Masamba oyambira ndi zipatso sizokoma kwambiri nthawi zonse, koma ndizomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri. Thupi likaphonya ichi kapena chinthu chachilengedwe, sichimawona chobisika, osati kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe kuti chikondweretse kwambiri. Koma nthawi zambiri mitundu yoyambirira yamasamba imakhala yabwino. Pakati pa tomato, amodzi mwa mitunduyi ndi Shuttle, yomwe imabala zipatso zokongola kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa phwetekere yotentha: Makhalidwe ndi madera omwe amalimidwa
Mitundu yakucha ya phwetekere yakucha koyambirira idaphatikizidwa mu State Record of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation mu 1997. Mwapadera, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa panja. Madera atatu adafunsidwa kuti ailime: Pakati, Volga-Vyatka ndi West Siberian. Komabe, imabzalidwa m'malo obisalamo, osati mwa zigawo zokha. Wamaluwa akudziwa bwino wamaluwa osati ku Russia kokha, komanso m'maiko oyandikira, mwachitsanzo, Ukraine, Belarus ndi Moldova.
Shuttle ndizosankha zingapo zapakhomo: idawerengedwa ku All-Russian Research Institute of Seed Production and Selection of Vegetable Crops. Kulembetsa boma kumayesa kugwiritsa ntchito minda yanyumba ndi minda yaying'ono. Uku ndi phwetekere yakucha, kucha kwake kumakhalapo patatha masiku 82-121 atatuluka, ndiye kuti, pakati pakatikati, tomato woyamba amapsa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa June, pambuyo pake zipatso zimapitilira mpaka zipatso.
Chitsamba cha Shuttle ndichoponderetsetsa kwambiri, chowongoka, kutalika kwa 40-45 masentimita okha, nthambi yake ndi yofooka, tsamba lamasamba ndi pafupifupi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhale yabwino kwa iwo omwe amakhala ndi chilimwe; okonda ena amakulitsa ngakhale pa khonde. Masamba ndi obiriwira amtundu wakuda, kukula kwake kukula, glossy. Ma inflorescence ndi osavuta: woyamba wawo amapezeka pamwamba pa tsamba la 6 kapena 7, kenako tsamba lililonse 1 kapena 2.
Tchire silifuna kumangiriza, koma ngati zokolola ndi zazikulu, alimi ambiri amamuthandiza.
Shuttle ndi mitundu yopanda chidwi. Imachepetsa chisamaliro, imapereka zokolola zabwino ngakhale nyengo yamvula komanso nyengo yozizira, ndi imodzi mwamitundu yodziwika ya ku Siberia. Komabe, chiwopsezo chake cha matenda, kuphatikiza mochedwa, ali pamlingo wamba. Chifukwa cha tsinde wandiweyani (ndipo Shuttle ndi mbewu yabwino), imayenda ndi magawo othandizira, ngakhale zokolola zambiri sizikugwetsa tchire.
Mitundu ya Shuttle imawonedwa kuti ndi superdeterminant: sizifunikira mapangidwe ndi kutsina konse, ndipo chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwake ndi kukhazikika m'malo, zipatso zimatenthedwanso bwino padzuwa. Popeza tchire limatenga malo pang'ono, nthawi zambiri limabzalidwa: masentimita 35 mpaka 40 aliwonse. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zozizira kwambiri kotero kuti zimatha kudalidwa m'nthaka yosatetezedwa, ngakhale kumadera kumpoto. Komabe, ambiri wamaluwa omwe akufuna kukula kwambiri mbewu zoyambirira, zitsulo zotsekedwa m'malo obisalamo.
Zipatso za phwetekerezi zimapangidwa m'misango patchire. Zokolola zonse ndizapakatikati, koma zabwino kwambiri zamitundu yoyambira: ziwerengerozo ndizambiri 4-5 kg / m2mbiri - 8 kg / m2. Kucha zipatso kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
Maonekedwe a chipatso chake ndichosangalatsa, sichofala, motero Shuttle ndiosavuta kuzindikira pakati pa mitundu ina ya tomato. Amakhala ndi zokutira, ndi mphuno pamwamba, nthawi zina amati "ngati tsabola." Palibe chotupa, mtundu wa zipatso zakupsa ndiwofiyira owoneka bwino, m'zipinda za mbewu 2 kapena 3. Tomato amakhala osalala, akulemera 25-55 g, chifukwa chake amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati mawonekedwe atsopano, komanso kupanikizika kwathunthu.
Zipatso zolemera mpaka 150 g zimafotokozedwa, koma kuti zitheke, kuyesa mbewuyo ndikofunikira.
