Mlendo wochokera ku America kapena Blueberry

Blueberries akhoza kukhala wamkulu m'munda wawo. Mwachitsanzo, zosiyanasiyana Blucrop - zitsamba zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatso zambiri. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za mitundu yokhayo komanso za zomwe amalimidwa.

Mbiri yakale ya Blucrop yosiyanasiyana

Kuyambira mu 1908, a Frederick Vernon Covill akhala akufufuza zamtchire ku New Jersey USA posankha. Adatsala pang'ono kuyamba kugwira ntchito pakusankha chomera ichi. Elizabeth White adadziwa za ntchito yake. Mu 1910, adathandizira wasayansiyo ndikupereka famu yake, komwe adalima cranberry, ngati malo ophunzitsira. Kuyambira 1911, Dr. Covill ndi Mayi White akhala akugwira ntchito yolemba mitundu ya mabulosi abulu. Ntchitozo zidovekedwa korona bwino - mitundu 15 idakonzedwa kuti idalitsidwe ndikuyesedwa. Mu 1915-1916, mwa ena, mitundu yayitali yamtundu wa Blucrop idawonekera.

Blekrop adafika kudera la USSR mkati mwa zaka twente. Ndizotchuka kwambiri ku Russia, Ukraine ndi Belarus. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina yayitali pokhalira zipatso zambiri ndi zipatso zazikulu.

Maluwa amatha kusintha nyengo zosiyanasiyana popanda kutaya kwambiri matenda. Wosasamala kwenikweni ndi acidity yodula komanso kuvala kwapamwamba, Blucrop adakhala wotchuka pakati wamaluwa amateur komanso minda yamalonda.

Kufotokozera kwa kalasi

Zomera zimafikira mamita awiri kutalika.

Masamba a Blueberry a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Blucrop ali ndi mitundu yobiriwira yakuda, owumbika. Udzu umapatsa tchire mawonekedwe okongola, makamaka m'dzinja.

Tchire limafuna kudulira nthawi zonse, kusakhalapo komwe kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa zokolola.

Zomera zimayamba kubala zipatso zaka 3-4. Zipatso zake ndi zobiriwira zakuda, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, zazikulu, zimakhala ndi maluwa owala amtambo. Fikirani masentimita 1.7-2. Kulemera - pafupifupi 2 g.

Kusintha mtundu, mawonekedwe ndi mulifupi wa zipatso ndi masamba zikuwonetsa kuti mbewuyo ndi yoyipa. Kusintha kwina ndi chizindikiro cha matenda.

Zipatso zimapindika masango ataliatali, zipsa mu Ogasiti. Masiku okucha awa ndi othandizira mbali ya ku Europe ya Russia. M'madera ena kupatula nyengo, nyengo zingasinthidwe.

Mabasi omwe adasanjidwa ndi zipatso - mwayi wotsimikiza wa Blueberry Blueberry

Ubwino wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi monga:

• zokolola zambiri (6-9 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse);
• kukana chisanu (mpaka-34ºº);
• kukana matenda.

Zoyipa:

• kuchuluka kwazadzidzidzi tchire ndi zipatso;
• nthawi yayitali yopanga zipatso, zikulemetsa kugulitsa zipatso zochuluka.

Kanema: Blueberry ndi Blueberry

Ukadaulo waulimi

Zokolola zamtundu wa mabulosi zimatengera kwathunthu kulondola kwa malo obzala osankhidwa.

Kwa zitsamba zamtunduwu, kuwala ndikofunikira. Mumthunzi wocheperako, mbewuyo imatha kumera, koma osabala zipatso zambiri. Pobzala zitsamba zobzala, muyenera kuchotsa zitsamba zam'mlengalenga zomwe zimabisala. Mbewu zomwezo zimatha kubisanitsa wina ndi mnzake akamakula. Mlingo woyenera wotsimikizika ndi 2,5 m ndi 1.5 m.

Dothi liyenera kukhala acidic (pH = 3.5-5.0). Ngati dothi lomwe lili pamalowo silili acidic mokwanira, sankhani malo omwe kuli dzuwa ndi madzi ambiri, alandireni ndi malic acid kapena wothandizila wina wosaloledwa.

