Nthawi zina eni ake amatha kuona kuti mbalame zimayamba kudwala. Mbalame zingapo zodwala zingathe kupha gulu lonse. Nthaŵi zambiri, ndi coccidiosis, matenda opatsirana omwe amayenera kupezeka ndi kuyimitsidwa mwamsanga, chifukwa akhoza kupha.
Tidzadziwa zomwe mbalamezi zimachita, mbalame zake ndi zizindikiro zotani.
Ndi matenda otani
Coccidiosis - Ichi ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha coccidia, protozoa. Coccidia, kulowa m'thupi la njiwa, imayamba kuchulukana mofulumira, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a m'mimba. Gawo la coccidia limachoka m'thupi limodzi ndi ndowe, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena.
Mukudziwa? Kufufuza kwa DNA kunasonyeza kuti mbalame yotchedwa dodo yatha ndi ya banja limodzi ngati njiwa. Achibale oyandikana kwambiri komanso achikhalire a mbalame ya dodo ndi Nicobar nkhunda, mbadwa za Nicobar Islands (Southeast Asia).
Matendawa amayambitsa enteritis m'matumbo a m'mimba, kutanthauza kutupa kwa m'mimba maselo a m'mimba ndi kutsegula m'mimba.
Matendawa amakhudza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame, kuphatikiza nkhuku ndi nkhuku. Nkhuku zaulimi zimatayika kwambiri chifukwa cha matendawa, chifukwa nkhuku ndi mbalame zazing'ono zimawopsya. Nkhuta zazing'ono zoposera masabata atatu kapena nkhunda zazikulu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kudwala matendawa.
Coccidiosis ingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa gulu la njiwa, omwe mamembala awo sakhala nawo kale. Matendawa amafalikira mofulumira kumalo ozizira ndi amvula. Kuopsa kwa kachilombo kumawonjezeka ngati njiwa ili yakuda kapena chipinda chilibe mpweya wokwanira.
Coccidiosis ikhoza kulandira akalulu, broilers, nkhuku, nkhuku za nkhuku.
Mbalame yosavuta kwambiri yowonongeka mwa mbalame ndi coccidia ya mtundu wa Eimeria, yomwe imadziwika m'magulu kapena mitundu:
- E. tenella;
- E. acervulina;
- E. wapamwamba;
- E. necatrix;
- E. mivati;
- E. praecox.
Matenda osiyanasiyana a protozoa akhoza kuwononga mbalame ndi zinyama zosiyanasiyana: nkhunda ndi nkhuku, agalu ndi amphaka, komanso ng'ombe.
Mukudziwa? Nkhunda zimatchuka chifukwa cha luso lawo loyenda bwino. Pamene akuuluka, amagwiritsa ntchito dzuŵa komanso kumverera kwapakhomo kwawo monga kutchulidwa, mtundu wa "makina amphamvu" omwe amawatsogolera ku dovecot yawo. Kafukufuku wa pa yunivesite ya Oxford anasonyeza kuti angagwiritsenso ntchito zizindikiro, misewu ndi misewu yayikulu monga zizindikiro, ngakhale kusintha kayendetsedwe ka ndege pamtunda ngati kuli kofunikira.
Kodi matendawa amapita bwanji?
Pambuyo pomeza mazira a coccidia (nkhuku) ndi njiwa, zigawo zawo zowonjezereka zimawononga mazira a m'mimba. Pasanathe masiku 4-7 mutatha matenda, njiwa imayamba kutulutsa oocysts.
Pali mitundu iŵiri ya coccidiosis:
- Chofala kwambiri mawonekedwe opatsirana (kapena subclinical) mawonekedwe. Pambuyo pa mbalameyi ikamangoyamba nkhumba zing'onozing'ono, njiwa zimakhala ndi chitetezo ku matenda chifukwa cha kuyambitsa njira zowatetezera (popanda zizindikiro zooneka za matendawa). Chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chimapitsidwanso ndi kudya oocysts ang'onoang'ono, mbalame zimakhala bwino ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimawateteza ku chitukuko chachikulu cha m'mimba.
- Chiwombankhanga chowoneka bwino cha matendawa - Coccidiosis weniweni - imapezeka pamene ana a nkhunda ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, kutentha ma oocysts ambiri, kapena pamene chitetezo cha nkhunda zakale chimachepetsedwa kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zovuta.
Kutenga nkhunda kungabwere kudzera m'mimba, madzi oledzeretsa, mbalame, nyama, tizilombo, ngakhalenso anthu. Mbalame zambiri zimakhala ndi chitetezo cha matendawa kuchokera ku matenda oyamba, okhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi (mwazing'ono).
Nkhuku zowopsa, koma nkhunda zikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi kachilombo zingathe kufalitsa magawo opatsirana a coccidia mu chilengedwe ndi zitosi. Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi angathe kubwereranso ndi coccidia popanda kupanga zizindikiro za matendawa.
