Zipatso zam'mimba ndizochokera ku banja la Aizoids. Zitsulo zopangidwa ndi timapepala timene timadzikongoletsera pansi, mosakayikira, zimatha kukongoletsa nyumba iliyonse ya nyumba, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Izi makamaka zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kutchuka kwa chomera chodabwitsa ichi ndi anthu ambirimbiri amene akufuna kukula maluwa, ngati mwala, kunyumba.
Mukudziwa? Kutembenuzidwa kuchokera ku liwu lachigriki lakuti "Lithops" limamasuliridwa ngati "lofanana ndi mwala" ("ngati mwala"), lomwe limatanthauzira kwathunthu chofunika ndi mawonekedwe a chomeracho.
Momwe mungasankhire Lithops pamene mugula
Asanapite ku sitolo yapadera ku chomera chonchi, ndibwino kuti mudziwe zomwe Lithops ali nazo ndi mtundu wake. Chifukwa chake chiri chosavuta: kugwiritsa ntchito kusadziŵa kwa anthu, ogulitsa osayenerera nthawi zambiri amapereka caciti wamba wamba wa ziphuphu.
Mukamagula, muyenera kufufuza bwinobwino mbeu yonseyo kuti mukhale ndi mawanga, maonekedwe a nkhungu ndi zowola, komanso kusokoneza makina. Ngakhalenso mapepala ang'onoang'ono ndi zong'onong'ono m'tsogolomu zingakhale zowononga, choncho ndibwino kuti musagule Zithops ndi zolakwika zomwezo.
Mlingo wa chitukuko cha mizu ikufunikanso kufufuzidwa musanagule. Mwamwayi, ndi zophweka kuti muchite izi - muyenera kusuntha chomeracho ndikuwunika momwe mphukirazo ziliri pamwamba. Ayenera kukhala amphamvu ndikuchoka kutali ndi masamba osachepera 2-3 masentimita m'mizere (kwa mphukira zazing'ono).
Ndifunikanso kugwiritsira ntchito masamba a Lithops mosavuta. Maonekedwe ake ochepetsedwa akuwonetsa chiyambi cha kuvunda, ndiko kuti, kuphwanya kwathunthu zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Kugula "miyala yofalikira" yoteroyo iyenera kupeŵa.
Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zomwe zimapangidwira kukula kwa ziphuphu m'nyumba?
Malinga ndi ndemanga za akatswiri ndi odziwa maluwa odziwa maluwa, Lithops ndi odzichepetsa, komabe, monga chomera chilichonse cha nyumba, ndikofunikira kupanga zolinga zabwino kuti "kuphulika kwamoyo". Kuti izi zitheke, m'pofunika kuyika bwino mphika ndi chomera, kuti ukhale ndi kuwala ndi kutentha.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera kunyumba kwa "mwala wamoyo" ndicho malo ndi kuunikira. Kumtchire, mapulogalamu amamera pokha pamalo otentha, choncho chomeracho chiyenera kulandira kuwala kokwanira panyumba. Pakuti "miyala yofalikira" imayenera bwino malo omwe nyumbayi imakhala mkati mwa maola atatu kapena anai pa tsiku.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuika mphika ndi Lithops kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo kwa mawindo m'nyumba, komanso pafupi ndi magalasi (kuti dzuwa lisagwedezeke). M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kuunika kwachilengedwe kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, ziyenera kubwezeredwa poika pa "miyala yamoyo" kuyatsa magetsi. Monga lamulo, nyali za fulorosenti zimayenera bwino. Kutalika kwa kukonza kwawo kumachokera ku masentimita 10 mpaka 15 (malingana ndi mphamvu ya nyali ndi kukula kwa lithops).
Mukudziwa? Amisiri amakono ndi okonda zomera izi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira yaunikira. Pachifukwachi, mphika wokhala ndi lithops imayikidwa pansi pa nyali ya fulorosenti, ndipo iyenso imagwirizanitsidwa ndi olamulira olamulira. - Zimatembenukira pa nyali masana ndikuzitembenuza usiku. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kulima kulima.
Mavuto otentha
Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, chomera chodabwitsa ichi chiri bwino kwambiri. kulekerera nyengo youmam'malo mozizira. Komanso, Lithops amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa chipsinjo cha m'mlengalenga.
