Ma sea buckthorn, ngakhale ali ndi minga, amakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri olima dimba. Chimakula ndi chitsamba kapena mtengo wotsika ndipo mchaka chachitatu chimapereka zipatso za zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Tekinoloje ya kubzala, chikhalidwe ichi sichosiyana kwambiri ndi zina zonse. Komabe, pali zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe muyenera kuzisamalira musanagule mmera.
Sankhani malo, nthawi ndi mbande
Nyanja yokhala ngati chilombo kumthengo imamera m'mphepete mwa nyanja, malo osefukira am mitsinje, malo otsetsereka kumapiri mpaka 2100 m. Chikhalidwe ndicofalikira ku Siberia. Amabzalidwa kuti aphatikize nthaka yamchenga, malo otsetsereka, mitsinje. Ndipo zonse chifukwa chakuti nyanja yam'madzi imakhala ndi mizu yoyambira yomwe imakutira padziko lapansi, ndipo imapitirira mpaka korona wamtengowo. Kukula kopezeka pamtunda kungapezeke pakati pa mita ya 3-5. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi chomera chokongola: ngati mukufuna mbewu, muyenera kubzala zitsamba zosachepera ziwiri: chachimuna ndi chachikazi. Mukakonzekera tsamba la sea buckthorn, onetsetsani kuti mwalingalira izi.
Zoyala zam'madzi zakutchire nthawi zambiri zimamera pafupi ndi madzi ndi m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri.
Zipatso za sea sea buckthorn ndi zachilengedwe za multivitamin. Muli mavitamini ambiri: C, PP, B1, B2, K, E ndi carotene, ma organic acids: tartaric, oxalic, malic, komanso zinthu zina: manganese, boron, iron.
Mukadzala bwino
Nthawi yabwino yodzala ndi masika, masamba asanatseguke pa mmera. Ngakhale nyanja yokalamba imagwiranso ntchito bwino: nthawi yam'mphepete mwa chipale chofewa, mizu yake imawuma, mbali ya nthambi inauma. Kuphatikiza apo, chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala ndi nthawi yayifupi kwambiri yopumira, koyambirira koyamba chimasungunuka, chomwe chimagwera pansi kwambiri. Ndipo achichepere ndi achichepere amatha kupulumuka chifukwa chodzala nthawi yophukira. Afunika kusintha ndikazika mizu pamalowa. Kugwa kwakanthawi, izi ndizosatheka. Pali malingaliro oyenera kubzala nyanja yamadzulo panyengo yotentha, kusiya kubzala m'dzinja. Komabe, nthawi yachilimwe ndibwino kugula mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka, ndiye kuti, mwakula mumbale.
Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi
Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amangokumba mizu m'minda yawo ndikugawana nawo moolowa manja. Kuchokera pobzala izi, nthawi zambiri, mbalame yamtchire yolimba kwambiri imamera ndi zipatso zazing'ono komanso zowawasa. Cholinga chake ndikuti mitundu yobzalidwa imalumikizidwa kuthengo, muzu wawo umaphukira mobwereza, ndipo osati wofanana. Pogula mbande, izi zimafunanso kuganiziridwanso, ogulitsa osakhulupirika amayesetsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino mbewuzo kuti zikule bwino kwambiri.
Zambiri za kusankha kwa mbande zamadzi am'nyanja:
- Gulani mitundu yokhayokha yosinthidwa ndi nyengo yakwanuko.
- Pofunika mbande ziwiri: chachimuna ndi chachikazi, koma kawirikawiri mbande zazikazi 3-4 zimabzalidwa pa amuna amodzi.
- Amuna ndi akazi sangasiyanitsidwe musanalowe zipatso, ndiye kuti, maluwa atayamba kupanga. Chifukwa chake, gulani mbande zomwe zimadulidwa. Abwereza zomwe amayi ali ndi amayi awo, ndipo ali osiyanitsidwa kale ndi jenda.
- Mitundu yamphongo yamphongo ilibe kanthu, imangofunika kupukutira, sipakhalanso zipatso. Simungagule, koma tengani mphukira kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo kapena kuthengo.
