Kodi mabulosi amakula ku Siberia? Mitengo yobiriwira yolimba yozizira osakhazikika mu nyengo yozizira

Mabulosi, kapena mtengo wa mabulosi (chifukwa cha mabulosi), ku madera ambiri a Russia ungatengedwe ngati chomera chokhacho, chomwe chimapezeka pokhapokha ngati tili ndi nyengo yosiyana kwambiri ndi yathu. Komabe, dera lomwe amagawikiramo likupita kutali kumpoto, ndipo lero alimi ambiri akukula bwino mtengo wakummwerawu, ngakhale ku Siberia.

Mitundu iwiri ya mabulosi: yoyera ndi yakuda

Mwa mitundu yoposa mazana awiri a mabulosi, mitundu iwiri imadziwika kwambiri komanso ilipo:

• Mabulosiwo ndi oyera. Kunyumba, mdziko la China ndi India, ndi mtengo waukulu (kufika pamtunda wa 10-12) wokhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 300. Imayesedwa ngati chipatso komanso kudyetsa mbewu za mafakitale. Tsamba limakhala lalikulu kukula mpaka 25-30 cm. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya cha silika, wopanga nsalu za silika. Amadziwika kuyambira nthawi zakale.
• Mabulosiwa ndi akuda. Tsambalo ndi lalitali 6-17 cm. Imayesedwa ngati mtengo wa zipatso. Amapereka masango a zipatso zazing'ono zakuda ndi zowola, koma zosangalatsa. Zipatso zooneka ngati mabulosi akuda.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kwakunja pakati pa mabulosi oyera ndi akuda mumtundu wa zipatso. Amadziwika kuti ndi yoyera pafupifupi chifukwa cha kuwala kwa khungwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso zakupsa za mabulosi oyera zitha kukhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana: zoyera, zapinki komanso zakuda.

Ngakhale nthambi zosatha za mabulosi oyera zimakhala ndi mtundu wowala.

Mumdima wakuda, zipatso, kucha nthawi zonse ndimakhala wakuda ndi khungwa lakuda.

Mabulosi osiyanasiyana Black Baroness amakana chisanu

Kodi mabulosi amakula nthawi yozizira

Madera obadwira mabulosi m'dziko lathu akhoza kumaonedwa ngati zigawo zakumwera:

• Transcaucasia
• North Caucasus
• Crimea
• kumwera kwa gawo la ku Europe kwa Russia.

Koma lero gawo la kufalitsa kwake lapita patsogolo osati ku Siberia, komanso mbali ina - kumayiko a Europe. Kumpoto kwa kumpoto, mabulosi amtundu womwewo sangathe kukula mpaka kukula kum'mwera. Kututa kwa zipatso zakumpoto sikokwanira, ndipo zipatso zomwezo ndizochepa komanso zowawasa.

Mabulosi amakula pamtunda wosiyanasiyana, koma umakonda chonde, chosamasuka, chokhala ndi madzi okwanira komanso acidity pH 5.5-7.0. Kukula kwa mitengo kumakhala pang'ono, kumayamba kubereka zipatso kwa zaka 8-10, komanso ku Siberia - kwa zaka 10-12. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala kale zaka zitatu kapena zisanu mbande.

Pogwira ntchito ndi mbande za mabulosi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ili ndi mizu yochepetsetsa yomwe imafunikira kusamalira mosamala. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, simungathe kukumba dothi pansi pa mitengo iyi.

Mu mabulosi, osati mizu yokha, komanso nthambi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa fragility. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa nthambi zazitali za mtengo wachikulire, kukulira kutali kwambiri ndi korona, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuyika ma props.

Tekinoloje yotsala yonse yofanana ndi kubzala mitengo iliyonse:

1. Kukumba dzenje pang'ono komanso lakuya kuposa mizu.
2. Mmera umagwera m dzenje, wokutidwa ndi nthaka ndikukhalamo.
3. Nthaka imathiridwa mokwanira kuti inyowetse ndikusintha.
4. Mtengo umamangidwa pakati pa mizu ya mmera, pomwe chomera chokhomedwa chimamangirizidwa.
5. Dothi la mulch limabalalika pamwamba.

Mitundu yakukula ku Siberia

Kuti mudzalidwe kumadera ozizira, kuphatikiza ndi Siberia, mitundu ingapo ya mabulosi ilimbikitsidwa. Onsewa ndi amtundu womwewo - mabulosi oyera. Amasiyana masamba - tsamba kuchokera pansipa limakhala losalala, nthawi zina limakhala ndi zophukira zazing'ono, mawonekedwe a tsamba ndi osalakwika, owoneka ndi mtima.

