Mitundu yosatha ya masamba obiriwira herpaceous Peperomia ndi wa banja Pepper (kapena Pepper). Duwa limamera m'malo otentha a Asia ndi America. Chomera chimakonda madera okhala ndi mithunzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala pamtundu wokumba, dothi louma komanso ngakhale miyala. Peperomia imakhala ndi mitundu komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Masamba achikhalidwe ichi ndi wandiweyani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale pafupi ndi mitundu yabwino. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zomwe zimapanga peperomia: mitundu, mawonekedwe a chisamaliro, kukula.
Peperomia: mafotokozedwe achidule ndi mitundu
Chofunikira kwambiri pamtundu wamtunduwu ndi masamba, omwe amatha kukhala ochepa kapena akulu, owonda kapena wandiweyani, osalala kapena okhazikika, ozungulira kapena owala, etc. Colours amasiyana kuchokera pagolide ndi bulauni mpaka kuwala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Komanso mitunduyi imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi mawanga ndi madontho oyera kapena achikasu.
Kufalikira Peperomia
Maluwa amachitika nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe. Pakadali pano, masamba angapo okhala ndi peperomia amawonda kwambiri. Zipatso zamphesa zomwe zili pamwamba pa maluwa zimawoneka ngati zipatso zazing'ono zomwe zimalekanitsidwa mosavuta ndi chomera.
Zambiri! Kupanga zipatso ndizotheka kuthengo kokha. Kupangika kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya tizilombo.
Tchire limatha kutalika masentimita 15 mpaka 50.
Pazomera zamaluwa, peperomies ndiwofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha zokongoletsera zawo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso zofunikira zochepa pokonza.
Mwa mitundu yambiri ya peperomia, yonse yolimba ndi yama nthambi (yomwe yakhwima ngati yambiri) imawonekera. Zomera zonga ma Bush zimapezekanso.
Peperomia imadziwika ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono (kutalika kwa mphukira kumawonjezeka ndi 13 cm pachaka) ndipo osati mizu yamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makonzedwe a maluwa (mwachitsanzo, pamodzi ndi zipatso za zipatso kapena chilombo).
Kukhazikika masamba masamba a petiole ndi kwina.
Kufalitsa maluwa kungachitike m'njira zitatu:
- kudula;
- ndi mbewu;
- kugawa chitsamba.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu ya Peperomia imaphatikizapo mitundu ya 1161, yomwe mitundu pafupifupi 50 imabzala kunyumba.
Mutu peperomia
Ndi yamtundu waukulu, popeza imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, yopyapyala komanso yolimba. Pamwamba pawo pali zokongoletsedwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, odzaza ndi masamba owoneka ngati mawonekedwe.
Dzinalo limawonetsa zachilendo, kukumbukira mawonekedwe a mutu, mtundu wamasamba.
Tcherani khutu! M'malo owala kwambiri, mtundu wa masamba amatsika. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa, makulidwe ofiira okwanira ndi petioles amakhala a pinki.
Mtunduwu ndi m'gulu la mbewu zololera pamthunzi.
Duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti likule pamipika yamaluwa.
Peperomia glabella
Achingidwa Peperomia
Masamba omwe ali pamtundawu ndi opindika, osalala, mtundu wake ndiwobiliwira, osawerengetsa mitsempha yofiirira. Palinso mitundu ina yofiirira ndi masamba ofiira. Kukula kwake, mapuletiwo si akulu, ali ndi mawonekedwe amtima ndipo ndi oyandikana kwambiri. Mphukira ndizifupi, motero chitsamba chimawoneka ngati squat, koma nthawi yomweyo chimakhala chokongola kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe chimachita maluwa kwa miyezi iwiri chilimwe ndi maluwa oyera oyera, omwe mumtunda wokhazikika womwe umatuluka pamwamba pa msika wowoneka bwino. Maluwa samatulutsa fungo.
Masamba ofiirira amatha kudziunjikira madzimadzi. Mizu yake ndi yapamwamba.
Zambiri! Mtunduwu udafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1958. Mpaka pano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yapangidwa.
Ponena za kusamalira peperomia kufota kunyumba, kutentha komwe kumalimbikitsidwa pakakulitsa maluwa ndi 23 ° C. Kutsirira pang'ono kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa (kupatula mitundu ndi masamba a pubescent).
Peperomia wofinya imasowa feteleza pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba sikofunikira. Ikani chikhalidwe mu kasupe kapena chilimwe. Kubzala kumachitika mu nthaka yolimba, yopangidwa ndi turf, tsamba ndi peat nthaka, komanso mchenga.
Peperomia ofota caperata
Peperomia Klusielistnaya
Mtengowo umadziwika ndi mitengo yolimba yomwe imakwirira masamba akuluakulu obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, wokhala ndi kufupika (mpaka 1 cm) petioles. Kutalika, pepalalo chimafikira pafupifupi 15 cm, m'lifupi - 8 cm. Kumtunda ndi matte. M'mphepete mwa masamba mulinso mbali zofiirira. Ambiri aiwo amasonkhanitsidwa pansi pa mphukira.
Tcherani khutu! Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yokhala ndi toni ziwiri, mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezekanso, yomwe ili ndi zaka zofiirira, zachikaso komanso zobiriwira.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukula duwa pazenera la kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Ngati muyika buku pawindo lakumpoto, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira mudzafunika kuwunikira kowonjezera.
Zojambula siziloledwa. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20-23 ° C, mosasamala nyengo. Kutentha pang'ono peperomy kumalekerera bwino kwambiri ndipo kumatha kudwala. Potentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kupaka maluwa.
