Tragopan: momwe amawonekera, kumene amakhala, zomwe amadya

Ambiri oimira a m'malo ambiri Fazanov banja amadziwika ndi zochititsa chidwi maonekedwe. Palibe chosiyana ndi Tragopanov, yomwe ilipo mitundu isanu. Mbalame zokongolazi zimakhala ndi moyo wabisika ndipo sizidziwika pang'ono pano. Nkhaniyi idzakuthandizani kuphunzira za zizoloŵezi za anthu otchedwa tragopans kuthengo, komanso zodziwika za zomwe ali nazo mu ukapolo.

Kufotokozera ndi maonekedwe

Mitundu yonse isanu ya mtundu wa Tragopan ili ndi zizoloŵezi zofanana, zomwe ndizo:

• Amuna ndi akazi akunja mosiyana (kugonana kwachiwerewere);
• Amuna ndi aakulu (kulemera kwa pafupifupi 1.5-2 makilogalamu), amitundu yobiriwira, amayang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yofiira, yofiira ndi yakuda, pali zizindikiro zina (ma-tufts, spurs, etc.) omwe salipo mwa akazi;
• Mayi ali aang'ono (pafupifupi 1-1.5 makilogalamu), mtundu ndi wodzichepetsa, makamaka mithunzi ya bulauni;
• Thupi la mbalamezi ndi lalikulu, losalala;
• Pamutu mwa amuna ndi minofu, nyanga-ngati kukula, mlomo ndi waufupi, maso ndi a bulauni, mutu wa amuna akuluakulu amakomedwa ndi tuft;
• khosi la mbalame zonsezi ndi lalifupi, pammero a amuna ali ndi zikopa za khungu zofiira ngati mawonekedwe;
• miyendo ndi yayifupi; spurs ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi amuna;
• mapiko akuzungulira;
• mchirawo ndi waufupi kapena wausinkhu wofiira, wofanana ndi mphete pambali.

Mitundu ya zovuta

Monga tanena kale, mitundu ya Tragopanov ikuphatikizapo mitundu isanu. Timafotokoza mwachidule makhalidwe omwe ali nawo.

1. Blackhead kapena western tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) - Wamphongo amadziwika ndi kapu yakuda pamutu pake, wokhala ndi thumba lofiira. Palibe nthenga pamasaya ndi m'deralo pafupi ndi maso; malo a khungu amakhala ofiira kwambiri. Gawo la khosi ndi gawo la chifuwa ndi lofiira, koma mmero ndi mdima wabuluu. Nyanga zotentha pamutu zili zamtundu. Thupi lonse liri lalikulu lakuda ndi mawanga oyera ndi ofiira. Mtundu wa zikazizi uli ndi maonekedwe a bulauni, imvi ndi ofiira ndi mabala oyera. Kulemera kwa mwamuna ndi 1.8-2 makilogalamu, akazi - 1.3-1.4 makilogalamu.
2. Burobryuhi kapena tragopan Cabot (Tragopan caboti) - Amuna ali ndi chipewa chakuda pamitu yawo ndi tufe wakuda ndi lalanje. Mutu wa mutu woyang'ana maso ndi mlomo uli wopanda nthenga ndipo uli wobiriwira wa lalanje. Chifuwa ndi mimba ndi zoyera zoyera, thupi lonse liri lofiirira, lokhala ndi zingwe zoyera ndi malire akuda. Mtundu wa akazi ndi wofiira kwambiri ndi zofiira. Kulemera kwa mwamuna ndi 1.2-1.4 kg, akazi amalemera 0,8-0.9 makilogalamu.
3. Mottled kapena Tragopan Temminka (Tragopan temminckii) - ambiri amaona kuti mtundu umenewu ndi wokongola kwambiri m'banja lonse la Fazanov. Pamutu mwa amuna muli duwa lakuda-lalanje ndi kukula kwa buluu-nyanga. Kuchokera kummero kumapangidwe kochititsa chidwi kwambiri kofanana ndi ma lapels, buluu ndi turquoise okhala ndi mawanga ofiira. Palibe nthenga pamaso, khungu ndi lofiira. Thupi lina liri ndi nthenga zofiira kapena zofiira zakuda ndi zofiira zoyera mu chimango chakuda. Zilombozi zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi 1.3-1.4 makilogalamu, kulemera kwake kwazimayi ndi 0.9-1.0 makilogalamu.
4. Serobryuhy kapena Tragopan Blyth (Tragopan blythii) ndilo lalikulu kwambiri loimira mtundu uwu. Amunawa ali ndi tufi yofiira kwambiri ndi mzere wakuda pamutu, mbali yam'mbuyo ya mutu ndi yachikasu ndipo alibe nthenga. Khosi ndi chifuwa zimakhala zofiira, mimba imatuluka imvi, mbali zina za thupi ndi zofiira, zofiira ndi mawanga oyera. Mtundu wa akazi umakhala wofiira ndi bulauni, zakuda ndi zoyera, mimba yawo imakhala imvi. Amuna amalemera 2.1 kg makilogalamu, akazi amalemera 1.5 makilogalamu.
5. Tragopan satyra, iye ndi wachimwenye. Mutu umakongoletsedwa ndi tchisi chakuda chakuda ndi mawanga akuda, komanso kukula kwa nyanga. Dera lozungulira maso ndi lambala limakula pamphuno ndizosazizira komanso zofiira. Chifuwacho, mbali ya khosi ndi kumbuyo ndi zofiira, zophimbidwa ndi zingwe zoyera m'mphepete wakuda. Kumbuyo kuli bulauni ndi malo ofanana. Mkaziyo ali ndi mabala ofiira a bulauni ndi mawanga wakuda ndi ofunika. Kulemera kwa amuna ndi makilogalamu 1.6-2, akazi amalemera 1-1.2 makilogalamu.

