Strawberry Albion: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe zipatso zimadulidwa nthawi yonse yotentha

Onse akulu ndi ana amakonda zokoma zotsekemera. Alimi ambiri odabwitsa akufuna kulima zipatso zabwinozi, zomwe, ndikufuna kukhala ndi mitundu yobala zipatso, yosangalatsa komanso yokongola. Mwa mitundu yambiri ya sitiroberi ochokera kumayiko ena, si onse omwe ali oyenera kukula ku Russia. Koma palinso zosiyana. Izi zimaphatikizapo sitiroberi Albion, yomwe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kulimidwa kumadera akumwera ndi pakati Russia.

Mbiri ndi Kufotokozera kwa Strawberries Albion

Mitundu ya Albion yomwe ikukonza idatulukira mu 2006 chifukwa cha ntchito ya asayansi aku California. Strawberry adapezeka ndikuwoloka mitundu Diamante ndi Kal 94.16-1 ndipo adapangira kuti azigulitsa. Wophatikiza watsopano woyambirira amatchedwa CN220.

Albion ndi wosatenga nawo mbali masana. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutialimidwe ku United States, Italy, kumwera kwa Canada. Mu Russian Federation, kulima zamtunduwu kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kumadera akumwera (Crimea, Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region). Pakati panjira ndi kumpoto silingakulidwe malo otseguka, koma imabala zipatso bwino m'malo obiriwira omwe ali ndi nyali zapamwamba.

Kutulutsa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikumapangira thumba losunga mazira mosalekeza (mikhalidwe ya Russia - kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka Okutobala). Mukabzala mu greenh m'nyumba, zokolola zitha kukolola chaka chonse. Amabereka zipatso mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala.

Makhalidwe a Gulu

Mabasi a Albion ndiakulu - mpaka 40-45 masentimita kukwera; amapanga masharubu pang'ono. Pamaso masamba akulu akulu ndi obiriwira obiriwira ndi osalala, okhala ndi sheen wonenepa. Mitundu yolimba, yolimba yolima motsutsana ndi zipatsozo, imalepheretsa kuti igwire pansi.

Zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri (pafupifupi kulemera kwa 30-50 g), zopindika kapena zowongoka. Nthawi zambiri zokolola zoyambirira (kumapeto kwa Meyi) zimadziwika ndi zipatso zokhala ndi mbali imodzi, ndipo mwa zipatso za 3-4 posintha zipatsozo zimasinthika kukhala zowongoka, zooneka ndi mtima kapena zazitali.

Zipatso za Albion ndi zokulirapo, mawonekedwe ake, mawonekedwe ake onyezimira

Kukoma kwa zipatso, malinga ndi wamaluwa, zimayenda bwino ndi funde lachiwiri la zipatso (theka lachiwiri la Julayi). Mtundu wa khungu ndi ofiira owala, ndi gloss, mawonekedwe ali ngakhale. Guwa ndi pinki hue lozama, lopanda voids, lokoma ndi fungo lamphamvu la sitiroberi. Pa palate, zipatso nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowawasa, ndipo zimakhala m'malo abwino - okoma, osapsa.

Video: Albion sitiroberi mbewu imacha

Strawberry Albion imadziwika ndi zingapo zabwino komanso zoyipa. Ubwino:

• mkulu zokolola - lotseguka 500-800 g pa chitsamba chilichonse nthawi, mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka 2 kg;
• kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso zabwino;
• kulekerera bwino chilala;
• kukana kwambiri mayendedwe chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zipatso;
• moyo wamtali wautali (masiku 7-8);
• kukana kwambiri kwa imvi zowola, anthracnose, verticillosis ndi mochedwa choipitsa, kukana kwamatenda ena;
• kukana zabwino kwa akangaude.

Tsoka ilo, osiyanasiyana amakhalanso ndi zophophonya:

• kukana chisanu kochepa (tchire limafa pa kutentha kwa -10 ° C);
• kuzindikira kusinthasintha kwa nyengo (kutentha kwa +30 ° C, kuvunda kwam'mimba kumatha kuima, ndipo nyengo yonyowa zipatso zimataya kukoma kwawo ndikukhala madzi);
• osakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri yopanga zipatso (kupatsidwa zina ndikofunikira pazaka zonse za 3-4);
• sikuti aliyense amakonda kunenepa kwambiri, pafupifupi mnofu.

