Memu wotchuka wa plum wa Timiryazev ndiye kholo lakale la minda yaku Russia. Ili ndi mtundu wolimba modabwitsa komanso wolimba. Ndipo zipatso zowala bwino, zophatikizika kuzungulira nthambi za m'dzinja, ndi mphotho yayembekezeka kwa nthawi yachilimwe kwa okhala muchilimwe chifukwa chodekha ndi chisamaliro.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa maula mitundu Pamyat Timiryazeva
Makumbukidwe a Plum Timiryazev adapezeka kuchokera kuwoloka mitundu ya Victoria ndi Skorospelka. Olembawa ndi agologistist-pomologists V. A. Efimov, H. K. Enikeev ndi S. N. Satarova. Pambuyo poyesedwa kwakutali mu 1959, maula anaphatikizidwa ku State Record ndi malingaliro kuti ayilime mu dera la Penza la Middle Volga, komanso zigawo zingapo za Central:
- Moscow
- Ryazan
- Smolensk
- Tula.
Ngakhale maula osapsa a mitundu ya Pamyat Timiryazev amawoneka osangalatsa
Kufotokozera kwa mtengo ndi zipatso
Mitengo yamitundu iyi imakhala yayikulu-kakulidwe ndi korona lofalikira wa mawonekedwe a hemispherical. Mphukira zofiirira zazing'ono zimamera pa iwo. Tsamba lamasamba ndilalikulu kukula, kubiriwira kopepuka, ndi makwinya pang'ono, kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe pa underside.
Maluwa a plum iyi nthawi zambiri amapezeka mchaka chachiwiri cha Meyi.. Corolla ndi yoyera, kusalidwa kwa pestle kumatuluka pamwamba pa ma stamens. Maluwa amamatirira kwambiri mphukira zapachaka ndi maluwa. Anthu ena okhala chilimwe amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mazira, zomwe zimakhudza bwino mbewu.
Kukumbukira kwa Plum Timiryazev kumapereka maluwa ambiri, ndichifukwa chake ena okhala chilimwe amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mazira kuti akwaniritse zokolola zambiri
Zipatso za Memoryazev's Memory zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zazing'onoting'ono, zozungulira kuzungulira, zolemera 22-25 g. Pamwamba pa chipatso sichiri pubescent, wokutidwa ndi kutchingira sera. Kugunda kumakhalanso wachikasu, wandiweyani, wowutsa mudyo, wonunkhira bwino. Mafupa a plum ndi oval, ochepa (kulemera kosakwana 6% ya kulemera kwa fetus), amasiyanitsidwa mosavuta. Kuguwa kovunda kumapereka chipatso mosamalitsa.
Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse: zimadyedwa mwatsopano, ma billets, ndizokoma mu marinade ngati mbale yam'mbali yambale yopangira nyama.
Ndakana kale kutentha kwamankhwala zipatso, popeza banja langa silikuwona kupanikizana. Bwino nthawi yozizira ndi chakudya chambiri chatsopano. Zipatsozo, popanda kupukutira, tsanulira madzi otentha, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa pa kutentha kwapakati ndikuzimitsa. Kwa malita atatu a compote, onjezani supuni ziwiri zokha za shuga. Ma plums amakhalabe owonda, osawiritsa, ndipo compote palokha sikhala yatsopano, yatsopano, yoledzera.
Pamaso pa kuzizira, ndibwino kuchotsa njerezo kuzama, ndiye kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mufiriji
Njira ina yosungira mbewuyo ndikukupaka ndi shuga. Kuti muchite izi, pezani zipatso zanga zatsopano kuchokera ku mbewu, ndikulungiza mu chopukusira nyama ndikuwonjezera shuga mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1.5. Sumutsani misa yozama ndi supuni yamatabwa mpaka shuga itasungunuka kwathunthu, kutsanulira m'mitsuko. Chifukwa cha pectin wogawidwa, misa imaphikidwa bwino ndikusungidwa kunja kwa firiji. Kukonzekera kumeneku kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kuti mulawe ndikumamwa monga zakumwa za zipatso, ndikugwiritsira ntchito ngati chosakanizira kuphika kapena kuthira m'mawa ndi zikondamoyo zatsopano ndi kirimu wowawasa. Mavitamini ndi kununkhira kwa maula pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotereyi samatayika.