Clusiifolia
Watermelon peperomia
Dzinalo limayimira mtundu wa motley wa masamba owoneka bwino ofanana ndi masamba a chivwende. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi ovate, kutalika kwa mbale kumasiyana kuchokera 5 mpaka 8 cm.
Kutalika kwa mphukira zofiirira sikupita masentimita 12. Chomera chofanizira cha squat kuthengo ndichovundikira. Mu mtundu womwewo, chikhalidwechi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Peperomia yotsika mtengo imawoneka bwino limodzi ndi maluwa ena akuluakulu, komanso yabwino kubisa madera opanda miphika.
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, chikhalidwecho chimakula mwachangu ndikusanduka chitsamba chobiriwira.
Duwa limasowa kuwala kowala, kuthirira pang'ono ndi mpweya wotentha. Feteleza chomera tikulimbikitsidwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
Dothi lodzala peperomia liyenera kudutsa mpweya wabwino, apo ayi mizu iyamba kuwola. Chikhalidwechi chimayankha bwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Mavwende
Variegate Peperomia
Izi zimachokera ku peperomia kluzielistnaya. Mtundu wa masamba owundikira umaphatikizapo mithunzi iwiri nthawi imodzi: malire a beige amapezeka mozungulira malo obiriwira. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kocheperako, chikhalidwecho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kotero kupeza duwa m'malo abwino pazenera lililonse sizikhala zovuta.
Tcherani khutu! Ndikosatheka kukumana ndi chomera m'chilengedwe, popeza izi zidapangidwa chifukwa chogulitsa.
Chikhalidwe chimayenda bwino ndi ena oimira maluwa, makamaka mu nyimbo zomwe pakufunika kuchepetsa phale la mithunzi yobiriwira.
Kuti duwa lifike bwino, duwa limafunikira kuwala kowala.
Variegata
Mphamvu yokoka ya Peperomia
Duwa limafanana ndi maonekedwe ake ngati matanthwe apanyanja. Mapepala okhala ndi masamba okwanira 5cm komanso mulifupi wa 1 cm ali ndi mawonekedwe opindika komanso opindika. Gawo lakumwamba la pepalalo limapakidwa utoto wobiriwira kapena wowoneka wobiriwira, ndipo pansi - mu burgundy, ofiira komanso mithunzi ina yofiira. Pakati pa tsamba lililonse limakongoletsedwa ndi bowo lowoneka bwino.
Kutalika kwa tchire kumatha kufika masentimita 25. Maluwa achikasu owoneka bwino m'makutu amawoneka okongola kwambiri motsutsana ndi maziko a "coral" greenery.
Zofunika! Chomera sichimafuna kuthirira kwambiri ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pafupipafupi, popeza minofu yathanzi (monga yabwino) imasunga madzi bwino. Chikhalidwe sichifunikiranso kuyatsa kowala.
Kuika maluwa kumachitika ngati kuli kofunikira, chitsamba chikakula mpaka kukula kotero kuti chimadzadza mumphika wakale.
Peperomia manda
Multi-Peperomia
Zosiyanasiyana sizimapezeka pakhomo. Malo oyambira zachikhalidwe ndi mayiko monga Peru, Colombia, Ecuador.
Kutalika kwa tchire kumayambira 20 mpaka 50 cm. Masamba ake ndi opendekeka (amafanana ndi plantain), utoto wake ndi wobiriwira. Maluwa ndi oyera kapena beige. Mfuti zimakhala zolimba, zopangidwa bwino.
Peperomia polybotrya
Peperomia anakuwa
Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi nthambi zoyambira. Masamba obiriwira amdima ozungulira kapena mawonekedwe a rhomboid amasonkhanitsidwa muzinthu zamafufuzikulu a ma 3-5.
Chifukwa cha nthambi zokulitsa, duwa ndi loyenerera kulimidwa kokwanira. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi Juni. Kukula pachaka kwa toyesa achinyamata ndi 10-13 cm.
Kutentha kumene kumakulitsa maluwawo kuyambira pa 20 ° C mpaka 24 ° C nthawi yachilimwe komanso kuyambira 15 ° C mpaka 18 ° C nthawi yozizira. Pa matalala, pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyeneranso kuchepetsedwa.
Duwa limatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono, koma osati kutsika kuposa 10 ° C.
Zofunika! Mtunduwu umalimbikitsidwa kuti uzisowa tsiku lililonse.
Mitundu yamtundu wamtunda imakonda malo otetezedwa; mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira dzuwa.
Nthaka yosavomerezeka ndi yoyenera kubzala. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyenera kukhala nthawi 1 m'masiku 10 (kuchepetsedwa nthawi yozizira).
Peperomia verticillata
Peperomia perescelial
Maluwa ndi akulu, amakhala ndi mphukira zazitali. Chomera chaching'ono chimakhala ndi zimayambira, zomwe pamapeto pake zimatsika ndikulemera kwawo. Masamba ovunda amakula m'magulu a 3-5. Kutalika kwa tsamba lamasamba ndi masentimita 3-5, m'lifupi mwake amafikira masentimita 2-3. Pamalo ake owoneka bwino, mitsempha yokhotakhota 2-3 imawonedwa. Petioles kulibe.
Pereskiifolia
Mitundu ina yotchuka yazomera imakhalanso ndi:
- kondomu;
- siliva peperomia;
- glabella peperomia;
- poter peperomia;
- peperomia la orb;
- peperomia rotundifolia.
- polyterbium peperomy;
- peperomia yaying'ono;
- peperomia wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
- tsabola.
Ampel akukula
Mitundu ya Poperomia imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, iliyonse yomwe imadabwitsa ndi kukongola kwake koyambirira. Kutsimikizika kotereku kumakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe mitundu yoyenera ya kukoma konse.