Gome: Mitundu ya mabulosi ndiyothandiza kukula nyengo yozizira

Mulimonsemo, pogula mmera ku nazale, akatswiri angakuuzeni mitundu yomwe imasinthidwa makamaka ndi nyengo yanu. Ndipo mutha kufunsanso eni ake a mabulosi kuti ndi mitundu iti yomwe idapulumuka ndipo ikukula bwino mdera lanu.

Vidiyo: Kukula mabulosi ambiri ku Siberia

Zambiri za kukula kwa mabulosi mu ozizira zigawo

Pali njira zosavuta zomwe muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mukamakulira mabulosi amvula nyengo yozizira.

Kusankha kwampando

Amadziwika kuti mumsewu ngakhale nthawi yozizira mumakhala malo omwe mitengo imawotha. Awa ndi malo otsetsereka kumwera omwe amatsegulidwa ndi dzuwa, ndipo amafunika kusankhidwa kuti abzalire mbewu zokonda kutentha. Chifukwa chakukhazikika kwawo, madera oterowo nthawi zonse amalandilidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala. Ngakhale m'mwezi wa Disembala, pomwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kukuwala padziko lapansi ndikutentha pang'ono, malo otsetsereka kwambiri amawoneka otentha kwambiri ngati chilimwe ndi dzuwa lotentha. Zachidziwikire, chipale chofewa chimanyezimira, koma m'dzinja lapansi dziko lapansi lidzawundana ndi nthawi ina, ndipo nthawi yophukira limayamba kuuma ndipo limawotha kale.

Ngakhale kotentha kwa mbewu kum'mwera kwa nyumba, makamaka zazikulu ndi zotentha. Nyumba zomwe zinaimilira kumbuyo kwa mitengo kumpoto sizikhala mthunzi, koma zophimba kokha kuchokera kumphepo yozizira yakumpoto. Ndi osafunika kwambiri kubzala mabulosi pamalo ochepetsetsa.

Mulch

Mukamakonza mabulosi kuti muzitha kuzizira kapena nthawi yophukira yophukira, muyenera kudzaza dothi ndi mulch wosanjikiza. Ndikwabwino ngati ndizopulumutsa kutentha. Zosankha zotere ndi zoyenera:

• singano zouma zosakanizidwa ndi humus,
• utuchi wowola,
• humus,
• peat.

Mulch imathiridwa m'magawo a masentimita 15-25. Kuphimba kotero kumathandizira kuteteza mizu kuti isazizire. Udongo watsopano umagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Koma amatha kutenga nayitrogeni m'nthaka pakavunda. Ndipo pomaliza pake kuvunda, amapatsanso nayitrogeni pansi. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthira utuchi watsopano:

• feteleza wa nayitrogeni
• urea
• ammonium nitrate.

Kutengera osachepera 40-60 g pa 1 sq. Km. m

Chidule chambiri

M'madera ozizira, ndikofunikira kuchita kudulira, ndikupanga chitsulo chokhala ngati chitsamba. M'munsi mabulosi, gawo lalikulu lidzakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Ndipo ndikosavuta, ngati kuli koyenera, kufundira kuchokera pamwamba ndi zofunda. Mtengo wokhala ndi malire akulephera kubwereketsa, chifukwa ngakhale popanda kudulira, mabulosiwo amakula kwambiri m'lifupi kuposa kutalika.

Nyengo yozizira, mabulosi amapezeka

Mabulosi a zaka ziwiri pachilumba chotentha cha Brittany, chomwe chimafalitsa korona wake mpaka mamilimita 600, amawaganizira kuti ndi omwe amatsogolera malowa. m

Zina zimachitika podulira mwaudongo komanso kuwonda malinga ndi malamulo azikhalidwe zonse ndi zigawo. Kusiyana kokhako ndikuti patadutsa koyambirira kwamasika, kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa kusiya 10 ^zaC, chifukwa pamenepo padzakhala chiopsezo cha kuzizira kwa kudula kwatsopano ndi kufa kwa nthambi.

Pogona

Kalelo m'zaka za zana la 18, Russia itatha kuphunzira chinsinsi cha kupanga silika, zoyesayesa zidapangidwa kuti pakhale chikhalidwe choyera cha mabulosi mu nyengo yathu pamalonda azinthu. Zochitika zawonetsa kuti mitengo yamaluwa imatha kukula ndikukula bwinobwino kwa zaka zingapo. Koma pomwe kuzizira kwambiri kunachitika, ndipo izi sizachilendo ndi ife, mabulosiwo amayamba kuwoneka ndendende kutalika kwa chipale chofewa. Chilichonse chomwe chinali pansi pa chisanu chimapulumuka. Zikuwonekeratu kuti kusungirako malo akulu akulu ndizovuta kwambiri. Koma mtengo umodzi kapena ingapo m'munda mwanu ukhoza kuphimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa pansi, ndipo ngati kukuzizira kwambiri, kuphimba ndi zofunda zamakono, ngakhale zogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ziphuphu zimafunikira mphukira zazing'ono. Zomwe zachitika zikuwonetsa kuti nthambi zanthete za munthu wachikulire sizizizira kapena kuzizira kwambiri.

