Plum Eurasia 21 - kufotokozera ndi kulima

Eurasia 21 ndi mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri wakale wa maula. Koma siwomwe aliyense wolima dimba amene angathe kupeza bwino atakulitsa chifukwa cha kuvunda kwake. Makhalidwe abwino ogula ndi zipatso ndi zipatso muzaka zabwino ndizinthu zomwe zimakopa wamaluwa. Tidzayesetsa kuthandiza okonda kuwululira mokwanira zabwino za zosiyanasiyana, ndikukweza zolakwika zake.

Kufotokozera kwa kalasi

Plum zosiyanasiyana Eurasia 21 (nthawi zina imangotchedwa kuti Eurasia) idapezeka ndi obereketsa ku Voronezh State Agrarian University. Zinapangidwa kuchokera ku genetic engineering m'njira yovuta komanso nthawi yomweyo. Popanda kupita kutchire, tazindikira kuti ma plum, komanso mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri ya plums, adatenga nawo gawo popanga mitundu ya mitundu:

• Lacrescent;
• Simone
• East Asia
• Wachichaina
• Waku America
• homuweki.

Mu 1986, wosakanizidwa uwu adayambitsidwa mu State Register ndikuyika dera la Central Black Earth. Pakadali pano osaphatikizidwa ndi State Record - pazifukwa zina, sizinatheke kudziwa.

Eurasia 21 ili ndi mtengo wamtali, womwe umatalika mamita 6, ndipo thunthu lofiirira komanso nthambi. Crohn ndi yodziyimira mkati, yofalikira. Nthambi zimamera msanga, patsogolo pa kukhazikika kwa thunthu. Izi zimabweretsa kusakhazikika kwa mitengo komanso kukana bwino kwa mphepo zamphamvu. Komabe, ndi zaka, zovuta zimatha.

Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi matalala olimba a mitengo, mizu ndi maluwa. Mizu yake imalephera kuzizira mpaka -20 ° C, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri. Katemera wa fungal, kuphatikizapo kleasterosporiosis - sing'anga.

Kukhwima koyambirira kumakhala bwino - zipatso zimayamba mchaka cha 4-5 mutabzala. Pakakhala zabwino, avareji ya 50 kg imakolola pamtengo, ndipo nthawi zina 80-100 kg. Koma mbewu zotere sizokhazikika. Popeza kuti mitunduyo imadzichiritsa yokha, ngati Meyi (nthawi ya ma plum ikutuluka) ndi mphepo komanso mvula, mapangidwe a mazira amachepetsa kwambiri, ndipo mwina sizingachitike. Zachidziwikire, chinthu choyenera kuchita kuti mungu uziyenda bwino ndi kupezeka kwa ma pollinator omwe nthawi yomweyo amatulutsa maluwa:

• Greengage;
• Greengage zipatso;
• Nyali Yowala
• Famu Yogwirizira ya Greengage;
• Kukumbukira kwa Timiryazev ndi ena.

Kucha zipatso sizimachitika nthawi yomweyo kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti, chifukwa chake amasonkhanitsidwa magawo angapo. Wokolola pang'ono zipatso zosasunthika amasungidwa kwa milungu itatu mufiriji ndikusunga ogula. Cholinga cha chipatsocho ndi tebulo, komanso kwa iwo timakhala tokoma ndi fungo labwino ndi zamkati.

Ma plums omwe amapsa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso mtundu wokongola wa burgundy wokhala ndi zokutira za waxy. Pafupifupi, zipatsozo ndi 25-30 g, ndipo malinga ndi zolembedwa zina - 35-40 g ngakhale 50 g. The zamkati ndi lalanje-lalanje, yowutsa mudyo, ndi wowawasa-lokoma, wokoma wokoma. Mwalawo ndiwotalikirapo kukula, sulekana bwino ndi zamkati.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana

Mwachidule, timabweretsa zikhalidwe zomwe tafotokozazi mwanjira zosiyanasiyana. Ubwino wake:

• Kuuma kwambiri kwa dzinja.
• Kukula msanga.
• Kukolola kwakukulu munthawi yabwino.
• Zipatso zazikuluzikulu zokongola zogulitsa.
• Kukoma kosangalatsa ndi kununkhira kwa zipatso.
• Kusamutsa ndikusunga zipatso zosapsa pang'ono mpaka milungu itatu.