Kanema: Kulongosola kosiyanasiyana kwa Albion & Malangizo

Kuberekanso ndi kubzala

Pokhala ndi chitsamba chimodzi chomwe mumakonda, mutha kupatsa mundawo mbewu yonse yobzala.

Njira zolerera

Mwa njira zachikhalidwe zofalitsira masamba a mitundu ya Albion, kugawa chitsamba kapena kufesa mbewu ndikulimbikitsidwa, popeza ndevu zochepa zimapangidwa pazomera.

• Gawani chitsamba. Muyenera kutenga tchire lophuka msinkhu wazaka 3-4 ndi kuwagawa m'magulu osiyana kuti aliyense azikhala ndi mizu. Mutha kugawa ndi mpeni kapena fosholo, kapena mutha kuyika mizu m'madzi kuti mulekanitse dziko lapansi, kenako ndikoka "kukoka" chitsamba ndi manja anu.
  

  Kutsetsa mizu kumathandizira kugawa tchire la sitiroberi kukhala tinthu tosiyanasiyana

• Kufesa mbewu. Kuti mupeze mbande, zipatso zokhwima bwino zimakololedwa, kuzitikita ndipo mbewu zimatsukidwa. Mbewu yomwe idayambitsidwa imayatsidwa ndikusungidwa mufiriji (moyo wa alumali - mpaka chaka 1). Asanafesere, mbewu zimanyowa kwa tsiku limodzi ndi madzi ndikuwonjezeranso mphamvu zowonjezera kukula (Steampo, peat oxidate Strawberry, Energen). Mbande zathunthu (masamba 3-5, khosi mizu yokhala ndi mainchesi 6 mm, muzu wotalika kwambiri masentimita 7) zimapezeka ndi njirayi pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri.

Vidiyo: Kukula masamba a mbewu

Mukamagula mbande zopangidwa kale, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe mizu ilili - iyenera kukhala yathanzi, yonyowa, yotalika masentimita 7. Chiwerengero chokhazikika cha masamba pachitsamba ndi 5-6, sayenera kukhala ndi malo owuma, makwinya ndi kuwonongeka kulikonse .

Vidiyo: Kukonzekera mbande za Albion kuti mubzale

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Tsamba la Albion liyenera kutenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa, kukhala lokwanira komanso kukhala ndi ngalande zabwino. Nthaka ya sitiroberi ndiosiyana, koma loamy, wokhala ndi michere yambiri ndioyenera. Zomwe nthaka ikhoza kukhala kuchokera ku acidic pang'ono mpaka pang'ono.

Pokonzekera dothi (masabata 3-4 musanabzike) muyenera kuchotsa udzu pamalowo ndikuwonjezera chonde m'nthaka. Pa mita lalikulu lililonse panga:

• 70 g wa superphosphate;
• 30 g wa potaziyamu sulfate;
• 30 g wa ammonium nitrate;
• 2-2,5 ndowa za humus.

Kumbani dothi mwakuya ndipo ngati mukufuna, pangani mabedi 25-30cm (kuchokera pamenepo kuti simungathe kuchita izi ndikubzala sitiroberi). Malo omwe ali pamabedi ndi osavuta madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kubzala pamabedi kumalimbikitsidwa pamene chinyezi chimayima m'deralo. Mabedi azikhala okonzeka masiku 6 mpaka 7 asanabzalidwe, kuti nthaka ikhale ndi nthawi yokwanira. Mtunda pakati pa mabedi (mizere) uyenera kukhala wosachepera 45-50 masentimita, chifukwa tchire la Albion ndi lalikulu ndipo limafuna malo okwanira.

Mukathira feteleza, dothi liyenera kukumbidwa mosamala.

Kubzala mbande

Kubzala makamaka kumachitika mu kugwa (khumi omaliza a Ogasiti - kumapeto kwa Seputembala), kuti mbande mizu yotsatira kasupe ndikuyamba kubzala. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ikamatera iyenera kumaliza miyezi 1-1.5 chisanu chisanachitike. M'madera ozizira, sitiroberi zimabzalidwa masika kumayambiriro kwa dzinja. Kutentha kwa dothi kuyenera kukhala osachepera +15 ° C. Mutabzala masika, mitengo ndi mameyala onse opangidwamo ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti mphamvu za mbewuzo zithandizidwe kuzika mizu, kuti mbewuyo idikire mpaka kasupe wotsatira.