Makhalidwe Osiyanasiyana
Makumbukidwe a Timiryazev ndi mitundu yambiri yapakatikati yopanda chonde. Zipatso zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Kukula kwamafuta sikukutchulidwa kwambiri (pofotokozedwa patsamba la VNIISPK, zidadziwika kuti kulephera kwa zokolola kudali maulendo 5 pazaka 16 zapitazi). Chifukwa chodzala kwambiri, mbewu pamitengoyi zimacha pafupifupi chaka chilichonse.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakula msanga, pakubzala mbande zapachaka patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi amalandila zipatso zoyamba. Kwa osapirira makamaka chilimwe, ndizotheka kubzala mbewu zam'mbuyomu ndikumalumikiza pamtunda wina wachikulire. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa zipatso za maula kumasangalatsa chaka chamawa.
Mitengo ndi yolimba, imakula komanso imabala zipatso mwachangu mpaka 20 mpaka 21. Mitundu yambiri ya Pamyat Timiryazev imadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri:
- mitengo yaying'ono ipatsa makilogalamu 9-11 a zipatso;
- 20-25 kg yama plums abwino kwambiri amatuta pamtengo wachikulire. Zolemba zochuluka - 35 kg!
Zina mwa zoyipa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuuma kwa matalala nthawi yayitali kumadziwika. Komabe, ali ndi kuthekera kosinthika, kulola kuchira pambuyo pa chotupa. Mphukira ndi masamba ake ndizoletsa chisanu.
Ma plums ang'onoang'ono osagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Ndikwabwino kukulunga kukumbukira kukumbukira kwa nyengo yachisanu, panjira, pobisala pamakhalanso chitetezo chokwanira ku makoswe
Kubzala mitundu ya maula Pamyat Timiryazev
Kwa mbande muzisankha madera okhala ndi 1.5-2m pamwamba pamadzi. Pakati pa mitengo yapafupi kusiya malo osachepera 3-3,5 m. Plum sakonda mthunzi.
Mitengo yomwe imakula m'malo otseguka imalandira kutentha kwathunthu ndi kuwala kuchokera ku dzuwa, zomwe zimapereka chipatso ndi fungo labwino komanso kukoma kwake. Kunja kwa malo omwe akulimbikitsidwa, kumadera akumpoto ambiri, mitunduyi imakulanso. Chifukwa cha mphamvu komanso chonde, zimatha kupereka zokolola zabwino, koma kukoma kwa zipatso sikumawonekera kwambiri, kopanda phindu la mithunzi yomwe imalimidwa ndi ma connoisseurs enieni.
Nthawi yabwino yodzala mbande za maula imawonedwa kuti ndi masika. Pamalo aulere, owala bwino, otetezedwa ku mphepo zozizira za kumpoto, amakumba dzenje ndi 80 cm ndi 60-70 cm.
M'madongo okhala ndi dothi lofunikira, ndikofunikira kupatula nthaka yachonde. Mitundu yotsika yopanda zipatso imachotsedwa. Kuti deoxidize ndikuthira manyowa, ufa wa dolomite (3-5 makilogalamu) umasakanikirana bwino ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a dziko lapansi, manyowa owola (ndowa 2-3) ndi phulusa la nkhuni (1 l). Pali michere yokwanira pakukula kwa bowo kwa zaka 2-3.
Magawo Aakulu:
- Pakadutsa kotheka kwa dzenjelo, miyala ya miyala ya miyala imayitsanulidwa kuti ikokere ndikupatsa mtengowo calcium.
- Finyani ndi pukuta dothi lomwe mmera umayikiramo.
Musanayambe kukhazikitsa ma plamu mugawo, pangani mulu wokuza mizuwo
- Dzazani dothi lotsalira, gwedezani mtengowo pang'ono pang'ono kuti pasapezeke kanthu.
- Kumbali yakumwera kwa mbandeyo imakhala ndi mtengo wonyamula ndi womangidwa.
- Dulani pang'ono dothi pozungulira tsinde kuti khosi la mizu likwere pamwamba 4-5 masentimita.
Khosi la muzu pakubzala maula liyenera kukhala 4-5 masentimita pamwamba pamtunda
- Pobowoleza dzenje, pomwe ndowa ziwiri zamadzi zokhazikika zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndikuwonjezera nthawi iliyonse, chinyezi chikangolowa.
- Chingwe chozungulira chimakhala chodzaza ndi humus, peat, udzu wowongoka kapena udzu watsopano. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinyezi komanso kuti nthaka isasungunuke.
Kanema: Kudzala maula ndi dzenje lodzala feteleza
Mutabzala, tsinde limadulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa 45-50 cm.