Guwa ndi lamtundu, lokoma. Kununkhira, kwatsopano komanso kumatidwa, kumawoneka kuti ndi kwabwino, ndipo kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala kumapangitsa kuti Shuttle igwiritsidwe ntchito mu chakudya cha ana. Mbewuyi imayendetsedwa bwino ndikusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali: kwa masiku angapo popanda firiji, kusintha kwakunja ndi kuwonongeka kwa kukoma sizinadziwike.
Maonekedwe a Tomato
Iwo omwe amadziwa mitundu yambiri ya tsabola wowoneka bwino amatha kufotokozera bwino phwetekere. Amanenanso kuti kapangidwe kazipatsozo kamafanana ndi chotsekeracho. Koma ndi alimi angati amakono adamuwona?
Mitundu ya zipatso imakhala yabwino kudulira mphete
Pa tchire, mutha nthawi yomweyo kuwona zipatso zamipikisano yosiyanasiyana yakukula ngakhale mitundu yayikulu, popeza zipatso za Shuttle zimatambasulidwa nthawi.
Zipatso za Shuttle zimatambasulidwa, kotero mutha kuwona tomato wamtundu wosiyanasiyana pamtchire nthawi yomweyo
Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana
Palibe chabwino, ndipo tikamangowerenga ndemanga mwachangu za china chake, lingaliro limatsimikiza kuti izi sizowona. Zowonadi, phwetekere ya Shuttle ili ndi zolakwika, kuphatikizapo zazikulu kwambiri. Koma mosakayikira, ali ndi zabwino zoonekeratu. Mwachitsanzo:
- kukana kuzizira kwa mitunduyo: Inde, tchire lidzafa mu chisanu, koma mbewuyo imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri, ngati madontho ake akuthwa, mosavuta;
- kusowa kwa kakhazikidwe komanso kumanganso chitsamba: ntchito yonse pankhaniyi imangokhala kuchotsa masamba ochepa pomwe zipatso zimakula;
- chabwino, kwa giredi yoyambirira, zokolola;
- kukoma kwabwino kwambiri kwa kucha koyambirira;
- kukula kwa zipatso, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kumalongeza kumabanki wamba;
- cholinga cha mbewuyo, kayendedwe kabwino ndikusungidwa kwatsopano;
- Kukula kwa zipatso: kuyambira kucha mu June, mbewuyo ikupitilira mpaka chisanu.
Mwa zina mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadziwika kwambiri:
- kukana kochepa kwa matenda;
- kutsika kwa zokolola ngati kuzizira pa maluwa ambiri;
- kuchuluka acidity chipatso;
- Kuchepetsa kwakomakomedwe pakuwotcha.
Zabwino zake, mosakayika, zimaposa zoyipa, chifukwa chake Shuttle imakhala ndi mbiri yoyenera komanso yosatsutsika pakati pa alimi amateur ambiri m'dziko lathu. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera ku phwetekere zina zoyambirira zina, zomwe zili, mwa mawonekedwe zipatso: si mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati tsabola. Ndikosatheka kuwona izi ngati mwayi, koma pali ambiri okonda tomato: ndiwosavuta kudula mphete, mwachitsanzo, masangweji. Zipatso zotere zimawoneka zokongola pamatafura achikondwerero. Fomu ya phwetekere ya De Barao ndiyofanana, koma mitunduyi siili yoyambayo.
Chipatso cha De Barao chimawoneka pang'ono ngati Dropship, koma ndi mtundu wamkati wamasamba omwe umamera pachitsamba chachitali.
Ngati titasokoneza mawonekedwe, ndiye pakati pa tomato woyamba kucha, Shuttle ndi imodzi yabwino, kupikisana bwino, mwachitsanzo, ndi White Bulk kapena Betta. Mitundu yonseyi imakhala ndi zokolola zofananira, kukana matenda, ndi kukoma kwa zipatso: ngati, Mwachitsanzo, kudzazidwa koyera kumapambana pang'ono posadzindikira, ndiye kuti Shuttle mu elegance, ndi Betta mosasamala. Kwenikweni, pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi ma hybrids a phwetekere, ndipo wolima mundawo amasankha yekha zomwe amakonda.
Zambiri zaukadaulo waulimi
Shuttle ya Tomato ndi yosasamala kwambiri, chifukwa chake, nkovuta kuzindikira zazikulu zamaluso ake poyerekeza ndi mitundu yofananira ya tomato. Monga tomato onse, imakula makamaka kudzera mbande. Kufesa mwachindunji m'mundamu ndizotheka kumadera akum'mwera okha, monga Krasnodar Territory kapena Astrakhan Region.
