Mphesa Violet koyambirira: momwe mungakhalire ndi mawonekedwe osinthika

Mphesa Violet woyamba kutchuka kuyambira nthawi za Soviet. Kuchokera kwa iwo kuti amapangabe vinyo wotchuka wa Muscat Steppe Rose. Zipatso zimakhala ndi fungo labwino loyambirira lomwe limatikumbutsa fungo la maluwa. M'madera azigawo zamasamba, mitunduyi ilibe mtundu wofanana. M'malo akulu amadzala ngati osaphimba. Violet m'mbuyomu ali ndi zabwino zina, koma palinso zovuta zomwe zimafunikira kuganiziridwa mukamakula.

Mbiri ya Vine Yoyambira

Malo omwe anabadwirako haibridi ya Euro-Amur ndi mzinda wa Novocherkassk, dera la Rostov. Kupezeka kuchokera kupukutidwa kwa mitundu: Kumpoto ndi Muscat wa Hamburg. Ntchito yosankha idachitika ndi akatswiri a All-Russian Research Institute omwe adatchulidwa ndi Soviet agrobiologist Y. I. Potapenko. Kubzala mbewu kudakhala pakati pa ena mu 1947. Pempho lolembetsa a Violet koyambirira kwa State Register of Plants lidasankhidwa mu 1957. Mphesa zinalowa mayeso osiyanasiyana am'boma ndipo patatha zaka 8, mu 1965, zidaphatikizidwa m'kaundula wazosankhidwa. Madera ovomerezeka - Otsika Volga ndi North Caucasus. Amakulidwa m'magawo ena, koma nyengo zosiyanasiyana, wosakanizidwa samawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwake komanso zipatso zake.

Mphesa Zopukusa koyambirira-kakang'ono, koma chokoma kwambiri, chamafuta komanso onunkhira

Mphesa zoyambirira zidakondana ndi alimi ambiri chifukwa cha kudzipatula kwake, chisanu, chisakanizo, zipatso komanso zipatso zabwino za zipatso za nati. Mukapanikizika, kuchuluka kwa msuzi ndi 84% mwa kulemera kwa chipatsocho! Mphesa ndizabwino ngati gome, kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano, komanso zida zopangira winemaking.

Zosiyanasiyana ndizotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti nthano zimapangidwa za komwe adachokera komanso zokambirana zimachitika pamapulogalamu. Mutha kupeza zonena za Violet koyambirira kwa Voronezh. Wolemba amatchedwa M. Abuzov, yemwe amapanga mabuku, ma atlase ndi zolemba zolemba pamanja. Palinso Violet yachitatu koyambirira, yotchedwa Levokumsky. Mwina chifukwa chili mu mawonekedwe a masamba a mpesa a mitundu iyi. Ndizosiyana kwambiri, ndipo omwe amapanga vinyo, ndikupeza kusiyana pamaziko awa, yesetsani kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi "Institement" ya Violet oyambirira.

Kanema: kuunikira mphesa Violet koyambirira (Julayi, Voronezh)

Kufotokozera kwa kalasi

Chinthu choyamba chomwe msimi aliyense amasamalira mukamasankha mbande ndiye mtundu ndi zipatso zomwe adzalandire. Zipatso zoyambirira za mphesa za Violet zimakonda kupsa patapita masiku 134 mutaphukira. Ngati kasupe anali m'mawa, chilimwe chimakhala chotentha, ndiye kuti zipatso zoyamba zimatha kulawa pambuyo masiku 120. Ndipo mosiyana ndi izi, mu msewu wapakati komanso madera ena okhala ndi chilimwe mwachidule komanso ozizira, mphesa izi mwina sizipsa. Zipatso zimayimbidwa koyambirira kwa Seputembala, ndipo chifukwa cha vinyo nthawi zambiri amapachika pamipesa kwa masabata ena awiri a 2-3. M'malo olima pachiwopsezo panthawiyi pali kale chisanu.

Zipatso ndizochepa - 2-3 g iliyonse, m'malo othirira - mpaka 5-6 g. Ubwino wabwino wamitundu mitundu ndikuti umabala zipatso popanda kuthilira, koma tchire limakula. Kusintha masango kumafunika. Peel pa zipatsozo ndi wofiirira wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda, wokutidwa ndi utoto wonyezimira wa buluu.