Zomera zazikazi zazomera zam'nyanja, masamba ake ndi ochepa, omangidwa awiriawiri, amodzi ndi okulirapo, yokutidwa ndi mphodza zambiri
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbeu zazikulu ndi jenda ngati muli ndi oyimilira onse ndipo mutha kufananizira. Impso zazikazi ndizochepa komanso zowoneka bwino, zopangika pawiri, impso zamphongo ndizazikulu, zowuma, yokutidwa ndi mphodza. Maluwa samadziwika, masamba asanaphuke. Mwa akazi, mu mphuno za mphodza, ma pisitili ang'onoang'ono obiriwira amawonekera amodzi nthawi imodzi, osakonda kwambiri 2-3, ndipo mwa amuna - ofunda amtundu wofiirira omwe amatengedwa munthawi yochepa.
Ngati malowa ndi ochepa kapena mukufuna kubzala chitsamba chimodzi chokha cha nyanja yamchere, mutha kudzala phesi yachomera chachimuna pak korona wamkazi. Njira ina: maluwa, kudula nthambi ndi ma anthers m'munda wina kapena ku nyumba yamtchire ndikuyipachika mkati mwa korona wakunyanja kwanu.
Vidiyo: Momwe mungasiyanitsire chomera chachimuna chamadzi am'madzi chambiri ndi chachikazi
Ndipo chinthu china posankha mbande za buckthorn: pamizu yake pali zophukira kuzungulira - maina. Alimi osadziwa zambiri amawatenga kuti akhale chizindikiro cha matenda, kukana mbande kapena kudula ma form. Pakadali pano, timinofu tating'onoting'ono mobisa timachita gawo lofunikira; ndi thandizo lawo, nyanja yam'madzi yam'madzi imatulutsa chakudya chake - imatulutsa nayitrogeni m'mlengalenga. Zomera zazikulu, zomerazi zimafikira kukula kwa dzira la nkhuku. Malinga ndi zomwe owona m'munda wamaluwa, ngati mtengo utakula panthaka yachonde, ndiye kuti zophukazo ndizochepa, mwina sizingaoneke, komanso kwa osauka, mosiyana, zazikulu.
Kutupa pamizu yamadzi am'nyanja sikuti ndi matenda, koma kwachilengedwe
Malo osakira nyanja
Kusankha malo okhala ndi nyanja yam'madzi ndizosavuta.
- Bzalani m'dera lomwe simudzakumba, chifukwa mizu ya zipatso zam'nyanja imafalikira m'lifupi mpaka 5m kuchokera pamtengowo. Simungathe kuzikumba, kuzitambasulira kapena kuvulaza mwanjira ina.
- Malowa mumthunzi wa mipanda, nyumba ndi mitengo siabwino. Sea buckthorn amakonda madera otentha.
- Simuyenera kubzala zitsamba zam'madzi panjira komanso pafupi ndi malo omwe anthu amapitako pafupipafupi, mmera umakula kukhala chitsamba chaminga kapena chamitengo 3-5.
- Chomera chachimuna chimatha kukhala patali pa 50-100 m, ndiye kuti, ngakhale pamalo oyandikana nawo, koma pakati pake ndi chachikazi pasakhale zopinga zomwe zingatsekulidwe ndi mphepo mwanjira zanyumba, mipanda yayitali yamakutu, zotchingira malovu, ndi zina.
Koma ndikwabwino osadalira oyandikana ndikubzala mbande zachimuna ndi 2-3 pamtunda wa osachepera 2-2,5 m ndi mainchesi 50-100. Mutha kuwapangira kuti azigwirizana monga momwe mungakondere: mulitali, mraba, mzere umodzi. Pali chizolowezi chogwira pamakona osiyanasiyana amalo. Ngati m'dera lanu muli mphepo yamphamvu, mwachitsanzo, kumwera chakum'mawa, ndiye kuti mudzala chomera chachimuna kuchokera pamenepa, ndiye kuti mbali yodutsamo.
Njira zopangira
Kuti zinthu zikhale bwino panyanja, sikokwanira kungokumba bowo, muyenera kukumba malo onse omwe mudayikiratu ndi fosholo. Mizu yamafupa imafalikira pamtunda wapamwamba, ndikufunika kuthira manyowa. Chiwembu cha 2x2 ndi chokwanira kwa mmera wazaka ziwiri.Kubweretsa 1 m², ndikumwaza chidebe cha humus kapena kompositi, 40 g ya superphosphate ndi 20 g ya potaziyamu sulfate. Ngati dothi ndi acidic, onjezerani kapu ya dolomite ufa.
