Gooseberries akhala akukondedwa kuyambira pomwe amonke anayamba kubala m'minda ya amonke. Kwa zaka zambiri, obereketsa apanga mitundu yambiri yapamwamba. Koma pali ena omwe sakulamulidwa ndi nthawi, ndipo olima m'munda wodziwa bwino amawakonda. Gooseberry Black negus ndi mmodzi wawo.
Mbiri ya jamu zosiyanasiyana Black Negus
Mu 20s ya zaka zana lomaliza IV. Michurin anali ndi nkhawa za vuto lakapangidwe ka jamu yamtundu womwe umagwirizana ndi imodzi mwa matenda oyipa kwambiri a fungus - library yotseka, kapena powdery mildew.
Spheroeca (Sphaerotheca) ndi majeremusi owopsa kuchokera ku mtundu wa bowa womwe umakhudza gooseberries, currant ndi mbewu zina zambiri. Pamasamba, mphukira ndi zipatso, kumatulutsa chovala choyera, chomwe pambuyo pake chimada. Uwu ndiye mycelium wa library yapa sphere. Masamba ophatikizika amapindika komanso owuma, mphukira zimakutidwa, zipatsozo zimawola ndi kugwa.
Laibulale yokhala ndi zithunzi inabweretsedwa m'dziko lathu kuchokera ku America pamodzi ndi mitundu yatsopano ya jamu. Pantchito yake, Michurin adagwiritsa ntchito njira yophatikizira yophatikiza, kutanthauza kuti anawoloka mitundu iwiri yakutali - mitundu yayikulu ya ku Europe yotchedwa Anibut komanso jamu yaku North America ya Krasilny. Zotsatira zake zinali zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zazikulu za utoto wakuda. Michurin adamupatsa dzina la Black Negus. Wasayansiyo akufuna kuti adzagwiritse ntchito mitundu yatsopanoyi ngati njira yolera kuti apange mitundu yatsopano yomwe singatengeke ndi matendawa ndi laibulale yoyambira. Koma Black Negus yoyambirira mosayembekezereka idatchuka kwambiri, wamaluwa amakukulitsa iwo mu ziwembu zawo.
Black negus idatenga zabwino zonse kuchokera kwa makolo awiri mitundu
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi
Nthambi zakuda zakuda ndizophulika, zophukira. Mphukira ndiolimba, amakula, amakula 1.5-1.8 m kutalika, nthawi zina mpaka awiri. Masamba ndilalikulu, yobiriwira yowala bwino ndi pubescence.
Chimodzi mwa mitunduyi ndi mtundu wake wowonjezereka womwe wabadwa kuchokera kwa nyama yakuthengo. Minga ndi yakuthwa kwambiri, yayitali, imatha kukhala imodzi, iwiri, katatu, kugwada. Kungobwerera kumeneku kwamtunduwu kumapangitsa kukolola kukhala kovuta. Koma Black Negus ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma hedges, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala ofanana ndi mabulosi akuda. Zipatsozo sizabwino kwambiri, 2-2,5 cm, masikweya pafupifupi 1.5 g, woboola pakati, wabuluu wakuda ndi wokutira wakuda, amakula m'modzi kapena awiriawiri. Mzere wodutsa. Peel ya zipatsozo ndi yopyapyala, yopanda pubescence, msuzi ndi mnofu wake zimakhala zofiira, ndipo mafupawo amakhala osawoneka.
Zipatso za jamu Black negus ndizochepa
Zofunikira
Black negus imatanthauzira mitundu yosakhwima pakatikati. Amapitilira kumapeto kwa Julayi - kuyambira kwa Ogasiti. Zima-Hardy, osawopa kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu. Zipatso zimakhala bwino pach chitsamba, osagwa mvula kapena kugontha. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi chachikulire mutha kutolera zipatso 7.
Zipatso zokoma ndi wowawasa zomwe zili ndi fungo labwino. Jamu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "mphesa zakumpoto." The negus wakuda amafanana ndi dzinali komanso momwe angathere. Kukoma kwake kumatikumbutsa modabwitsa mphesa za Isabella.
Gooseberries ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Ili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa zipatsowo umachepera, ndipo thanzi lawo limapindula kwambiri. Mafuta, vinyo ndi kupanikizana kuchokera ku Black Negus amapezeka ndi kukoma kwabwino kwa mphesa ndi mtundu wa ruby wolemera.
Kupanikizana kwa wakuda kumasanduka mtundu wokongola wa ruby
Kukula Zinthu
Chitsamba chakuda ndi mtundu wautali wolimba poyerekeza ndi mbewu zina zilizonse zamabulosi, chifukwa palibe chomera chilichonse chomwe chidzamera pamalo amodzi kwa zaka makumi awiri. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosamalidwa ndi kulima.