Mkati mwa zipatso zakuda za Violet koyambirira kumakhala mnofu wowonekera, msuzi wochokera kwa iwo umalowetsedwa wopanda utoto

Ngakhale utoto wozama chotere kunja, thupi mkati limawonekera, msuzi wake ndi wopanda mtundu. Kununkhira ndikosangalatsa, kokoma, ndi fungo labwino la maluwa. Bulosi aliyense ali ndi mbewu 2-3. Magulu amakula pafupifupi masentimita 17 kutalika, kulemera mpaka 200 g. Mawonekedwe mkati mwa cylinder, akukoka pamwamba, nthawi zina amakhala ndi mapiko (nthambi yakumbuyo). Burashi ndi lotayirira, motero ndikothekera kusankha kapena kudula zipatso imodzi nthawi ndi phwando pachitsamba mwachindunji.

Masango ofiira amitundu ina, nthawi zina okhala ndi mapiko

Masamba, malingana ndi kufotokozera kwa omwe ali ndi vinyo, amawagawa kapena kudula pang'ono, kuzungulira kwathunthu, kwathunthu, kosalala kapena yosalala, masamba atatu kapena asanu. Kusiyanaku konse kumatha kuwonekera ngakhale pachitsamba chimodzi. Ngakhale malinga ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku State Record, tsamba liyenera kutambasulidwa kwambiri pang'onopang'ono pang'ono pansi.

Violet amayesetsa kubzala mbewu mozama. Komabe, masango ndi ochepa kwambiri nthawi 2-3 kuposa mphukira zopatsa zipatso zazikulu. Monga gawo la kusintha kwa mbewu, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zichotsedwe, apo ayi nthawi yakucha imakulitsidwa, masango akuluakulu adzakula ndikukula pang'onopang'ono.

Kanema: Violet akhwima msanga, masango kumapeto kwa stepons

Ubwino ndi zovuta za Violet koyambirira poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina (tebulo)

Zomwe zikukula mphesa Violet koyambirira

Maonekedwe a chisamaliro makamaka amatengera mawonekedwe a mitundu: yendetsani bwino, yowonjezera ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, dothi lotsika limathandizira kubzala. Palibenso chifukwa chokumba maenje akuluakulu ndikuwadzaza ndi dothi lotayirira. Ndipo, m'malo mwake, kusakhazikika kwa ufa wa powdery (oidium) kukufunika kuti muwononge nthawi yambiri m'munda wamphesa kuti mupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Koma podziwa zofooka, ndizosavuta kuzungulira osataya zokolola.

Mphesa zoyambirira za Violet ndi zopyapyala komanso zokwawa, koma mbewuzo zimakhazikika pa iwo, chifukwa chake ma trellices amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mwamphamvu

Tikugoneka Zoyambirira Zoyambirira

Ngakhale kuti mitunduyo ndi yosasangalatsa, imakula bwino dothi, komabe, ndiyofunika kulabadira chifukwa chodzala. Kupatula apo, kusankha malo ndi malo okonzekedwa moyenera kale ndi theka. Kumagawo akum'mwera, sikofunikira kusankha malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa kwambiri kwa haibridi woyamba. M'munda wamphesa waukulu, momwe mitundu yambiri imamera, malo abwino amapatsidwa mitundu ya mochedwa ndi yayikulu zipatso.

Ngati munagula mmera mumbale kapena kapu, mutha kuwabzala kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala, komanso ndi mizu yotseguka mu kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira. Konzani mpando m'milungu iwiri:

1. Kumbani dzenje lakuya ndi masentimita 50-60.
2. Pansi pake, ikani zigawo zoyambira 10 cm: njerwa yosweka, dongo lokulitsidwa kapena tizidutswa tating'ono ta nthambi.
3. Sakanizani lapansi kuchokera kumtunda kuchokera kumtunda kapena masentimita 30 pamwamba kapena peat, humus, mchenga wofanana.
4. Onjezani 0,5 l wa phulusa ndi 40-50 g wa superphosphate kudzenje limodzi.
5. Sakanizani zonse bwino ndikudzaza dzenje ndi osakaniza.

