Mitundu yotchuka yamapulogalamu omwe amalima kunyumba ndi Kalanchoe. Maonekedwe okongola ochokera ku Madagascar ndikusangalatsa eni akewo ndi masamba osazolowereka komanso maluwa opepuka. Mtengowo umadziwika ndi zofuna zochepa pamoyo, koma wamaluwa osadziwa zambiri amafunsa chifukwa chake Kalanchoe samatulutsa. Zolakwika zazikulu pazinthu zowonjezera zimatsogolera pakupezeka kwa masamba.
Zithunzi za maluwa a Kalanchoe kunyumba
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya chikhalidwe, palibe mitundu yoposa 20 yomwe imakhala m'nyumba. Zomera zotentha sizizolowera malo ovuta kuti zizipulumuka ndipo sizifunikira chisamaliro chovuta kapena chovuta kuchokera kwa eni ake.
Kalanchoe samachita maluwa
Masamba a thupi amatha kuphatikiza chinyezi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewuyo ikhale yopanda madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma mapangidwe a masamba mwachindunji amatengera magawo okhutira.
Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe okongoletsa, chikhalidwechi chimadziwika ndi mankhwala, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri osati wowerengeka, komanso mankhwala ovomerezeka. Zomera zopangidwa kuchokera pamenepo:
- imathandizira kuchira
- letsa njira zotupa,
- lekani kutuluka magazi.
Madzi opangidwa mwaluso angagulidwe ku pharmacy iliyonse.
Zofunika! Chifukwa cha machiritso, chikhalidwe chimatchedwa "mtengo wamoyo" kapena "dokotala wazomera."
Kangati pachaka pachimake, nthawi yochitira komanso yogonera
Mapangidwe a masamba amayamba nthawi yozizira, nthawi yeniyeni zimatengera masanjidwe a Kalanchoe. Kubwera kwa masiku a masika ndi kutentha, iwo amagwa, ndipo chiyembekezo cha moyo wawo chimakulitsidwa ndi njira zapadera.
Mitundu ina ya zikhalidwe yachedwa maluwa - masamba oyamba amawoneka koyambirira kwammawa ndikugwa kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Mukamaliza gawo, mbewuyo imalowa munthawi yopanda: ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa mphamvu.
Zofunika! Popanda kuyang'ana nthawi yopumula yoikika, yoyamikirayi sangapange masamba. Kuti apange mtendere wathunthu, zigawo zamtchire zimachotsedwa, ndipo potoyo imasunthidwa ndikukakhala ndi maola ochepa masana. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kudyetsa kumayimitsidwa mpaka nthawi yotsatira ikubzala.
Kumera kokoma
Kalanchoe imakoka ndi masamba okha
Mu sitolo, chomeracho chimafanana ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba ovekedwa, pomwe mbali yake imakutidwa ndi masamba otseguka. Pakapita kanthawi, njirayi yayamba kuchepa, chikhalidwecho chikukula, masamba a masamba ayamba kugwa.
Chifukwa chiyani Kalanchoe wamkati amatambasuka ndipo samatulutsa? Pali zifukwa ziwiri zoyambitsa izi:
- kusowa kwa matalala - ngati chomera sichinapume mwezi uliwonse pambuyo pakupanga masamba, ndiye kuti ilibe nthawi yopanga masamba atsopano;
- kuyatsa kosakwanira - kwa zokometsera zilizonse, masana masana kuyenera kukhala kosachepera maola 10, kusowa kwake kumabweretsa kusinthika, kupatulira ndikuwonjezeka kusokonekera kwa masamba a masamba, kuwonongeka kwa tsinde.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira ngati sizikwanira kuunikira, chomera chimafunika kukhazikitsa chowonjezera ndikuwadula mphukira zotambasuka. Pambuyo pakuchepetsa, amapatsidwa mpumulo wathunthu, mkati mwa mwezi umodzi, kupindika kwa korona kuyenera kuchira palokha.
Zofunika! Ma Succulents sangalekerere kuwala mwachindunji padzuwa pamatamba Chifukwa cha chinyezi chachikulu, kuwotcha kumachitika pa iwo.
Tambasula Kalanchoe
Chifukwa chomwe maluwa sangamasuke, chifukwa
Ngati Kalanchoe saphulika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti zifukwa zazikuluzikuluzi zimaphatikizira kuphwanya malamulo okakamizidwa. Alimi a maluwa osadziwa sadziwa kuti chifukwa chachitukuko chabwinobwino madzi okwanira ndi okwanira. Koma ngakhale malingaliro alipo, pamafunika kukhazikitsa njira zina.
