Matenda ndi tizirombo ta mitengo ya apulo: zoyambitsa ndi zovuta

Mitengo ya Apple imakonda kudwala, ndipo matenda amatha kukhala fungal, bacteria kapena ngakhale viral. Komanso pali tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tosiyanasiyana tomwe timakhudza osati zipatso zokha, komanso masamba, mphukira, makungwa komanso mizu. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuti wosamalira mundawo amve zovuta zamtundu wa apulo, ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa asamayikidwe kapena kuthira zipatso. Kuthandiza kupeza yankho muzochitika zilizonse ndi ntchito yathu.

Matenda a mtengo wa apulo: Kufotokozera, kupewa ndi kuchiza

Mtengo wa apulo uli ndi matenda ambiri. Amakhala makamaka fungal, bacteria komanso virus mu chilengedwe.

Moniliosis

Moniliosis imakhudza zipatso zonse za pome ndi miyala. Ili ndi mitundu iwiri. Choyamba ndi kuwotcha kwachikunja. Kudwala komanso kukula kwa matendawa kumachitika mchaka cha maluwa. Zomera za bowa zimalowa m'maluwa mothandizidwa ndi njuchi ndi tizilombo tina. Masamba ndi mphukira zimakhudzidwanso, zomwe pambuyo pake zimazimiririka ndikuchita khungu, ndikupanga chinyengo chamoto.

Kuwotcha kwachikondwerero kumakhudza masamba ndi mphukira za mtengo wa apulo

Pakadali pano, muyenera kudula mphukira zomwe zikukhudzidwa, ndikugwira masentimita 15-30 a matabwa athanzi. Pambuyo pa izi, korona amathandizidwa ndi fungicides (gulu la mankhwala olimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus). Horus amathandizira bwino - itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pa maluwa, chifukwa ndiotetezeka njuchi. Kulimbikitsidwa kupopera - 2 magalamu 10 malita a madzi. Optimum kutentha kwa kugwiritsa ntchito - + 3-22 ° C. Njira zitatu zochizira zimachitika tsiku lililonse la 7-10. Kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwalawa panthawiyi sikungathandize, chifukwa ndizowonjezera. Zomwezi zikugwiranso ntchito ku fungicides ena.

Makoloni amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale maluwa, chifukwa ndi otetezeka ku njuchi.

M'chilimwe, moniliosis imayambitsa zipatso zowola. Izi zimachitika nthawi yamvula komanso nthawi yamvula. Zipatso zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimavunda ndikugwa. Gawo lokangalika la matendawa limachitika nthawi yakucha maapulo. Zipatso zowola ziyenera kudulidwa, kutolera pansi ndikuwonongeka.

Zipatso zowola nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mitengo ya maapulo pamalo otentha, nyengo yabwino

Mankhwalawa panthawiyi, Strobi amatengedwa ngati mankhwala othandiza kwambiri. Mphamvu yake yogwira, kresoxime methyl, imaletsa mayendedwe ake mwachangu ndikuletsa kufalikira kwina. Nthawi yodziteteza ikufika mpaka milungu iwiri, nthawi yodikirira ndi milungu itatu. Kuzungulira kwa yankho la kukonzekera ndi magalamu awiri pa 10 malita a madzi.

Strobi amalimbana mwachangu ndi Moniliosis ndi matenda ena a fungus.

Kupewa matenda a moniliosis ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi kugwira ntchito izi:

• Kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwononga masamba agwa mu kugwa.
• Kukumba kwakuzama kwa dothi la mitengo ikuluikulu.
• Kukonza makungwa ndikupukutira mitengo pamiyendo ndi limu yotsamira ndi kuphatikizira 1% ya mkuwa wa sulfate ndi guluu wa PVA.
• Kuikongoletsa korona ndi nthaka ndi yankho la 3% ya mkuwa wa sulfate kapena Bordeaux.