Mu nyengo yachisanu-chirimwe, pamene mizu ya "miyala yamoyo" ikukula, kutentha kwa kusamalira kwawo kumakhala mosiyana mkati mwa 20 ... +25 ° С. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yozizira isanachitike, mphika wokhala ndi mapulogalamu ayenera kusungidwa pa 12+ +15 ° С.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chomera chachikulu, ngati mphukira zazing'ono, chimakonda madontho otentha, choncho m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndibwino kusintha kutentha kwa zomwe zili kuyambira +25 ° C masana mpaka 15 ° C usiku. Kuti muchite izi, sungani mtsuko kuchokera pawindo mpaka pansi. M'nyengo yozizira komanso panthawi yopuma, njira zotere sizikufunika.
Mukudziwa? Dziko la South Africa likuwonongeka kwambiri: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa. Mkhalidwe wa madera amenewa ndi owopsa komanso wosasangalatsa, popeza kuti kutaya kwa moyo kulikonse kumapangitsa kuti chinyezi chikhale chowonjezeka chifukwa chakuti mvula iliyonse imatha kutentha, ndipo kutentha kumafikira + 50 ° C. Mkhalidwe wotere ndi wabwino kwambiri pa kukula kwa Lithops kumalo otentha. Komabe, kuti kulima kwapakhomo kumayenera kukhalitsidwa kochepetsetsa, zikhalidwe zabwino.
Mmene mungasamalire "mwala wamoyo" panyumba
Kuphatikiza ndi maonekedwe osadabwitsa a "mwala wamoyo", anthu ambiri amakopeka ndi kudzichepetsa kwake, komanso kuti ngakhale pakhomo mungathe kukula bwino, zomwe zimasamalidwa bwino mpaka nthawi yokwanira komanso yokwanira, kuthira bwino mphika ndi chomera choyenera. miyala yofalikira. "
Kuthirira
Ngakhale kuti ziphuphu zimatha kusintha mosavuta zinyontho, zimachokera ku malo osungiramo masamba, kumwa madzi okwanira komanso madzi osasinthasintha, monga lamulo, mwamsanga kumatsogolera kuwonongeka, kufooketsa ndi kuvunda kwa mizu. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa bwino momwe mungamwetsere.
Mitengo ya succulent imaphatikizaponso cacti, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi Lithops mu zolembazo. Kwa cacti kuoneka wokongola, amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera, chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Choncho, kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ziphuphu zimafuna kuthirira masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-10). Ndikofunika kumvetsera mkhalidwe wa chomera - ngati chinyontho cholowa sichikwanira, ndiye masana masamba adzagwa. Ngati zochitika zoterezo, nthawi zambiri kuthirira madzi ayenera kuwonjezeka.
Pa masiku otentha kwambiri ndi owuma, kusamalira "miyala yamoyo" iyenera kusintha: kuwonjezera pa waukulu ulimi wothirira, madzulo aliwonse masamba a Lithops ayenera kuwaza madzi ofunda. Pa nthawiyi, pamene chomera chikukonzekera kusintha masamba kapena mapangidwe a masamba, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthirira. Pamodzi ndi ulimi wothirira panthawiyi mukhoza kupanga feteleza ena, ndikuwafalitsa m'madzi.
Poyamba nyengo yochepa, yomwe imagwa m'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuyimitsidwa. Ndikofunika kuubwezeretsa mu February, ndipo nthawi zonse kuthirira madzi akuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Choncho, ndizokwanira kuthira nthaka mu mphika ndi sprayer milungu iwiri iliyonse. Nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira uyenera kuwonjezeka kokha ngati kutsegula pakati pa masamba a "miyala yamoyo" kuchedwa.
Pothirira madzi, imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti musamangogwiritsa ntchito chinyezi mwachinyezi m'mapangidwe a masamba, ndipo musachoke pambali pa "rock rock". Izi zingayambitse kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi minofu yowola.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse, ndiloledwa kamodzi pa miyezi 1-2 kuti muthe kutsanulira chomera chomera kwambiri, kutsanzira nyengo ya mvula. Kawirikawiri, zimakhudza chitukuko cha mizu.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuthirira ndikokukonzekera osati kokha kokha kamene kamakhala kovuta kunyumba, komanso maonekedwe ake. Choncho, ndi madzi ochulukirapo, amasonkhanitsa m'magulu akale, omwe amatha kutayika, omwe amachititsa kuti asafe, zomwe zimaipitsa maonekedwe a "miyala".
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Mapuloteni, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chomwe chiri chophweka ndi cholunjika, sichifuna zinthu zapadera zokhudzana ndi chinyezi. Izi zimathetsa kufunika koonjezera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Komanso, chomera chodabwitsachi chimalekerera mosavuta kukhala muzipinda zam'mwamba ndi mpweya wouma.
