tizirombo;
- gawo lowonongeka (dothi);
- kuthyola (rhizomes sikumayenera mu mphika);
- mbewu zamakono.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi ovuta (okhala ndi zowonjezera zitsulo ndi zina zosafunika kwambiri) amachepetsa nthaka salinity ndi kuwonongeka.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji choyamba kuti muwombere maluwa?
Kusankha zoti tichite ndi orchid patatha maluwa, pofuna kukonzanso, timakonza nthaka. Njira yosavuta yogula gawo lapansi lokonzekera m'sitolo. Kukonzekera nthaka ndi manja anu ndi kophweka ngati mumadziwa zonse za mtundu wina wosakanizidwa (makamaka zomwe zimayenera kuti chinyezi).
Seti ya zigawo zikuluzikulu za gawo lapansi zimadziwika kwa onse. Izi ndi makungwa (mitengo yodula kapena coniferous), peat, bog moss (sphagnum), humus. Mungathe kuwonjezera zidutswa za perlite, pine cones, kuwonjezera dothi ndi polystyrene pa mndandandawu.
Mutha kusonkhanitsa izi zokha. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti sichivulaza maluwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti makungwa ayenera kukhala owuma. Dothi lowonjezera likufunika kuti titsuke, kotero timalitenga ngati mawonekedwe (osati mchenga). 
Kenaka, konzekerani izi zigawozikulu: peat ndi makungwa akuphwanyidwa kukhala zidutswa zing'onozing'ono. Siyani mitsinje m'madzi (kwa tsiku) - kotero chotsani tizilombo. Pambuyo pake, zinthu izi ndi zowonjezereka kuti zizitha kuyanika.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ina ya orchids m'chilengedwe imakhala zaka 100, komanso mitundu yobiriwira - mpaka 70.
Musaiwale za "tare". Mphika wa pulasitiki wosasintha ndi wabwino kwa orchids. Mipando imapangidwa kuzungulira chigawo (kuti madzi atsike). Eya, musaiwale za kukula kwake.
Miphika yowonjezera siipa ayi, koma mizu mu mphika woteroyo imamatira kumakoma, ndipo gawo lapansi limakhala litamveka mwamsanga. Pali kuphatikiza: chinyezi ndi mpweya wosiyana mofanana. Kukonzekera "nyumba" yotereyi, muyenera kudula dongo, wothira kwa maola angapo. Ena amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayika mu uvuni nthawi yomweyo pa 200 ° C. 
Ngati mphika wakale uli pafupi, muwathandize ndi kumwa mowa (70%).
Malo otchuka kwambiri a nthaka:
- Manyowa, malasha, peat ndi makungwa amasakaniza pa chiwerengero cha 3: 1: 1: 1. Choyenera ma orchids omwe amafunikira kudya nthawi zonse.
- Zosankha kuchepetsa mphamvu. Ngakhalenso zosavuta - malasha "kusakaniza" ndi pine makungwa (1: 5), omwe amapereka mpweya wabwino.
- Ziphuphu zapine, sphagnum odulidwa ndi malasha (5: 2: 1). Zokwanira zomera "zamoyo" pazitsulo.
- Kuti phalaenopsis ikule mumtambo wochepa, onjezerani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a moss.
Ndikofunikira! Gulu lokonzekera siliyenera kulumikizidwa.
Kuika orchid
Nthaka yatsala, tenga maluwa. Chotsani chomeracho mosamala, gwedeza nthaka ku mizu. Sungunulani mizu yokha mumadzi ofunda ndi kuyendera. Mizu yovunda imadulidwa ku malo "okhala" (kumbukirani momwe mungatchere orchid mutatha maluwa). Zingakhale bwino kuchiza odulidwa ndi antiseptic (malasha osweka adzachita).