Kalanchoe angakane kupanga masamba angapo:
- kuphwanya kutentha kwa boma - kuyesa kukhala m'chipinda chozizira kumayipa mphamvu ya zokoma;
- kusankha kolakwika - kuperewera kapena maola ofupika masana (osachepera maola 10) kumabweretsa kukula kwamphamvu kwa gawo lobiriwira, kufooketsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa matenda;
- chosakwanira kapena chinyontho chambiri cha dziko lapansi - mbewu ngati dothi louma pang'ono, osati dothi louma;
- kuchepa kapena kuphatikiza zochulukirapo kwa feteleza - kuchuluka kwa mayankho am'minimadzi kumadzetsa kukula kwa msipu wobiriwira, ndipo kuchepa kwawo kudzachepetsa kukula;
Masamba opindika bwino
- mitengo yazomera payokha ndi ya gulu laling'ono lokhala ndi hybrids pachaka - funso la nthawi yamoyo limafunsidwa kwa ogulitsa asanagule;
- kukana kudulira - ngati sikunachitike, ndiye ndi kukula kwamasamba, chitsamba sichitha kukongoletsa;
- kukana kwa nthawi yonse yopuma - pambuyo pa mapangidwe a mphukira iliyonse, kumafunikira kupumula kwa masabata 3-4, ndikunyalanyaza malamulowo, impso zilibe nthawi yopanga;
- kuziika mu nyengo - zimachitika pokhapokha masamba atafota, kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe;
- nthaka yosauka - othandizira amakonda dothi lotayirira osalowerera ndale, chifukwa chophwanya malamulo omwe amakana kukula ndi kuphuka.
Zofunika! Matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizimayambitsa chikhalidwe. Ndi ambiri a iwo, Kalanchoe amadzichitira okha, koma aphid ikadzalowa mu duwa, thandizo lakunja ndi chithandizo chofunikira pokonzekera tizirombo timafunikira.
Zolakwika wamba posamalira maluwa
Pokhapokha pakupanga ma peduncle, mawonekedwe osasangalatsa kapena ofooka, muyenera kuyang'ana miyezo yazomwe zili.
Kuwala kolakwika
Kutengera ndi nyengo, chikhalidwe chimafunikira kuwunikira kosiyana. Nthawi yakula, imatumizidwa kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwenera. Mbali yakum'mwera siyabwino - chifukwa kuwonekera nthawi zonse ndi kuwongolera dzuwa, chitsamba sichimangoyenda mu chitukuko, komanso kutentha. Mwakuwala kowala, mawindo akuwonetsetsa.
Zofunika! Panthawi yopuma, ndibwino kupukusa chomera mosinthika: kusunthira kuchipinda chamdima kapena kuphimba ndi bokosi.
Kutsimikiza kwa muyeso wokwanira wa magetsi kumachitika pakayang'aniridwa zobiriwira. Ngati zonse zili m'dongosolo, ndiye kuti m'mphepete mwa mapepala pamakhala malire ofiira, ndipo ndimalo ochepa, otuwa komanso otambalala amapezeka.
Zosayenera nthaka
Zomera zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo zimabzalidwa muzinthu zochepa, ndipo maziko a gawo lapansi ndi dothi. Malo oterowo sioyenera kubzala zitsamba zokhazikika ndipo amafunikira ntchito yonyamula.
Mukamayikirana, tengani chidebe chambiri (masentimita atatu), chizikhala ndi mabowo otulutsira madziwo. Zokonda zimaperekedwa posungira zosakanikirana za cacti ndi maulendala.
Kutsirira kolakwika
Maluwa safunikira kuthirira kambiri - njirayi imachitika pambuyo poti gawo lonse laphwa. Kuchulukitsa kungakhale gwero la zovuta za kagayidwe kazinthu, kuzungulira kwa mizu, komanso kuwonongeka kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Kuthirira kosakwanira kumayambitsa chikaso ndikugwa kwa masamba. Wopulumuka chilala adzachira nthawi yayitali.
Kuchulukana ndikovuta kudziwa ndipo ili ndiye vuto lalikulu. Zizindikiro zimawonekera patapita nthawi yayitali chifukwa chakuti njira zoyipa zoyambirira zimakhudza mizu poyambira.
Chitsamba chathanzi chimatha kupulumutsidwa ngati chouma munthawi yake ndikuchiyika mu gawo lapansi chatsopano. Musanabzale, mbali zowola za mizu zimatulutsidwa, malo omwe adulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Tsinde zowola chifukwa cha kusefukira
Zizindikiro zakutsitsa madzi zikuphatikiza:
- Kapangidwe kazungu pamasamba;
- kubera komanso kupha mafuta m'mbale;
- gawo lonyowa nthawi zonse.
Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi a kuthirira kumasankhidwa malinga ndi ulamuliro wa kutentha ndi nyengo. M'malo opanda matalala, chomera sichitha kuthiriridwa nthawi yayitali, sabata iliyonse.
Zofunika! Mu nyengo yotentha ndi youma, muyenera kukonza chonyowa masamba mwa kupopera kapena kupukuta ndi pedi yonyowa. Mukamachita izi, onetsetsani kuti madzi sakukwanira mumphika wamaluwa.