Dzenje lokwanira kupangira mphesa: kuya kwa fosholo ziwiri za bayonet, ngalande zimayikidwa pansi

Ngati mupanga dzenje dzulo, masiku 1-2 musanabzalire, kenako ndikuthira kuti nthaka ipitirire ndikuwonjezera zosakanizika zina zadothi. Patatsala tsiku limodzi kuti mubzale, mbande mumanyowa mulinso kuthiridwa bwino, ndipo ndi mizu yotseguka, ikani mizu mu yankho la Zircon (madontho 40 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Patsiku lobzala molingana ndi ndondomeko ya 1x1.5 m, kukumba mabowo ofanana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya mbande, chomera, madzi ndi mulch. Ngati mukufuna kukula, ngati chophimba, wopanda tsinde, ndiye kuti mmera uyenera kuzamitsidwa kuti ukhale woyamba ku thunthu. Mitengo yokhayo yosinthira yokha ndiyotsalira pamtunda, yomwe nthawi yachisanu imatha kupindika ndikugona pansi.

Vidiyo: Oyambirira olakwitsa oyamba kumene

Mabasi

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, mphukira zokulira imatha kumangirizidwa pamitengo yayitali, koma pofika nyengo yotsatira mudzakhala trellises wodalirika komanso wokhazikika, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera mapaipi achitsulo, adzafunika. Kudulira kumalimbikitsidwa mchaka, masamba asanatseguke. Monga momwe owonjezera vinyo ambiri awonera, mipesa yosadulidwa ili yozizira bwino.

Pafupifupi mapangidwe a Violet - mikono 4

Njira ziwiri zopangira Purple Violet zimachitika:

• Chovala 4 chopanda tanthauzo ndi pogona nyengo yachisanu.
• Cholimbirana dzanja ndi chosalimidwa. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 1.2 m.

Kupanga masitampu a mphesa: m'mikono iwiri (chithunzi chapamwamba), m'mikono 4 (chithunzi chapansi); mphukira zobala zipatso zimakhala pansi, osamangidwa, ngati mawonekedwe osalala

Tchire la Violet limakhala ndi mphamvu yakukula pang'ono, koma zokolola zimakula kwambiri, osatulutsa maso asanu ndi limodzi pamanja, ndi masango 1-2 pa mphukira iliyonse.

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa Purple koyambirira

Thirirani tchire pachaka chodzala kamodzi pakadutsa milungu iwiri ndi itatu, koma zochuluka (zidebe ziwiri) pachomera chilichonse pokhapokha kugwa mvula. Sikoyenera kudzaza mabowo ndi mbande, madzi adzachotsa mpweya kuchokera mu dothi, mizu yake imavunda. Munda wamphesa wopatsa zipatso umafunika kuthirira:

• m'ngululu, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokukula, koma kokha ngati chisanu sichikuyembekezeredwa m'masiku akubwera;
• pamaso maluwa;
• munthawi yomwe zipatso zimamera mpaka kukula kwa nandolo.

Mlingo wothirira - malita 50-70 pansi pa chitsamba. Zipatsozi zikafika kukula kwake, patatsala sabata limodzi kuti ayambe kudontha, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa. Koma awa ndi malamulo apadera, pochita, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe mbewu yanu iliri, nyengo yake, komanso ngakhale kulingaliridwa ndi nthaka.

Kanema: njira ziwiri zothirira mphesa (zobwezera dontho) ndi ngalande)

Ngati tchire lasiya kukula pasadakhale, kapena ngati kuli chilala, ndiye kuti kuthirira kowonjezera ndikofunikira. Dothi losalala silimadutsa madzi, koma mumchenga, m'malo mwake, chinyezi sichitha, muyenera kuthira mphesa 1.5 nthawi zambiri. Komabe, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumayambitsa kukoka kwa michere, zizindikiro za chlorosis - chikasu cha masamba - zimatha kuwoneka pamipesa. Vutoli limathetseka mosavuta ndi ntchito ya feteleza.

