Makhalidwe ndi zizindikiro za tomato kukula "Gina" pa tsamba

Nkhani ya zokambirana zathu m'nkhaniyi idzakhala tomato yosiyana siyana, yomwe idalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri a ku Ulaya osati kale kwambiri, koma atha kale kutchuka ngati zabwino mwazinthu zazikulu. Dzina lake ndi "Gina", ndipo phwetekereyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti ikhale yotseguka pansi, komanso m'malo odyera.

Mukudziwa? Kudya tomato kumapindulitsa anthu chifukwa ali ndi carotene, vitamini B (1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12), C, PP, D, folic acid. Tomato ali ndi calcium, potaziyamu, manganese, phosphorous, komanso imakhala ndi chitsulo ndi magnesium.

Zamkatimu:

• Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mitundu
• Kukula tomato kudutsa mbande
• Kufesa mbewu za mbande
• Kubzala mbande pa tsamba
• Kodi n'zotheka kukula Gina tomato m'njira yopanda madzi?
• Kodi kusamalira tomato "Gina"
• Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka
• Kukwera pamwamba kovekedwa
• Kukana kwa tizirombo ndi matenda
• Kutulutsa ndi kupereka
• Mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito tomato "Gina"

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Kudziwa ndi zosiyanasiyana, timayamba ndi makhalidwe a tomato "Gina". Amatchula mitundu ya nyengo - zipatso zimapsa pa tsiku la makumi awiri ndi limodzi pambuyo pake.

Zipatso zimakula mozungulira, zimawombera pang'ono, zimakhala zofiira, zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, zimakhala zazikulu komanso zazikulu kwambiri - kulemera kwake kumakhala kuchokera pa 150 mpaka 280 g.Wakalemba amafika 300 g.

Zikuyesa kuti zokolola za makilogalamu 10 pa mita imodzi ndizofanana ndi phwetekere ya Gina. m Kuwonjezera pa zabwino zawo zokolola makhalidwe, tomato izi zosiyanasiyana akupezekanso kutchuka chifukwa cha zabwino kukoma. Popeza amadziwika ndi kusakaniza kwambiri shuga ndi zidulo - ali ndi kukoma kokoma ndi pang'ono acidity, zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse. Nyama yawo ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso minofu, ili ndi 4.5-5% yowuma.

Tomato "Gina" ali ochepa - tchire la zomera zimakhala kutalika kwa 30-60 masentimita. Kuchokera muzu kukula, monga lamulo, atatu mapesi. Choncho, tomato wa zosiyanasiyana samayenera kumangirira ndi kupanga chitsamba mwa iwo.

Chomeracho ndi thermophilic, komabe, kum'mwera madera amalekerera kubzala mu njira yopanda mbewu.

Ili ndi mawonekedwe a hybrid, omwe amatchedwa "Gina TST". Zimasiyanasiyana ndi zomwe zinayambitsidwa ndi kukana kupasula, ndi kukula msinkhu ndi zipatso zazing'ono.

Werengani za mitundu ina ya tomato: "Persimmon", "Siberia oyambirira", "Bruin Bear", "Tretyakovsky", "Red Guard", "Bobcat", "Crimson Giant", "Shuttle", "Batyanya".

Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mitundu

Ngati tipenda ubwino ndi zovuta zonse za "Gin" zosiyanasiyana, ndiye ubwino wake ndi:

• kuthekera kwa kulima kumalo otseguka ndi otseka;
• zokolola zabwino;
• zipatso zazikulu;
• nthawi ya fruiting;
• mavitamini ambiri;
• kukoma kwa zipatso;
• zabwino transportability wa tomato;
• dziko lonse la tomato;
• kuphatikiza, ndi chifukwa chake, kusowa ntchito panthawi ya kulima kuti achite zinthu monga kumangiriza, kupanga, kupaka, kupukuta;
• chiwerengero cha nyengo;
• chisamaliro;
• Kukaniza matenda monga fusarium, kuchepa kochedwa, mizu yovunda, verticillis;
• yosungirako nthawi yaitali nyengo zonse.