Zodzala m'deralo

Mtengo womwe wakhala ukukula kwa zaka zingapo nyengo yozizira kale wasintha mu mtundu wake kuloza kuzizira kwambiri. Inde, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzale mabulosi ndi mbande zachikulire kuti muchulukane posachedwa. Koma ngati mmera watulutsidwa kumene, simungadikire kuti zipatso zikule. Chifukwa chake, kufalitsa mabulosi kuzizira Sungathe kutchedwa kuti zoned, malinga ndi malingaliro asayansi, koma kale ndi mtengo wosinthika kale.

Momwe mungakonzekere ndikubzala mbande:

1. Masamba atagwa, zophuka pachaka zimadulidwa pamwamba pa impso losankhidwa ndi 15-17 masentimita.
2. Magawo amviika mu heteroauxin kapena yankho la muzu uliwonse. Omangidwa m'miyala ya zidutswa za 10-15, atayikidwa molunjika mumtsuko ndipo yokutidwa ndi mchenga pafupifupi kutalika konse.
   

   Heteroauxin ndi mchere wam potaziyamu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mababu ndi mizu ya mbande ndi mbande
3. M'nyengo yozizira, sungani kutentha kwa 3 ^zaC mpaka kuphatikiza 7 ^zaC.
4. Chapakatikati masamba asanayambe kutupira, ma dothi amapangika mu nthaka yakuzama mpaka masentimita 151. Ikani zodulidwamo mu mzere 25-25 masentimita ndipo mudzaze nthaka pafupifupi kwathunthu, ndikungosiya nsonga yayitali masentimita 2-3.
5. Mu nthawi yophukira, zodulidwa zomwe zidapereka mizu zimaziika ngati mbande yathunthu mpaka malo okhazikika.
6. Kwa nthawi yozizira amagona ndi chisanu.

Masamba obiriwira ozizira nyengo amafalitsidwa makamaka ndi mbande.

Komanso, mabulosi am'deralo amatha kufalitsidwa ndi muzu wamphukira, vaccinations, mbewu ndi layering.

Monga momwe tikuwonera, funso "Kodi mabulosi amakula ku Siberia", ndikuwunika zambiri pa netiweki, titha kuyankha - ikukula, koma ndikugonjera kawiri:

1. Samakula ku Siberia yonse.
2. Chimakula, koma osati kumudzi kwawo momwe nyengo yake ilili.

Mwa madera ozizira, mabulosi oyera oyera amakhala ndi chidaliro ku Bashkiria, Kazan ndi Orenburg, Altai, Primorye, komanso kumwera kwa Khabarovsk Territory. Apa, mabulosi amatha kubala zipatso, zomwe sizimakhala choncho nthawi zonse m'mikhalidwe yovuta ya nyengo. Koma ngakhale mu zigawozi, chifukwa chamazizira kwambiri, mabulosi nthawi zambiri amaundana popanda mphukira zapachaka komanso nthambi zosatha.

Komanso zomwe anapeza kuti alimi a kumpoto awonetsa kuti mabulosi amatha kuyenderana ndi kuzizira ndikuzolowera malo okhala bwino kwambiri kuposa zikhalidwe zina zakumwera. Kuphatikiza apo, mphukira zachisanu sizimatsogolera pakufa kwa mbewuyo ndipo sizimakhudza kwambiri zomwe zikuwonekera. M'chilimwe choyamba, m'malo mwa mphukira zotayika chifukwa cha chisanu, zatsopano zimakula mwachangu. Zowona, izi zimachepetsa kukula kwabwinobwino, koma osati kovuta.

Tizilombo

Mavuto onse omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kubzala zipatso mu nyengo yozizira amathetsedwa ndi chinthu chimodzi chodabwitsa - alibe pafupifupi tizirombo ndi matenda. Sichifunika kukonzedwa. Nthawi zina mbewa zomwe zimatchera makungwa zimatha kuvulaza mtengo - mabulosi ambiri amakhala ndi tsamba komanso makungwa okhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, motero amakhudzidwa ndi makoswe. Chitetezero ndichofanana ndi zipatso zonse, mwachitsanzo, motsutsana ndi hares - thunthu pamunsi limakulungidwa ndi zinthu zokutira ndikumangirira ndi waya.

Kuti muteteze ku makoswe, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mabulosi imakutidwa ndi zinthu

Nthawi zina mbalame zimacha zipatso zakupsa, komanso zipatso ndi mabulosi ena.

