Kukula tomato chaka chonse ndi kotheka! Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha ndikupeza nthawi yosamalira zomera.
Kuti mutenge zokolola zoyamba za Chaka Chatsopano, kufesa mbewu za mbande ziyenera kukhala mu September kapena October. Panthawi ino zidzakhala zofunikira gwiritsani ntchito kuunikira kwinachifukwa padzakhala zachilengedwe zochepa.
Pofesa mbewu mu November, kukula kwa tchire kudzakhala mu Januwale ndi February, ndipo zipatso zoyamba zidzakhala pafupi ndi masika. Koma nthawi yowala idzayamba kuwonjezeka, kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse mtengo wogulitsa doshochivanie.
Zowonjezera kutentha
Kodi kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse? Kukula masamba, makamaka makamaka tomato, amafunika ofunda ndi wowala wowonjezera kutentha. Chiyenera kupangidwa ndi galasi lakuda kapena polycarbonate ndi makulidwe oposa 4.5-5 mm. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange greenhouses kwambiri, mu kutentha koteroko kukwera ndikukhamukira kuzungulira denga.
Padziko lonse lapansi Kutsekemera kwa kutentha kumafunika kukhala okonzeka kuchokera kuwonjezera dongo kuti ateteze zomera mu nthawi yolimba ozizira. Mawonekedwe okwera maziko ayenera kukhala apatali nthawi yayitali pamtunda wa 75-90 masentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kukonzekera kumeneku kudzakuthandizani kupeŵa kuwonongeka kwa makoma panthawi ya chisanu cholemera.
Kowonjezera kutentha kwa tomato kukula chaka chonse sayenera kukhala pansi! Izo zinalimbikitsidwa atakhazikitsidwa pa nsanja yamatabwa kuchokera ku mipiringidzo yambiri. Komanso, mukufuna kupanga maziko a konkire, pamwamba pake pamakhala chithovu. Apo ayi, zomera zikhoza kuzizira pamene nthaka ikuzizira kwambiri.
Wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi kuyatsa bwino ndi kutentha. Kuwunikira kumbuyo nthawi zambiri Amagwiritsa ntchito nyali za sodium ndi fulorosenti. Momwe mungapezere wowonjezera kutentha pa chiwembu, werengani pa webusaiti yathu.
M'dzinja chipinda chiyenera kukhala chokonzekera:
- Chotsani zonyansa ndi zinyalala kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha.
- Onetsetsani zipangizo zamagetsi zonse, magetsi, zosokoneza ndi kukonza.
- Zonse pamwamba pamadzi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Mukhoza kufuta chipinda ndi imelo zofiira.
Mitundu yoyenera
Posankha mitundu, makondomu ayenera kuperekedwa kwa omwe amakwaniritsa zofunika:
- kudziletsa. Mitengo ingayambe kukula, pogwiritsa ntchito malo apamwamba pa chipinda;
- chokolola chachikulu;
- oyambirira ndi oyambirira kwambiri zipatso za kucha;
- bwino;
- pamwamba kukana matenda osiyanasiyana ndi kuukira kwa tizilombo towononga;
- kusunga kwautali
Mkuntho - kumapereka, kuthamanga koyambirira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, ali ndi kukoma kokoma komanso vitamini C.
Amber - zozizira kwambiri, zobala zipatso, zosagonjetsedwa ndi zovuta kwambiri komanso macrosporosis (onani chithunzi pansipa).
Samara - indeterminantny oyambirira kucha kucha wosakanizidwa kalasi. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chilengedwe chonse, kukana kwambiri matenda ambiri (onani chithunzi pansipa).
Junior - Wopambana-wapamwamba, wapamwamba determinant wosakanizidwa. Kusiyana kulimbana kwakukulu kwa matenda ambiri komanso kukoma kwa zipatso.
Flamingo ya Pinki - kalasi yoyamba yosakwanira. Amapatsa tomato kwambiri komanso nthawi yayitali. Moyo wanyumba ndi pafupi masiku 60-70 (onani chithunzi pansipa).
Flamenco - oyambirira kucha, ochepa-determinant wosakanizidwa. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zipatso kulikonse, kukoma kwa katundu ndibwino kwambiri, zokolola ndi zapamwamba. Kuonjezera apo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri.
Dobrun - Gulu la hybrid indeterminantny ndi kukana kwambiri matenda ndi kusunga khalidwe labwino.