Njira Zobzala Strawberry:

1. Onani mbewu, nyemba zonse zopanda mphamvu.
2. Chotsani masamba onse, kupatula 2-3, kufupikitsa mizu yotalika masentimita 7 mpaka 8. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulowetse mbande tsiku limodzi m'madzi ndikuwonjezeranso gawo lowongolera.
3. Pangani mabowo pakama (ndikutalika kwa 30-35 cm) okwanira kukula kwa mizu. Thirani madzi otentha a 150-200 ml pachitsime chilichonse.
   

   Mukabzala mbande pamabedi ophimbidwa ndi filimu, muyenera kupanga ochepa mabowo m'malo oyenera
4. Ikani mbewuzo m'maenje, kufalitsa mizu, ndikuwaza ndi lapansi.
   

   Mukamatera, simungathe kukulitsa malo okukula (mtima), ayenera kukhala pamunsi

5. Sindikiza pansi mozungulira tchire ndi manja anu ndikuthirira minda.
   

   Dothi lozungulira chitsamba liyenera kupangika bwino ndi manja anu

6. Ngati nyengo yatentha kwambiri, muyenera kuyika mabedi ndi agrofibre kapena udzu kwa masiku angapo.

Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimaperekedwa powonjezera galasi la vermicompost kapena theka lagalasi la humus pachitsime chilichonse pansi pa mizu ya tchire ndi supuni imodzi ya phulusa.

Kukula Zinthu

Ngakhale sitiroberi siosangalatsa kwambiri, koma kuti apeze zokolola zabwino, amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika - kuthilira, kuvala pamwamba, kudula, kuteteza tizilombo.

Kuthirira, kuthira manyowa ndi kusamalira nthaka

Strawberry Albion imakumana ndi vuto chifukwa chosowa chinyezi - zipatso zake zimacheperachepera, ma voids amatha kuwoneka. Komabe, kuthirira kwambiri ndizovulaza, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuthirira madzi pafupipafupi (masiku onse a 12-14), koma pang'ono. Asanayambe maluwa, amalimbikitsidwa kuthira madzi ndikumwaza, kenako m'mphepete mwake. Koma njira yabwino kwambiri ndi kuthirira kukathirira, chifukwa madzi amapita mwachindunji ku mizu.

Ma machubu othirira madontho amayikidwa munthawi yamabedi

Nthaka imafunikanso kukonza pafupipafupi. Mukathirira nthawi iliyonse, namsongole ayenera kudulidwa ndikuthothoka dothi ndikumasulidwa (masentimita 10-15 pakati pa mizere ndi 2-3 cm pafupi tchire). Mutha kudzipulumutsa nokha kuntchito yovuta iyi ngati mukukula mabulosi pansi pa filimu yakuda, koma musaiwale kuti nthawi zina zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.

Kuti muwonjezere zokolola za sitiroberi yokonza, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichotse maulendo mu mzere woyamba wa zipatso. Njira imeneyi imachulukitsa zokolola zamtsogolo.

Kuvala kwapamwamba pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kuti kukonzedwe kwa zipatso zamtundu uliwonse, popeza mmera umakhala wopanga nthawi zonse. Wopatsa feteleza wabwino kwambiri ndi zolengedwa - zothetsera za mullein kapena ndowe za mbalame, kompositi, manyowa. Mu mayankho amadzimadzi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa ma sitiroberi pakadutsa milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Feteleza michere umagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu pakulima:

1. Kumayambiriro kwa masamba achichepere kupanga 0,5 l wa urea yankho (1 tbsp. L. Mu ndowa) pa chitsamba chimodzi kapena 50 g / m² nitrofoski.
2. Pamaso maluwa asanadyetsedwe kudyetsedwa 2 tbsp. l nitroammophoski ndi 1 tsp. potaziyamu sulfate pa ndowa (0,5 l pa 1 chitsamba).
3. Mu nthawi yophukira, zipatso zikamalizidwa, 1 l yankho la 10 l lamadzi amawonjezeredwa pamtengowo ndi kuwonjezera kwa nitrophoska (2 tbsp. L.) Ndi phulusa lamatabwa (1 galasi).

Mlingo wa feteleza sungathe kupitilira - mbewu imayamba kupanga zipatso zobiriwira kuti ziwononge mbewu.

