Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mphesa za Furor - mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kulima

Mphesa za tebulo la furor zimakwaniritsa dzina lake. Posachedwa posachedwa modabwitsa ndi zipatso zake zazikulu. Mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu komanso yolimbana ndi matenda imakulitsidwa bwino kumadera akumwera kwa Russia Federation, ikuyesetsanso kuti ikakulireni mozunzika kwambiri.

Mbiri ya Kukula kwa Ma hybrid

Wophatikiza uwu udabadwa ndi amateur obereketsa V.U. Kapelyushny mdera la Rostov. Mtundu wosakanizidwa (GF) unapezeka chifukwa cha kupukutidwa kwa mphesa zosankha Chiyukireniya Flora ndi chisakanizo cha mungu wa mitundu yosagwirizana posachedwa, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XXI. Alimi wamba akhala akulima m'minda yawo kuyambira 2013.

Mitundu ya mphesa Flora yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga GF Furor

Mphesa Flora, imadziwikanso kuti Laura, yopezeka kwa makolo a gulu lakummawa. Uwu ndi msipu wamtali woyambirira wokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zotsekemera, zosagwira mphutsi ndi zowola imvi. Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi maluwa aakazi.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu

Hybrid Furor adalandira zabwino zambiri kuchokera kwa kholo lake. Imabzalidwa popanda malo pofikira kum'mwera komanso m'njira yapakatikati; kumpoto kwambiri, mpesa umakhazikitsidwa nthawi yozizira. Mphesa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi kukula kwa maula. Khungu lanu limakhala lophimba. Zipatso za mtundu wakuda, mkati 2 - 3 mbewu. Guwa ndi wandiweyani, yowutsa mudyo, khirisipi. Mtolo umakhala wotayirira pang'ono, umatha kulemera mpaka kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka.

Bunch ya mphesa Furor ndi zipatso zazikulu

Kudera la Rostov, zipatso zimapsa pofika Ogasiti 10. M'matawuni, kuti mukatolere koyambirira, ndibwino kuti mukule mphesa muuwisi. Kukucha mphesa kwa mwezi wina kumatha kupachika chitsamba osataya katundu wawo.

Wachinyamata wosakanizidwa wakulandera adalandira dzina loyenerera chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake yabwino - zipatso zazikulu, yakucha yakucha, kukana chisanu, matenda. Ma hybrid omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha mtanda woyamba sangatsimikizire kusamutsa khola lolimba la zinthu zabwino kwa ana. Chomera chosinthika chimadziwika ndi magulu okhazikika; GF ndi gawo limodzi mwamasankho. Kuti fomu ya haibridi ikhale yosiyanasiyana, zimatenga zaka zambiri ntchito yopanga.

Mayeso osiyanasiyana a Furor akupitirirabe, zinthu zotsatirazi zalengezedwa:

• Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Popanda pogona, imatha kulekerera chisanu mpaka -24 ° C.
• Pewani kudwala.
• Kumayambiriro, nyengo ya masamba 105-110 masiku.
• Mphukira zapachaka zimacha ndi 75%.
• Kukula.
• Zipatso zazikulu zolemera 20-30 g ndi kukula kwa 40 x 23 mm.
• Zomwe zili ndi shuga mu zipatso ndi 21-22%.
• Acidity ya zipatso mpaka 5 - 6 g / l.
• Kukoma kwa zipatso ndikogwirizana, kokoma.
• Gawo ndi gome.

Mphesa zimafalitsika bwino ndikudula ndi ma cutons, ndikosavuta kubzala pa stock iliyonse. Zoyipa za haibridi zimaphatikizapo zipatso zake zambiri. Mtandawu umamangidwa kuposa chitsamba chomwe umatha kupirira.

Mphesa Furor zochuluka zimabala zipatso

Zambiri zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa maluwa a Furore amitundu iwiri; okonda kwambiri omwe amalima mphesa uyu akuti ali ndi mtundu wachikazi wamaluwa okhala ndi mungu womwe sungathe umuna.

Kulima mphesa ndi mtundu waakazi-wamtundu wamaluwa kumaphatikizapo kuyika kwake pafupi ndi tchire - pollinators. Wopatsa mungu wabwino ndi mphesa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pobiriwira, Furor amayenera kupukutidwa mwanjira, kapena kupukutidwa kuti apewe "kupindika", kupanga zipatso zazing'ono zopanda zipatso.