Dzimbiri

Mafangayi omwe amayambitsa matendawa amakhala ndi zaka ziwiri za chitukuko - amakula pa juniper kwa chaka chimodzi, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira amalowetsa apulo ndi peyala ndi ma spores, pomwe amakula bwino nyengo yotsatira. Pakatikati, masamba ang'onoang'ono achikasu obiriwira amawonekera pamasamba, omwe pakati pa chilimwe amapeza mtundu wowala wa lalanje. Mawonekedwe ngati timiyulu tating'onoting'ono pansi pa masamba, mkati mwake momwe muli masamba ambiri a bowa. Matendawa ndiofala ku Crimea komanso dera la Black Sea ku Krasnodar Territory, mpaka pang'ono kumaonedwa kumadera ena.

Pofika pakati pa chilimwe, mawanga pamasamba amakhala lalanje wowala

Ngati ndi kotheka, pewani kulima olumikizana kwa apulo ndi mlombwa ndipo musaiwale kugwira ntchito yoletsa. Kuchiza kumachitika ndi fungicides Horus, Skor (koyambirira), Strobi. Mankhwala Abiga-Peak, omwe ali 40% yankho la mkuwa oxychloride, adziwonetsa okha. Igwiritsidwa ntchito kuchuluka kwa magalamu 40-50 pa malita 10 amadzi ndipo mtengowo umafafilidwapo katatu ndikupanga kwa masiku 15 mpaka 20. Kwa njuchi, ndizopanda poizoni; sizikundika m'nthaka ndi zipatso.

Abiga Peak - wogwira ntchito woweta bowa

Masamba wopindika

Kupindika kwa masamba ndi matenda oopsa. Zimakhala zambiri pamapichesi, koma nthawi zina zimakhudza mtengo wa apulo. The bowa imayambitsa kumayambiriro kwa masika, kukhudza masamba achichepere. Izi zimachitika ngati njira zochiritsira sizinachitike kumayambiriro kwamasika. Masamba azipindika, kukhala ofikira, opindika. Matendawa amafalikira mwachangu, nthambi zimakhala zopanda zipatso ndipo zipatso zimasiya kukula. Pakadali pano, zokolola sizingathe kupulumutsidwa kale - muyenera kusamalira kupulumutsa mtengowo. Kwa izi, fungicides Horus, Abiga-Peak, Strobi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo poletsa kufalikira kwa matendawa, pakapita kanthawi masamba atsopano amakula. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, muyenera kudyetsa mtengo wa apulo ndi nayitrogeni.

Masamba opindika amapezeka kwambiri pamapichesi, koma nthawi zina amakhudza mtengo wa apulo

Phyllosticosis (mawanga a bulauni)

Ndi matenda fungal, ang'ono bulauni bulauni mawanga mawonekedwe. Amasiyana ndi matenda ena ofanana ndi dzina la fungus wa pathogen zokha. Zotsatira zake (kufota ndi kugwa kwa masamba, kuwoneka kwa mawanga pazipatso), njira zodzitetezera ndi chithandizo sizosiyana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe tawafotokoza kale.

Phyllosticosis (mawanga a bulauni) ndi vuto la fungus

Sopo bowa

Mafangayi samawoneka pawokha. Zimayambitsidwa ndikugonjetsedwa kwa mtengo wa maapulo ndi nsabwe za m'masamba kapena ma mkuwa. Tizilombo tonse totere timasungunula madzi amchere otchedwa uchi mame. Ndi malo oswana a bowa. Iyenso amatulutsa chimbudzi chamtundu wamtambo wonyezimira wamasamba ndi zipatso za mtengo wa maapozi. Popita nthawi, chinsaluchi chimakhala chakuda, ndipo mbali zakumerazo zimawoneka ngati zodetsedwa ndi mwaye.

Mafangayi a sooty amawoneka ngati pepala lakuda

Kupewera kwa bowa ndikulimbana kwakanthawi ndi tizilomboti, ndipo mankhwalawo amakhala, mwachizolowezi, pothandizidwa ndi fungicides (Horus, Skor, Quadrice, etc.). Musanakonze, ndikofunika kuti muchotsere polozerayo ndi mtsinje wamphamvu wamadzi kuchokera pamphuno. Nthawi yomweyo, tizirombo tatsamba timatsukidwanso.