Mukudziwa? Poyika Gina tomato muzitsulo zamoto zosawindira komanso chipinda choziziritsa, amatha kusunga maonekedwe awo ndi kukoma kwa miyezi itatu.

Osati zochepetsetsa zambiri, pakati pawo timawona:

• kawirikawiri kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo;
• Kusagwirizana ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, komwe kumafuna malo osakhalitsa pobzala pansi;
• chipatso chosweka pamene yakucha.

Werengani za momwe mungamangire wowonjezera kutentha kwa mafuta ndi nkhuni yotentha yopangira tomato.

Kukula tomato kudutsa mbande

Tomato amatha kukhala wamkulu pogwiritsa ntchito mbande ndi njira yopanda mbeu. Chomwe chimasankha chimadalira nyengo zomwe zimabzalidwa. Taganizirani zochitika za aliyense wa iwo.

Kufesa mbewu za mbande

Bzalani mbewu za mbande zikhale kumapeto kwa March. Tsiku lomalizira lidzakhala chiyambi cha April. Musanafese, mbewuyi imayikidwa mu njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate.

Pambuyo mapangidwe a masamba oyambirira (mmodzi kapena awiri) amamera ayenera kupita m'matangi osiyanasiyana ndi peat. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa panja kuti zikhale zovuta. Mungayambe kuyambira mphindi 15 patsiku, kenako pang'onopang'ono muwonjeze nthawiyi.

Kubzala mbande pa tsamba

Zomera zimabzala nthawi kuyambira pa May 25 mpaka June 10. Mmera pa nthawi yobzala ayenera kukhala ndi masiku 45 mpaka 50. Kuti musamangoganizira za nthawi yake komanso kuti musamawononge chodzala, m'pofunika kufunsa za kutentha kwa dothi.

Ndikofunikira! Kutentha kwa dothi kwa kubzala phwetekere ayenera kukhala osachepera 18 madigiri.

Kulingalira kotereku kubzala ndi tchire zitatu kapena zinayi pa mita iliyonse. m

Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumadutsa madigiri 17, zomera ziyenera kuzungulidwa.

Kodi n'zotheka kukula Gina tomato m'njira yopanda madzi?

Ndi njira yopanda mbewu, mbeu zimabzalidwa pansi. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa panthawi imodzimodzi yobzala mbande: kuyambira kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Njira yobzala ndi iyi:

1. Mapangidwe a grooves 30 cm.
2. Manyowa a nthaka ndi phosphate-potaziyamu kapena phulusa.
3. Kudzaza grooves ndi dziko lapansi.
4. Kuthira kwakukulu.
5. Kupanga mabowo osaya.
6. Kuyika mmenemo mbewu zingapo.
7. Powani dziko lawo.

Kodi kusamalira tomato "Gina"

Mukamabzala m'munda wa ndiwo zamasamba, "Gina" tomato, akakula, amachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi ma tomato ena, komabe pali kusiyana kwake: samangiriza zimayambira, samagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a tchire komanso osakwatira. Kuzisamalira ndizokhazikika ndipo kumakhala kuthirira, kumasula nthaka ndi feteleza. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kuchita njira zothandizira komanso zothandizira matenda ndi tizilombo towononga.

Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka

Iyenera kuthiriridwa pamene dothi lopanda pamwamba limauma pang'ono. Pakati pa maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kawiri kawiri pa sabata. Mu gawo la mapangidwe a chipatso, chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira chiyenera kuwonjezeka ndipo chiyenera kuchitidwa tsiku lililonse. Ndipo m'nyengo yotentha kwambiri, kutentha kumadutsa madigiri 28-30, madzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Muyeneranso kuchepetsa vuto la nthaka - liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi kuyeretsa namsongole. Choncho, tomato amawonetsedwa nthawi zonse kumasula mabedi ndi kupalira.