Maonekedwe a kulima ndi kusamalira
Ngati munabzala dzenjelo mudadzazidwa ndi feteleza (monga tafotokozera pansipa), ndiye kuti zidzakhala zokwanira kwa zaka ziwiri zamera. M'chaka chachitatu chakumapeto, mutha kuwonjezera supuni ziwiri za urea pachitsime chimodzi. M'chilimwe, onjezerani supuni ziwiri zosavuta kapena supuni 1 ya superphosphate iwiri, ndi supuni 1 ya potaziyamu sulfate pansi pa mtengo uliwonse. Kudyetsa potaziyamu, mutha kuwonjezera 200 ml ya phulusa la mitengo pansi pa mtengo uliwonse. M'malo mwa feteleza wopopera, chidebe chimodzi cha manyowa owola kapena humus ndioyenera.
Ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito manyowa atsopano, chifukwa ali ndi nayitrogeni ambiri. Feteleza wa nayitrogeni ayenera kuperekedwa kokha koyambirira kwa masika, kuti asalimbikitse kukula kwakukulu kwa greenery. Fosphoric ndi potaziyamu feteleza umayikidwa m'chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira.
Mukukula, dothi la mulch limapangidwanso katatu, lomwe limalepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole ndipo, likamenyedwa, limathandizanso dothi kukhala ndi zofunikira zachilengedwe.
Kuti munthu akule bwino, kutulira kumafunika kudulira. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mbewu:
- zaukhondo - zimachepetsedwa kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zamatenda, zosweka, zouma. Kudutsa, kutikita ndikumera mkati mwa korona mphukira kumadulidwanso. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino komanso kuyatsa, kupewa kuwononga tizirombo ndi matenda;
- formative - cholinga chake ndikupanga korona wooneka ngati chikho. Mitengo yotere siyakukula, korona wawo amawunikira bwino, chifukwa zipatsozo zimalandira kuwala ndi kutentha kokwanira. Kupanga Njira Zochepetsera:
- M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira, mphukira zisanu kapena zisanu ndi imodzi zamanzere zimasiyidwa, kumayendedwe osiyanasiyana.
- Msika uliwonse iwo amafupikitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika.
- Pamene maula ayamba kubala zipatso, chotsani woyezera wapamwamba pamwamba pa nthambi yayikulu kwambiri, ndikupatsa korona ngati kapu kapena mbale.
Pogwiritsa ntchito apurikoti monga chitsanzo, mutha kuwona momwe korona wopangidwa ndi chikho amawonekera.
Kuthirira maula a Zosiyanasiyana Pamyat Timiryazev osiyanasiyana amafunika zolimbitsa, popeza zimakhala ndi chilolezo chochepa pakatikati. Amapereka madzi atayang'ana momwe dothi lakhalira pansi pa mulch ndikuonetsetsa kuti dothi lomwe lili pansi pake ndi louma. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri, mpweya umathamangitsidwa pansi, womwe mizu imafunikira monga chinyezi. Nthawi yakula, mitengo imathilira madzi ambiri nthawi yamaluwa, mapangidwe a ovary, atangokolola. Kutsiriza, kubweza madzi, kutsirira kumachitika mu Okutobala, mwezi umodzi nyengo yozizira isanachitike.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mitundu ya maula Pamyat Timiryazeva amawonetsa kukana kwambiri kleasterosporiosis ndi zowola zipatso, koma imawonongeka kwambiri ndi nkhupakupa ndi majeremusi ena oyamwa.
Kuti muteteze nkhokwe kuzilombo zilizonse komanso matenda ambiri, muyenera kupatsa mitengo chisamaliro choyenera ndi chisamaliro:
- chisoti chachifumu chiyenera kuyatsidwa bwino ndi dzuwa, osakuthinitsidwa;
- odwala onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi chisanu kapena mphukira zosweka ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwonongeka nthawi.
Odwala kapena osweka mchilimwe mu chilimwe amayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwonongeka
Popewa, yemwe ndi wabwino kuposa chithandizo chilichonse, ntchito zotsatirazi zimachitika nthawi yophukira:
- Masamba atagwa, maula amathandizidwa ndi madzi a Bordeaux, kutumphukira ndi dothi pansi pamitengo ndikugwiritsa ntchito yankho kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi;
- masamba agwa pansi pamitengo amisonkhanitsa ndikuwotcha kuti asayerekeze kufalikira kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus;
- dothi lozungulira thunthu lamasulidwa, namsongole amatuta, mphukira zimadulidwa.