Fusarium

Ichi ndi matenda achinyengo komanso owopsa a fungus. Imafalikira ndikukhala m'nthaka, imakhudza mizu ya pafupifupi chomera chilichonse. Fusarium ya bowa imatha kukhala m'nthaka zaka zambiri kuyembekezera nyengo yabwino. Ndipo momwe zinthu zilili kumuyenerera: dothi lotayirira, lotha kupuma ndi acidic kapena pang'ono acidic, chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha kwa 25-28 ° C. Fusarium satulutsa dothi lolemera. Koma ndi momwe zinthu zilili zomwe mlimiyo amapangira mbewu zake, kuphatikiza mtengo wa maapulo. Ngati matenda afika, fungus ikhudza mizu, amayamba kupweteka ndikufa. Pamwamba padziko lapansi, wosamalira mundawo akuwona masamba owongoka, akuwombera mphukira. Popeza ndaganiza kuti mtengowo mulibe chinyezi chokwanira kapena chakudya, umayendetsa kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba. Ndipo Fusarium, padakali pano, akupita patsogolo kwambiri. Ndizowopsa kwambiri kwa mitengo yaying'ono, yomwe imatha kufa mu nyengo. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa ankawononga mbewu zonse mu nazale kwathunthu. Monga lamulo, mutazindikira matendawa, amangotsala ndikuzula mtengo wa apulo kuti apulumutse mbewu zina. Mutha kuyesa kupulumutsa chomera chaching'ono posinthira kumalo atsopano. Amakumba, amayesa mizu yosungidwa, odwala amadulidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi fungicides. Pambuyo pake, imanyowa mu yankho la chothandizira kuphatikiza mizu (Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Epin, ndi zina) ndi kubzala pansi.

Kupewa kwa mitengo ya apulo ya Fusarium:

• Kutsatira mosamala kuukadaulo waulimi. Zomera zamphamvu komanso zathanzi zimatha kukana fusarium.
• Kupezeka kwa mbande kokha m'malo odalirika, otsimikiziridwa, nazale.
• Kuchuluka kwa dothi ndi ufa wa dolomite.
• Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Awa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, zovala zoyera, mbewe, ndi zina zambiri.
• Kuwonongeka kwa matenda odwala.

Scab

The causative wothandizira wa nkhanambo - marsupial - ndiofala m'malo kotentha. Nyengo yamvula komanso yozizira imamupangira zinthu zabwino. Masamba okhala ndi maonekedwe a bulauni wa bulauni amawoneka pamasamba omwe akukhudzidwa. Madontho pazipatso ndi zolimba, zakuda. Zipatso zomwe zimakhala zochepa, zimakhala zoyipa.

Mawonekedwe olimba, amdima akhungu pamaapulo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo

Monga njira zina zothandizira kupewa:

• Kukula mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda.
• Kupewa kwa unakhuthala ikamatera.
• Kusunga chisoti chachiwongola mu mpweya wabwino, woyatsidwa bwino pang'onopang'ono ndikuchepetsa.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mankhwala ambiri wowerengeka.

Khansa yakuda

Mtengo wathanzi komanso wamphamvu samakhudzidwa ndi khansa yakuda. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambewu zopanda mphamvu pamakoko a makungwa ndi mabowo achisanu. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhudza mitengo yomwe imamera kum'mwera. Nthambi, masamba, maluwa, zipatso zimatha kukhudzidwa. Koma chowopsa kwambiri ndikugonjetsedwa ndi khungwa la mtengo. Choyamba, mawanga a bulauni amawonekera pa iyo, ming'alu ya kutumphuka, imakutidwa ndi ma tubercles, ikuda. Pakapita nthawi, zidutswa za khunguyo zimayamba kusweka. Mtengo wopanda kanthu umawoneka woyatsidwa. Ngati simuchita zinthu, ndiye kuti patatha zaka 3-4 mtengowo udzafa.

Kugonjetsedwa kowopsa kwambiri kwa khansa yakuda ya makungwa a mtengo

Kuchitira munthawi yake kumakhala kuyeretsa madera kuti akhale athanzi labwino, kupha mabala ndi 3% yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate kapena fungicides ina, ndikuwaphimba ndi zoteteza kumunda wa var.

