Lero tidzakuuzani za mtundu wina wa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya atsekwe mumalo osungirako Soviet, omwe angapezeke m'mabanja komanso m'minda yaing'ono ya nkhuku.
Padzakhala bokosi lalikulu la imvi yemwe amamva bwino pa nyengo yathu, ndipo kusamalira akulu ndi nyama zazing'ono sizingabweretse mavuto.
Mbiri yakale
Mitunduyi inalembedwa zaka makumi atatu zapitazo pa gawo la sayansi ya sayansi ya ulimi wa nkhuku ku Ukraine. Atsekwe otchedwa Toulouse ndi a Romain adasankhidwa. Komabe, uwu si mapeto a nkhaniyo, chifukwa ntchito yowonjezera pa kukonzanso kwa makhalidwe inali kale kale m'dera la Tambov pambuyo pa nkhondo. 
Toulouse ndi Romain Goose Ma specimens anali kudyetsedwa pa zakudya zochepa kwambiri, ntchito inkapangidwa kuti iwonjezere kulemera kwa thupi ndi kubala, komanso kuti zikhale zovuta m'ndende zosiyanasiyana. Chotsatira chake, mtundu wobiriwira wa atsekwe unatengedwa, umene umagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: Chiyukireniya steppe tsekwe ndi Tambov. Ena obereketsa amaonetsa Ural mtundukuti imatsutsana kwambiri ndi chisanu.
Pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi osaka ndi ornithologists ndi njuchi zakuthengo: tsekwe zoyera, tsekwe zakuda (brant), tsekwe zoyera.
Kufotokozera ndi mbali zakunja
Mtundu wa mbalame ukufanana ndi dzina. Khosi ndi chifuwa ndizojambula imvi. Mapiko pafupi ndi chophatikiza amakhala ndi imvi, ndipo pafupi ndi m'mphepete - wakuda. Kumbuyo kwa thupi ndi kumbuyo zimakhala zofiira zoyera kapena zofiira. Kulemera kwake kwa mbalame kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 7 mpaka 9 kg. Amayi nthawi zonse amalemera kuposa amuna. Chiwerengero cha nyama kuchokera misala yonse ya munthu pa amuna ndi akazi ndi chimodzimodzi. 
Goose ali ndi thupi lonse. Pamimba mabokosi awiri amadziwika. Minofu ya pectoral imakhala yovuta kwambiri, yopangidwa bwino. Khosi lili ndi kutalika kwake. Mutu ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa owerengeka. Mlomowu ndi wandiweyani, wojambula mu lalanje kapena mdima wakuda lalanje wofiira.
Mukudziwa? Atsekwe amasankha maulendo angapo m'miyoyo yawo. Ngati mnzanuyo wamwalira, ndiye kuti mbalame yachiwiriyo idzadabwa kwambiri, yomwe ingakane kudya. Mkhalidwe wotere ukhoza kugwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo.
Kupanga mazira apachaka
Mtundu uwu suli ndi mazira okwera mazira.Choncho, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha mtundu. Gofu yakuda imatulutsidwa kuti ikhale nyama, choncho munthu mmodzi amapereka mazira 30 mpaka 60 pachaka. Kulemera kwa mazira - 175 g
Pezani pamene atsekwe amayamba kuwuluka panyumba, komanso zomwe zili zothandiza komanso momwe mazira amathandizira.
Onetsetsani kuti mazira amakhala otsika kwambiri, choncho muzilombo 100 mudzalandira anthu 60 mpaka 75 a nyama zinyama. Mpikisano woterewu umapangitsa kukhala pafupi 25-28 zogwira bwino goslings kuchokera pa awiri awiri pachaka. 
Zomwe amangidwa
Taganizirani momwe zinthu ziliri bwino pa mtunduwu, zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa pamene zikukula Chiyukireniya ndi Tambov. Ural atsekwe akhoza kupirira kutentha pang'ono, mwinamwake zikhalidwe ziri zofanana.
Zofuna zapanyumba
Chipinda, chomwe chili ndi atsekwe, chingapangidwe ndi zipangizo zilizonse. Ndikofunika kuti zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito pansi, zisasungunule chinyezi, komanso zimapezeka patali (20-30 cm). Izi ndizofunika kwambiri kuti nyengo yozizira isakhale yoziziritsa, komanso imakhala yosalala nthawi zonse. Chofunika ndi kusowa kwa zojambula, zomwe zingayambitse chimfine.
Ŵerenganiponso za zovuta za kumanga nyumba ndi manja anu.
Mtundu uwu wa atsekwe uli nawo kukana bwino chisanu ndi chinyezi chapamwambaKomabe, ngati mbalame zambiri zimakhala zowonongeka nthawi zonse, sizidzatha kugwira bwino ntchito zake. Pachifukwachi, mbalameyo imayamba kudya zambiri kuti ikhale yotentha, yomwe imaphatikizapo ndalama zina.