Matendawa amapezeka pamene njiwa zimagwira matenda (achinyamata kapena omwe sanatenge kachilombo ka HIV) akutsutsidwa ndi zivomezi zambiri.
Mukudziwa? Nkhunda zimatha kumva bwino. Amamva nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi kumva kwaumunthu, chifukwa amatha kumva mvula yamkuntho ndi mapiri.
Zizindikiro
Mbalame zimadwala matendawa, zizindikiro za matendawa zikuwoneka patatha masiku 4-8 kuchokera pa matenda.
Zizindikilo sizowona kuti ndizowononga matenda, koma izi ndizo:
- chosokoneza pose;
- nthenga zopunduka;
- Kutsegula m'mimba kapena kuphulika kwa mucous;
- kuwomba nthawi zonse;
- ziwalo;
- kuperewera kwakukulu kwa thupi;
- Kusagwirizana bwino kwa kayendetsedwe ka nthaka pansi ndi mlengalenga;
- kufooka ndi kugona;
- kutupa kwa cloaca;
- malo amagazi kumadera ozungulira cloaca;
- kuchepetsa kukula kwa mutu.
Ndikofunikira! Sikoyenera kupanga kuyeretsa konyowa kapena kutsuka pansi pa loft, monga ma coccidiosis oocysts amayamba mofulumira m'madera otentha ndi ozizira. Kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa zinyalala za zinyalala zimapangidwa bwino ndi khungutly.
Ngati mlimi akukayikira za coccidiosis, muyenera kuonana ndi veterinarian nthawi yomweyo kuti athandizidwe, monga momwe matendawa aliri, ndikofunika kudziwa momwe akudziwira ndikuyamba mankhwala mwamsanga. Kuzindikira kwa matendawa kumachokera ku zizindikiro zamakono, ma laboratory akuyesa zinyenyeswazi ndikutheka kuti ultrasound ikuyesa m'mimba makoma.
Mmene mungachiritse nkhuku za coccidiosis
Coccidiosis ikhoza kupha mbalame. Imfa imayamba chifukwa cha kutaya kwa electrolyte chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi. Mwamwayi, coccidiosis ingachiritsidwe kokha kumayambiriro kwa matendawa.
Mlimi wamkuku akhoza kuganiza kuti mankhwalawa amatha kutuluka pokhapokha ngati zinyalala zowonongeka zikuonekera, makamaka mbalame zazing'ono kapena pakapita nthawi yamvula. N'zotheka kudziwa molondola matendawa mutatha kuyeza zinyontho pansi pa microscope.
Mukudziwa? Nkhunda zophunzitsidwa zimatha kuyenda mofulumira kufika 177 km / h ndikuuluka maulendo ataliatali chifukwa cha minofu yabwino ya pectoral. Minofu yamphongo yambiri pamapositi imabweretsera zowerengera za magawo atatu mwa kulemera kwake kwa mbalame.
Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha coccidiosis, ndikofunikira kudzipatula wodwalayo kuchokera ku mbalame zina. Apo ayi, matendawa akhoza kufalikira mofulumira ndipo amafa kwa gulu lonse. Kuchedwa koyambirira kwa chithandizo cha munthu wodwala matenda nthawi zambiri kumapindula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amalepheretsa chitukuko chosavuta. Kawirikawiri amadyetsedwa ku nkhunda kudzera mu chakudya kapena madzi akumwa.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira ndi njira yothetsera matenda a Toltrazuril Coccidiocide, yomwe imangokhala mkati mwa matumbo. Izi sizilepheretsa nkhunda kuthawa, choncho mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosamala pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya anthu. Chidachi chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa kuswana ndi molting.
Mlingo ndi Chithandizo
Mlingowo ndi 1 ml pa 2 malita a madzi mu botolo lakumwa, perekani chithandizo kwa masiku 2-3.
Mankhwala ochizira matenda a coccidiosis mu nkhunda nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ndi odwala matendawa komanso kudya mavitamini. Kawirikawiri, "Trivitamin" kapena mafuta a nsomba amaperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala a coccidiosis, chifukwa mankhwalawa amachititsa chisokonezo cha m'matumbo a miche ndi matumbo.
Pezani momwe nkhunda zingadwale, momwe mungapezere nkhunda, mavitamini ndi abwino kupereka nkhunda kuposa kudyetsa njiwa ndi nkhunda zazikulu, momwe mungasunge nkhunda m'nyengo yozizira.
Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ataphunzira bwinobwino. Chithandizo chobwerezabwereza chingayesedwe. Maselo a ziweto zoyenera ayenera kutsukidwa bwino tsiku ndi tsiku ndiyeno atetezedwe mwadzidzidzi kuti asamabwezeretsenso.
Kukhalanso bwino pakapita mankhwala opatsirana mankhwala kungadziwike pamene ma oocysts osamalidwa sakupezeka muzinyalala panthawi ya kuyesa ma laboratory.