Mita ya pH ya nthaka, yomwe ingagulidwe pamtengo wotsika mtengo, ingathandize poyeza acidity.

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, mabuliberiya amakula m'malo onyowa, chifukwa mukabzala, kuchuluka kwa madzi akumunsi kuyenera kukumbukiridwa. Kwa Blucrop yosiyanasiyana, kupezeka kwapafupi kwambiri kwa pansi panthaka (pafupifupi 60 cm) ndikoyenera. Ngati izi sizingatheke, chitsamba chidzafunikira kuthiriridwa, makamaka munyengo yotentha. Mabulosi samalekerera chinyezi.

Ma Blueberries amakula bwino m'malo mwa mbewu zomwe zimafuna kuvala laimu. Mwachitsanzo, sitiroberi, kaloti, adyo ndi zina.

Zowongolera

Pogula m malo ogulitsira, ndikofunikira kusankha mbande za zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu ndikukula kwa 30-30 cm, yokhala ndi mizu yopangidwa bwino.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala masamba obiriwira nthawi yachilimwe pa kutentha kwa 17 ° C, koma kubzala yophukira kumaloledwa mu September, kotero kuti mbewuyo imazika mizu isanayambe chisanu woyamba.

Zomera Zodzala:

1. Kumbani dzenje 50 cm ndikuzama mita.
2. Pansi, dzazani madziwo pogwiritsa ntchito miyala ing'onoing'ono kapena njerwa yosweka.
3. Pangani gawo lapansi: chisakanizo cha asidi peat, chernozem ndi mchenga. Ngati nthaka ili ndi makina, sulufu ndi singano zimatha kuwonjezeredwa.
4. Thirani gawo la gawo lapansi pamalopo.
5. Chotsani mmera mu chidebe ndi dothi lapansi, ndikuwongola mizu, ndikutsitsa kudzenje.
6. Onjezerani nthaka yotsalira kuti nthaka ikazule tsinde ndi 3 cm.
7. Malizani kubzala mwa mulching nthaka ndi utuchi.

Kutsirira koyamba kumachitika bwino ndi madzi osakaniza ndi viniga (kwa malita 10 a madzi 100 g a viniga). Mukangobzala, ndikofunikira kudyetsa ma buliberries ndi feteleza wovuta kawiri.

Mmera umalowetsedwa m'dzenjemo, kuti udzu udzu

Chisamaliro

Ma Blueberries sakhala a chomera chomera, motero kumusamalira ndikosavuta. Zitsamba zofunika:

• Kutsirira pafupipafupi. Ndikofunika kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka madzi, kupewa kukokoloka kwamadzi ku mizu ndikuuma kuchokera panthaka.
• Kubzala mbande. Pazomera zazing'ono zazing'ono, namsongole zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa chitsamba.
• Kumasulira dothi. Nthaka imamumasulidwa ndikuya kosaposa 10 cm, popeza mizu ya buliberries ndi 20 cm kuchokera pansi.
• Zowonjezera pafupipafupi za mulch. Dothi lozungulira thunthulo limayikika ndi chosakaniza chokhala ndi singano, peat kapena utuchi.
• Kudulira. Zaka zitatu zoyambirira kudula mphukira zotsitsa kuti tifulumizire kukula. Kwa zaka 4, amayamba kudulira mwaukhondo, apo ayi zipatsozo zimayamba kukula pang'ono ndipo zimatha kuzimiririka.
• Ntchito feteleza. Kumayambiriro kasupe, zitsamba zimapatsidwa feteleza wokonzedwa wopangidwa ndi heather.