Palinso zophophonya zambiri ndipo pakati pawo pali zazikulu:

• Zochulukitsa komanso kudalira kwambiri zinthu zakunja panthawi yopukutira, chifukwa zomwe zokolola sizipezeka.
• Kutalika kwa mitengo.
• Nthambi zomwe zimakula mwachangu zimakana mphepo moyipa m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo.
• Susceptibility kuti clastosporiosis.
• Kucha munthawi yomweyo zipatso.

Kubzala mitundu ya maula a Eurasia 21

Malamulo abzale ma plamu a Eurasia 21 mokulira samasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mbewuyi. Zofunikira zapadera zimaphatikizapo kukwera kwapamwamba pamtunda - sing'anga loamy ndi clayey osatenga nawo mbali (pH 6.5-7.5) ndizoyenera. Pa dothi lokhala ndi acidic, maula sangabale zipatso bwino motero ayenera kuthandizidwa pokhazikitsa limu ya 0,5-1 kg mu dzenje lobzala. Ndikofunikanso kusankha malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo, chifukwa chokana pang'ono nthambi zake kwa zaka zoyambirira. Enawo ayenera kutsatira malamulo wamba. Kumbukirani mwachidule:

1. Nthawi yabwino yobzala ndiyoyamba masika, pomwe masamba sanayambe kukula. Kumagawo akum'mwera, kubzala maula kwa yophukira ndikothekanso kumapeto kwa nyengo yakula (nthawi yakugwa masamba).
2. Mbande ndizogulidwa bwino kwambiri mu kugwa, ngakhale atasankhidwa nthawi yobzala.
3. Dzenje lotayiralo lisakonzedwe pasanadutse masiku 10-15 musanabzale, ndipo mukadzabzala mu April, limakonzedwa mu kugwa.
4. Miyeso ya dzenjelo iyenera kukhala yopanda mainchesi 0,8 ndi chimodzimodzi pakuya. Dzenjelo limadzaza ndi nthaka yachonde ndikuphatikiza feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere.

Malangizo ofunikira kukayenda pang'onopang'ono:

1. Maola ochepa asanabzalidwe, mmera umayenera kuchotsedwa pamalo osungira ndikuyika mizu yake mumtsuko. Pamenepo, mutha kuwonjezera mankhwala kuti mulimbikitse mapangidwe a mizu monga Kornevin, Epin, Heteroauxin, etc.
   

   Maola ochepa asanabzalidwe, mmera umayenera kuchotsedwa pamalo osungira ndikuyika mizu yake mumtsuko

2. Pakati pa dzenje, dzenje limapangidwa ndi chimulu chaching'ono pakati pa kukula kotero kuti mizu ya mmera imalowa momasuka.
3. Mmera umatsitsidwa ndi khosi mizu kumtunda ndipo mizu imafalikira m'mphepete mwake.
4. Phimbani pansi pang'ono ndi dothi, phatikizani ndi wosanjikiza. Pambuyo pobwerera, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhalabe dothi kapena 2-3 cm pamwamba pake.
   

   Pambuyo pobwerera, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhalabe dothi kapena 2-3 cm pamwamba pake
5. Pathanthwe limapangidwa mozungulira mtengo kuti madzi.
6. Thirirani chomeracho katatu mpaka madzi atamwa.
7. Amabandika dothi ndi zinthu zopezeka - udzu, udzu, peat, ndi zina.
8. Dulani mmera mpaka kutalika kwa 0.8-1.0 m. Sprigs imafupikitsidwa ndi 60-70%.