Kubzala Tomato Shuttle
Ngati tirikulankhula za gawo lalikulu la dziko lathu, nkhawa za mbande za chivomerezo cha phwetekere zimayamba mu Marichi. Pali okonda kufesa mbewu m'miphika kale muFebruwari, koma izi ndizoyenera pokhapokha ngati nyumbayo ili ndi mwayi wowunikira mbande, ndipo kukula tomato akuyenera kukhala wowonjezera kutentha. Inde, kufesa mbewu mpaka mbande kunyumba kukaibzala m'mundamo kumatenga miyezi iwiri. Izi ndizomwe tiyenera kukumbukira mukamawerengera nthawi yomwe kufesa mbewu.
Mukabzala mbande pabedi, kutentha kwa nthaka sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 14 zaC, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kugwa kwambiri pansi pazomerazi. Mwachitsanzo, machitidwe a Chigawo cha Moscow, kukhazikika pansi popanda pobisalira kumatha kumapeto kwa Meyi, komanso kumadera ndi zigawo za Siberia koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Chifukwa chake, kuyambika kwa vuto la kubzala mbande kumagwera theka lachiwiri la Marichi: mwachitsanzo, m'chigawo cha Central Black Earth kuzungulira 15, kumpoto chakum'mwera - m'masiku omaliza omaliza.
Njira yokonzekera mbande imaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi.
- Kukonzekera kwa mbeu (izi zitha kukhala calibration, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuumitsa, kumera). Wokonza mundawo aganiza kuti achite zonse zomwe achite: mbewu zabwino zibzalidwe ndi zouma, komanso zodabwitsika - ndibwino kuyendetsa zochitika zonse pamwambapa. Mbewuzo zimasungunuka ndikugwedezeka mu 3% yankho la sodium chloride, pambuyo pake osamizidwa zimatayidwa. Menya mankhwala osamba a mphindi 20-30 mu njira yakuda ya potaziyamu permanganate. Amakonda kupukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa kwa masiku 2-3 mufiriji. Phukira mu nsalu yomweyo mpaka mawonekedwe a mizu yaying'ono.
Kumera kumamalizidwa kumera michira yotalika mamilimita
- Kukonzekera kwa dothi. Kapangidwe kake bwino ndi peat, humus ndi malo abwino otetemera amatengedwa chimodzimodzi. Phulusa la nkhuni zingapo limawonjezeredwa mumtsuko wa zosakanikazo, kenako dothi limatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuthira njira ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate. Mutha kugula dothi losakanizika ndi dothi, simuyenera kuchita chilichonse nalo.
Pogula dothi m'sitolo, ndibwino kuti musankhe yomwe imanena za tomato
- Kubzala mbewu m'bokosi. Mutha, inde, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumakalata anu, koma ndibwino kuti muyamba mukabokosi kakang'ono kapena m'bokosi, kenako ndikabzala. Kutalika kwa dothi kosachepera 5 cm, mbewu zakonzedwa (kapena zouma) zimayikidwa m'mapango omwe anakhetsedwa ndi madzi akuya pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita, kusunga mtunda wa pafupifupi 2,5 cm pakati pawo.
Bokosi lililonse losavuta ndiloyenera kufesa mbewu.
- Kupirira kutentha. Pambuyo pa masiku 4-8 (kutengera kukonzekera ndi kutentha), mphukira zimayenera kuwonekera m'bokosi lophimbidwa ndi galasi, kenako kutentha kumachepetsedwa mpaka 16-18 ° C, ndipo kuwunikirako kumapatsidwa kwakukulu kwambiri (mawonekedwe akumwera kwazenera ndikwabwinobwino mu Marichi). Pambuyo masiku ochepa, kutentha kunakwezedwa kukhala kutentha kwa chipinda.
Ndikofunikira kuti mbande zikhazikike bwino kuyambira ola loyamba
- Kutola: kochitidwa mu siteji ya 1-3 ya timapepalati. Tomato amabzala m'mbale osiyana kapena m'bokosi lalikulu; kumapeto kwake, mtunda pakati pa mbewu ndi pafupifupi 7 cm.
Njira yabwino ndiyo kupatsa mbewu iliyonse poto wa peat
Kusamalira mmera kumakhala kuthirira pang'ono ndipo mwina, 1-2 kudyetsa ndi yofooka njira iliyonse yovuta ya feteleza (malinga ndi malangizo ake). Komabe, ngati mbewuyo ili yabwinobwino, simuyenera kuthira manyowa: mbande zonenepa sizabwinonso kuposa zomwe zakula mu nyengo yokondwerera. Kwa masiku 10-15 obzala m'mundamo, mbande nthawi zina zimatengedwa kupita kumweya watsopano, kuzolowera mbewuzo kumlengalenga komanso kutentha kochepa.
