Momwe mungakulire konkire lonunkhira bwino pakati pa msewu wapakati

Mavwende okulidwa pakatikati pa Russia ndi ovuta kuyerekeza ndi Central Asia, koma ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi amakula bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala wopanda fungo. Zachidziwikire, dzuwa silokwanira, chifukwa m'malo ambiri mavwende amabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, koma izi sizimaletsa okonda.

Kusankha kosiyanasiyana kwa Melon pakati Russia

Pakati Russia, ndi chitsimikizo chotsimikizika, palibe mitundu yambiri ya mavwende omwe amatha kubzala. Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zonse "imakhala khutu", ndi Altai ndi Kolkhoznitsa. Komabe, mtunduwo pakali pano suchepera pa oimira odziwika awa. Nthawi yomweyo, posankha mtundu wa dera losatentha kwambiri, munthu ayenera kulabadira ngati udayesedwa kuti ulimidwe munyengo yotere. Mwina mutha kubzala mitundu yomwe mumakonda, koma mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Melon akuyenda pang'onopang'ono kumpoto, monga mitundu yatsopano ndi ma hybrids akuwonekera nthawi zonse, osagwirizana ndi nyengo komanso osafuna chilimwe chotalikirapo. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, chikhalidwe ichi chikuchita zigawo za Bryansk, Kaluga, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod.

Mitundu yoyambirira komanso yapakatikati moyeretsa ndioyenera kulimidwa pakatikati pa Russia

Mulimonsemo, mumsewu wapakati muyenera kudzipatula nokha ku mitundu yoyambirira (nthawi yayitali, nthawi yayitali), popeza kumapeto (ndipo nthawi zambiri ndizokoma kwambiri) simakhala ndi nthawi yakucha pano. Ngati mungayang'ane State State of Breeding Achievement of the Russian Federation, zimapezeka kuti mkanjira yapakatikati ndikulimbikitsidwa kukula mtundu umodzi wokha - Princess Svetlana. Enanso owerengeka ndi oyeneranso nyengo yofananira, mwachitsanzo:

• Wolima palimodzi
• Lesya
• Lolita
• Zachikondi.

Inde, wamaluwa samangokhala ndi malingaliro ovomerezeka ndikudzala mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka popeza kuchuluka kwawo kukukula chaka chilichonse.

Mavwende m'malo otseguka:

• Cinderella ndi mtundu wololera zambiri, womwe umacha kwambiri, umapatsa zipatso zazing'onoting'ono, zazing'ono pang'ono (zolemera 1 mpaka 2 kg) za kukoma kwambiri kwa uchi. Kukula kwakula kungopitilira miyezi iwiri: Masiku 60-72 amadutsa kuchokera mbande mpaka kukhwima mwaukadaulo. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuthana ndi matenda ndi vagaries nyengo, zomwe zimapangidwanso kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano: zipatsozo zimasungidwa osaposera milungu iwiri;
• Altai - zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ngati Cinderella pakukhwima koyambirira, kukolola ndikotheka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Zipatso ndi zachikaso, zotalika, zolemera mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu. Thupi silikhala lokoma, koma lokongola, lalanje, lonunkhira. Zipatso pafupifupi sizisungidwa, zimapangidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mutachotsa;
• Assol F1 imapereka zipatso zachikasu za lalanje zokulirapo pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu. Guwa ndi labwino kwambiri, lokoma, onunkhira, lopaka utoto wonyezimira. Nthawi yolima ndiyambira masiku 80 mpaka 90. Kupanga - mpaka 1 kg / m². Mavwende amasungidwa kwa masiku pafupifupi 7, mitunduyi imadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri ndi matenda;
• Mlimi wolumikizaku ndiwodziwika bwino komanso wokhwima pakatikati, wobadwira ambiri m'dziko lathu kuyambira 1943, pomwe nthawi yakula masiku 73 mpaka 95. Chipatsochi ndi mpira woyenera wolemera pafupifupi 1 kg, wachikaso cha lalanje, wachikaso. Guwa limakhala loyera, lokoma, lalitali. Timayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwapamwamba komanso zokolola zambiri, komanso kuthekera kokayenda mtunda wautali. Zoyipa zamitundu mitundu ndizovuta zake zotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri;
• Lesa apereka zipatso zikuluzikulu, zolemera kuposa 2 kg, lalanje-wachikasu, owoneka bwino. Guwa ndiwofewa, lamafuta, kuyambira oyera mpaka mtundu wa zonona. Chimapsa masiku 60-85. Fungo ndilabwino, mwachilengedwe mumitundu yambiri ya vwende, kukoma kwake ndikabwino. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi matenda ambiri komanso chilala chambiri, kulolera kwakukulu.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: mitundu ya melon yotseguka