Maonekedwe a kulima ndi zochenjera za chisamaliro

Mwambiri, kulima kwa ma plum Eurasia 21 ndikusamalilidwa kwake ndizachilendo kwa mbewu iyi ndipo sitikufotokoza. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi kutalika ndi kukula msanga kwa nthambi, zomwe zimafunikira kudulira koyenera komanso koyenera. Tikhalepo tsatanetsataneyu.

Ma Plum Trimming Eurasia

Mitu yayikulu iyi ndi kuletsa kukula kwa mtengowo ndikupanga korona wake. Ponena za mitengo yayitali yonse, ndizomveka kuti Eurasia 21 ikhale ndi mawonekedwe opindika pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi:

• Pakumapeto kwa chaka chamawa mutabzala, pangani gawo loyamba la nthambi za chigoba motere:
  • Sankhani nthambi zitatu pa thunthu, lomwe lili kutali ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20 kuchokera mbali zonse ndikuwongoleredwa mbali zosiyanasiyana, ndipo yotsikayo izikhala pansi 30 cm kuchokera pansi.
  • Fupikitseni ndi 60-70%.
  • Chotsani mphukira zina zonse.
• Fupikitsani wochititsa wapakati ndi 20-30%.
• Chaka chotsatira, momwemonso, amapanga gawo lachiwiri, ndikusiya nthambi za mafupa 1-2.
• M'chaka cha 4-5 mutabzala, gawo lachitatu limapangidwa, momwe mumakhalanso masamba awiri.
• Nthawi yomweyo, wochititsa wapakati amadulidwira pamwamba pamunsi panthambi ya chigoba chapamwamba.
  

  Ponena za mitengo yayitali yonse, ndizomveka kuti Eurasia 21 ikhale ndi mawonekedwe opindika pang'ono

M'zaka zoyambirira za 2-4, ndikofunikira kulabadira kuletsa kukula kwa nthambi zomwe zikukula mwachangu, kuzifupikitsa, ngati kuli kotheka, mu kugwa, komanso kudulira mwaukhondo. M'chilimwe, omwe amatchedwa kuti mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zimachitika pakufupikitsa ndi 10-20 masentimita, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale nthambi zina zokondweretsa. Izi, zimathandizira kukulitsa zipatso zambiri ndikuchulukitsa zipatso.

Ndipo muyeneranso kuwunika momwe korona alili, kupewa kupewa kukula kwamkati. Kuti muchite izi, mphukira yomwe imakula mkati ndi m'mwamba imadulidwa, ndipo youma, odwala komanso owonongeka amachotsedwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo - mitundu yayikulu ndi njira zothetsera vutoli

Plum Eurasia, monga zipatso zambiri zamwala, imakonda kuchita matenda ena am'mimba, komanso kuukira ndi tizirombo. Olima dimba samayembekezera vuto, koma munthawi yake komanso pafupipafupi amagwira ntchito yosavuta yodziletsa. Icho ndi chitsimikizo cha pafupifupi 100% chimalepheretsa kutenga matenda komanso kuukira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Gome: Zochitika ndi Kuteteza Tizilombo

Fungicides ndimakonzedwe amakankhwala kapena kwachilengedwa omwe zochita zawo zimayesedwa kuthana ndi zotupa za matenda a fungus.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - amatanthauza kuwononga tizilombo toyipa.

Kleasterosporiosis

Matenda aumunthu wamba. Dzina lake lachiwiri (kuwona malo) likuwonetsa chizindikiro chachikulu - kupanga mawanga ofiira pamasamba a chomeracho, omwe amasuma msanga ndikupanga mabowo. Izi ndi chifukwa cha matenda omwe amabwera ndi fungus Clasterosporium carpophilum, omwe nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira m'nthaka, masamba adagwa ndi ming'alu mu khungwa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira (zokhala ndi madontho) zimawonekera mchaka, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira matendawa amayamba, osakhudza masamba okha, komanso zipatso ndi makungwa. Ngati chomera sichichiritsidwira, izi zimapangitsa kufooka, kutsika kwa chisanu, kukulira kwa homosis ndikotheka (zina zambiri pansipa).