Kanema: Kufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe a wosakanizidwa Furor

Zambiri pobzala ndi kukula mitundu ya mphesa za Furor

Mafuta awa amawoneka kuti ndi okongola osati zipatso zake zabwino zokha, komanso chifukwa cha kupanda kwawo ulemu; siufunikira chisamaliro, kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda, yokonzedwa bwino ndi nyengo yachisanu.

Tikufika

Mphesa zimakonda dothi lodetsa mchere. Kudera la North-West, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti asanabzale, ufa wa dolomite uwonjezeke kunthaka ndi asidi. Idzachulukitsa dothi ndi magnesium ndipo sichidzatsogolera ku alkalization. Ufa wa Dolomite umawonjezeredwa chaka chilichonse ndi dothi la asidi dongo; opaleshoni iyi imachitika bwino kwambiri pakugwa. Pa lalikulu. m athandizira 300 - 500 g ufa.

Pakufikira sankhani malo dzuwa, lotetezedwa ndi mphepo. Tall Furor sagwiranso bwino mphepo yakumpoto. Madzi ozizira ayenera kukhala osachepera 2,5 mita kuchokera kuzizindikiro za chidendene.

Pamizu chidendene pali mizu yayikulu ya mphesa

Kutengera dera, mphesa zimabzalidwa mosiyanasiyana. M'malo ouma, chidendene chimakwiriridwa theka la mita kulowa m'nthaka, m'malo ozizira bwino amalimbikitsidwa, ndipo mphesa zazitali zam'madzi zimabzalidwa paphiri. Mtengowo ndi wamtali, mukadzala tchire mzere pakati pawo kusiya mtunda wa mamita 3-4.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Njira zobzala mphesa

Kuthirira

Mphesa sizilekerera madzi owonjezera. Thirirani chomeracho nthawi zambiri mutabzala, thirirani mpesa wamkulu dothi likauma. Panthawi yakucha, timaletsa kuthirira kuti zipatso zisasokonekera. Ngati dzinja linali louma komanso lotentha, nthawi yophukira, kukonza mphesa kuti zikhale nyengo yachisanu, "timathandizira" mizu ndi madzi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kumayambiriro kwa masika, mphesa zimafunikira nayitrogeni, nthawi yamaluwa ndikatola zipatso, amafunika potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Mutha kudutsa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe, manyowa ndi phulusa. Ngati sichoncho, timagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere - carbonate, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sodium mumagawo omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi malangizo.

• Nitrogen - timayambitsa mabala m'chaka ndi theka loyamba la chilimwe.
• Phosphorous - chofunikira pamtunda pa maluwa ndikupanga zipatso, timadyetsa masika ndi chilimwe.
• Potaziyamu - kuvala zovala zoyambilira kwambiri za nyundo, kumathandiza chomera kuti chikhale nyengo yachisanu. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu April kuti imathandizira kukula kwa mphukira, kuvala pamwamba kwa chilimwe kudzathandizira kupsa kwa chipatso.

Ndikofunika "kupukusa mpesa" koyambirira kwa kasupe, ndikukonzekera "maenje a michere." Maenje ang'onoang'ono 30 cm amakumbidwa pakati pa tchire, lomwe limadzaza ndi manyowa osakanikirana (magawo 10) ndi superphosphate (gawo 1). Thirirani zam'mudzimo ndi kudzaza ndi dziko lapansi. Mizu yake imakula mwachangu pamtunda wofunda kuti mufikire "chithandizo".

Kanema: thirirani bwino ndi kudyetsa mphesa nthawi yamaluwa

Chithandizo cha Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Wophatikiza wosakanizidwa ndi matenda amalimbikitsidwa kuti azidontheredwa mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, mutakolola, ndimakonzedwe amphesa omwe nthawi zonse amakhala. Analimbikitsa kuti awononge majeremusi enaake omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizirombo.

Kanema: momwe mungatetezere ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kudula, kupanga, kusintha

Wotalika wa Furor wosakanikira amafunika kudulira pachaka. Opaleshoni iyi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike m'thaka isanachitike pogona. Pa mpesa uchoke masamba 6 - 8, chiwerengero chonse cha masamba kuthengo chizikhala mkati mwa 35 - 40 zidutswa. Kudulira mphesa kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mukhale ndi mbewu yayitali komanso yokhazikika, makulidwe amafunikira kuti muthe kupeza mbewu yabwino.

Sinthani mbewu ndi kusintha mphukira. Mukakonza mbewuyo, masango owonjezera ndi ma inflorescence amachotsedwa, pomwe makulidwe ophukira, mphukira zofooka ndi zowonda zimachotsedwa. Pa mitundu iliyonse, matebulo apadera amakonzedwa kuwerengetsa katundu wazomera pachitsamba, mogwirizana ndi momwe zimakhalira.