Mitundu yokukula mu greenj m'nyumba:

• Princess Svetlana. Kuyambira kumera mpaka kukolola kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Zipatsozo ndi zowazungulirapo, pafupifupi zoyera, zolemera pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu. Kuguza kwake ndi kofewa, kotsekemera, lalanje mu mtundu, wabwino kwambiri, wokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa masabata a 2,5-3, nthawi zambiri zimalekerera mayendedwe;
• Lada zipse miyezi itatu itamera (kukhwima kwa ukadaulo kumatenga masiku 74-96), zipatso zolemera 1.5 mpaka 2 kg, lalanje, ozungulira, okoma kwambiri. Mnofu ndi zonona wowoneka bwino. Zosiyanasiyana ndizopanda matenda, mavwende sakusweka, chiwonetserochi ndichabwino;
• Titovka ndi imodzi mw mitundu yoyambirira kwambiri yakucha; nyengo yakula ndi masiku 55-70. Zipatso za mtundu wa lalanje, zokulirapo pang'ono, kukula kwake ndizosiyana kwambiri: Mitundu yonse yaying'ono ndi mavwende olemera mpaka 3.5 makilogalamu amatha kupezeka nthawi yomweyo pabedi. Guwa ndi loyera, lamtundu, labwino. Kulimbana ndi matenda pamlingo wambiri;
• Krinichanka ndi nthumwi ina yoyambirira kwambiri yamitundu: mavwende oyamba amapsa patatha masiku 70 zitamera. Zipatso ndizazungulira-owira, kukula kwapakatikati (pafupifupi 2 kg), lalanje-lalanje. Dongosolo lamkati limakhala lokoma kwambiri, losintha mtundu (kuchokera pamtundu wobiriwira kupita ku zonona). Kugwiritsira ntchito kwanyengo sikumakhudza kuthamanga kwacha: mitundu ingakule ndi kusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe;
• Golide wa Scythian F1 ndi chipatso choyambirira kupsa, zipatso zoyamba kupsa m'masiku 75-80, ndi ozungulira, ang'ono (pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu), achikasu. Guwa ndi lokoma, onunkhira, wachifundo, wokoma kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ndiyabwino. Wosakanizidwa amatchuka chifukwa cha zipatso zake zambiri komanso kulolera bwino kupweteka.

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: mitundu ya melon yolima malo obiriwira

Zofunikira zonse pakukula

Melon amafunikira kutentha kwambiri ndi dzuwa, zomwe ziyenera kulingaliridwa posankha malo ogona. Imapirira kutentha kwambiri komanso nyengo youma kwambiri, popeza imatha kuchotsa chinyezi kuchokera munthaka yayitali, koma pamalo otentha sikhala athanzi.

Mizu yake imalowera pansi mpaka 1 mita kapena kuposerapo, ngakhale izi zimawoneka ngati zodabwitsa kwambiri mukamayang'ana mbeu za kukula kwambiri.

Mavwende amamva bwino m'mapiri owala, chifukwa madzi ochulukirapo samasonkhana pamenepo, pomwe mitundu yambiri imayamba kudwala. Komabe, izi zikukweza ziyenera kutetezedwa molimbika ku mphepo yozizira.

Kuphatikizika kwa dothi ndikofunikira kwambiri: mavwende samamera kulikonse. Amakonda dothi lowala bwino monga mawonekedwe: asidi osalowerera ndale ndiwo njira yabwino kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mchenga wambiri ndi dothi la dongo, ndikuthira dothi acidic mosamala. Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri ndi kabichi, nkhaka, nandolo, adyo, anyezi. Ndiosafunika kubzala mavwende pambuyo pake mavwende, tomato ndi kaloti.