Bacteriosis (kutentha kwa bakiteriya)

Matendawa adabwera ku Russia pambuyo pa 2009 kuchokera ku Europe. Amawonedwa m'chigawo cha Kaliningrad komanso kum'mwera. Imanyamulidwa ndi tizilombo, mbalame, mphepo. Imalowa mmera kudzera m'maluwa kapena kuwonongeka kwa masamba, makungwa. Imafalikira mu chomera chonse kudzera mumayendedwe a sap conduction. Moniliosis, minofu yomera yowonongeka, imalimbikitsa kulowa kwa mabakiteriya. Nthawi zambiri matenda awiriwa amachitika nthawi imodzi. Zizindikiro za bacteriosis:

• Malo ofiira pakati pamitsempha ya masamba.
• Malekezero a mphukira zazing'ono amafa, ndipo iwonso afota. Vutoli limafalikira kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, nthawi zina mwachangu.
• Kutulutsa koyera kumawonekera pakhomo, lomwe pambuyo pake limada. Makungwa amakhala omata, onyowa.
• Maudzu ndi maluwa amauma, kufa, koma kumangokhala nthambi. Mtundu wawo umakhala woderapo.
• Zipatso zimayamba kuphimbidwa ndimatumbo okhuthala, kenako ndikanyowa, ndikuchita khungu. Khalani panthambi kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zina zoposa chaka.
  

  Ndi bacteriosis, masamba ndikufalikira, mumayamba kufota

Zipatso zosungunuka ndizothawirako kuti mabakiteriya azizizira, chifukwa chake ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mosamala ndikuwonongeka. Chitani zomwezo ndi mbali zina zomwe zakhudzidwa. Khungwa lowonongeka limayang'ana ku matabwa athanzi ndikuthandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki, kenako wokutidwa ndi var vars. Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupopera korona nthawi iliyonse yakukula. Mankhwala otsatirawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Ampicillin - supule imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi.
• Fitolavin - 20 ml pa 10 malita a madzi.
• Gentamicin - gawo limodzi mwa madzi. Ntchito mankhwalawa mabala.
• Ofloxacin - mapiritsi awiri pa 10 malita a madzi.

Nthawi yomweyo monga chithandizo cha bacteriosis, fungicides iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Matenda a virus

Matenda oterewa amayamba chifukwa cha ma virus omwe amapezeka m'maselo a chamoyo chamoyo. Zimagawidwa ndi chomera ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timayamwa ndi nthata, komanso tikamagwira ntchito pamtengo - vaccinations, kudulira, kudina - ndi chida chosatulutsa. Pamitengo yambiri yathanzi, kachilomboka kangakhale mu malo obisika (mwachitsanzo, mkhalidwe wosavomerezeka womwe suwonekera pamaso pabwino). Mtengowo ukakhala wofooka chifukwa cha kuzizira, kuwonongeka kwa bowa, tizirombo, kusowa chinyezi komanso (kapena) zakudya, kachilomboka limayambitsa mbewu ndikuyambitsa chomera.

Chlorotic tsamba lowoneka

Pa mtengo wa apulo, chiwonetserochi chimakhala pakupanga mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira, mawonekedwe amphete mu mawonekedwe a mawanga kapena mizere. Necrosis (imfa) yam'mphepete mwa masamba. Matenda opatsirana amawonedwa ku Crimea, Moldova ndi Ukraine. Kachilomboka kamapangitsa mawanga a bulauni kumasamba ndi zipatso, kumachepetsa zokolola pofika 20%.

Chlorotic yowona kachilombo imalowetsa mbewu zopanda mphamvu

Palibe mankhwala oletsa kuthana ndi kachilomboka. Chifukwa chake, wina ayenera kudalira pa kusunga kwaukadaulo wazikhalidwe zamakhalidwe, kukhazikitsa njira zopewera matenda a fungus. Adzakhalanso kupewa matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo. Kachilomboka sikangavulaze mtengo wamphamvu, wolimba.