Octopus - ndi tomato osiyanasiyana omwe amakula pamtengo. Zimasiyanitsa zokolola zozizwitsa (onani chithunzi pansipa).
Annabel - osakanizidwa kwambiri. Ndizotsutsana kwambiri ndi zovuta zonse za matenda ndi ndulu zamatodes.
Mwana - oyambirira superdeterminant zosiyanasiyana, cholinga chokha kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha. Wosakanizidwa amadziwika ndi majeremusi oletsa matenda.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Musanadzalemo mbande, nthaka ingasinthidwe ndi yatsopano kapena yotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kwa ichi Njira yogwiritsira ntchito manganese imagwiritsidwa ntchito chiwerengero cha ndende. Iwo anakhetsa mosamala nthaka yonse.
Dziko lapansi likadzauma, ndi bwino kulimba. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kompositi imagwiritsidwa ntchito muchuluka Madzi 1.5-2 pa mita imodzi zala. Ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi banja la mphutsi za California. Ntchito yawo idzathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yambiri ndipo idzapindulitsa kwambiri ndi biohumus.
Ndifunikanso kusintha nthaka ndi mchere feteleza. Zovuta izi zikukonzekera izi:
- mkuwa sulfate (5g);
- Kalimagnezia (50g);
- ferrous sulphate (5g);
- potaziyamu chloride (30g);
- double superphosphate (50g).
Kuteteza dzikoli ndi fungicides kudzathandiza kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zosamalira
Kodi kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira? Mu wowonjezera kutentha, mphukira zazing'ono zimasunthidwa pokhapokha atatha kufika msinkhu wa masentimita 18-21 kudyetsedwa kangapo phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. M'malo obiriwira ndi abwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolowera.
Mtunda wa pakati pa nthitiyo uyenera kukhala masentimita 80, pakati pa zomera pafupifupi masentimita 55 mpaka 65. Ndibwino kuti musunge chingwe kapena waya pambali pa lamba la tchire chobzala kuti mbande zikule. Pamene akukula, amapanga tchire nthawi zonse.pochita kusakaniza nthawi yake.
Mitundu yodalirika imapanga mphukira imodzi, zina zonse - ziwiri. Nsonga za zonse zomwe zimayambira zimatsitsa. Tikulimbikitsanso kuchotsa masamba onse apansi.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthaka ndi pafupifupi 19ºC, mpweya - 23ºC-26ºC. Ndi bwino kumwa madzi masanaKusunthira dziko lapansi ngati likuuma. Chifukwa chosoŵa chinyezi, chitukuko cha tchire chikuima, kugwa kwa mazira ndi ma inflorescences akuyamba. Kutsegula nthaka pakati pa nthiti ndi pansi pa tchire kumachitika nthawi zonse, nyengo yonse ya zomera.
Pamene mukukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kudyetsa. Popanda kuyambitsa mchere m'nthaka, zomera sizidzakhalanso ndi zipatso ndikukula bwino.
Asanayambe mapulogalamu a inflorescences amagwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yokwana 0,6% yothetsera vutoli, ndipo kenako yawonjezeka kufika 1%. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala - Chidebe chotengera pa mita imodziP nthaka. Kuti muonetsetse kuti mapuloteni amatha kukhala opangidwa moyenera, amafunika kuika zida zodzaza ndi mullein ndi madzi mu wowonjezera kutentha. Izi zidzalimbikitsa mpweya ndi carbon dioxide, zofunikira kuti pakhale mapuloteni.
Mukakulira mutseguka, njuchi zimatulutsa mphukira. Iwo sali mu wowonjezera kutentha, chotero pollination adzayenera kutero zimapanga mwaulere. Pochita izi, burashi iliyonse ndi maluwa imagwedezeka pang'ono, ndipo kenako madzi amodzi kuchokera pamwamba pa kuthirira akhoza.
Pereka
Zokolola za tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi 1 mita imodzi pa chaka, pafupifupi 50 ... 55 kg.
Kukonzekera bwino ndi kulengedwa kwabwino kwambiri kwa zomera kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa kuchokera ku 11 mpaka 24-26 makilogalamu a zipatso. Chiwerengero ichi chimasiyanasiyana ndi zosiyanasiyana.
Ntchito yowonjezera tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa nthaka yotseguka. Ndizo amafuna ndalama zachuma komanso ndalama zakuthupi. Koma zotsatira zingapezeke zodabwitsa!