Pokhudzana ndi kufunikira kwa kuyatsa kwabwino, amayesa kukulira mavwende makamaka m'malo otseguka: makoma a nyumba zabwino kwambiri amazipangira kuwala kambiri. Komabe, pakati pa msewu wapakati, olima dimba ambiri amakakamizidwa kubzala mbewuyo kumalo obiriwira, popeza kuti chiwopsezo chosacha m'mundamo ndi chambiri: chilimwe ndichosiyana.

Melon amafunika malo ambiri kuti akule bwino

M'madera apakati, mitundu yokha yokhwima yomwe imabzidwa m'nthaka pobzala, nthawi zambiri mbande imayenera kukonzedwa. Ndipo ngakhale poyamba amamugoneka m'minda pansi pa zenera zowonera, osazichotsa kale kuposa June 10.

Mbiri yakale ikuwonetsa kuti ku dera la Moscow mavwende adabzalidwa zaka 500 zapitazo, pogwiritsa ntchito mabedi otentha manyowa m'malo obisalamo izi. Amakonzedwa pasadakhale pogwiritsa ntchito Mlingo wabwino wa zolengedwa, zokutidwa ndi filimu yakuda pulasitiki momwe mabowo amapangidwira. Mbande za Melon zimabzidwa mmenemo, osachotsa filimuyo chilimwe chonse, ndipo kuti kuzizireko, zimakutidwa ndi zinthu zopanda nsalu.

Kanema: Kukula vwende pakama lalitali

Kukula mbande

Mbande za Melon mu chipinda cha mzinda zimakhala bwino: kumakhala kutentha kokwanira, ndipo ngati kulibe dzuwa kwawindo, mutha kuwunikira ndi nyali. Ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha, mbande zitha kukonzedweramo.

Nthawi

Mukamawerengera nthawi yoyambira kulima mbande, muyenera kudziwa kuti zibzalidwe m'malo osakwanitsa masiku 30. Zowona, mukamagwiritsa ntchito miphika ya peat kapena mapiritsi, nthawi imeneyi imatha kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa chodzaza mizu sichikhudzidwa, koma simuyenera kuthamangira pankhaniyi. Chifukwa chake, mumafunikira mwezi umodzi ngakhale sabata kuti kumera mbeu. Ndipo popeza kufalikira kumunda wapakati zigawo zisanayambe chilimwe ndizowopsa, zinafika kuti nthawi yokwanira kufesa mbewu m'miphika ndiye kumapeto kwa Epulo.

Kufesa mbewu sikuyenera kuchitika pasanathe mwezi wa Meyi, kotero vwende ndi chikhalidwe cha "tsiku lalifupi". Mawuwa amafotokoza zikhalidwe za mbewuyo: kuti maluwa abwinobwino safunika nthawi yayitali kwambiri masana. Pakati pa Russia mu June dzuwa limawalira kwa maola 17, ndipo kwa vwende zimakhala zambiri. Zikakhala zotere, maluwa ochepa amapangidwa, amapukutidwa moyipitsitsa. Chifukwa chake zovuta: kumbali imodzi, nyengo zamatenthedwe amafunsidwa kuti azikokedwa ndi kufesa, koma mbali ina, vwende ziyenera kuphuka mofulumira, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa Juni.

Kumayambiriro kwa March kubzala pakati pa mseuwu kulinso kopanda ntchito: komwe mukabzala mbande mu Epulo? Kwakali kubotelwa mumulimu wakukambawuka. Pamawindo a March, zomera zidzakhala zofooka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yofesa ndiyosasangalatsa: yomaliza ya Epulo kapena yoyamba ya Meyi. Ngati kwatentha kale, mutha kuyika miphika yofesa mu wowonjezera kutentha, ngati masika sanakhazikike - kunyumba, pazenera.

Kufesa mbewu za mbande

Ndikwabwino kubzala mavwende a mbande nthawi yomweyo mu makapu osiyana, komanso maphikidwe a peat: kubzala m'bokosi lomwe lili ndi kuponya mbanje ndikotheka, koma kosafunikira, mavwende ndi kuwaika mopweteka. Kukula kwa poto kumachokera pa 200 ml. Lili ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi chilichonse, koma dothi lomwe limapezeka posakanikirana ndi zina liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lachonde. Mulingo woyenera ndi magawo ofanana a dothi lamchenga, mchenga, peat ndi humus.

Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu za vwende m'miphika zamtundu wa peat, chifukwa mbewuyo siabwino kuzibzala

Ponena za njere, ndibwino kuzigula pamalo otetezeka. Mukawatenga ku konkire yotsekemera yomwe idagulidwa chakudya, sizowona kuti chipambano chikhala chotsimikizika: wosakanizidwa amatha kugwidwa, ndipo mbewu zawo zimapatsa mphukira zamitundu yosamveka, ndipo m'malo mwa zipatso zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, mungayesere kena kena udzu kumapeto kwa chirimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, mavwende ogula amatha kubweretsedwa kuchokera kutali koma osayenerana ndi nyengo wamba.

Kuti musonkhe nthangala kuchokera ku zipatso zodziyimira palokha, muyenera kusankha mavwende oyipitsa komanso akuluakulu kwambiri.

Mbewu za pachaka siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito: zimapereka maluwa ambiri opanda kanthu, simungathe kupeza mbewu konse. Mbeu zabwino kwambiri ndizazaka 3 mpaka 6. Ngati chiyambi sichikudziwika, ndikofunika kupanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo tawo munjira yoyenera: gwiritsani theka la ola limodzi mumdima wa potaziyamu permanganate, ndiye muzimutsuka bwino ndi madzi. M'madera apakati, mbewu za vwende zimakhwimitsidwa ndikuyika mufiriji mutatha kupha disin usiku.

Nzika zina za chilimwe zimabzala mbewu zisanafesere, koma njirayi siyichita gawo lalikulu: nthawi zambiri ngakhale mbewu zowuma zimamera bwino.

Mbewu za Melon ndizofanana ndi nkhaka, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito

Mu mphika uliwonse, kunyowetsa dothi, kubzala mbewu ziwiri mpaka zitatu kuya, kenako chotsani mbande zina. Ndikofunika kuwaza mbewuzo ndi wosanjikiza ndi mchenga wowuma. Musanafike kumera, miphika imakhala yotenthetsedwa ndikuwaphimba ndi galasi kapena filimu yowonekera. Atangooneka mphukira (patatha pafupifupi sabata), matenthedwe amayenera kutsitsidwa kuti afike ku 16-18 ° C kwa masiku angapo, koma nthawi yomweyo ayenera kukhala opepuka.

Kusamalira Mbewu

Mbewu zikakula mpaka masentimita 2-3, ndikofunikira kusiya chomera chimodzi chokha mumphika uliwonse. Kutentha kwabwino pakamera mbande za vwende kumakhala pafupifupi 20 ° C masana ndi 15 ° C usiku. Kuthirira pansi pa muzu, pang'ono (nthawi 1 m'masiku awiri). Masana maola mbande azikhala pafupifupi maola 12. Ngati windowsill ikuyang'ana kumpoto, ndikofunika kuwonjezera kuwonjezera kumbuyo kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe.

Nyali yabwinobwino ya incandescent imagwira ntchito kwa vwende, koma ndi nyali zapadera kapena ngakhale ndi mawonekedwe owunikira owoneka bwino ali pafupi kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba awiri enieni, mbande zimafunikira kudyetsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ofooka wa feteleza wamavuto aliwonse, ngakhale kuti vwende limakumana bwino ndi zachilengedwe. Inde, sizoyenera kuvomereza kuti mubereke mullein mu nyumbayo, koma tsopano pali zida zina zopangidwa ndi feteleza wa organic zomwe zikugulitsidwa. Mbewu ikachedwa, pakatha milungu iwiri, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kubwerezedwanso.

Kale sabata yachitatu ya moyo, mbande zimayamba pang'ono pang'ono kubweretsedwa khonde ndikuzolowera mpweya wabwino. Poyamba ziyenera kukhala "theka" la theka la ora, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi. Mbande osachepera masabata anayi, wokhala ndi phesi lolimba komanso masamba asanu ndi amodzi a thanzi, ali okonzeka kumuthira.

Wokonzeka kubzala mbande ndi chomera chothandiza

Kuthira mbande m'munda

M'mabedi opanda pogona, mbande za vwende zitha kusokonekera pamene kutentha masana kwa 15-20 kukhazikitsidwa^zaC, ndi usiku - osati wotsika kuposa 6^zaC. Kumapeto kwa Meyi, boma loterolo limachitika kawiri kawiri mdera lapakati, koma vuto la chisanu usiku lidakalipobe. Chifukwa chake, ngati simungathe kudikirira sabata ina, mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa pamalo osungirako filimu kwakanthawi.