Mbalame zimatha kuvulaza mbewu za mabulosi

Pakhoza kuvulazidwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa, komwe mitengo ikuluikulu imayeretsedwa ndi yankho la laimu pakugwa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pazifukwa zina kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa mvula, koma mtengo uliwonse umawotchedwa dzuwa litangoyamba kumene kutulutsa kusanayambe, mu February-Marichi, ndiye kuti ndi yoyenera kuyeretsa.

Chisamaliro

Kuphatikiza pa njira zotsutsana ndi kuzizira zomwe zili pamwambapa, mabulosi angafunike kuthirira pakachilala, kenako pokhapokha pasanathe mwezi wa Ogasiti. Kuyambira pano, mtengowo umayamba kukonzekera nthawi yachisanu, ndipo safunanso chinyezi chowonjezera.

Pali malingaliro oyenera kudyetsa mabulosi ndi michere ndi michere yachilengedwe kuti muchite kukula. Koma mbewu zokhala ndi moyo wautali sizimakonda kuthamanga. Amakula pang'onopang'ono zaka zambiri komanso pafupifupi safuna kusiya.

Kukula Kwa Mabulosi

Mabulosi amakula bwino ndipo amabala zipatso m'mizinda, ngakhale oyandikana ndi mafakitale, samadwala ndi mpweya wouma, komanso amalolera tsitsi. Gwiritsani ntchito munjira zam'misewu, magulu komanso malo amodzi, pozungulira misewu yamizinda, ndikupanga mipanda yokongola. Otsala akuyesetsa kupanga mitundu yatsopano ya tuta. G. I. Babaeva ndi N. A. Alekseichenko anabala mitundu 7 yobala zipatso kwambiri, yozizira, yolimba yolimbana ndi matenda ndikusankha mitundu 14 yazipatso ndi zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira yoyera mpaka ya pinki, kuchokera ku pinki mpaka yaiira pamaso. . Mabulosi mu nyengo yozizira iyi ya 2010 inali yozizira kwambiri, pankhani ya chisanu. Koma nyengo yotere imachitika kamodzi zaka zana, sindikutaya mtima. Ndikuganiza kuti patatha zaka ziwiri chidzakula ndikuyamba kubala zipatso. Zokwanira kwa zaka zana.

G. Kazanin

Kuchokera pamagazini ya "Homestead Management"

Ndipo mabulosi athu azibala zipatso! Ndafotokozera kale zambiri - ngakhale kumpoto kwa dera la Moscow kumabala zipatso. Kulimbana ndi chisanu kumayamba chifukwa cha zaka zambiri. Inde, zokolola ndizotsika kumwera, ndipo zipatso zake ndizochepa - komabe zikuyenera kugwira ntchito! Ndiye muyenera kubzala. Chinthu chimodzi cholakwika - sizikudziwika kuti ndi mbewu yanji. Ngati zakula kuchokera kumbewu, zimatha kukhala zopanda vuto.

Katya

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Ponena za mabulosi a pinki (pinki-zipatso), nditha kunena zabwino. Zipatso zokoma (mu chilimwe chotentha chimakhala ngati uchi), kukula kwake pafupifupi 2-2,5 cm. Mwachilengedwe, mosiyana ndi aronia, sizimapuntha manja mukamadya zipatso. Patatha chisanu chaka chino, ndimaganiza kuti ndisiyidwa wopanda zipatso, koma ayi. Ndili dzulo poyang'ana malowa, ndinapeza kuti masamba omwe anali ndi maluwa tsopano, zipatso zinalipo.

wopusa

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=38&t=537&sid=b9367287b8e753b14c42b76cc11acb74&start=360

Mabulosi oyera ndi zipatso zakuda zimamera ku Samara. M'nyengo yozizira ya 2009-2010 adagwirizana ndi chisanu cha -40 ° C. M'mazira ochulukirapo -35 ° C, malekezero akuwombera pachaka, omwe, mwambiri, siowopsa. Ngakhale pambuyo -40 oC, idabala zipatso mkati mwanga. Zofalikira ndi zodula zonse nthawi yozizira zimakhazikika komanso zobiriwira nthawi yotentha. Kubalana ndi mbewu sindimalangiza. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pobala mbewu chomera chachikazi chokhachokha, chomera chachimuna (cha silika) chitha kupezeka, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amuna ndi akazi (izi ndi zomwe zodulidwa zimayenera kuchotsedwa).

Dolphin Wosaoneka

//otvet.mail.ru/question/89044596

Mwambiri, mabulosi ndi mbewu yolimba, yopirira yomwe safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Zovuta pakukulitsa ku Siberia kuzizira kozizira komanso nthawi yochepa yotentha. Monga mukuwonera, amatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri ngati zinthu zina zobzala ndikukula mtengo zimayang'aniridwa.