Tizilombo ta mitengo ya maapulo

Mtengo wa apulo uli ndi tizirombo angapo. Tiyeni tidziwe bwino.

Gome: Tizilombo zazikulu za mtengo wa apulo

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ta mtengo wa apulo

Chithandizo cha Apple mtengo wa matenda ndi tizirombo

Pochizira matenda a mitengo ya apulosi, fungicides, mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi mankhwala wowerengeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Gome: kukonza apulo ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Mukukula kwa mitengo ya maapulo, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zochitika zomwe zimapitilira kupitilira pamera. Tiyesa kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani mtengo wa maapozi subereka zipatso ndipo sukutulutsa

Vutoli likhoza kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo.

• Ngati uwu ndi mtengo wachichepere, mwina tsiku lomalizira la zipatso silinafike. Mitundu ina imalowa nyengo ino mchaka cha 7 mpaka 9 mutabzala.
• Mmera wosagulitsa wosagulika udagulidwa. Zomwe madera samakumana nazo, mtengo umatsogolera mphamvu zonse kuti zipulumuke. Zipatso zawo sizitsalira.
• Zofananazo zimachitika mbande ikabzalidwa pamalo osayenera - dambo, madzi apansi panthaka, zamchere, mchere, komanso dothi la acidic.
• Zakudya zokwanira kapena zopanda thanzi. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, kusowa kwa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
• Kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi kachilomboka.
• Kuzizira kwa maluwa.

Chifukwa chiyani maapulo amavunda pamtengo

Kuyika maapulo pamtengo ndi chifukwa cha matenda a moniliosis, nkhanambo, ndi bacteriosis. Komanso chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndikuwukira kwa tizirombo - nthenga, khwangwala, kachilomboka.

Kanema: zipatso zowola

Chowola chakuda pamtengo wa apulo

Choyambitsa chake ndi khansa yakuda, bacteriosis.

Tundu (bowa) pamtengo wa apulo

Vuto lotere nthawi zambiri limapezeka m'malo oterera, opanda mithunzi, komanso onyowa. Mawonekedwe achinyontho amawoneka pakhungwa la mtengowo. Amatha kukhala fungal mwachilengedwe. Poterepa, bowa atha kumera, kuwononga. Ziribe kanthu kuti bowa amatchedwa chiyani, machitidwewo ndi:

1. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa khungwa, kudula malo owonongeka kukhala matabwa athanzi.
2. Chiritsani mabala ndi fungicides - 3% yankho la mkuwa wamkuwa, 3% yankho la Bordeaux fluid, Abiga-Peak, etc.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito zotchinga m'munda wa var.

Koma nthawi zambiri mosses ndi lichens amafanana ndi nkhungu. Khungwa la mitengo kwa iwo ndi gawo lokhalamo. Ndi kupambana komweku, atha kukhala pamwala. Mosses ndi lichens alibe mizu ndipo sawononga makungwa. Zodabwitsazi sizabwino, koma osapha. Zikolowani ndi zopukutira zamatabwa, kuti musawononge makungwa. Kanema, pepala, nsalu, ndi zina zoterezi zimafalikira pansi kenako zimatsukidwa ndi 1% yankho lamkuwa la sulfate ndikumayeretsedwa ndi yankho la laimu.

Kupewa vutoli:

• Pewani kunenepa kwambiri.
• Musalole kuti mundawo udze ndi namsongole.
• Kudulira kolona korona kumachitika chaka chilichonse.
• Mu nthawi yophukira, makungwa a mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi zakuda zimatsukidwa ndikuyeretsedwa ndi yankho la laimu.

Chifukwa chiyani maapulo amagwa?