Strawberry amayankha bwino pakuvala kwapamwamba pamwamba:

1. Masika, masamba akaphuka, utsi ndi njira ya 0,1% ya manganese sulfate, yankho la 0.1% la boric acid, yankho la 0,05% ya molybdenum acid ammonium.
2. M'mwezi wa Ogasiti, ndikofunikira kuchita bwino kwambiri ndi karea (0,3%).

Chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mabulosi abwinobwino ndi manganese sulfate.

Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhale kukana bwino kumatenda ambiri, njira zothandizira kupewa zitha kukhala zothandiza. Makamaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira pambuyo pa kufalikira kwa chipale chofewa, kenako nthawi yamaluwa Fitosporin kapena Glyokladin. Mutha kuonjezeranso kukana kwa matenda mothandizidwa ndi yankho la ayodini (30 madontho a ayodini ndi 35-40 g wa sopo wochapira pachidebe chilichonse chamadzi).

Kuteteza ku tizirombo, chithandizo cha prophylactic kapena achire chidzafunika:

• Strawberry nthata amatha kutha ndi yankho la sulufule ya colloidal (55-60 g pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi).
• Kusintha kwa phulusa kapena irondehyde kumathandiza kuchokera ku slugs (3-4 g / m²) musanayambe maluwa ndi mutakolola.
• Nematode amatha kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala amphamvu (Dinadim, BI-58). Komanso, muwononge tchire lomwe muli kachilombo. Ngati zodulidwazo zidakhala zazifupi komanso zopunduka, ndipo masamba ndikupota, muyenera kukumba chitsamba ndi mizu ndikuwotcha.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'chithunzichi

Kukonzekera yozizira

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira, muyenera kuyamba kukonza mabulosi achisanu:

1. Mu Seputembala, kawiri mpaka katatu kumasula dothi lakuya masentimita 5.
2. Mu Okutobala, mutakolola zokolola zomaliza, mulch mwabzala ndi masentimita 5 a peat kapena utuchi.
3. Mwezi wa Novembala, kuwonjezera pa mabedi ndi nthambi za spruce. Ngati nthawi yozizira imakhala yopanda chipale, ndiye kuti udzu wina kapena udzu wowola umathiridwa pamtengowo.

Kukula ma sitiroberi mumiphika wa maluwa ndi hydroponics

Kuphatikiza pa kulima potseguka ndi malo obiriwira, palinso njira zina. Monga mitundu ina yokonza, Albion imatha kumalimidwa kunyumba. Chitsamba chilichonse chimabzalidwa mumphika wamaluwa wokhazikika wokhala ndi malita atatu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopatsa thanzi komanso kuwonjezera, kuti muwonetse zipatso nthawi zonse, muyenera kudyetsa mabulosi a feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikiza ndi michere pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu.

Masamba obiriwira mumphika pawindo amasangalala ndi zipatso m'nyengo yozizira

Njira inanso yokulitsira ma sitiroberi a Albion, oyenerera zonse za mafakitale ndi nyumba, ndiko kulima kwa hydroponic. Izi zikutanthauza kubzala sitiroberi mumbale zodzadza ndi dongo kapena coconut fiber m'malo mwa dothi. Kuti zitsimikizike kukula, kukula ndi kuphuka kwa mbewu, gawo lapansi liyenera kusungidwa, ndipo zonse zofunikira zimawonjezeredwa ndi madzi othirira.

Mu hydroponics, ndi ulimi wothirira kukapanda kuleka, sitiroberi amakula bwino ndikubala zipatso

Kodi kukolola ndi motani?

Akabzala pamalo otseguka, mitundu ya Albion nthawi zambiri imapanga mafunde anayi okolola:

1. Kumapeto kwa Meyi.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa Julayi.
3. Pakati pa Ogasiti.
4. Mu theka lachiwiri la Seputembala.

Ndikofunika kudikirira kuti kucha kwamphesa kwa zipatso. Wofesedwa wosapsa sadzakhalanso wokoma ndipo amakhala wowawasa.

Kukolola sitiroberi kumachitika pamanja, m'mawa kapena madzulo, nyengo yotentha. Zipatso ziyenera kumanulidwa ndi phesi ndi kuziyika m'mabokosi kapena penti. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, Albion imalephera kugona ndi wosanjikiza, sikufupika kwenikweni. Sungani mbewuyo mufiriji, pomwe imatha kukhalabe chatsopano ndi kukoma kwa masiku 7-8.