Tikufika
Nyemba zakuda zimabzalidwe nthawi ya masika komanso yophukira. Koma kubzala nthawi yophukira ndikofunikira, mu Seputembala - Okutobala, 1.5 miyezi isanayambike nyengo yozizira, kuti mizu ikhale ndi nthawi yolimbitsa.
Mbeu imodzi kapena ziwiri zakubadwa zimawonedwa kuti ndibwino kubzala
Gooseberries amakonda dzuwa, ndiye kuti, dzuwa kapena mawonekedwe ake amasankhidwa kuti abzalidwe, mulibe m'malo otsika, koma pamalo athyathyathya, makamaka pamsewu. Izi ndichifukwa choti mizu ya mbewuyi kuchokera ku chinyezi chambiri imatha kuzika mizu.
Mbeu za zipatsozi ndizosakhazikika munthaka, zimamera ndi kubereka zipatso paliponse, koma zimamva bwino pamtundu wa dothi lochepa, lamchenga, lamchenga, losalowerera kapena pang'onopang'ono (pH pafupifupi 6). Momwe mungabzalire gooseberries:
- Pukulani bwino masabata awiri amalo kuti mubzale, kuchotsa mizu yonse ya udzu.
- Mukakumba, onjezani humus kapena kompositi, komanso magalamu 50 a superphosphate ndi feteleza aliyense wa potashi.
- Pangani dzenje lakuya mikono 0.5, mulifupi ndi kutalika.
- Ngati mumabzala tchire zingapo, ndiye kuti mulibe mtunda pakati pawo wa 1.5 metres.
- Ngati dothi ndi dongo, thirani mchenga wamtsinje mu dzenje kuti mupeze mizu.
- Zilowerere mizu ya mmera musanadzalemo kwa tsiku mu yankho la feteleza wachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kutenga supuni zitatu zamchere za sodium mu 5 malita a madzi kapena 0,25 ml ya Zircon pa lita imodzi yamadzi.
- Ikani mmera mwachindunji kapena pansi pang'onopang'ono, onetsetsani kuti mizu yonse ikuyang'ana.
- Kwezani khosi mizu ndi masentimita 5-6
- Phimbani dothi ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono, ndikulikhatikiza mwamphamvu ndikuthilira gawo lililonse.
- Thirani chitsamba chobzalidwa ndi mulch ndi chisakanizo cha peat, humus, mchenga, kuti chinyezi chiphulike pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kutumphuka sikuwonekera panthaka.
- Chepetsa mphukira, kusiya masentimita 10 ndi masamba 5-6.
Kanema: momwe mungabzalire gooseberries mu kugwa
Kuthirira
Gooseberries sakonda onse overdrying nthaka, ndi overmovering. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuthirira mu chilimwe chotentha, chowuma, nthawi 3-5 pachaka. Makamaka perekani kuthirira nthawi yamaluwa ndi zipatso. Njira zabwino zamadzi:
- dontho
- kugonjera.
Kuthirira ndi mvula, makamaka madzi ozizira, kumakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri. Tambalala dothi mutathilira ndi kompositi kapena humus yotalika masentimita 6-8. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale chinyontho, zimalepheretsa kuwonekera kwa namsongole, nyongolotsi zazomera zimayamba "kugwira ntchito" m'nthaka, ndikusintha kusinthana kwa mpweya. Ndipo nthawi yozizira, pilo yopangidwa ndi mulch imalepheretsa kuzizira kwa mizu.
Mulching ndiukadaulo wapadera woteteza dothi kuti lisamere ndi kupanikizana ndi namsongole, lomwe limakhala lodzaza dothi pansi pa mbewu ndi mulch. Monga mulch angagwiritsidwe ntchito: kompositi, peat, humus, utuchi, singano, udzu, udzu, komanso chisakanizo cha zinthu zonsezi. Palinso njira yolumikizira ndi kanema wapadera kapena zovala.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Ngati feteleza ndi michere yachilengedwe idayambitsidwa nthawi yobzala, ndiye kuti pazaka zitatu zoyambirira sikofunikira kudyetsa jamu. Pambuyo pake mu kasupe ndi yophukira, humus, kompositi, feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, superphosphate iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku dothi lozungulira chitsamba. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa mullein mu 1: 5 kapena kulowetsa mbalame mu kulowetsedwa kwa 1: 12.
Kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la jamu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Baikal-EM-1. Uku ndikulimbana ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa (lactic acid, photosynthetic, yisiti, kupatsa mphamvu, ndi zina zotere), osankhidwa mu Symbiosis. Bacteria yomwe idalowetsedwa m'nthaka imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe ndikupanga zinthu zina. Nthaka imakhala yopatsa thanzi chomera chilichonse, kuphatikiza jamu. Ndi yankho la Baikal-EM-1 pa dilution ya 1: 1000 kapena 1: 500, mutha kuthirira nthaka pansi pa chomeracho, poyipitsidwa kale, ndikuyiyika mulching. Chothandiza kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa mabacteria mvula ikagwa. Ngati muchita izi sabata iliyonse, zotsatira zake zimakhudza mbewuyo.
Kudulira
Gooseberry wakhungu wakuda amakonda kukulira, kotero kuti kudulira ndikofunikira pachaka. Kupanda kutero, zokolola zimachepa, ndipo kutolera kumakhala mavuto. Kudulira kumachitika bwino kwambiri mu kugwa, chifukwa kutuluka kwa jamu kumayamba kumayambiriro kasupe, ndipo kudulira kungavulaze thanzi la mbewu. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa ofooka (mpaka 20 cm), masamba owuma, osweka, odwala. Siyani amphamvu - 50 cm. Mphukira yomwe ikukula mozungulira iyeneranso kudulidwa, ngati simukonzekera kuzisiya kuti zigawike.
Kwa tchire lomwe limamera mosavuta mutha kupanga mitengo yamatabwa
Pofika zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, chitsamba sichikhala ndi mphukira zolimba zopitilira 30 ndi nthambi zina. Kenako, chitsamba chilowa m'badwo wokalamba, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, ndizofunikira kuchotsa nthambi zakale, zaka 6-8. Mphukira zazing'ono zimamera m'malo mwa khosi.
M'chaka chachitatu ndi chachinayi, mphukira zowonjezera ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndikungosiya mphukira zolimba zochepa
Gooseberry kudulira chida - secateurs okhala ndi ma hand kapena a hacksaw. Ayenera kukhala akuthwa kotero kuti odulidwa pa mphukirowo amakhala osalala popanda kuwomba. Magawo onse ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi var var. Kenako mbewuyo singataye madzi komanso kuti singatenge kachilomboka.
Vidiyo: kudulira gooseberries mu kugwa
Kuswana
Gooseberries akhoza kufalitsa ndi masanjidwe. Ndiosavuta kuchita:
- Chapakatikati, sankhani kuthawa mwamphamvu ndikukupinda pansi.
- Pangani kuzama kwa masentimita 6-8 ndikukula mphukira.
- Chitetezeni munjira iliyonse.
- Thirani.
- Fupikitsa pamwamba pa mphukira ndi 1/4.
- Nthawi zonse thirirani zokolola pakati pa nyengo.
- Mukangotulutsa mphukira, chakudya.
- Ndi kugwa, mudzalandira mmera watsopano. Khalani omasuka kuichotsa pa chomera ndi kuika kumalo kwatsopano.
Kanema: Kufalikira kwa jamu ndi masanjidwe
Kuteteza tizilombo
Kumayambiriro kwamasamba, masamba asanadzuke, muyenera kukonza shafa lotentha tchire. Thirani madzi otentha mu kuthirira, onjezani supuni 1/3 ya boric acid, mbewu zochepa za potaziyamu permanganate ndikuyambitsa mbewu. Zokwanira zidzakhala malita 8 pachitsamba chilichonse. Ngati mphutsi za majeremusi zilizonse zikakhazikika panthambi, zimafa chifukwa cha chithandizo chotere. Nthawi yakula, mutha kuteteza ma jamu kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi anyezi a anyezi, masamba a lalanje kapena Baikal-EM-1 pa dilution ya 1: 100.
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Sindine wokonda jamu, koma ndimakonda zipatso zakuda, makamaka kuthengo. Iwo ndi ochepa kukula, akuda kwathunthu, osalala, okoma, onunkhira, akatswiri amafanizira kukoma kwake ndi mphesa za Isabella. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi zamkati zamdima zokongola zakuda ndi mbewu zazing'ono. Timangodya zatsopano, ndipo mnansi wanga amamupangira ma compotes wokoma. Ndikukulangizani kuti musamale.
Svetlana Yurievna//irecommend.ru/content/sladkie-yagody-s-izabellovym-vkusom
Palibe chabwino kuposa Black Negus, m'malingaliro mwanga, inde! Bush mita 3 mu girth, wokongola! Ndimayimitsa nthawi yozizira, ndiye, limodzi ndi zipatso zina, ndimaphika compote.
Kutuluka kwa dzuwa//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=102170
Gooseberry zosiyanasiyana Black negus ndiyoyenera kutenga malo ake m'malo amateur wamaluwa. Ngati mutsatira malamulo osavuta kwambiri poisamalira, mutha kudzisangalatsa ndi zipatso zokoma, zoyambirira.