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: kusintha kwa chitsamba cha mphesa

The mkulu wololera wosakanizidwa Furor amafuna kuvomerezedwa kalembedwe. Kuchulukitsa mbewuzo kumakhudza kupsa kwa mpesa ndi mbewu ya chaka chamawa. Tchire tating'ono timafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Mphesa wazaka ziwiri zatha kubweretsa mbewu, osafunikira kuidzaza. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya maburashi 2 - 3, amodzi pa mphukira.

Yang'anirani mkhalidwe wamtchire nthawi yakupsa. M'chilimwe, mphukira zimakula kwambiri; ngati kukula kwawo kwayima, ndipo lingaliro lowongoka laumboni likuchitira umboni izi, zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zochuluka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya zipatsozo. Potere, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masango angapo osadandaula kuti muchepetse katundu.

Kanema: masanjidwe a mphesa ndi mphukira

Kanema: makulidwe a mbewu m'magulu

Pokonza chitsamba, timapanga nthawi yomweyo. Kutengera ndi mtunda, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a chitsamba omwe ndi oyenera kwambiri kuti zinthu zikule. Ngati mukufuna kusungira mphesa nthawi yachisanu, perekani mitundu yosagwirizana ndi mitundu: fan, cordon. Oyamba kulima amalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a tchire malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe wasayansi waku France akuti Guyot.

Dongosolo losavuta lodulira lomwe Guyot amakupatsani kuti mupange fomu yophimba ndi kuchepetsa katundu pachitsamba

Kukonzekera yozizira

Wophatikiza uyu ndi wachisanu-wowuma, kumakhala nyengo yabwino kum'mwera popanda pobisalira. Madera akumpoto, ayenera kutetezedwa mosamala. Pakati pa msewu, yang'anani mawonekedwe a nyengo yozizira m'dera lanu. Mphukira ndi mphukira zokhwima za Furor zimatha kupirira chisanu mpaka -24 ° C, koma ngati kuli chipale chofewa kapena nyengo yachisanu yosakhazikika komanso nsagwada ndizotheka, ndibwino kuphimba mbewu. Zomera zazing'ono zilizonse zimafunikira kutetezedwa ku chisanu.

Chomera chizolowera kuzizira pang'onopang'ono: chaka choyamba timaphimba, mchaka chachiwiri timabisanso, mchaka chachitatu timaphimba mpesa pang'ono, ndikusiya mpango umodzi wosavala.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Kukonzekera mphesa nthawi yachisanu

Kuti mukonze mbesa nthawi yozizira, muyenera kuchotsa mtengo wa mpesawo pakuchirikiza, wokutira ndi "kupuma" ndikuyala pansi. Ngati nthawi yozizira imakhala chipale chofewa, mphesa zimaphulika popanda zovuta. Pansi pa chipale chofewa chomwe chimakhala 10 cm, kutentha ndi 10 ° C kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya.

Kwa mphesa, si chisanu chomwe chimakhala chowopsa, koma thaws zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza ndikuyamba kutentha. Zikatero, mphesa zosungidwa zimatha kucha, ndipo masamba otseguka amayambira kuphuka ndikuwuma.

Kulimbana ndi chipatso cham'mapiri kumatengera mphamvu zochuluka zomwe zimapeza nthawi yochuluka bwanji mu mizu, mpesa ndi mitengo yosatha. Oletsa kugwa chisanu kwambiri ndi tchire lokhala ndi arbor ndi arched form. Ndipo pali tchire lopangidwa ndi cordon. Mitundu yopanda kanthu imakhala yotentha kwambiri chifukwa chosowa nkhuni zosatha.

Timakulitsa mphesa muyezo, ngati sizifunikira pobisalira

• Kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi nayitrogeni komanso kusowa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous kumachepetsa kusasinthika kwa mpesa ndipo kumatha kuwundana.
• Matenda, tizirombo ndi miyala yamatalala zimawononga tsamba ndikulepheretsa mbewuyo.
• Ndi kukula kwambiri kwa zipatso, zochuluka za michere zimatumizidwa ku zipatso, ndipo palibe chomwe chimatsala kuti mizu ipangidwe ndi mphukira zatsopano. Chitsamba chakutha chimatha kufa nthawi yozizira, kusintha ndikofunikira.

Ngakhale mphesa ziziwuma nthawi yozizira, pali mwayi kuti zichira m'malo mwake. Chaka chino, sangakondweretse zokolola, koma amapanga chitsamba.