Sikoyenera kuyembekezera kuti tchire limera kutalika: ku Shuttle, ngati chilichonse chili bwino, mbande zimakula, zolimba, zomwe sizimaposa kutalika kwa 20-22 masentimita ndi miyezi iwiri .. Ndikofunikira kuti pali tsinde komanso masamba owala; chabwino, ngati pa nthawi ya kumuika m'munda ochepa masamba apanga.
Kubzala mbande m'munda kumachitika ndikuyamba kwa nyengo yofunda. Ndipo ngati adabzala m'nthaka yosatetezeka pakatikati pa Shuttle kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndiye kuti mu wowonjezera kutentha - masabata 2-3 m'mbuyomu. M'matenthedwe - ngati mbande yakonzeka. Ndikofunikira kuti mpweya ndi nthaka zizitenthedwa.
Malo otseguka a tomato amasankhidwa kotero kuti amatsekedwa chifukwa cha chimphepo chamkuntho komanso kuwala bwino. Ngati ndi kotheka, bedi lakumunda limakonzedwa mu kugwa, ndikubweretsamo kuchuluka kwa feteleza wachilengedwe ndi mchere. Tomato amafunikira makamaka phosphorous, kotero, Mlingo wofunikira ndi chidebe cha humus, ochepa phulusa la nkhuni ndi 40 g ya superphosphate pa 1 mita2.
Momwemonso, bedi lamtunda limakonzedwa mu greenhouse. Zowona, Shuttle sangatchedwa phwetekere wowonjezera kutentha. Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha sikothandiza: mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali, ikakhala, ngati kuli kotheka, voliyumu yonse yoperekedwa, ndipo sipadzakhala malo pamwamba pa Shuttle. Koma alimi ena omwe amakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana amabzala zitsamba zochepa zobiriwira kuti azisangalatsa ndi zokolola zoyambirira.
Shutupu imabzalidwa pang'ono: masentimita 40 pakati pa tchire ndiwopamwamba kale. Njira yokhazikika yofikira:
- Kumbani bowo laling'ono ndi scoop m'malo osankhidwa, onjezerani feteleza wapafupi ndi dzenje lililonse. Ikhoza kukhala theka la kapu ya phulusa kapena supuni yapamwamba ya nitroammofoski. Feteleza amasakanikirana ndi nthaka, pambuyo pake dzenjelo limathirira madzi.
Njira yodalirika yoyika "matope", ndiye kuti mabowo amakhala madzi othirira
- Chotsani mbande zanu mosamala m'bokosi kapena makapu ndi dothi lapansi ndikuziyika m'mabowo, ndikukula mpaka masamba pafupifupi cotyledon. Popeza Shuttle nthawi zambiri satuluka pakukonzekera mbande, sikufunika kubzalidwe mosamala.
Chuma chadothi chikamakula, mbande zake zimayamba kuzika mizu
- Thirani tomato ndi madzi kutentha kwa 25-30 zaC ndi mulch nthaka yozungulira tchire pang'ono.
Mukathirira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira, koma kutentha ndi bwino osangotsalira masamba
Zachidziwikire, zimakhala bwino ngati zonsezi zachitika mumlengalenga kapena nthawi yamadzulo.
Kusamalira Tomato
Kusamalira phwetekere Shuttle ndikosavuta. Zimaphatikizapo kuthirira, kumasula nthaka, kuwongolera maudzu ndi kuvala mwa apo ndi apo. Nthawi yabwino kuthirira ndikumadzulo, pafupipafupi pama nyengo yokhazikika kamodzi pa sabata. Madzi ayenera kukhala otentha, otenthetsedwa tsiku lililonse padzuwa. Kutaya madzi ampopi sikofunikira. Ngati dothi lapansi likuwoneka lonyowa, kuthirira kuyenera kuyimitsidwa: Matomati safunikira madzi owonjezera. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa madzi ndi koyamba pambuyo pa maluwa ambiri. Koma zipatso zikamera, kuthirira kumachepetsa kwambiri, kapena ngakhale kupatula.
Mukathirira kapena mvula yambiri, dothi lozungulira mbewuzo limalimidwa mosamala ndikuwononga nthawi yomweyo namsongole. Feteleza amapatsidwa pafupipafupi, katatu pachaka, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wathunthu wa mchere. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe Shuttle imadyetsedwa ndikubwera kwa mazira ochepa oyamba, kukula kwa chitumbuwa. Mukathirira, kumwaza 1 m2 pafupifupi 20 g wa azofoska kapena kukonzekera komwe, pambuyo pake amathiranso madzi. Mutha kusunganso feteleza m'madzi, kenako ndikupanga kuchokera kuthilira.