Matendawa amathandizidwanso ndi mankhwalawa:
- Zoalin;
- "Coccidin";
- "Furagin";
- Baycox.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalame anapeza kuchokera ku nkhunda zina, Ndikofunika kuti munthu azipatula kwaokha kwa masiku osachepera 10-12 ndi mankhwala opatsirana. Ngati izi sizichitika, matendawa amatha kufalitsidwa kuchokera ku gulu limodzi la njiwa kupita ku lina.
Kupewa
Njira zowonongeka zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi khoccidiosis mu nkhunda. Kuyika mbalame mu maselo amodzi omwe amalepheretsa kupeza zinyama zina zimathandiza kwambiri kuthetsa kufalikira kwa coccidiosis.
Ngati makompyuta sangagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuchita momwe mungathere kuti musapititse patsogolo magulu opatsirana a coccidia. Pansi pa nkhunda ayenera kukhala simenti kapena konkire, ayenera kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera ku zinyalala ndi broomstick. Sizowonjezera kusamba pansi pa dovecap, monga coccidia ikukula mwamsanga kumalo ozizira.
Nthawi zonse kutetezedwa kwa disinfection kumalo onse a chipinda kumalimbikitsidwanso. Ndikofunika kuti matanki a chakudya ndi madzi akumwa akhale ndi mapangidwe omwe amalepheretsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mukudziwa? Sikuti zokhazokha zokhazokha ndi zokhulupirika kwa wina ndi mzake. - nkhunda zimakhala zokha, zokhazikika kwa banja lawo ndipo zimatha kukhala pamodzi mpaka zaka 20.
Zimalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza khansa pofuna kupewa. Mbalame zonse ziyenera kupatsidwa mwezi umodzi isanayambe nyengo yobereka. Komanso amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala othandiza oyamba kumene. Nkofunika kuti mlimi wamkuku adzalangizidwe kuchokera kwa veterinarian ponena za mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala a nkhumba za nkhunda.
Kuteteza coccidiosis:
- Ayenera kusungirako chipinda cham'mwamba kapena dovecote mu nthaka youma ndikukhala oyera;
- peŵani kukhudzana ndi chakudya ndi zitovu ndipo nthawi zonse muzichitira zinyama zolakwika;
- Sikoyenera kulola mbalame kuti zimwe madzi ochokera m'mitsinje kapena matope a matope;
- Musalole kukhudzana ndi chakudya ndi madzi ndi makoswe;
- Kudzipatula kwa mbalame zatsopano kwa milungu ingapo ndiloyenera, popeza ndilo cholinga chachikulu cha kufalikira kwa Coccidiosis;
- Njiwa zomwe zimabwerera kunyumba pambuyo paulendo wautali wautali ziyenera kulandira chithandizo choteteza nthawi yomweyo pakubwerera;
- Mazira a mazira ayenera kutetezedwa mwadzidzidzi mlungu uliwonse.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire nkhuku ya nkhunda, momwe mungamangire dovecote.
Pamene coccidiosis imapezeka mu nkhunda, chithandizo chiyenera kuyamba mwamsanga. Funsani ndi veterinarian ndipo mupite kuchipatala. Mutatha kuchipatala, mbalame zanu zidzakhala zathanzi komanso zogwira ntchito.
Pigeon coccidiosis: kanema
Momwe mungachitire mankhwala a nkhuku: ndemanga
SergeiM akulemba kuti:
Kapena ndi bwino kumwa ???
Madzi
Baycox imagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi ndondomeko yoyenera - imasonyezedwa m'mawu okonzekera.
7mg / kg kwa masiku awiri ndi kubwereza pambuyo pa masiku asanu masiku ena awiri.
Mlingo wa Baycox mu 0.1 ml pa nkhunda ndi yachibadwa. Koma kuti mupereke kwa mulomo wosadziwika ndi nkhanza, Baikoks yochuluka ndi yosavuta kwambiri kwa mbalame ndipo idzalavulira mwamphamvu. Zingakhale bwino kuti muchepetse 0,1 ml wa bikocox ndi saline kapena rehydron kwa 1 ml ndikupereka ndalamazo kwa mbalameyi.
Komanso tsiku lotsatira.
Kenaka mpumulo - masiku 5 ndi masiku awiri akuloledwa.
Dipatimenti imayenera kulumikizana ndi moyo wa coccidia, ndipo ndi masiku 7 mpaka 9.
Masiku awiri akuloledwa, kupuma kwa masiku asanu ndi masiku ena awiri akuloledwa - kungokwanira masiku asanu ndi atatu.
Kwa masiku asanu, mkombero wathunthu sudzadutsa ndipo "coccidia" yatsopano idzawonekera pambuyo pa chithandizo ndikudzichiritsa okha. Awa akadali malingaliro anga, monga akunena "ku mulu" ku zonsezi.