Ngati mbande yabzalidwa, ndipo matalala abwera, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa pogona ponyamula: ngakhale kutentha kwa zero kumawononga kwa vwende.

Kubzala mitengo sikutanthauza kuti malo aliwonse amathekera, komanso mwayi wowasamalira: mavwende ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi, kudyetsedwa, ndi kupanga tchire. Izi zimafuna kuti afikire kwaulere. Nthawi zambiri, kukhazikika koyenda kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtunda pakati pa mizere yosachepera 70-90 cm, komanso pakati pa tchire mzere - kuchokera 50 cm. Ngati pali malo okwanira pabedi, mavwende amabzalidwa malinga ndi chiwembu 120 x 60 cm.

Nthawi zina mtundu wamaluwa amapangidwa ndi mavwende: mozungulira ndi theka la mita imodzi, chomera chimodzi chimayikidwa pakati ndi 5-6 m'mphepete mwa bwalo.

Kubzala vwende ndikosavuta, muyenera kutsatira izi:

1. Kukumba mabowo akuya, onjezerani 2 kg ya humus kapena kompositi kwa iwo; sakanizani feteleza ndi nthaka ndikuthiririra bwino, kenako kukumba dzenje ndi scoop pa kukula kwa miphika ndi mbande.
   

   Feteleza ndi dothi liyenera kusakanikirana mosamala kwambiri.

2. Patulani mbande maola angapo musanabzale ndi madzi oyera.
3. Kuchokera pamiphika pulasitiki, pang'onopang'ono pangani mbewu ndi dothi, miphika za peat zibzalidwe kwathunthu.
   

   Mbande za miphika zimachotsedwa mosamala kuti zisawononge mizu

4. Bzalani vwende m'mabowo mulingo womwewo momwe udakulira kunyumba kapenanso kukwera pang'ono: sungathe kuzitsa mbewuzo.
   

   Zomera siziyenera kuyikidwa m'manda
5. Thirani mbande kuchokera mu mphika osasamba pansi, ndikuonetsetsa kuti chitsamba sichigwa kwambiri.
6. Ikani chodzalacho ndi dothi louma komanso chophimba kwakanthawi ndi spanbond.

Ngati nyengo ndiyotentha, mutha kuchita popanda pogona, koma chitetezo ku kuwala kowala kumafunikabe; mu nyengo zotere ndikofunika kuti mulch tchire ndi udzu wosenda.

Video: Kukula mbande za vwende

Kubzala mbewu za vwende m'mundamo

Pakati pa msewu, kufesa vwende molunjika m'mundamo sikumachitika kawirikawiri.Popeza nthawi yofikira ndi pakati pa Meyi, nyengo yotentha isanakhazikitsidwe, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu kuti ophukirawo adzafa ndipo chophimba chakanema ndikofunikira. Koma kubzala vwende mu wowonjezera kutentha kumayambiriro kwa Meyi ndi kale zotheka.

Kubzala vwende poyera

Popeza vwende silinafesedwe koyambilira, mundawo ukhoza kukonzedwa mu April, koma nthawi zambiri amayesa kuchita izi mu kugwa. Malowa amakumbidwa pafosholo yopanga bayonet, ndikupanga 1 m² chidebe cha manyowa owola kapena manyowa. Atatsala pang'ono kufesa, owazidwa pabedi la phulusa la nkhuni (mpaka 1 lita imodzi 1 mita²), sinthani nthaka ndi mbewa, makamaka ndi mlimi.

Kufesa mbewu ndikutheka pang'ono m'malo mobzala mbande, ndiye kuti, Meyi 20: nthaka panthawiyi yatentha kale. Mbewuzo zimaswa ndipo zimamera, kutentha kwenikweni kumayenera kubwera. Njira yofesa njofanana ndi yomwe pobzala mbande: mtunda wocheperako pakati pa mabowo mzere ndi 50 cm, pakati pa mizere - 70 cm.

Ndondomeko

1. Amapanga maenje ang'onoang'ono ndi scoop, kuwonjezera 1 tbsp kwa iwo. phulusa ndi uzitsine wa azofoska, sakanizani ndi kutsanulira ndi madzi ofunda.
   