Mpweya watsopano ndi wokhazikika, choncho nthawi zambiri kumangoyendayenda mu chipinda chomwe muli mphika wokhala ndi lithops ndilofunikira.
Ndikofunikira! Mapuloteni pazitsamba zonse za kulima zimakhala zovuta kuti nthawi zonse aziwombera m'chipinda. Komabe, pamodzi ndi izi, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti chidebe ndi chomeracho sichikulembera, chifukwa izi zingakhale zovuta kwa izo.
Kupaka pamwamba
"Miyala-maluwa" ikhoza kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza iliyonse yomwe ilipo chifukwa cha cacti. Komabe, sayenera kuchitiridwa nkhanza, chifukwa mizu ya mbewu imatenga mbali zomwe zimayambitsidwa m'malo mopitirira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kupitirira kwake mu nthaka kungathe kuwononga lithops. Choncho, pakudyetsa izo zikulimbikitsidwa kupanga hafu ya mlingo womwe umaperekedwa pa phukusi.
Kupaka zovala zapamwamba, monga lamulo, kumathandiza kupulumutsa zomera ku imfa, pamene masamba ayamba kufota ndi kutayika mawonekedwe awo kapena chomera chimayambitsidwa ndi majeremusi. Kukonzanso kachiwiri kungapangidwe osati kale kuposa mwezi.
Sikofunika kupanga zovala zapamwamba popanda kusowa kofunikira. Chokhachokha ndi pamene chomera chimakula pamalo amodzi popanda kuika kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri - pakali pano, kuvala pamwamba kumalimbikitsa ndi kudzaza ndi mchere.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mu nthawi yochepa
Chaka chonse, Lithops amatha kukhala ndi mtendere kawiri. Yoyamba imabwera pakusintha kwa masamba, pamene njira zonse zofunikira za mmunda zimachepa kwambiri, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kukula kwa masamba atsopano.
Yachiwiri imayenderana ndi kuchepa kwa maluwa, popeza Lithops amanganso ndikukonzanso kayendedwe ka mphamvu. Nthawi yotsalayo, monga lamulo, masabata 2-3 akupitirira. Panthawiyi, zomera zimasowa chisamaliro chapadera.
Choyamba, nthawiyi mwachidule ndiletsedwa feed lithops, kuthirira imathandizanso. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuchepa kwa njira zofunika kwambiri kumakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yowonongeka ya mizu.
Poganizira chinthu ichi ndi madzi owonjezera akuyang'ana pa mizu ya zomera ndikuyamba kuwawononga, kuchititsa kuti Lithops afe. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuika panthawiyi mphika ndi "miyala yamoyo" mumdima, wouma ndi mpweya wambiri, koma movomerezeka wotetezedwa ku malo osungira.
Kuika mapiritsi: kusankha mphika ndi nthaka
Kuwombera kumayenera kuchitika kokha ngati mizu ya zomera siigwirizane ndi mphika wa mphika ndipo, motero, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kukula kwa lithops kumayambira.
Musanayambe kuika Lithops, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mkhalidwe wawo, popeza izi zikutanthauza ngati chomeracho chidzachotsa zoterezi. Izi ziyenera kukhala zazitsulo ndi zomangira, ndipo mtundu uyenera kukhala wabwinobwino.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti nthaka ya Lithops pa malo atsopano otsetsereka siwopangidwa mosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe inayambira poyamba. Izi zimakhala chifukwa cha zofooka zomwe zimapangitsa zomera kuti zikhale zatsopano.
Kubwezeretsa "miyala yamaluwa" ndibwino kwambiri pamiphika ndi lalikulu mwake, koma kutalika kwake. Kwa Lithops, mbiya ndi yabwino kwambiri. Kuwotchera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi mabanja onse (gulu la zomera), popeza chomera chimodzi chimafookera ndipo, monga lamulo, sichimasintha.
Kubzala gawo lapansi pobzala Lithops kumalo atsopano ayenera kukhala ndi zigawo zambiri, koma mulibe mchere ndi zakudya zowonjezera. Njira yabwino ndiyo kudzikonzekera kwa gawo lapansi. Choncho, gawo limodzi la soddy humus awonjeze 1 gawo la peat (kapena dongo), 1.5 mbali ya mchenga wa quartz ndi gawo lalikulu ndi magawo awiri a zidutswa za njerwa (zosaposa 2 mm). Kukhalapo kwa miyala yamatope m'nthaka sikuvomerezeka.