Mchenga kapena utuchi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zogona m'chilimwe, ndi peat kapena udzu m'nyengo yozizira. Pa munthu mmodzi pa nyengoyi amatenga makilogalamu pafupifupi 40 a zinyalala, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene mukugula. Ngati pali vuto ndi mlingo wa ammonia excretion, kapena zinyalala zimakhala zowonongeka, ndiye superphosphate yowonjezeredwa pomuika (200 g palayi).
Kuyenda
M'nyengo yotentha, atsekwe amamasulidwa kumalo otseguka ndi udzu, kumene angapeze pafupi pafupifupi koloko. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wa chakudya, komanso kuti mbalameyo itulutse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kudya zitsamba zofunika kuti tikhale ndi thanzi labwino. 
Ngati pali nyanja kapena mtsinje pafupi ndi nyumba yanu, ndiye kuti atsekwe ndi paradaiso weniweni pomwe adzalandira gawo la mkango nthawi zonse.
Ngati atsekwe amatha kupeza madzi, izi zidzathandiza kwambiri pa chitukuko chawo. Mukhoza kupanga dziwe nokha, ndipo silikufuna ndalama zazikulu kwambiri.
Mankhwala amadzi amathandiza kuti thupi likhale labwino komanso limakhala bwino, komanso limadya zakudya zina monga algae ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ngati ziweto zimadyetsa zokhazokha zomwe zimapezeka, nthawi zonse m'madzi, zimakhala zovuta kuti mutaya thupi chifukwa chochita zambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Simungathe kuyenda mbalame pafupi ndi malo osungiramo katundu, malo ogulitsa mafakitale kapena misewu yaikulu. Izi zingawononge moyo wa atsekwe.
Kodi ndiyenera kusamalira chiyani m'nyengo yozizira?
Ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito atse okha nyengo yotentha, kuti asapange mavuto ena okha. Komabe, njirayi si yabwino kwa aliyense, motero n'kofunika kudziwa momwe angakonzekere mbalame m'nyengo yozizira. 
M'nyengo yozizira, ntchito ya nkhuku ikuyenera kukhala yopanda malire, mwinamwake kutaya kwake sikungapewe. Ndikoyenera kuti musalole atsekwe kuti alowe mumsewu chifukwa chakuti mphamvu zambiri zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha, zomwe zidzakhudza chilakolako cha mbalame.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kukula kwa zinyalala zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Ngati amadziwa kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tilowemo, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zovuta kupeza malo abwino.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chouma, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kudandaula za kupeza madzi abwino ofunda. Popeza mbalameyo sungakhoze kupeza chinyezi chokwanira pamodzi ndi chakudya, imayenera kupatsidwa mpata wothetsa ludzu nthawi iliyonse ya tsikulo. Pofuna kupewa madzi ozizira kuti asakhale chifukwa cha matenda, muyenera kuyang'anira kutentha kwa chipinda ndi madzi, kapena kuika moto wapadera.
Video: kusunga atsekwe m'nyengo yozizira
Zimene mungadyetse mbalame
Kenaka, timaganizira za kudya zakudya zam'madzi zotsekemera m'nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha. Tiyeni tiwone za chakudya chomwe chiri chachikulu, ndi chiyani-zina.
Spring-chilimwe
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, gawo la mkango la zakudya limagwera pa zakudya zokoma zobiriwira, zomwe ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana. Ngati atsekwe akudyetsedwa pamalo osatsegula, ndiye kuti musadandaule ndi zakudya, koma ngati mbalame sizikhala ndi mwayi wotero, muyenera kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo zonse.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala ndi udzu watsopano kapena zitsamba zamtengo wapatali (nyemba, clover), silage wa nyemba kapena tirigu, komanso chakudya chophatikiza. Ngati msipu ukupitirirabe, ndiyekwanira m'mawa kupereka chakudya chamtamini.
Onaninso za kukula kwa alfa ndi clover, silage ndi silage yosungirako.
Ndikofunika kulingalira osati zowonjezera zosowa za munthu payekha, komanso magalimoto. Atsekwe sayenera kukhala ndi njala, chifukwa izi zidzakhudza kulemera kwake. Ngati mbalame ikufuna kudya, imayenera kudyetsedwa. 
Ikani nyengo yozizira
Sizingatheke kudyetsa m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, choncho mwiniwakeyo ndi amene amapereka zinthu zonse zofunika. Atsekwe ayenera kupereka mizu yazu, silage wa nyemba ndi tirigu, chakudya cha nyama, udzu wofunika udzu. Kudyetsa kumafunika katatu patsiku, kuti pakhale phindu lolemera.
Ndi bwino kupatsa chakudya chamtundu wokhala ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri, pamene amapereka gawo la mkaka, ndipo mizu ndi silage zimathandiza kuti chiberekero cha nkhuku chizigwira bwino, kupereka chinyezi chofunikira, komanso mavitamini ndi mchere.