Kutentha kotalika kapena kotsika
Dongosolo lotentha kwambiri panthawi yopanga masamba ndi + 18 ... +29 degrees. Chifukwa cha magwero ake oyambira, okometsera sakhalaopa kuwuma kwa mpweya ndi kutentha. Vuto lokhalo ndi kukonzekera, siziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi zozizitsira mpweya kapena zenera zotseguka.
Chikhalidwe chimatha kupulumuka mosavuta kutentha kwambiri, koma kutsika kwake mpaka madigiri 10 kungayambitse kugonjetsedwa kwa gawo lobiriwira. Monga njira yokhayo yamankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira kwapfupi kwa mphukira.
Zofunika! Nthawi zambiri chinyezi chimatha kukhala gwero la kuyambitsa matenda a fungal.
Scab
Kuledzera
Chiwerengero chochuluka cha feteleza chimakwiyitsa kukula kwa ntchito yobiriwira unyinji komanso kusakhalapo kwa mapangidwe. Supculents amafunika kudyetsedwa sabata iliyonse ya 3-4, ndipo panthawi yophukira - kawiri pamwezi. Pa hibernation yapachaka, feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pa njirayi, njira zamasitolo zomwe zimapangidwira cacti ndi suppulents zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amaphatikizapo zinthu za nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Kusakaniza kumakhuthulidwa kumizu, kupewa kufalikira kwa mphukira ndi inflorescence. Omwe alimi ena amalangiza kuchepa kapangidwe kake ndi madzi ambiri kuposa momwe akuwunikira.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kusakwanira michere ndi:
- kusawaza kudera lonse lobiriwira;
- kudetsa khungu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbale;
- kutayika kwa mapepala apansi;
- kusowa kwa budding.
Zofunika! Kuperewera kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumavulanso chimodzimodzi. Njira yolondola yothetsera vutoli imafunikira kutsatira malo apakati, thandizo ladzidzidzi limangofunika pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe a hypovitaminosis atha.
Momwe mungapangire Kalanchoe pachimake mu zabwino
Kutsatira kwathunthu malamulo a kuyang'anira chomera sikutsimikizira mawonekedwe a inflorescence. Olima maluwa ambiri amadabwa zomwe zimafunika kuchita kuti maluwa a Kalanchoe. Pali ma nuances angapo omwe amathandizira kuti chitsamba sichingokhala pachimake, komanso kuwonjezera nthawi imeneyi. Ndondomeko zimachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yamasamba.
Mlimiyo ayenera kupanga nyengo yofanana ndi yachilengedwe - kumalo achilengedwe, chikhalidwecho chimakumana ndi nyengo yozizira komanso kutsika kwa maola masana, kugwa kwamvula ndi kutentha kochepa. Wofesayo atapanga fanizo, mbewuyo imaphuka.
Kudulira kukhazikitsa maluwa
Zomwe zimafunikira kuchitidwa
Kukakamiza mbewu kutulutsa inflorescence iyenera kuchitidwa mwatsatanetsatane mwa njirazi:
- Kumiza thupi mosavomerezeka mu miyezi itatu. Kuletsa kukula ndi chitukuko, zimayambira zimadulidwa pafupifupi mpaka pansi, chidebe chimakutidwa ndi nsalu wandiweyani ndikuyika m'chipinda chamdima. Kutentha kuyenera kuchitika mchipindamo pamlingo wa +15 madigiri. Kuthirira kwa gawo lapansi kumachitika kawiri pamwezi, feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yonseyi.
- Kuyambira mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe mpaka Novembala, ayenera kupanga korona wamphamvu. Bokosilo limabwezeretsedwa pamalo ake oyambira, kuthirira kumachitika nthaka itatha, masiku 10 aliwonse. Kutentha kumasungidwa pa + 16 ... +25 degrees. Kuti achulukitse kuchulukana kwa gawo lobiriwira, masamba owonjezera amachotsedwa, kuyesa kukhalabe yofanana.
- Kukondoweza kwa kukula kwa impso - kumafuna kuti pakhale kuwala kwa maola eyiti masana, kuthilira pang'ono pakati pa gawo lapansi ndi kutentha kwa madigiri a 1818. Impso zoyambirira zimapanga masiku 3-5.
Njira yachiwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa impso imaphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito kupsinjika kwa mankhwalawa. Wokongoletsayo adakulungidwa mu nsalu yolimba, yopepuka ndikukutumiza kuchipinda chamdima kwa mwezi umodzi. Kwa nthawi yonseyi, muyenera kusiya kuthirira kapena kudyetsa.
Kwa katswiri wamaluwa wozindikira, kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa kuperewera kwa masamba pamafunso ndi kosavuta. Mukapenda mosamala, mutha kuzindikira kusintha kwakunja komwe kumanenanso vuto lomwe likukula. Kuwona malamulo oyang'anira chikhalidwechi, musaiwale kuti kukonzanso pansi kudzapangitsa kuti mafangasi a matenda a fungus agwedezeke. Kutsatira ndendende ndi zomwe zikufunika kudzakuthandizani kukula bwino komanso kutulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse, popanda chitetezo chokwanira komanso kukana matenda ndi tizilombo.