Kukwera pamwamba kovekedwa

Manyowa akulimbikitsidwa kuti apange molingana ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

• Kudyetsa koyamba ndi masabata awiri mutabwerera pansi;
• chakudya chachiwiri - pambuyo pa masiku khumi;
• chakudya chachitatu - masabata awiri pambuyo pake;
• Kuvala kwachinayi - masiku 20 pambuyo pachitatu.

Kudyetsa ayenera kukhala feteleza omwe amalimbikitsa tomato, mwachitsanzo, "Gumi Kuznetsova", "Gumate-Universal", "Emerald", "Ideal", ndi zina zotero.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, tomato ayenera kuwaza ndi madzi olekanitsa kapena amvula. Njira zodyetsera ndi kuthirira ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa kapena madzulo, chifukwa madzi kapena mtedza pamasamba akudza ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa.

Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupeza bwino kukolola, mizu yophimba makamaka makamaka alternated ndi foliar. Pambuyo maonekedwe a ma thumba losunga mazira, fetereza imaloledwa kokha pazu.

Kukana kwa tizirombo ndi matenda

Imodzi mwa mavuto aakulu omwe amatha kumvetsa tomato ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pali okondedwa ambiri omwe amadya nsonga za phwetekere.

Aphid. Kawirikawiri madzi a zomera amamwa aphid. Chotsatira chake, masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndipo tomato amakula. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toonongeka timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira ngati mawonekedwe a insecticidal zomera: anyezi peel, adyo, fodya, chitsamba chowawa. Pakakhala zilonda zamadzimadzi, m'pofunikira kupopera mankhwala opatsirana mankhwala: "Decis Pro", "Confidor Maxi", "Review", ndi zina zotero.

Chipatala cha Colorado. Mphutsi za kachilomboka sizingathetsenso kudya phwetekere. Chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwawo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosakaniza (njira yosankha) ndi mankhwala - kupopera mankhwala ndi kukonzekera "Decis Extra", "Senpai", "Confidor", "Corado", ndi zina zotero. Medvedka. Zimapweteka mizu ya mbewu, kuchititsa kuti mbewuyo iwonongeke ndi kufa. Chotsani matendawa ndi mankhwala "Medvetoksom", "Rembek Granula."

Mungapeze kachilomboka. Mphutsi za cockchafer ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa tomato, chifukwa zimatha kupweteka imfa ya chitsamba chonse. Amamenyedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "Basudin", "Zemlin", "Antikhrusch".

Wireworm. Nkhondo yolimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendayi imakhala ndi njira imodzimodzi ndi mphutsi za chikumbu.

Kwa matenda akulu omwe amapezeka mu mbewu za masamba, Gina akulephera.

Kutulutsa ndi kupereka

Malangizo, Gina tomato zipse mkati masiku 110-120 kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a ziphuphu. Zokolola za zosiyanasiyanazi ndizitali: ndizotheka kusonkhanitsa 2.5-4 makilogalamu a tomato ku chitsamba chimodzi. Kololani monga tomato zipse.

Mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito tomato "Gina"

Pa ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana zomwe timasonyeza kuti zimakhala zogwirizana, timatanthawuza kuti tomato akhoza kudyedwa mwatsopano, komanso amatha kupangira ketchup, kuyhika, madzi a phwetekere ndi phala.

Mukhozanso kutolera tomato m'nyengo yozizira ndi kupanga phwetekere kupanikizana.

Choncho, tomato a Gina ali ndi ubwino wambiri komanso zochepa zokhazokha. Zili zosavuta kusunga, zomwe zimawathandiza kukula ngakhale wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa omwe alibe chidziwitso. Ndipo kutsimikizira izi, apa pali ndemanga kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ayesa kale mbewu za Gina:

Elena M.: "Ndinayamba kuphunzira kukula kwa tomato, ndipo ndinaphunzira zambiri."

Lyudmila Y: "Zokometsera ndi zabwino kwambiri. Iwo amasangalala ndi nthawi, kukula ndi kukoma kwake komanso kuphweka kwake".