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, atsekwe ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wozungulira maola ndi choko. Zowonjezera izi ziyenera kuikidwa m'malo odyera osiyana.
Kapangidwe ka chakudya chokwanira (chiwerengero cha kuchulukitsa kwa chakudya chambiri):
- Mbewu ndi nyemba - 65-70%.
- Chakudya ndi keke - 5-10%.
- Curd kapena yazhenka - 3-4%.
- Grass chakudya - 5-30%.
- Zakudya zamchere - 5%.
Goose yodetsa nkhawa
Ngakhale ambuye ambiri akuimba mlandu mtundu uwu wa mazira osauka, koma pakudza makulitsidwe, zonena zonse zimatha. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mbalameyi imamangirira ndi kusamalira goslings m'tsogolozomwe zimakulolani kusiya galimotoyo.
Atsekwe amayang'anitsitsa chisacho ndi kamba, akuyendetsa kutali alendo komanso kulepheretsa kayendetsedwe kawo pafupi ndi mazira. Makhalidwewa samalola kuyika zinyama zambiri m'chipinda chaching'ono, choncho muyenera kudandaula za vutoli pasadakhale.
Zimabereka
Kenaka, fufuzani zofunikira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupeza achinyamata abwino. Potsata ndondomeko zotsatirazi, mbalame idzatenga makilogalamu asanu mu masabata asanu ndi atatu. 
Zofunikira
Mazira a goose ayamba kuikidwa mu March, koma izi zidzachitika kokha ngati chipinda chili ndi kutentha kwakukulu - osachepera 12 ° C. Choncho, zina Kutentha kwa tsekwe pa nthawiyi ndi kuvomerezedwa okha kumpoto. Pofuna kuti mayi asawononge mazira onse osadya chipolopolo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mchere, nthawi zonse mumupatse mkaka.
Mazira amapangidwa tsiku lililonse. Ngati munthu akuthamanga pamalo ena, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala mavuto. Komabe, ngati tsekwe zitapanga zisa zingapo, ndiye kuti muyenera kudera nkhawa zokasuntha mazira onse ku chisa kumene mbalameyo imatha nthawi yambiri, mwinamwake mungapeze goslings angapo kuchokera ku mphamvu.
Musaiwale za udani pakati pa amayi amtsogolo, omwe amapezeka pakuika mazira. Pofuna kuthetsa mikangano, pafupi ndi chisa chilichonse muyenera kuika chakudya, zakumwa ndi madzi, komanso zida zazing'ono ndi mchere.
Video: Kuthamanga kwa atsekwe akuluakulu mu imoto
Kudyetsa
M'masiku oyambirira mutatha kuthamanga, goslings amadyetsedwa ndi zotsatirazi osakaniza: wosweka mwamsanga yophika dzira, mwatsopano curd, wosweka chimanga, mpendadzuwa chakudya. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chapadera, komabe, sankhani mankhwala apamwamba kuti muteteze matenda a nyama zinyama. Pa tsiku lachisanu, ziphuphu zimapatsidwa mizu ndi keke ngati mawonekedwe a gruel. Zakudya sayenera kukhala youma kapena madzi ambiri.
Makhalidwe a tsiku ndi tsiku odyetsa ana aang'ono (chakudya ndi zobiriwira):
- Masiku 8-14 - 3-12 g, 5-25 g;
- Masiku 15-21 - 21-50 g, 51-120 g;
- Tsiku 22-28 - 51-100 g, 121-150 g;
- 29-35 masiku - 101-120 g, 151-200 g;
- 36-42 tsiku - 121-140 g, 201-300
Kuonjezerapo, chakudya chikuwonjezeka pa nthawi yeniyeni ndi 20 g, ndipo zobiriwira ndi 50 g. Pa tsiku la 70 la kubadwa, nkhumba zimatumizidwa ku chakudya chachikulu. Mukhoza kumasulira kale, koma izi zidzakhudza kulemera kwake. 
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Mtundu uwu uli ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zake zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene mukugula anapiye.
Zotsatira:
- kupindula mwamsanga;
- kupanga mazira abwino;
- maluso abwino olerera;
- Kusiyana kudzichepetsa kwa zikhalidwe za ukaidi.
Wotsatsa:
- nyama imakhala ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri, choncho mtunduwu sungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'minda yayikulu ya nkhuku;
- Zakudya zapamwamba zimafunika m'nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Moyo wapamwamba wa tsekwe umafikira zaka 25, zomwe zimaposa agalu.
Video: Yaikulu ya imvi
Alimi a nkhuku amayang'ana za mtundu wa tsekwe zazikulu
Mbuzi yaikuru imakhala yosavomerezeka yomwe imakhala yoyenera kwa eni eni, komanso kwa akatswiri. Mbalameyi siimasowa kutentha, ndipo chifukwa chake idatchuka.