Kumakhala

Mbalamezi zimakonda nkhalango zam'mapiri, zomwe zimakula pamtunda wa mamita 1,000 mpaka 4,000 pamwamba pa nyanja. M'madera otsatirawa a Asia muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• mutu wakuda umakhala kumadzulo kwa Himalayas, kumadera a India ndi Pakistan;
• Kuwombera kumapezeka kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa China;
• Mbalamezi zimapezeka ku Bhutan, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India, ku Tibet, m'chigawo chapakati cha China, komanso kumpoto kwa Vietnam;
• Miyoyo ya sulfure imapezeka kum'maŵa kwa Bhutan, kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa India, kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Tibet;
• Satyr amakhala ku Nepal, kumpoto chakum'maŵa kwa India, Tibet, Bhutan, ndi kum'mwera kwa China.

Ndikofunikira! Pa mitundu yonse ya anthu amtunduwu, boma la anthu a satyr, ophthalmic, ndi bur-belly sada nkhawa. Chiwerengero cha serobryukhs ndi blackheads ndizochepa ndipo zimachepetsa kuchepa. Zinthu zikuwonjezereka chifukwa chakuti mitunduyi imadalira kwambiri malo okhalamo ndipo sabala bwino mu ukapolo.

Moyo ndi khalidwe

Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi moyo wabisika ndipo ndi amanyazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziwona kuthengo. Amakhala m'mapiri a mapiri omwe ali ndi nkhalango zowirira, amakhala m'mabwinja kapena pamtunda, nthawi zambiri amakhala okha, panthawi yochepetsera amapanga mapaundi, nkhumba zing'onozing'ono zimatha kuziwona pa nthawi yokalamba ya anapiye. Zinyama zonse zimagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Nthaŵi zambiri amadikirira kutentha pansi pamthunzi wakuda.

Mbalameyi sichitha kusuntha, koma imatha kupita kumadera amodzi, koma imatha kuyenda ulendo wautali, makilomita angapo. Kusamukira kumadera akutali kungatheke pokhapokha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa nyengo. Anthu akuluakulu amayang'anira anapiye mpaka atakhala odziimira okhaokha.

Masiku ano, pakati pa nkhuku, zodzikongoletsera zikuwonjezeka kwambiri: zinziri, pheasants, nthiwatiwa ndi mbalame za guinea.

Chimene chimadyetsa

Mitundu yonse isanu imadyetsa kawiri pa tsiku: m'mawa ndi madzulo, kale madzulo. Nthawi zina, amatha kudyetsedwa masana, koma ndi mitambo yokha. Iwo akufunafuna chakudya ponse pamtunda ndi m'mitengo ndi zitsamba. Idyani makamaka zakudya: zipatso, zipatso, acorns, mphukira za zomera, masamba, mbewu, masamba. Nthawi zina amadya tizilombo, nyongolotsi, nkhono, ndi zina zotero.

Kuswana

Zikuganiziridwa kuti anthu onse oterewa amakhala osagwirizana, ngakhale kuti mitundu ina yokhala ndi mitundu imodzi imakhala yokayikitsa. Amuna amayamba kulankhula mu March, kulembedwa kumamveka maminiti 10-15, nthawi zina kwa maola ochuluka tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuwonjezera pa kukanika, iwo, pofuna kukopa akazi, amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: onetsetsani, agwedeze mitu yawo, atsegule mapiko awo, muwagwetse pansi, nthenga zowonongeka, zikaniza pamutu ndi kukula pamutu. Atakhazikika kumadera ena, amunawa panthawiyi amatha kukwera mpikisano, ndipo nthawi zambiri nkhondo zimathera ndi kuvulala ndipo nthawi zina ndi imfa ya amodzi.

Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "tragopan" likuganiziridwa kuti limachokera ku mawu achigriki a Trago, omwe amatanthauza "mbuzi" ndi Pan ndi dzina la mulungu wakale wachi Greek. Ndipo chifukwa cha kukula pamutu, mofanana ndi nyanga, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "horas pheasants."

Nthawi yaukwati ikhoza kupitirira mpaka June. Mbalamezi zimapanga zisa zawo pamagulu, m'mabowo kapena pa foloko. Kupanga zisalazo pogwiritsa ntchito udzu, nthambi, masamba, nthenga, moss. Tragopan ikhoza kukhala ndi zisa za mbalame zomwe zimasiyidwa, nthawi zambiri zowononga kapena corvids. Kawirikawiri, akazi amakhala pakati pa maira awiri ndi asanu. Makina awo amatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, akazi amakhala chisa, amuna amawadyetsa. Zinawonedwa kuti pamene mazira akuphwanyidwa ndi akapolo aakazi, nthawi zina amalowetsedwa mu clutch ndi amuna. N'zotheka kuti izi zimachitika kuthengo.

Nkhuku zimabadwa bwino kwambiri, patangopita masiku ochepa atayang'ana, zimatha kuchoka kumalo osiyanasiyana. Mkaziyo amatha kusamalira anapiye ake mpaka atatha kudyetsa ndi kuwuluka mothamanga.

Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti tigule nkhuku okha kuchokera kwa obereketsa, makamaka amatola awiriwa. Ngati banja liri losavuta, zomwe zimakhala choncho ndi ogulitsa dzanja lachiwiri, ndiye mwamuna wamwamuna nthawi zambiri amamenya mkaziyo kuti afe. Ngati pa nthawi yofunsira, mwamuna amakhala wamwano kwa mkazi, ndiye nthawi zambiri amang'onongeka ndi phiko limodzi, ndiye amalephera kupeza mkazi.

Kodi n'zotheka kukhalabe mu ukapolo

Osakhala ndi mavuto mu ukapolo, zovuta, zophimba, ndi mabala a mimba. Mitundu ina imabereka mavuto ambiri. Odyetsa amanena kuti mbalame za ukapolo zimazoloŵera kwa anthu, osathawa, akhoza kutenga chakudya m'manja mwawo ndikukhala pamapewa a anthu. Kuwasunga iwo muzitseko, ndi chaka chonse. Nyama iyi imapangitsa kuti nyengo yozizizira ikhale yozizira, ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti izi zizikhala kuwala kwa dzuwa, choncho malo okhala dzuwa ayenera kuperekedwa mosalephera.

Kumanga khola la nkhuku, phunzirani kupanga nkhuku, nkhumba, bakha, nyumba ya nkhunda, nyumba ya nkhuku, komanso nyumba ya abakha a indoutok ndi mandarin ndi manja anu.

Zimakhulupirira kuti kuchepa kwapang'ono kwa malo osungidwa kwa tragopan ndi pafupifupi masentimita 40 mamita. m Komabe, pali zitsanzo za bwino yokonza awa Fazanovs kwambiri kwambiri odzichepetsa malo ozungulira ndi dera la 5-10 lalikulu mamita. M. Mulimonsemo, musanayambe mbalame zoterezi, ndibwino kuti muwone momwe angakhalire osamalira.

Mbalame za mbalamezi zimakonzedwa pamtunda wa mamita 1-1.5 pamwamba pa nthaka. Zojambula kapena mabasiketi amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zisa. Maziko a zakudya ndi amadyera, zipatso (mabulosi akuda, akulu, mapiri phulusa), masamba (tomato, kaloti, kabichi), zipatso zimakonda kwambiri. Zosakaniza za tirigu zimalimbikitsidwa kupatsidwa mosamala, monga mbalame ikhoza kuchepa ndi kufa. Nkhuku zimapatsidwa grated yophika mazira, finely akanadulidwa letesi, otsika mafuta ndi osakhala wowawasa kanyumba tchizi. Ndibwino kuti alowe zakudya zawo komanso mphutsi zawo.

Choncho, anthu amtunduwu, omwe ali m'gulu la okonzeka okongola kwambiri a Fazanovs, ndi ovuta kwambiri kuona momwe zinthu zilili, makamaka amakhala m'mapiri omwe sitingapezeke. Chifukwa cha ichi, moyo wawo mpaka lero sunafufuzidwe bwinobwino.

Kuphatikiza pa zoopsa, mbalame ngati pheasant imakhalanso ndi oimira Fazanovs. Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino mitundu yabwino ya pheasants, komanso kuganizira makhalidwe a golidi, eared ndi white epheasant.

Mwamwayi, mitundu ina ya anthu amtundu wapamwamba adaphunzira kubereka ku ukapolo, kotero alimi amatha kuyesa kulandira mbalame zokongola.

Video: Temminka tragopan m'mabiri a DonZoo