Kuzikhazikitsa palokha kumachitika motere:
- Gwiritsani ntchito pang'onopang'ono mphikawo ndi gawo lokonzekera (pafupifupi lachitatu, dongo lokulitsidwa, kuonjezera chithovu kapena zidutswa za granite zikhale zoyenera kukhetsa madzi);
- Ikani mizu ndi kuwatsanulira mofatsa ndi nthaka mkati ndi kunja. Ikani chidutswa cha chithovu pamunsi kuti musapewe madzi;
- Kenaka pewani pang'onopang'ono ma rhizomes ndikuphimba ndi nthaka. Zomwe zimatchedwa mizu ya mlengalenga ziyenera kukhala pamwamba (monga mapepala).
- Ngati feteleza zitatha kusamba (zomwe sizichotsedwa chifukwa chochotsa mizu), ndiye kuti ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi thabwa.
Tsopano ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito nthawiyi yatha, nthawi yosamalira chisamaliro.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mu nthawi yochepa
Nthawi yotsala ya orchids imagwa m'nyengo yozizira. Choncho, zofunikira za zomera panthawiyi n'zosiyana ndi "zopempha" za chilimwe. Taganizirani zomwe azisamali amasamalira pambuyo pa maluwa?
Funso la kutsirira limathetsedwa mosavuta - kuchepetsa. Chomeracho chiyenera kuuma pang'ono. Msemphana pakati pa madzi okwanira samapitirira masabata ndi theka. Madzi ayenera kuyenda pansi. Pakuti ma orchid ali pambali yozizizira, pamakhala chiopsezo cha kuwononga kwambiri mizu, choncho madzi akuyenera kukhala pamtunda.
Mukudziwa? Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu ya orchids yomwe imafalikira kwa maola angapo chabe.
Kutupa kwa nthawi yaitali kwadzala ndi maonekedwe a bowa ndi mabakiteriya pa rhizome, motsimikiza kuti kuyanika. Pofuna kuika mphika, ikani pepala lamoto kapena kuyika chomeracho mu chidebe chokwera pamwamba.
Pamene mukukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya orchid, mungakumane ndi mavuto monga matenda, tizirombo ndi madontho a orchid.Kupopera mbewu m'nyengo yozizira sikofunika kwa mitundu yambiri ya haibridi. Chinyezi chosasunthika chimayambitsa maonekedwe ovunda. Komano, mpweya wouma kwambiri (mpaka 40% chinyezi) umapanga zinthu zooneka ngati tizirombo. Kuti mupewe vuto loterolo, nthawi ndi nthawi mutsegule wotsegula. M'tsogolomu, izi zidzathandiza kuthetsa vuto la chochita ndi peduncle atatha maluwa amaluwa.
Kutentha kuchokera ku +15 usiku mpaka +23 masana kumatengedwa kukhala omasuka. Dontho la madigiri asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi limayenda mofulumira. Zingasinthe nthawi zina kutsegula zenera. Kunena za kukwera ndege. Iyi ndi njira yothandiza, koma simungakhoze kuchoka maluwa pang'onopang'ono (mwinamwake izo zizingowonjezera). 
Ndimawonekedwe a kuwala, nayenso, popanda vuto lalikulu. Kuunikira kwina (kawirikawiri nyali ya fulorosenti) imayikidwa pa kutalika kwa masentimita 20 poyerekeza ndi orchid. Pamwamba pa masentimita 30 - ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri. Chinthu chachikulu - musaike zofufuzira zapamwamba kwambiri (Watts 60 zokwanira).
Ndikofunikira! Masamba a chomera mu mkhalidwe wa "njala yowona" anatambasula ndikupeza mthunzi wofewa.
Manyowa odyetserako chakudya amachitidwa m'nyengo yozizira osati kamodzi pa mwezi, ndipo ngakhale pang'ono. Tsiku lalifupi, kutentha kwakukulu - komanso duwa la "diges" lapamwamba kwambiri kuposa lachilimwe.
Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi, wofuna kukula adzawona kuti ngakhale ntchito yaikulu yothandizira kumusamalira ili pamapewa. Orchid yaphuka, momwe angagwirire ndi mivi, kupalesanso ndi zozizwitsa za nthawi yonse - zonsezi zikhoza kuthetsedwa popanda mavuto apadera.