Izi ndichinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe wolima munda aliyense wakumana nacho kamodzi. Maapulo amatha kugwa pamigawo yosiyanasiyana ya chitukuko - kuchokera ku thumba losunga mazira kuti zipse zipatso bwino. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zosiyanasiyana izi:

• Kupanda chinyezi. Pankhaniyi, choyambirira, mtengo umapereka masamba, ndikuwutenga kuchokera ku zipatso zomwe zimagwa.
• Kuchepetsa chinyezi kumalepheretsa mpweya kuzungulira kwa mizu. Zotsatira zake, njira yodyetsera zipatso zimasokonekera.
• Kuperewera kwa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu kungapangitsenso maapulo kugwa. M'pofunika kusunga zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
• Asafe ochulukirapo amapangitsa chipatso kumasuka, gawo lina limaguluka.
• Natural zachilengedwe mbewu. Pokhala ndi maluwa ambiri ndikupanga thumba losunga mazira, ndi 5-10% yokha ya mitengo ya maapulo yomwe imatha kukula, ndipo amataya owonjezera. Izi ndizabwinobwino.
• Mitundu ina, zipatso zomwe zakula zakucha zimagwa. Mlimiyo ayenera kudziwa izi ndikututa.
• Gonjetsani tizirombo, mwachitsanzo, njenjete za apulo.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba a mtengo wa maapozi amasanduka achikasu

Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zimasiyana:

• Mtengowo wabzalidwa pamalo othimbiramo, pamalo otsetsereka, kapena wolima m'munda adauthirira ndi kuthirira. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu kuchokera kumtengowo.
• Mukabzala, khosi la mizu linazika - zotsatira zake ndi zomwezo.
• Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni - masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikaso kuyambira masamba otsika.
• Kupanda zinc, magnesium, chitsulo, sulufule. Zomwe zimachitika mwachangu muzochitika zoterezi zimapatsa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo ndi mitundu yovuta ya feteleza yokhala ndi zinthu izi.
  

  Kuperewera kwa zinthu zazing'ono komanso zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha masamba

• Nyengo yotentha ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi.
• Zowonongeka pamizu ya timadontho-timadontho.
• Fusarium

Malo ofiira pamasamba a mtengo wa apulo

Maonekedwe ofiira owoneka bwino pamasamba angatanthauze matenda ndi dzimbiri kapena nkhanambo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa nsabwe ya ndulu. Ndikusowa kwa potaziyamu, m'mphepete mwa masamba mumatha kuwombanso. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumayambitsa reddit ya danga.

Mawonekedwe a bulauni pamasamba a mtengo wa apulo

Zizindikiro zoterezi zimatha kuzindikira matenda opatsirana ndi phylostictosis (mawanga a bulauni). Kuphatikiza apo, kuperewera kwa mkuwa ndi kotheka, koma sizingatheke ngati wosamalira mundawo nthawi zonse amawongoletsa korona ndi mayankho a mkuwa wa sulfate kapena Bordeaux fluid. Njira inanso ndi kuwotcha masamba chifukwa chothirira nyengo yotentha. Pakutero, madontho amadzi pamasamba amatenga mbali yamagalasi omwe amathandizira mphamvu ya kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Masamba a mtengo wa apulo amasandulika ofiira ndi ofota

Mwambiri, mtengo wa apulo umakhudzidwa ndi ndulu ya aphid. Izi ndizosavuta kutsimikizira - ingotembenuzani pepala lopindika. Ngati mulibe ma aphid m'menemo, mwina chodabwitsa ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa phosphorous, magnesium kapena manganese. Komanso mbiya imatha kudulitsidwa kwambiri mukakhazikitsa lamba wokasaka, yomwe imachepetsa mphamvu ya korona.

Chikwangwani chakuda pamtengo wa maapulo momwe ungamenyere

Monga lamulo, chikhazikitso chakuda ndiye chimbudzi cha bowa wa sooty. Ikhozanso kukhala zizindikiro za bacteriosis kapena khansa yakuda. Njira zolimbana zikufotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba sanagwe pamtengo wa apulo mu nthawi yophukira

Izi sizowopsa - zingayambitse kuchepa kwa mtengo wozizira wa mtengo, zipatso komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo:

• Mtengowu umapanikizika ndi nayitrogeni theka lachiwiri la chilimwe kapena nthawi yophukira. Izi zimapangitsa kukula kwatsopano kwa masamba, omwe alibe nthawi yakucha.
• Kuthirira kwambiri kapena mvula yambiri. Tikumbukire kuti kuthilira madzi chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu kumafunika kamodzi, kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Koma nthawi yonse yophukira mutakolola mtengowo sikufunikira kuthirira.
• Zosasinthika za apulo zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mumabzala mitundu yakum'mwera mu njira ya Middle, ndiye kuti mtengo wotere ulibe nthawi yoti amalize kubzala nthawi yozizira.