   Azofoska ndi feteleza wofunikira wa mchere, koma kwa vwende ndikofunikira kutenga pang'ono

2. M'dzenje lirilonse mpaka lakuya pafupifupi 3 cm, mbewu za vwende 2-3 zimayikidwa.
   

   Mbewu ziwiri ndizosavuta kutenga: ndi zokulirapo
3. Patulani nyemba ndi nthaka, nkhosa, ndikuwaza ndi mchenga woyera.
4. Ngati nyengo yofunda sinakhazikike bwino, kuphimba bedi ndi spanbond.

Pambuyo pamasiku 10-12 (ndipo ngati kuli kotentha, ndiye koyambirira) mphukira zidzawonekera. Zikadziwika bwino kuti ndani wa iwo wamphamvu, mphukira umodzi umatsala chisa chilichonse.

Mbewu zimakhala bwino ndi chimanga, nyemba, radish, zitsamba zilizonse zonunkhira. Simuyenera kukhala ndi mbatata zapafupi ndi nkhaka. Pasakhale mitengo iliyonse yomwe imapanga shading yolimba. Nthawi zambiri mabowo okhala ndi mavwende amasinthana ndikubzala mavwende.

Kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha

Mavwende amakula m'malo osungira kutentha: njira ina ndi yosayenera, chifukwa chikhalidwe ichi chimafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo malo otenthetsera kutentha amatha bwino nthawi yozizira komanso koyambirira kwamasika. Kuti mukule mavwende, muyenera kusankha malo okukhalamo okwera omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa mita 2, apo ayi kugwiritsa ntchito madera awo kungakhale kowononga kwambiri. Chomera chilichonse chimafunikira malo ambiri, kotero mavwende mu mkhalidwe wowonjezera kutentha amabzalidwa mosadukiza, ndi garter kumiyala yamphamvu yomangidwa.

Kuti trellis isakhale gawo lalikulu la malo obiriwira, amayesa kuyiyika pambali yakutali. Chifukwa chake, mabedi a mavwende amakonzedwa mosapitirira 50 cm kuchokera kumakoma, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapanga zitunda mpaka 20 cm, momwe kufesa mzere umodzi kumachitika. Pakati pa mabowo, amayesa kukhalabe mtunda wosachepera 40 cm.

Mavwende obzalidwa pakhoma la wowonjezera kutentha, amakhala omasuka pamenepo

Mabedi amakonzedwa pasadakhale, koma mu wowonjezera kutentha nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isasinthidwe. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati, m'mbuyomu, gourds adakula pamalo osankhidwa. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri yobiriwira, yomwe imayenera kumera mavwende, imakhala ndi ma peat a mchenga komanso mchenga wabwino (3: 1), pomwe choko ndi azofoska (300 ndi 40 g pa 1 mita zimawonjezeredwa kuti zizichotsa mpweya)² motsatana). Ngati palibe peat, koma malo wamba ogwiritsidwa ntchito, amathiridwa feteleza monga momwe zimakhalira pabedi.

Kubzala mavwende mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikotheka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Njirayi siyosiyana ndi kufesa m'mundamo, sikofunikira kuphimba bedi. Kuwombera kumawonekera masiku 7-10, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba ndikofunikira kutsika kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha pang'ono (mpaka 16-18^zaC)

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti nyumba yobiriwira siyitentha usiku.

Chisamaliro cha Melon

Kusamalira mbewu kumakhala ndi zochitika zofananira za kulima: kuthirira, kulima, kuphatikiza umuna. Kuphatikiza apo, zitsamba za vwende ziyenera kupangidwa kuti zithetse mbewu: monga lamulo, zipatso zambiri zimamangidwa, ndipo masamba owonjezera safunika. Kusamalira vwende mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kunja ndikosiyana.

Kulima vwende wakunja

Mavwende safuna kuthirira pafupipafupi: amafunikira mpaka chomera chikakula, kenako - pokhapokha nyengo yowuma. Asanakhazikitse zipatso, monga lamulo, vwende zimamizidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Ndikofunikira kuti madzi asazizire: Madzulo limatenthetsedwa bwino m'ma bar. Kubwera kwa zipatso, kuthirira kumachitika pang'ono, ndipo mavwende akakula mpaka kukula, ndiye kuti amasiya.