Strawberry zamtunduwu ndi zabwino kwambiri mwatsopano, ndipo zimalimbikitsidwanso kupanga, kupanikizana, chifukwa zipatso zakakhungu zimasungabe mawonekedwe awo akaphika. Koma, zowona, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewuyo pazolinga zina - saladi za zipatso, nkhonya, compote.

Strawberry ndi zabwino kwambiri zopangira peyala ndi zakumwa zina.

Tisaiwale za mankhwala a sitiroberi. Zipatso zimathandizira kukonza kagayidwe, kukhala ndi kwamikodzo ndi diaphoretic. Zodzikongoletsera ndi kulowetsedwa kwa ma juzi kumathandizira ndi stomatitis ndi pharyngitis. Kulowetsedwa kwa masamba kumathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo kumakhala ndi kuthekera kwambiri. Ngakhale mizu imapeza ntchito - mankhwala awo amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha colitis ndi hemorrhoids.

Ndemanga wamaluwa pa Strawberry Albion

Mu 2008, ndinayesa mitundu ya NSD, kuphatikiza Albion. Albion adawonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zidalembedwa mu magazini ya Ogorodnik No. 5 ya 2009. Tsoka ilo, chaka chatha ndidataya izi, ndipo tsopano ndizibwezeretsa.

Club Nika, Ukraine

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adabzala albion mbiya pa khonde. zipatso zake zidasandulika zofiira kukhala burgundy koma kukula kwakekulu kwambiri ndi 30 mamilimita (3 sentimita) zomwe sindimadziwa kuti zidalemedwa bwanji. pachitsamba pali zipatso 18 zokha za mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira kubiriwira mpaka kufiira kowala. Momwe ndikumvera, kwa albion awa ndi zipatso zazing'ono. Zofunika kuchitanji kuti zipatso za mazira otsatira zikhale zazikulu?

akugona, Moscow

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Kukucha kwa tchire langa laku Albion kunagwirizana ndimvula. Zotsatira zake - zamkati ndi zowonda kwambiri, zopanda kukoma. Ndidzayang'ana patsogolo.

Anyuta, Kiev

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Inde, palibe eni zambiri zamtunduwu, wanga wobzalidwa mu 15 ndi ochepa kwambiri, adakula bwino, adazolowera, natola masamba obiriwira ndikupereka zipatso zitatu, mu kugwa ndidapeta tchire, ndikuchotsa masharubu anga. Ndinkaphimba ndi nsalu yopanda kutentha nthawi yachisanu cha 16, ndinawotcha bwino msuzi wobiriwira wabwino koma zipatso zamtengo wapatali Ndatola pang'ono magalamu 50 kuchokera pachitsamba.Mu yophukira 16 inali yofowoka koma yamphamvu, nthawi yozizira sinayange chipale chofewa ndipo ambiri 20-30 cm, nyengo yachisanu inali yoipa, panali chakudya chambiri ngati Klerry's, adachithira m'mwezi wa Epulo, kuwaza ndi feteleza mwanjira ya urea, mutha kuwona kuti tchire libiriwira kowala Mitundu yake imaphukira bwino ndikukula bwino, ndi nyengo yawo yachitatu, ndi momwe Albion amandicitira, pafupi naye Syria ndi wabwino kwambiri kukula komanso mtundu wake ndi zipatso!

Volmol, Uryupinsk

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Maluwa a Albion amayembekezeka miyezi iwiri atabzala mbande. Ndizovuta kwambiri kupereka lingaliro lililonse lomaliza, popeza nyengo yathu siili yonse ayi, ndipo sindichita ndi zipatso zogulitsa. Mapulogalamu a mabulosiwa ndi wandiweyani, pali shuga pang'ono, fungo la sitiroberi limakhalapo. Zikuwoneka ngati kuti ine ndi mafakitale enieni.

Che_Honte, Melitopol

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Albion wosiyanasiyana, ngakhale adachokera ku dzuwa laku California, amatha kumera kuzizira ku Russia. Zowona, izi sitiroberi sizilekerera nthawi yozizira ndipo kumpoto ziyenera kukhala zobzalira malo obiriwira. Koma mukatsatira malamulo onse osamalidwa, mutha kukolola zipatso zambiri zokoma.