Masamba a mtengo wa apulo wozizira

Masamba akangozizira - zili bwino. Zatsopano zidzakula. Choyipa chachikulu ngati nkhuni chawonongeka. Izi zimadziwonetsera kuti mtengowo udadzuka mochedwa nyengo yozizira itatha, ndiye kuti unkawoneka ngati ubwezeretsedwe, koma masamba adakhala ochepa ndikukula kumbuyo mochedwa kuposa masiku amasika. Zotsatira za kuzizira kumachitika patatha zaka 3-4. Chongani kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito nthambi zosalimba. Malo amdima omwe ali mgawoli akuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chisanu m'malo awa. Madera omwe akhudzidwa sangathenso kuchira, koma ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mtengowo ukhoza kukhalanso zaka zina 6-8. Munthawi imeneyi, mutha kubzala mtengo watsopano wa apulo. Mwa chisamaliro choyenera amatanthauza kudulira kukalamba, kuthilira komanso kulimbitsa mtengowo.

Kodi nsonga pamtengo wa apulo ndizotani?

Nthambi zodulira ndizonenepa kwambiri. Masamba nthawi zonse amakhala okulirapo, osapezeka. Palibe chipatso pa mphukira zotere. Nthambi zofuulira zimachotsa chakudya pamtengo chifukwa chake zimachotsedwa. Amawonekera atakata mtengo kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, nsonga zina zimatha kupanga zipatso. Kuti muchite izi, amadulidwa kuti akhale impso ziwiri kapena zitatu. Kuchokera ku nthambi yachiwiri, nthambi yatsopano yazipangidwe ingapangidwe. Nthambi zotere zimafunika kuti zigwadire mpaka mulitali, popeza zitsulo sizimabala zipatso.

Nthambi zodulira ndizonenepa kwambiri

Chithandizo cha dzenje lakuda mumtengo wa apulo

Bowo lakuda limapangidwa pamtengo wa apulo chifukwa cha matenda a khansa yakuda. Chithandizo chake, choyamba muyenera kuyeretsa bwino lomwe matanda a mtengo wakufa ndi makungwa. Kuti muchite izi, mungafunike zida zosiyanasiyana - mpeni, chiseli, kubowoleza ndi waya wopanda waya, etc. Musanayambe ntchito pansi pa mtengo, patsani filimu kapena zinthu zina zoyenera kuti mutenge zinyalala zonse zomwe zichotsedwa. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, amayenera kuwotchedwa, popeza ndi gwero la matenda.

Pambuyo poyeretsa dzenje, muyenera kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi 2% yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate ndikuloledwa kupukuta kwa maola angapo. Pamwamba pa dzenje mumakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa var wamunda, wokonzedwa pamaziko a zosakaniza zachilengedwe (njuchi, lanolin). Simungathe kuyikamo mbewa yolima m'mimba kuchokera ku mafuta kapena pamaso pa zinthu zina zatsopano. Pamapeto pa opareshoni, dzenjelo limadzazidwa ndi thovu. M'mbuyomu, matope a simenti simenti anali kugwiritsa ntchito izi, koma zida zamakono zimapereka zotsatira zabwino. Pambuyo pa masiku awiri ndi atatu, chithovu chowonjezera chimadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa.

Kanema: wapamwamba kwambiri pochiza magawo, mabala, zopanda pake

Palibe chovuta kunena kuti mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda kapena tizirombo ta mitengo ya maapozi, wosamalira mundawo amalandila chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi njira zopewera zovuta. Mavuto ena amachitika chifukwa chosagwirizana ndiukadaulo waulimi, kusankha kosayenera kwa mitundu ndikusankha malo obzala. Ndi njira yoyenera yolerera mtengo wa apulo ndikuusamalira, mutha kudalira zotsatira zabwino.