Strelitzia ndi udzu wobiriwira nthawi zonse wochokera kubanja la Strelitzia. Dziko lakwawo ndi mapiri, zigwa ndi magombe a mitsinje ya South Africa. Mtengowu uli ndi mbiri yachifumu, chifukwa mitundu yake idatchulidwa pambuyo pa anthu achifumu ku England ndi Russia. Ngakhale duwa limalumikizidwa ndi mabanja achifumu, sikuti ndiwopatsa chidwi. Strelitzia imakhala yamtengo wapatali ngati maluwa owoneka bwino osafanana ndi mbalame zodabwitsa. Zomera zoterezi zimadzaza mkati mwake ndi utoto wonyezimira komanso wonunkhira bwino.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Strelitzia ndi mtundu wocheperako wa herbaceous perennials. Ngakhale zoyerekezera zam'nyumba sizimakhala zazitali masentimita 80, koma ma distloczi amtchire ndi okulirapo. Amakula mpaka 2-10 m kutalika ndi 1-2 m mulifupi. Chimbudzi chachikulu chimalowanso munthaka. Masamba ozungulira kapena ovate okhala ndi malekezero ena amakhala ndi khungu loyera la mtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Pa tsamba la masamba, mitsempha yopepuka yokhazikika kapena yokhala ndi zotsekemera zimatuluka. Mtengo uliwonse wamtali 0,3-2 m ndi mulitali wa 0-0-0.8 m uli ndi petiole wandiweyani. Kutalika kwake kumayambira 50-90 cm.
Chaka chilichonse, ndipo ngakhale kangapo pachaka, nthawi zambiri masika ndi chilimwe, Strelitzia limamasula. Pa maluwa okhazikika, olimba, maluwa amatuluka omwe amawoneka ngati mbalame zachilendo. Chomera chimodzi chokha chimakhala ndi masamba asanu ndi awiri. Corolla iliyonse ndiyitali masentimita 10 mpaka 20, imakhala ndi zinthu 6: ma stipule atatu ofukula ndi ma petals atatu ofewa. Mu maluwa amodzi, achikasu achikasu a lalanje, abuluu, abuluu ndi ofiira amasakanikirana. Inflorescence imatha mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Maphwando odula a Strelitzia adzaimilira nkhokwe kwa milungu iwiri. Maluwa amapukutidwa ndi mbalame zazing'ono, motero, pachikhalidwe chake ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa mapangidwe.
Mitundu ya Strelitzia
Mu mtundu wa Strelitzia, pali mitundu 5 yokha, yotsiriza yomwe ikupezeka mchaka cha 2016 chokha.
Strelitzia yachifumu. Chomerachi chimakonda kwambiri alimi. Madera otsetsereka a South Africa, mitunduyi imakula mpaka 2 m kutalika. Masamba oblong omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira otalika pafupifupi 45c. Masambawo amasonkhana m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikukula pamtunda wamtali wa 70-90 cm. Duwa limakhala ndi miyala yamkati ya lalanje ndi buluu-violet wamkati. Kukula kwamaluwa ndi 15 cm.
Strelitzia phiri. Duwa limapezeka m'malo akumapiri. Chomera chimatenga mawonekedwe a mtengo ndikukula mpaka 10 m kutalika. Kuzungulira tsinde lamphamvu m'mizere iwiri ndi masamba akuluakulu. Maluwa akuluakulu amafanana ndi bwato loyera. Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 45.
Strelitzia Nicholas. Zomera zimakonda malo amapiri. Imakula mpaka 3 m kutalika. Masamba obowola onyansa amafanana ndi nkhokwe za nthochi. Pang'onopang'ono mbewuyo imapanga tsinde lofanana ndi mtengo wa mgwalangwa. Pedillcle ya axillary imakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu. Corolla ndiotalika masentimita 17. Muli mabulangeti obiriwira ofiira obiriwira, omwe pansi pake mumakhala zoyera zobiriwira zamkati ndi zamkati.
Strelitzia ndi bango. Chomera chosagwirizana ndi kuzizira komanso chilala cholimbana ndi chilala chimapezeka kumwera kwa South Africa. Ili ndi masamba akuluakulu obiriwira amtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira bwino ndi maluwa owala amtundu wa lalanje. Pakatikati pa pepala ndi 1.5-2 m.