Ngakhale zikwapu sizinadzaze malo onse auvula, mvula ikagwa kapena kuthirira, kulima mosazama kumachitika ndikuchotsa namsongole. Mphepo zamtundu zikangoyamba kuwonekera, mavwendewo amayang'ana pang'onopang'ono. Adyetseni:

• Masiku 10-15 pambuyo pakukula,
• Pamaso pa maluwa oyamba,
• kumayambiriro komwe kwadzaza zipatso.

Zopangira feteleza siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa mullein ndi kuwonjezera phulusa. Ngati mukukula kwa zipatso ndikupezeka kuti imodzi yokha yaizi imakulira kukula, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kuwonjezeredwa.

Kudulira koyenera kwa vwende, komwe kumakhala ndi mphukira, kuchotsa mizere ndi zipatso zowonjezera, ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zitangoonekeratu kuti mbande zayamba bwino kuzika mizu ndikuyamba kukula, kutsina mphukira yake pamwamba. Pakupita masiku angapo, mphukira zam'mphepete zimayamba kukula, koma zochuluka kwambiri, ndipo muyenera kusankha ziwiri zolimba, ndikuchotsa zina zonse. Ana okulera osakwatiwa amawonongeka mwadongosolo.

Kudulira kulikonse kwa vwende kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mphukira ndi zipatso

M'mitundu yambiri, zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatsozo ndizosiyana, ndipo, m'malo mwake, zimatsina pambuyo pake zimapangika masamba atatu pa iwo, chifukwa mbewu yayikulu imapangika pa tsinde lalikulu.

Ngakhale chisamaliro mosamalitsa, chitsamba cha melon sichidyetsa zipatso zoposa 6 (ndipo zazikuluzikulu - zidutswa ziwiri zokha), kotero zina zonsezo ziyenera kuperekedwa nsembe. Popeza mbewu za vwende sizimawonetsedwa kawirikawiri pamtunda wotseguka, ndibwino kuyika plywood kapena mitengo yaying'ono pansi pa chipatso chilichonse kuti mavwende asakhale pamtunda popanda kuvunda ngati mvula.

Zochitika zapadera mu greenhouse

Mu wowonjezera kutentha, kupukusira kwanyengo kumawonjezeredwa ku zochitika zonse pamwambapa. Mlengalenga watsopano, tizilombo touluka timachita izi, zomwe sizimawoneka malo otetezeka. Zachidziwikire, ngati wowonjezera kutentha ali ndi mpweya wabwino (ndipo ayenera kuchita izi), njuchi zimatha kuwuluka, koma pamenepa sizingachitike mwangozi. Chifukwa chake, mwiniwakeyo asankhe maluwa amphongo angapo (aja okhala phesi yayitali), adule matulowo ndikuwakhudza kangapo mkati mwa maluwa achikazi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika tsiku loyamba kapena ziwiri pambuyo poti maluwa aimuna atamera mpaka mungu wazungulira.

China chomwe chimasamalira mavwende mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikuwakula pa trellis kuti apulumutse malo. Itha kukhala zitsulo zilizonse zokhazikika zomwe zikwapu za melon zimamangiriridwa (iwo eni sakakwera pamwamba). Popeza mavwende okucha amatha kugwa, iwo (atatha kukula kwa apulo wamba) amaikidwa mumakoma aliwonse omwe ali omangidwa ku trellis.

Maukowa amafunikira kuti vwende lisawonongeke

Mu wowonjezera kutentha, kudulira kumachitika pang'ono: zipatso zowonjezera pamenepo sizimangiriza kapena kufa msanga. Ndikofunikira kuti musamadzaza madzi: chinyezi chochulukirapo chobiriwira chimakhala chikuwoneka ndi matenda.