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kleasterosporiosis ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga ofiira pamasamba

Chithandizo chake chimakhala ndikuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbewu ndikuchiza ndi fungicides. Odziwika kwambiri ndi Chorus, Skor, Strobi, Topaz.

Moniliosis

Fungus ya causative ya matendawa nthawi zambiri imagwera pamtchiyo masika nthawi yamaluwa. Zomera zake zimanyamula njuchi ndi tizilombo tina tating'ono tawo pakadutsa timadzi tokoma. Kukula, bowa umalowa m'maluwa a maluwa kukhala mphukira ndi masamba. Gawo lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi mbewuyo limafota, kupindika komanso kufota. Kuchokera kumbali imawoneka ngati yoyaka ndi lawi kapena kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Chifukwa chake dzina lina la matendawa - kuwotcha kwachifumu.

Mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi moniliosis zimawoneka ngati zapsereza ndi moto

Atangozindikira chizindikiro cha matendawa, mphukira zoyambukirazo ziyenera kudulidwa, kuzilanda nkhuni za matenthedwe 10-15. Ndiye utsi ndi fungicides katatu ndi gawo la masiku 7-10. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti fungicides ambiri amamuletsa bowa, chifukwa chake mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi mankhwala omwewo nthawi zoposa katatu pachaka satha.

M'chilimwe, moniliosis imayamba zipatso, ndikupangitsa zipatso. Izi zitha kubweretsa kutaya gawo lalikulu la mbewu. Kuchiza pamilandu iyi kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuti munthawi yakucha zipatso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri kumakhala kochepa. Muyenera kuyika omwe ali ndi nthawi yodikirira pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, Horus (masiku 7), Quadris (masiku 3-5), Fitosporin (atha kukonzedwa patsiku lokusonkhanitsa zipatso) ndi ena.

M'chilimwe, moniliosis imayamba zipatso, ndikupangitsa zipatso

Nthaka (kuzindikira chingamu)

Ili ndi dzina la matenda osachiritsika, omwe akufotokozeratu kuti chingamu chimatha kapena kuwonongeka kwa makungwa a mtengo. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha maenje a chisanu kapena matenda monga kleasterosporiosis, moniliosis, ndi zina zambiri.

Gummy gum secretion imawoneka ngati madontho obwera ozizira

Pazifukwa zamankhwala, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa bwino malo omwe akutulutsa chingamu ndikuwathandiza ndi 3% yankho la Bordeaux fluid. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka wowerengeka - pukutani bala katatu ndi masamba atsopano a sorelo ndi mphindi 10-15. Pambuyo pochiritsira, chilondacho chimakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wamunda wa varnish kapena putty.

Plum sawfly

Mitundu iwiri ya tizirombo titha kupezeka pazowira - ma sawflies achikasu ndi wakuda. Kusiyana kwawo kumangokhala kapangidwe ndi mtundu wa thupi, ndipo kayendedwe ka moyo ndi kuvulaza kochitidwa ndizofanana. Masamba atayamba kupanduka pinki nthawi yamasika, agulugufe amtunduwu amawuluka kwa nthawi yoyamba. Amadyetsa mungu ndi timadzi tambiri tambiri tambiri, ma plums, ma cherry, plars, etc. Pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri, tizilombo touluka, ndipo wamkazi amayikira mazira m'manda a masamba osapanga bwino. Pakatha masiku 12, mphutsi zimatuluka mu mazira, zomwe zimavulaza mbewu. Mphutsi zoyambirira zimadya m'mimba mwake, chachiwiri - mkati mwa mwana wosabadwa ndi mafupa. Zipatso zowonongeka zimagwa, ndikugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, kufa kwa gawo lalikulu la mbewu ndikotheka. Ziphuphu, mphutsi zimabisala m'nthaka ya mitengo ikuluikulu.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa maula ndi chiwombankhanga kungadziwike ndi kukhalapo kwa m'malovu a chingamu pazipatso

Ngati mphutsi zikapezeka m'm zipatsozo, sizingapulumutsidwe. Bioinsecticide yokha ndi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuteteza zipatso zosakhudzidwa.s monga Iskra-Bio, Fitoverm, Fitosporin, ndi ena. Komabe, njira zopewera zomwe tafotokozazi ndi zothandiza kwambiri.