Choyambitsa chlorosis ndikusowa kwa michere; matendawa amakula pamtunda wamchenga womwe umaloleza madzi ndi madzi kudutsamo

M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira mutabzala, simuyenera kuthira mphesa. Amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi chakudya chokwanira chomwe chadzetsa dzenje. Koma ngati pali zizindikiro zakukhazikika, mwachitsanzo, mmera umakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa ena, ndiye kuti umatha kudyetsedwa ndikufanizira ndi chitsamba chachikulire.
Gawo lalikulu la feteleza limagwiritsidwa ntchito yophukira pamlingo wa: 10-16 makilogalamu a humus kapena kompositi ndi 200-300 g wa phulusa la nkhuni pa chomera chilichonse. Bwereranipo kuchokera pachitsamba 50 cm ndikulipiritsa kwakuya masentimita 25. Falikirani wogawana humus, ufa ndi phulusa, madzi ndikuyika poyambira.

Mukangotulutsa maluwa, masabata awiri musanafike maluwa komanso nthawi yotentha, zipatsozo zikamera kukula kwa nandolo, perekani chakudya chambiri kuchokera ku mullein:

1. Kuchepetsa kuwira ndi madzi 1: 3.
2. Ikani malo otentha kuti yankho limayamba kupsa.
3. Pakatha sabata, kupesa kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mavalidwe apamwamba, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1: 5.

Thirani ndowa ziwiri za kulowetsedwa pansi pachitsamba chimodzi. Ingogwiritsani pansanja yonyowa, ndiye kuti, pezani kuvala kwapamwamba ndi kuthirira. Pambuyo masiku atatu, fumbi pansi pansi patchire ndi phulusa (200-300 g pansi pa chitsamba) ndikumasuka.

Nthawi yomweyo ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, phulusa siliyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Alkali amakumana ndi nayitrogeni kuti apange ammonia wosakhazikika. Zakudya zambiri zimasuluka.

Kanema: Mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba a mphesa okhala ndi ma microelements

Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo

Musadikire kuti kuwonongeka kwa mphesa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, chitani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera ku oidium ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi mafangasi, ndikokwanira kuchita zinthu ziwiri zamankhwala (kasupe ndi yophukira) ndimakonzekero okhala ndi mkuwa, mwachitsanzo, HOM (40 g pa 10 l) kapena 1% ya Bordeaux yamadzimadzi. Pukutsani bwino mphukira zonse ndi masamba, komanso nthaka pansi pa tchire. Masamba achikasu, owuma, omwe mawanga amang'amba ndikuwotcha.

Kanema: njira yoyendetsera mphesa ku matenda ndi tizirombo ndi mankhwala amakono (Ukraine)

Kuyambira tizirombo mpaka maluwa pamasamba ndi kugwa, mutakolola, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana: Aktara, Karbofos, Aktelik, ndi zina. Masamba asanafike pachimake, aliyense zaka 3-4, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la Nitrafen. Mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo nthawi yomweyo.

Chifukwa chiyani mphesa zosapanga chisanu zimabisala kumwera

Ngakhale wosakanizidwa uyu samalimbana ndi chisanu kwambiri ndipo wakula kumwera, opanga ma vesi akulangizidwa, komabe, kuti asunge nyengo yachisanu. Chotsani mipesa ku trellis, ndikuyiyika ndikuphimba ndi nthaka yotayirira. Mphesa zosafunidwa nthawi yozizira zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi mvula yamadzi oundana. Kukhazikika kumagwa kutentha kwa subzero, mipesa imakutidwa ndi ayezi wosalala. Pansi pa kulemera kwake amatha kuthyoka.

Zotsatira za mvula yozizira - mphukira imakutidwa kwathunthu ndi ayezi wosalala

Choopsa china: ayezi amasungunuka, madzi amalowa pansi pamiyeso ya impso ndi kuzizira pamenepo. Gawo la impso lawonongeka. Simungathe kuthyola ayezi, izi zizibweretsa zowonongeka zambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti musakhale pachiwopsezo ,akulani mphesa pamalo okuta ndikutchinjiriza ku nyengo yozizira.