Kanema: mavwende akalowa mu greenhouse

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mitundu yamakono yambiri ya mavwende amatsutsana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, ndipo nthawi zambiri okhalamo a chilimwe samalabadira nthawi ino konse. Komabe, pali zovuta zina zomwe zimabweretsa ngozi:

• Poweka poyambira amawoneka choyamba pamasamba, kenako amapitilira kumitengo. Chizindikiro chowoneka bwino ndi mawanga oyera oyera, ofanana ndi ufa. Masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikugwa. Ngati nkhaniyi yapita kutali, zipatso zimadabwitsidwa. Kupewa matendawa kumakhala kusungitsa mosamala masamba onse ambewu ndikutsata ukadaulo waulimi. Pankhani ya matenda, kukonzekera kwa salfa ya colloidal kumathandiza;
  

  Powdery mildew ndi kovuta kuzindikira: masamba ali ngati owazidwa ndi zokutira zoyera

• mawonekedwe a azitona amawoneka pamasamba mawonekedwe amtundu wama brownish, pazomwe zimapangidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Zikafika pamtengowo, mawanga amawoneka, amasintha mwachangu kukhala zilonda zakuda. Kupewa ndikulimbana ndi kuwona ndi chimodzimodzi ndi powdery mildew. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi matenda oopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a Bordeaux ndikotheka;
  

  Masamba a maolivi akakutidwa ndi masamba

• Anthracnose amawoneka ngati malo akuluakulu achikaso achikasu pamasamba, zimayambira ndi zipatso. Posakhalitsa mawanga amasanduka pinki. Makamaka nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka ndi chinyezi chadothi ndi mpweya, womwe umawonedwa makamaka m'malo obiriwira. Matendawa akapita patsogolo, mbewu zimafa. Kusamalira bwino minda, matenda ndi osowa, komanso mawonekedwe ake, kuphatikiza kukonzekera kwa sulfure, 1% yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza lingathandize.
  

  Ndi anthracnose, mitengo yamtundu wama pinki imawonekera pazipatso

Ma aphoni a vwende ndi ma kangaude ndizizilombo zowopsa za vwende. Samasokoneza zipatso, koma amawononga masamba, akuyamwa timadziti. Popeza kuwonongeka kwamasamba kumayambitsa kufa, mbewuzo sizilandira michere yochuluka ndipo mwina zimatha kufa. Kupewetsa kuukira kwa tizirombo ndi kusinthana kwakanthawi kwa mbewu m'munda ndi kudziwongolera kwa udzu munthawi yake. Zilombo zingapo zikaonekera, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito karbofos kapena yankho lamphamvu la soapy.

Mvumbi aphid amayamwa chomera chomera

Pakati pa tizirombo zazikulu, mbalame ndizofunikira kutchulidwanso, makamaka akhwangwala, omwe amaswa gawo lalikulu la mbewuzo zakupsa.

Kututa ndi kusunga

Pakatikati yapakati, mavwende akuyembekezeredwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa Julayi. Kuti zipse kwambiri, amazitembenuza ngati nkotheka ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana padzuwa. Ndikosavuta kudziwa kukula kwa vwende pakama kuposa chivwende: panthawi yakukula, amapeza mawonekedwe amitundu, ndipo nthawi zambiri ngakhale osadula fungo lokoma. Ngati vwende sanakhwime pang'ono, ndibwino: kucha kwake kudzapitilira nthawi yoyamba panthawi yosungirako. Koma zipatso zosakonzekera bwino sizoyenera kutola: sizingafikire kucha, koma zimangosowa. Simungasiye mavwende m'mundamo kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi yokhazikika: mukakhwiyitsanso, mitundu yambiri imasweka, pambuyo pake imakhudzidwa mwachangu ndi mbalame ndi tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana.

Mavwende amadzidulira pamodzi ndi peduncle kutalika kwa 4-5 cm. Ndikofunika kuti muzisunga mosiyana ndi zipatso ndi masamba ena. Mitundu yambiri yomwe imalimidwa m'chigawo chapakati sichitha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mavwende akachedwa amatha kusungidwa pansi pazoyenera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Izi ndiye, choyambirira, kutentha kochepa (1-3 ° C) ndipo osati chinyezi kwambiri (70-80%).

Kukula vwende yabwino pakanjira yapakati sikophweka: mitundu yambiri ilibe nthawi yakucha. Koma pakati pa kucha pali mitundu ndi ma hybrids omwe amapereka zipatso zokoma kwambiri. Wokhalamo chilimwe akuyenera kukhala oleza mtima, chifukwa ndikofunikira kukulira vwende kudzera mu mbande, komanso m'munda kuti uzisamalira mwadongosolo. M'mikhalidwe yotere, m'madambo ndizotheka kudzisangalatsa ndi zipatso zonunkhira.