Ndondomeko yaula

Gulugufeyu ndi banja la masamba obiriwira otuwa ndipo ali ndi mapiko a 10-15 mm mumsewu wapakati umayamba m'mibadwo iwiri kapena itatu. Nthawi yopita pandege ndi Juni - Julayi. Kutalika kwa moyo wa agulugufe kuyambira masiku 4 mpaka 15, ndipo munthawi imeneyi sakudya. Akazi amayikira mazira pachipatso, nthawi zambiri pamtundu wa masamba. Pambuyo pa masiku 7 mpaka 11, mphutsi (mbozi) zimawonekera, zomwe zimayenda mu zamkati mpaka pansi pa petiole ndipo, zowononga mitsempha, zimalepheretsa zipatso zamafuta. Ngakhale zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono, mphutsi zimafinya mafupa, zikafika zolimba, zimadyanso thupi mozungulira ndikuzaza malowo ndi chimbudzi. Makatani amisamba yotsiriza yozizira, ndipo amasenda ana kumapeto kwa Epulo.

Chingwe cha maula chingamu chimatha kudzula mnofu wa mwana wosabadwa ndikuthira mimbayo ndi chimbudzi

Njira zonse zodzitetezera zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa zimakana kuukira kwa tizilombo. Ma phamu akayamba kuwoneka zipatso, zimachedwa kwambiri kuti timenyane. Poterepa, mutha kuyesa kusunga gawo la mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito ma fungicide achilengedwe pazithandizo.

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Eurasia ili ndi mitundu yopapatiza yochulukirapo ya omwe amatha kuponyera mungu. Bwenzi langa m'mundamu ali ndi ofiira. Ndibwino kwambiri pakubala kwa E-21 (makamaka, pambuyo pa dzinja lino komanso malinga ndi zotsatira za chilimwe chotentha kwambiri). Ubwino wina wamtunduwu ndi kuuma kwawo kozizira.Kuchokera apa, kuti "musakhumudwe", khazikitsani korona wa E-21 Skorospelka cr. Ndipoitsogolereni mu nthambi yaying'ono - kungoyipitsa.

toliam1

//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?p=351490

Masamba a Eurasia amamasuka kwambiri, kukadali kuzizira. Amakhala ndi maluwa ambiri ndi ine, koma sanabala zipatso. Kuphatikiza pa iye anali patsamba Renklod Kolkhozny, kukongola kwa Volga, Mirnaya. Nthawi ina kunali koyambirira, kasupe wotentha ndipo ma pollinators omwewo ma plums onse anali zipatso. Inali mbewu yoyamba komanso yomaliza. Atapatsa zipatso zambiri, nthawi yomweyo amawuma

Yakimov

//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=48768&pid=824754&mode=threaded&start=#entry824754

Re: Eurasia 21

Chachotsedwa kale ku State Record. Ndikukayikira kuti pazofooka ngati zomwe zimayambira panthawi yomweyo zipatso ndi kukula kwa mtengowo ndikugundika kwa zipatsozo.

vin2231

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=15251

Kudzichulukitsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi bwalo lopapatiza la opukutira mungu nthawi zambiri kumasiya wolimayo popanda mbewu. Izi zimawonjezera kukayikira pakuwunika mtengo wa maula uyu womwe umabala zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikothekera kupangira kulima kwa Eurasia 21 kwa okhawo omwe amalima mwakhama omwe angawupatse mapangidwe apamwamba (mwachitsanzo, kubzala mphukira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana mungu mu korona), kudula nthawi yake ndi magawo ena a chisamaliro.