Dziwani kuti ngati mupopera chisoti cha mitengo ndi sopo wosavuta wochapira, nthata za kangaude zimathawa. Mwa njira, ngakhale kusamba kosavuta mukathirira kumachepetsa tizirombo.
Ndikosavuta kuthana ndi nkhungu, kuwoneka kwake komwe kumatha kuzindikirika ndi kukhalapo kwa mphukira zazing'ono zokhala ndi ubweya wofiyira pakhungwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, tizinthu tomwe timagwira monga mankhwala a Danadim. Asanafike patali, motsutsana ndi mitundu yazirala ya tiziromboti, mankhwalawa 30 Plus (MME) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito yankho pa mtengo uliwonse ndi malita 2-2,5.
Kuoneka kwa mbewa ya ndulu pamadziyo kumatha kudziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mphukira zazing'ono zofiirira pabulu.
Pofuna kuwonongeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, mankhwalawa Biotlin amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakadutsa milungu iwiri, minda yonse imagwiridwa ndi wothandizirayi katatu, chifukwa nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mitengo yazipatso zosiyanasiyana. Masabata atatu asanakolole, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Biotlin kuyimitsidwa.
Kuti muthane bwino ndi nsabwe za m'madzi pa maula, mitengo yonse yazipatso imapatsidwa mankhwala
Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso koyambirira kwamasika, thunthu ndi nthambi zotumphukira za mtengo zimayeretsedwa bwino kwambiri momwe mungathere. Izi zimateteza nkhuni ku maenje a chisanu ndipo zimalepheretsa kulowetsa tizirombo mu ming'alu ya makungwa.
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Mwa mitundu yoyesedwa yomwe yatsimikizira moyenera, ndikuwona kukumbukira kwa Timiryazev. Zosiyanasiyana zidapangidwa mu 1938 ndi H. Y. Enikeev. Ndidalandira katemera mu 1999, ndipo ndakhala ndikubala zipatso chaka chilichonse kuyambira 2000, kupatula chilimwe chatha. Kulemera kuchokera 25 g kapena kuposerapo, khungu lowonda, mwala wamkati, umasiyanitsidwa bwino. Lawani popanda frills, ndimayikira kudalirika.
Anatoly
//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5522
Ndili ndi maula ang'onoang'ono - malinga ndi momwe amafotokozedwera amafanana kwambiri ndi Memory of Timiryazev, zidandidabwitsa ndikusintha kwa mtundu wa zipatso. Kukoma kwa zipatso ndi kwabwino, fupa limasiyanitsidwa bwino. Chaka chino, momwe zidaphukira ... Momwe zidayambira ... Chabwino, ndimaganiza kuti tidya zonona. SHCHAZ! Zipatso zinayamba kuvunda ndipo mwachangu (kwinakwake mu sabata ndi theka) zonse ziume ndi kuwuma. Pali anthu 12 otsalira ...
Alay
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=277&st=200
Quote (Alay @ 09/13/2016, 9:30 a.m.): Zikutha !! Imeneyi ndi nkhani yayikulu bwanji pa Chikumbutso cha Timiryazev! Zanga zinali zazing'ono pang'ono, ndipo fupa limalekanitsidwa bwino. Koma mwina chifukwa chazaka zambiri zosinthika, zasintha pang'ono. Ndinapitiliza mphukira zake. Pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu!
lalanje
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=277&st=200
Natalka78 adati: Ndagula maula mu maula a Mai Timiryazev, m'miyezi iwiri yowonjezerayo idakhala yopitilira mita, chonde ndikuuzeni, kodi ndizabwinobwino kuti plums? Ndinagula chiyani?
Izi zikusonyeza kuti "ali bwino kwambiri." Mukukumbukira kwa Timiryazev, kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu kuli pafupi pafupifupi. Ngati nthawi yozizira ikubwera, ndiye kuti maula amatha kuuma. Popewa, ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Nitrogen ndi kuthirira kwambiri ndizoletsedwa (zochepa chabe). Ndimayikira kupindika kwa impso zokulira. Kenako kukula kwamphamvu kumatha, kukula kumakula. Mukayamba kulowa m'miyezi ya Julayi, ndiye kuti zipatso zimatha chaka chamawa.
toliam1
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/4467/page-43
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maula Memory Timiryazev choyambirira mtundu wodzazidwa ndi kutsekemera kwa chipatso, kukhazikika kwa mbewu ndi kukana nyengo kunapangitsa malo ake olemekezeka m'minda yathu.