Multing mabuliberiwa ndi utuchi umathandizira kuti chinyontho chikhalebe m'nthaka

Matenda

Matenda ofala kwambiri:

• Khansa yokhala ndi bakiteriya yoopsa imakhala yowopsa kwambiri zitsamba zachichepere, chifukwa imachedwetsa madzi ndi michere. Matendawa amatuluka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Ntchito za kukula ndi zipatso zimachepetsedwa, zokolola zimachepa. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimadziwika ndi mapangidwe otupa akulu pakhosi. Chitsamba choyambukiracho chikuyenera kuchotsedwa.
• Gray zowola zimafalikira pamtunda wambiri komanso kutentha kwa mpweya. Zimayambira ndi masamba zimakhudzidwa, koma zipatso zake ndizovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, madontho achikasu amawoneka, omwe amakula msanga ndipo zipatso zimayamba kuvundikira, kuphimbidwa ndi imvi. Gray zowola zimafalikira kuzomera zonse. Kuteteza motsutsana ndi matendawa, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Euparen, Signum, Tersel, Sinthani, Rovral, Topsin, Polyversum.
• Powdery mildew imayamba nyengo yowuma, yotentha yokhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. Matendawa amakhudza masamba, mphukira ndi zipatso. Nthambi za mbewuzo zimaphwa, chifukwa chake chitsamba chimafooka ndipo kuuma kwake kwa dzinja kumachepa. Kuti muteteze, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito: yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate (3-5%), Sulfaride, Topaz, Bayleton.

Zithunzi Zojambula: Matenda a Bluecrop Blueberry

Kuswana

Njira ziwiri zofalitsira mabulogu ndizodziwika bwino:

1. Kuyika. Chapakatikati timasankha nthambi pachitsamba, ndikuchigugugika pansi, ndikupanga peat ndi mchenga, kuwaza kapena kuphimba ndi filimu. Mukugwa, kugawa kumapereka mizu kale, ndipo kumapeto kumatha kupatulira chomera chachikulu ndi kuphukira komwe kumera.
2. Kudula. M'dzinja, timadula mphukira za chomera chomwe chimakula kale. Timapotoza nthambizo ndi kuziisungira pamalo abwino mpaka kumapeto. Kumapeto kwa Marichi, kudula mphukira kudula 20-25 masentimita kutalika ndi malo mu chidebe ndi gawo lapansi (chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga), kuphimba ndi kapu kapena kuyikamo wowonjezera kutentha. Madzi pafupipafupi. Ikani ma bulugamu panthaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pomwe mbande zimapanga mizu.

Kuti zikule bwino, buliberries wachichepere wochokera ku mbewu amafunika kupakidwa.

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Moni nonse! Ndakhala ndikukula kwa zaka 10 tsopano. Blucrop yomwe idagulidwa pachionetsero chamunda zaka zitatu, wogulitsa adanena kuti mabuliberiya amayamba kubereka zipatso mchaka chawo chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha moyo. Ndipo zidachitika. Zipatso zoyambirira zinali zochepa, ndipo tsopano ndizochulukirapo, ndakondwa kwambiri! Tchire limamera panthaka yachilengedwe ndipo ndinayikanso moss mozungulira - sphagnum m'malo mwa mulch, kotero kuti inali m'nkhalango.

Julia

//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=48&t=442&start=20

Ndili ndi mitunduyi yakukula (kapena yopulumuka). Chilimwe chachitatu chidzakhala. Mwamphamvu sichikula. Mmera udachokera ku Brusvyana wophukira masentimita 20. Mwina sindikuchita zonse bwino. Pobzala, idapezeka yotsika kwambiri malinga ndi nthaka. Pa upangiri wa alimi a nazale am'deralo, ndinangowonjezera kusakaniza. Sindinazindikire kuti akuvutika ndi kutentha.

Tatyana

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=13377

Bluecrop ndi mtsikana wanzeru komanso wokondedwa wanga. Sanamupange, iye mwiniyo anakula ndi korona wapamwamba kuposa ena onse. Ndipo, ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti kwa ine kuti nthambi zotsika ndizipatso zambiri ndizoluka, mitundu yotsalayo ndimayidula m'dzinja, chifukwa sibwino kusamalira tchire, ndipo chifukwa cha kulemera kwa zipatsozo nthambi zokhala mulch.

Anna

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=13377

Blueberry Bluecrop adafika ku Russia kuchokera ku dziko la New Jersey ndipo adazolowera kwathu chifukwa cha chisanu chodabwitsa. Wamaluwa amakonda mitundu iyi chifukwa cha zipatso zake zambiri. Zachidziwikire, mbewu iyi imafuna nthaka yachilendo ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Koma mabatani okoma ndi zipatso zazikulu ndiofunika.