Kanema: kusungira mphesa zokhala ndi mphasa

Kututa ndi kukonza

Mphesa zimakololedwa pofiirira koyambirira, kumene, mu nyengo youma. Dulani maburashi ndi lumo ndikuwayika m'mabokosi osaya, omwe pansi pake amaphimbidwa ndi pepala. Pakusonkhanitsa, yesetsani kuti musakhudze zipatso kuti musawononge phukusi la sera pamwamba pawo.

Dulani muluwo ndi lumo, musawonetse ndi zipatso, koma ndi nthambi

Original violet ndi mphesa yapadziko lonse yoyenera mitundu yonse yokolola ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano. Zipatso zazing'ono, zimatha kupukutidwa, ndipo kuzizira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ayezi ndipo monga chokongoletsera: ikani magalasi kuti muziziritsa vinyo, cognac, champagne, cocktails. Koma zochuluka za mbewu zimayamba kupanga timadziti ndi ma vin. Zipatso za mphesa izi ndi zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira, koma msuziyo umasowa mtundu ndi acidity. Chifukwa chake, opanga ma winem ndi omwe amaphatikiza kuphatikiza: popanga mphesa imodzi yamapu a 2 mamapu amatengedwa. Ma spin-ups nawonso samatayidwa, phala lonunkhira limakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo ndikukhazikika mu grappa ndi brandy.

Vinyo wofiila wa Muscat steppe wapangidwa kuyambira 1965 ndipo amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa zoyambirira za Purple zomwe zimamera ndi VNIIViV im. Potapenko

Ndemanga za mphesa Purple koyambirira

Nthawi zingapo, anabzala izi. Kwa chilimwe china, adapeza powdery mildew (oidium), achotsa mitunduyo. Koma, chaka chino pakulawa ku Voronezh, atalawa vinyo, nthawi yomweyo amatenga zidutswa za mitundu iyi. Tsopano zikukula. Vinyoyu ndi wachilendo, ndipo wamphamvu, ndimakoma, ndi nati. Ndikukulangizani kuti muyambe, koma sungani sprayer ...

Akovantsev Mikhail

//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=124

Kalasi yabwino Violet molawirira. Zipatso ndi zokoma kwambiri, zimatha kudyedwa mwatsopano ndipo vinyo amatha kupanga, vinyo ndi wabwino, makamaka mchere.

yurr

//kievgarden.org.ua/viewtopic.php?f=55&t=270&start=20

Zachidziwikire, izi ndizosiyanasiyana zokoma, zoyendetsera chilengedwe, ndipo chokoma chimadwaladwala. Mwana wakhanda amamukonda ndikumudya, ndipo monga momwe mbalame zimamukondera, samasankha mitundu yonse. Ndinaumitsa vinyo, chaka chino ndikupanga limu yondipaka mchere wambiri.

saratov

//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=124

Chaka chatha ndidayesa munda wamphesa maulendo awiri, ndipo chithandizo ichi Violet sichinapweteke chilichonse. M'chaka chatha ndidapopera 1 nthawi, komanso sindinadwale

Zaulimi wa Rostov

//www.you tube.com/watch?v=NFCcgUvWXC0

Adawombera Purple oyambirira, ma kilogalamu 11 kuchokera ku tchire tating'ono. 9 kuchokera kuchitsamba chimodzi ndi ziwiri kuchokera kwina. Madzi ake ndi okongola!

Vadim kuchokera ku Rostov

//lozavrn.ru/index.php/topic,1188.75.html

Mphesa Zoyambirira Zapsa zikuwonetsa zokolola zake komanso kukhwima koyambirira kumadera akumwera. Apa imakulidwa bwino pamtunda wolemera komanso malo otsetsereka amtundu uliwonse. Fomu yophimba yosakhazikika imakondedwa kotero kuti ndizotheka kuyika mipesa yozizira ndikutchinjiriza motsutsana ndi icing.Kuphatikiza apo, hybridyi amafunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo. Ntchito yonse imalipira ndikutulutsa zipatso zokoma ndi onunkhira zomwe zimapita kukonzekera kwa nthano ya mandineg.