Kanema: Malangizo ochokera kwa katswiri wodziwa za dimba momwe angapangire mphesa

Vidiyo: timabisa mphesa ku Urals

Ndemanga za omwe amapanga vinyo

Chilimwe chatha pachisamba changa Furora ndiye mbewu yoyamba. Panalibe maburashi akuluakulu, zipatso za zotayirira, zopaka mafuta, pafupifupi zakuda, kulemera kwa 10-12 g, mnofu mnofu, wandiweyani, kulawa ndi zolemba za chitumbuwa. Zokolola zimapachikidwa pachitsamba kwa nthawi yayitali, kunyamula, kusungidwa. Zipatso sizimasweka, sizowonongeka ndi mavu. Unthaka ndi wolimba kwambiri, mpesa wapsa bwino. Imakhala ndi matenda. Zikuwoneka kuti zikuyenda bwino kwambiri, komanso panali malingaliro akuti anali asanabalalike.

Monakhova Vera Andreevna (Kazan)

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FUROR yakhala ibala zipatso kwa zaka ziwiri. Kukula ndi kofowoka, mipesa ndi yopyapyala. Chaka chatha, ndidasiya gulu limodzi - kulemera magalamu 800, zipatso zosakanikirana, mpaka magalamu 20, zipatso zake ndizowoneka bwino, kucha kwa zipatso m'mango munthawi yomweyo, maula chikondi. Chaka chatha, panali ma bulu 8 olemera 1-1.2 kg, omwe adakhwimitsidwa pofika pa Ogasiti 21. Zikuwoneka kuti FUROR sanabalazidwebe pamalo anga .... Ku FUROR, mabulosi ndiwopanda mnofu, koma osati amadzimadzi, ndi crunch, matani a chitumbuwa amapezeka pakomedwe.

Zhanna Fayfruk (dera la Voronezh)

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Kapangidwe kamakoma kwambiri! Ine (osati ine ndekha) ndimawoneka kuti ndikumva kukoma kwa chitumbuwa chazopanikizika. Zovuta kwambiri.

Liplyavka Elena Petrovna (Kamensk)

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Ndinayamba Furore chaka chino ndikukula msanga komanso maluwa. Popeza woyamba zipatso, anasiya maburashi atatu. Wadzala bwino, mpesa uli pafupi ndi zipatso zisanu ndi chimodzi zakupsa. Maluwa adayamba kukhosi. Tiyeni tiyesere mtundu wanji wa mphesa wokhala ndi dzina lolimbikitsa. Chaka chino ndinayesa Furor m'munda wake wamphesa. Ndili nacho kuchokera ku Biysk kuchokera ku Vanin V.A. , ndipo kuyambira ku Kapelyushny V.U. Kumanzere atatu kuwonetsera. Kumapeto kwa Seputembala, mawonekedwe, kukula ndi mtundu wa zipatsozo ndi zofanana ndi zanu, koma kukoma kwake sikuwoneka ngati kucha. Mpesawo umakhwima, ngakhale kudula kudula. Mphesa ndizokongola, zamphamvu; ndikachokapo, timasunga nkhuni, ndikasintha matendawa, mwina china chake chitha.

Valyaev Andrey Nikolaevich (Altai Madera)

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Adayang'anitsitsa maluwa a Furora. Komabe, ndiyenera kuvomereza kuti duwa laku Furoor wanga ndi lachikazi.

Mikhno Alexander (Krasnodar Territory)

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Chaka chino tili ndi pollination ku Furore osati osauka; ngakhale zokolola zonse zili bwino, koma masango ndi otayirira .... Kununkhira, kumene, ndikodabwitsa. Zipatso ziwiri zinawonedwa pa tchire limodzi. Duwa limagwira ntchito ngati chachikazi, kupukutidwa nthawi iliyonse kumawoneka kuti ndi koyipa kwambiri, koma mutathira zipatso mumazindikira kuti zosiyana ndizowona - kupukutira ndikokwanira kupangika kwa masango otayirira omwe zipatso sizimaphwanya. Chaka chatha, chitsamba chidadzaza, mpesa udakhazikika bwino.

Evgeny Polyanin (dera la Volgograd)

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Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mphesa za Furor umamera bwino poyera kumwera. Mtundu wolimbana ndi matenda sufuna kusamalidwa komanso kulolera kwambiri. Zipatso zake zazikulu zimakoma kwambiri. Kukula kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kuzizira kwambiri kozizira kumapangitsa kuti athe kupita kumpoto. Choyipa chake ndi mtundu wa maluwa-achikazi; oyandikana nawo azidzafunika zipatso.