Strelitzia yoyera (Augustus). Gawo lam'munsi la tsinde limapangidwa pang'onopang'ono, limasungidwa pansi pa tsamba lotambalala. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amatha kukula mpaka 1 mita. Ena mwa iwo ndi opangidwa ndi mtima. Axillary inflorescence ili pa peduncle. Pansi pa mabulangete ofiirira ndi miyala yoyera matalala.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Strelitzia imafalitsa ndi mbewu komanso kugawanika kwa nthangala. Mbewu zobzala zimataya kumera, ndiye ndibwino kufesa mbewu zatsopano. Popeza zipatso za m'nyumba Strelitzia ndizosowa, muyenera kulabadira chizindikirocho mukamagula. Asanabzale, nthangala zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi ofunda (35-40 ° C). Kenako konzani mabokosi ndi dothi (mchenga, peat, kompositi). Nthaka imakola ndi madzi otentha, kenako mbewu zimakanikizidwa. Uwaze pansi osafunikira. Mphamvu zokhazokha zimayikidwa ndikuwala kozungulira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya + 20 ... + 24 ° C. Bokosilo lidakutidwa ndi galasi, lomwe silimachotsedwa mpaka kutuluka. Nthambi zoyamba zimawonekera mkati mwa miyezi 1.5-6. Pogona amachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira theka la ola patsiku. Mbande imapakidwa madzi owiritsa pomwe pansi pakumira. Zomera zomwe zimabulidwa mosamala. Ndikofunikira kuti tisawononge mizu yayitali koma yophweka.
Chomera chachikulu kuposa zaka 5 chitha kugawidwa. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumapeto kwa maluwa. Pakudula, nthambuyo imatulutsidwa mosamala m'nthaka ndikuigawa m'magawo kapena njira zina zamtsogolo zinalekanitsidwa. Pagawo lililonse payenera kukhala gawo la mizu ndikuwombera kamodzi.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira Strelitzia kunyumba ndikulunjika. Ngakhale duwa limatchedwa lachifumu, liyenera kukula m'malo abwino kwambiri.
Kuwala Strelitzia amakonda nyali zowala. Imawonekera kumwera kapena kum'mawa zenera. M'nyengo yotentha, zoyerekeza zamkati zimasungunuka kuchokera ku dzuwa lamasana kapena zimapatsidwa mpweya wabwino. Zomera zimafunikira kutetezedwa ku kukonzekera.
Kutentha Strelitzia imakonda zinthu zabwino. M'nyengo yotentha, amamva bwino pa + 22 ... + 27 ° C, koma m'nyengo yozizira ndikofunikira kumusamutsa kuchipinda ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa + 14 ... + 15 ° C. Kuzizira pansipa + 12 ° C ndi zovulaza pamtengowo. Poika duwa panja, ndizotheka kupereka kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa Strelitzia.
Chinyezi. Chinyezi chachipinda cha Strelitzia chimakonda kuloledwa. Nthawi zina amalimbikitsa kuthira korona. Makamaka ngati nsonga za masamba ziyamba kuuma. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, duwa limatsukidwa kuchokera kufumbi pansi pofunda.
Kuthirira. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, Strelitzia imafunikira kuthirira yambiri. Ndikofunika kumwa madzi owiritsa kapena oyeretsedwa bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma dothi limayenera kuwuma 1 cm kuchokera pamwamba. Kuti madzi asasunthike, potoyo amachotsamo kanthu pambuyo kuthirira.
Feteleza. Manyowa Strelitzia mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Kawiri pa sabata, kuthira mchere kumera wamaluwa kumayikidwa panthaka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achilengedwe kangapo pachaka.
Thirani Strelitzia imasinthidwa zaka 1-3 zilizonse. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu April. Duwa limakonda maluwa ndi timachubu tambiri. Mu chidebe cholimba, maluwa samachitika kawirikawiri. Miphika iyenera kukhala yakuzama, koma osati yotambalala. Pansi pali lalikulu wosanjikiza ngalande. Dothi la chomera liyenera kukhala ndi mchenga, tsamba ndi ma turf nthaka komanso humus.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Chomera chimatha kukaniza matenda a maluwa. Pokhapokha poterera komanso kusungunuka kwamadzi mumphika komwe kumayamba kudwala matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Spider mite, scutellum ndi mealybug amakhala pachikongoleko nyengo yotentha, youma. Kumwaza masamba ndi madzi wamba ndikupewa wabwino kupewa matenda. Ngati tizilombo tavulala kale, mbewuyo imatsukidwa ndi madzi osambitsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo.
Momwe mungakwaniritsire maluwa
Strelitzia wazaka zopitilira zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi amatulutsa pafupipafupi, ngakhale kangapo pamnyengo. Kuti muwone maluwa a mbalame ya paradiso, muyenera kubzala mbewuyo mumphika wambiri komanso kuti muzikhala nthawi yabwino. Kwa milungu 2-3, mmera umasungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 12 ... + 14 ° C, kenako ndikuwutentha. Pambuyo pa miyezi 3-5, maluwa oyamba adzawoneka. Kuzizira kumatha kuperekedwa osati nthawi yozizira. Ngati mupeza malo abwino m'chilimwe, Strelitzia idzatsegula maluwa Chaka Chatsopano. Komanso, maluwa, kuyatsa kowala ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikofunikira.