Pansi pa mphika pazomwe zili pamwamba pake ayenera kumangidwa mwamphamvu ndi miyala kuti atsimikizire kutuluka kwa madzi ochulukirapo ndi mpweya wotsekemera, ndipo mutatha kuika pamwamba pazitsulo muyenera kuphimbidwa ndi miyala ya miyala kapena miyala kuti mutenge malo achilengedwe a Lithops.
Mukudziwa? Pogwiritsa ntchito kulima kwanu, mizu yake imachepetsa mofulumira chiwerengero cha kukula mwa kuchepetsa kukula kwa mphika. Mchitidwe weniweni, mizu ya lithops ikhoza kuchoka pa zomera mpaka mamita kutali. Choncho, podzala duwa m'phika lalikulu, mukhoza kukula chomera chachikulu.
Maluwa "miyala yamoyo"
Mphuno, yomwe imafalikira koyamba m'chaka chachitatu mutabzalidwa kapena kubzala, nthawi zambiri imakhala pachimake. Komanso, poyamba zitsanzo zina kuchokera ku banja la zomera zimakula, ndipo pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono zimagwirizanitsa ntchitoyi ndi chaka chotsatira. Ndizodabwitsa kuti Choyamba pachimake sizingakhale wamkulu komanso wamkulu banja. 
"Miyala yamoyo" kumasula maluwa oyera kapena achikasu okongola kwambiri pakati pa masamba. Kukula kwake kumatha kupitirira kukula kwa pepala la tsamba ndipo, monga lamulo, limafikira 3-4 masentimita awiri.
Pansi pa zochitika zachilengedwe, monga momwe zimakhalira zokonzanso nyumba, maluwa amatha masiku 10-15. Pankhaniyi, duwa limangodziwika masana, ndipo pakutha kwa usiku imatseka pamakhala. M'pofunika kudziwa kuti pansi pa mphamvu ya dzuwa lotentha maluwa angasinthe mtundu wake: kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku pinki ndi chikasu chofiira.
Mitengo yambiri yosangalatsa imakhala ndi mankhwala: aloe, jade, agave.
Kulimbana ndi matenda otheka ndi tizirombo
Mapuloteni (miyala yamoyo) chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana akhoza kupezeka ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Kawirikawiri pali vuto pamene Lithops amavulaza, choyenera kuchita chiyani? Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuukira kwa akangaude. Zimayambitsa zomera zomwe zili m'dera lopanda mpweya komanso malo oipitsidwa. Mwamwayi, ndi zophweka kwambiri kuchotsa nkhupakupa.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera chisakanizo chokhazikika pa gawo limodzi la sopo, 0,2 mbali ya mowa, 0,2 gawo la madzi ndi 0,2 wotsuka zovala. Zomwe zimayambitsa slurry ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa masamba a Lithops ndipo pambuyo pa 10-15 mphindi, pukutani ndi nsalu yofewa. Monga lamulo, njira ziwiri kapena zitatu zili zokwanira.
Wokonda zokoma ndizu wofiira, womwe umachititsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yochepa nthawi, pamene "miyala yamoyo" ili pachiopsezo kwambiri. Pofuna kutetezedwa ku zowonongeka, ndi bwino kuti mankhwalawa asamalidwe bwino ndi mapulani a Dantup ndi Mospilan (nthawi zina) asanagwire.
Ndikofunikira! Monga lamulo, matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakhudza ma thotho pamene kusamalidwa sikugwirizana ndi zofunikira. Kuti chomeracho chikhale ndi mphamvu, chitatha chithandizo, chilimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti ikani mphika ndi ziphuphu mu malo omwe amafunika kutentha.
Kukula Zilonda za Mbewu
Zipatso zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku mbewu zingakhale zophweka, Chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kungotsatira malangizo ndi malangizo.
Kufesa bwino ndikochitika mchaka cha March, gawo lodzala lala likuyenera kukhala losauka muzitsulo zamchere, koma zimakhala ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zamatabwa: njerwa yamatabwa, turfy kapena masamba, mchenga wa quartz, peat kapena dongo. Iyenso iyenera kugonjetsa mchenga ndi njerwa, ndipo zigawo zina zimatengedwa mu magawo ofanana.
Pambuyo pokonzekera gawolo, liwotchera (kuthira madzi otentha), sakanizani bwino ndikumasula. Pamene agona mu mphika, choyamba, kuchokera ku miyala yaling'ono kapena mwala wamtengo wapatali, makina a ngalande amapangidwanso, ndipo pambuyo pake gawo lapansi liikidwa mmenemo.