Kubwereza kudya - pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu. M'malo mwa azofoska, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe - chisakanizo cha mullein ndi kulowetsedwa phulusa, koma nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuwonjezera superphosphate ya tomato.
Posachedwa, superphosphate nthawi zambiri imalemekezedwa ndi nayitrogeni: iyi ndi njira yabwino
Zosiyanasiyana sizimafuna zingwe ndi kudina, zomwe zimathandizira chisamaliro cha wokhala wosazindikira pachilimwe. Olima okhawo omwe amadziwa bwino nthawi ndi nthawi omwe amadula mbali zina za maluwa, osasiya zidutswa 4-5 mu burashi kuti atenge zipatso zazikulu. Kugwira ntchitoyi sikukhudza kukolola kwathunthu kuthengo.
M'malo achinsinsi, samakonda kupopera mankhwala kupopera mankhwala kwa matenda. Koma tikumbukire kuti Shuttle simalimbana ndi vuto lakumapeto, lomwe limatha kuziziritsa ndi kuziziritsa kwakukuru mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Mu greenh m'nyumba, mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse uyenera kukhala: mumlengalenga chinyezi, kumatuluka matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndipo komabe, ngati nyengo siyabwino kwambiri, ndikofunikira kupopera mankhwala ndi anthu wowerengeka (monga kulowetsedwa kwa mamba wa anyezi).
Ngati matendawa agwidwa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala mosamala kwambiri, osanyalanyaza kuphunzira mokwanira za malangizowo.Mwa iwo, ngati kuli kotheka, ndi koyenera kusankha osakhala poizoni, monga Ridomil kapena Fitosporin, makamaka ngati nthawi yotsala isanachitike.
Kanema: Kusamalira mitundu ya phwetekere
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Shuttleyi idakhala yabwino kwambiri yolemekezeka yopanga zipatso zambiri, idamera pachitsamba mu mpweya wamafuta ndi wowonjezera kutentha, sizinabadwe. Wokongola wokoma, komanso makamaka mitsuko. Kucha kuyambira pa Julayi 10 mukafesa kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Mlimi wam'deralo amagawana mbewu zake, zomwe zimakhwimitsa m'chipinda chobiriwira chisanachitike pakati pa Juni. Amabzala kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February ndi wopeza kukakolola koyambirira.
Svetik
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Ndimabzala Shuttle pansi. Zing'ambika kaye, koyambirira. Koma kwa wowonjezera kutentha si kwambiri, chifukwa zotsika, sizigwiritsa ntchito malo ndipo zimangotulutsa zipatso mwachangu.
Freken 10
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=54336
Ndili ndi chitsamba pafupifupi masentimita 70, ndimangomangirirabe kumtengoko kuti singangokhala, osadina, koma ndikuganiza kuti ndizotheka, mwinanso zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri. Tomato ndi wabwino, kirimu wokongola, wobala zipatso, peel olimba, wathanzi pang'ono, osadwala, makamaka amapita ku ma pickles. Sindidzadya zatsopanozi, ngati ena amakula pafupi, ndimakonda wokoma wanga, wowonda komanso wonenepa.
Vostrikova
//otvet.mail.ru/question/173993585
Ndinakumana ndi "shuttle" ya phwetekere kwa nthawi yayitali, mitundu yabwino kwambiri, yosavuta kubzala, yolimbana ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana zovuta, ndimakula mbande, mbande sizikula, zokondweretsa diso. Kukula pobiriwira m'nyumba komanso malo osafunikira, sikutanthauza kuti mulimitsidwe, kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 50, kuphatikiza ndi zipatso kumakhala kotakasuka, zipatso ndizolimba, zosagwirizana ndi kusweka, kupsa koyambirira kuthengo. Zodabwitsa zonse mu saladi zatsopano komanso mawonekedwe a zamzitini, zimakhala zowonda ndipo sizifalikira kapena kuphulika mukamazidula.
Oksana
//otzovik.com/review_5805440.html
Tomato Shuttle ndi nthumwi yoyimira mitundu yoyambirira kucha, yodziwika ndi kukaniza kosagwirizana ndi nyengo yoyipa. Ndikadakhala kuti kukana matenda, ikadakhala imodzi yabwino kwambiri. Koma ngakhale ndi zomwe zikuchitika, Shuttle ndi phwetekere wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa amateur ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana nyengo.