Magawo Aakulu:
- Pamalo omwe mwakonzekera, ikani dzenje 40 cm kuya ndi 50 cm.
Dzenje lokwera liyenera kukhala lalikulu 40 cm ndi 50 cm
- Pansi, ndi wosanjikiza 10 cm, kutsanulira ngalande kuchokera ku njerwa zosweka, miyala kapena miyala.
Malo okumba ngalawa mu dzenje ayenera kukhala 10 cm
- Pamwamba pa ngalande, pakatikati pa dzenje, pangani mulu kuchokera pansi, wotulutsidwa ndi kukumba. Ngati dothi ndi dongo lolemera, lisakanizani ndi mchenga wam'mphepete ndi peat muyezo wa 1: 1: 1.
Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze dzenje losakumbidwapo lapansi, koma osakaniza ndi peat ndi mchenga wamtsinje
- Lowetsani msomali pakati pa khola, lomwe limakhala chothandizira pa mmera.
- Ikani mmera kum'mwera kwa msomali, pamwamba pa bwalolo, ndi kufalitsa mizu m'mphepete mwake. Poterepa, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pamlingo wapadziko lapansi patsamba lanu. Mutha kuyika njanji pamalopo, ndipo idzakhala ngati mulingo.
Khosi la mmera liyenera kukhala pansi
- Dzazani dzenje ndi dothi, pang'onopang'ono ndikusungira mmera nthawi zonse momwe mungafunire.
- Pangani dzenje lakuthirira.
Njira imodzi yothirira madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito dzenje
- Mangirirani chopondera pachikhotho ndi chiuno chaulere, madzi ndi mulch.
Mmera umafunikira kuphatikiza ndi msomali
Kanema: Kubzala sea buckthorn kasupe
Ngati mukufuna kupatsirana
Ngati pali chifukwa chofunikira chothanirana ndimadziwe ndikuyenda kwina, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muchitenso izi mchaka, ndipo mtengo ukadali wochepa - wazaka 2-3. Mtengo wa zipatso wachikulire suzika mizu, chifukwa ndizosatheka kukumba mizu yake yonse kufalikira pamalowo. Mu nyanja yopanda mizu, yopanda chonde, ndibwino kutenga mphukira ndikuyiika.
- Pukutsani pang'ono chomera chomera.
- Ndi manja anu, yambitsani pansi kuti mudziwe momwe mizu imapangidwira ndikuwazindikira kuchokera kwa iwo omwe anali mayi wamkulu, kuchokera mumtengowo.
- Dulani muzu waukulu mtunda wa 20-30 cm kuchokera mmera.
- Bzalani mbeu yachinyamata malinga ndi njira yomwe ili pamwambapa.
Mphukira ndi chomera cha mayi chimakhala ndi muzu wofanana, womwe umadulidwa pakubzala
Mitengo yaying'ono imabzulidwa chimodzimodzi, ikumata dothi lapansi kuti ikhale ndi lingaliro la mizu. Mukangowononga iwo, ndiye kuti mwayi wopezeka panyanja udzuzika. Ngati mizu yawonongeka, ndiye kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa mlengalenga: kudula nthambi, kufupikitsa mitengo ikuluikulu. Sea buckthorn imakhala yosavuta kuzika mizu, kenako imabwezeretsa korona mwachangu.
Njira yodzala yokha ndiyosavuta, koma pali zovuta zambiri posankha mbande ndikukonzekera malowo. Buckthorn wam'madzi ndi chomera chamtundu umodzi, chifukwa chake, chitsamba chimodzi chimabala zipatso pokhapokha mbewu yachimuna m'deralo, mkati mwa 100 m. Muyeneranso kuganizira komwe mizu imayambira: kufalikira mozungulira ndipo kutali ndi mtengo, simudzatha kukumba pansi pafupi ndi nyanja yamadzi. Chifukwa chake, musanagule mbande, muyenera kusankha ngati muli ndi malowo m'mundamo komanso ngati ndichisoni kugawa malo ambiri a nyanja yamadzi.