Mwamsanga musanadzalemo, mbewu ziyenera kulowetsedwa m'madzi kwa maola 6-8. Panthawiyi, mbewuyi imadzaza ndi chinyezi ndipo imatsegula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha mbeu chikule. Bzalani mbeu zikuyenera kuthira, popanda kuyanika.
Mapuloteni, omwe amabala zipatso omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuwombera, Onetsani kumera kochepa.
Mankhwalawa amafunika kufesedwa pamwamba, osati kukonkha komanso kusasakaniza mbewu. Pambuyo pake, chidebecho ndi mbande chimakhala chophimbidwa ndi galasi kapena munda wa filimu ndikuyika malo otentha, okonzedwa bwino, motero kupanga malo otentha omwe ali pafupi ndi chilengedwe cha "miyala yofalikira".
Pambuyo pake, kupambana kwa kukula ndi kukhazikitsa ana a Lithops kunyumba kumadalira kwathunthu pa kulondola kwa chisamaliro.
Chofunika kwambiri kwa mbande kutentha. Choncho, kutentha kwa + 25 ... +30 ° С, kofunika kuti lithops zikhale masana, ziyenera kusandulika usiku ndizitali ndi zocheperapo - + 15 ... +18 ° Pa nthawi yomweyo, chidebe chiyenera kutsegulidwa kwa mphindi zisanu ndi zisanu.
Ndikofunika kuti mudye nthaka ndi mbande pokhapokha mutayanika kokha pogwiritsa ntchito botolo la kutsitsi popeza ndege yowonongeka idzaphimba "mbeu" zomwe zidzakuchepetsere kukula.
Kuyamera mbewu ndi kuyamba koyamba kwa mphukira kuyembekezera kale masiku 7-10 mutabzala.
Pamene kutuluka kwa mphukira kuyenera kuwonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi ya mpweya wabwino (4-5 pa tsiku kwa mphindi 10-15). Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, muyenera kutsimikiza kuti chidebecho chiri ndi ziphuphu sizikuyimira.Kutentha kwa nyengo kuti pakhale "miyala yamoyo" ayenera kusungidwa, koma kuti asalole kutenthedwa kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha pamwamba pa +40 ° C. Komanso mapuloteni amafunika kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.
Pamene kukula kwa mbande za "miyala yofalikira" kufika pa 1 masentimita mu msinkhu, pamwamba pa nthaka yobzala ayenera kukhala mosakanikizidwa ndi miyala yochepa. Panthawiyi, ndizovomerezeka kuti prophylaxis iwononge nthaka ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate kutetezera chomera ku moss ndi nkhungu.
Ngakhale kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa kukula kwa mitengo ya Lithops, pokhala ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha panyumba komanso kulenga zofunikira, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mutabzala, chomera chimayamba kusintha masamba. Panthawi imeneyi, nkofunika kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kuthirira, zomwe zingabwezeretsedwe kokha akafa masamba akale.
Nthawi yoyamba kubzala "miyala yamaluwa" ndi yofunika osati kale kuposa chaka chimodzi mutabzala. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti nthaka ikhale pamalo atsopano, osati yosiyana ndi yomwe mbewuyo idali poyamba, ndipo mphikawo unali wokwanira kukula kwa mizu. Ndi bwino kupulumuka mabanja a Lithops, chifukwa pakadali pano amayamba mofulumira komanso pachimake bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Mzu wa mbewuyo umakhala wotetezeka kwambiri ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana zolakwika Choncho, kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa mizu yaying'ono kapena yayikulu ikhoza kuvulaza ziphuphu. Pakusamalidwa ndi kusindikizidwa kumalimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsatira mizu ndi mantha komanso zolondola.
Lithops ndi chomera choopsa kwambiri chomwe chimakula kwambiri panyumba, monga momwe zimakhalira m'nyumba zamaluwa. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amasankha kukula ndi mapiritsi amafotokozedwa mosavuta ndi chiyambi cha zomera ndi maonekedwe ake.
Ndi zophweka kuti apange malo abwino a zomera - zonse zomwe zimafunikira ndikuyika bwino mphika ndi "miyala yowonongeka" ndikuonetsetsa kuti mukusamalira bwino (kumwa madzi ndi feteleza). Zochita zosavuta zimenezi zidzathandiza okonda kukongola mofulumira ndikukula mosavuta kunyumba.
