Royal Pelargonium - duwa lochokera ku South America. Iwo anabweretsa ku Ulaya m'zaka za zana la XVIII, ndipo kuyambira apo, obereketsa anabala mitundu yambiri. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za mfumu pelargonium, kusamalira maluwa kunyumba, komanso kuona zithunzi za chomera.
Kulongosola mwachidule
Maluwawa ndi ochepa, akhoza kufika mpaka masentimita 60 mu msinkhu. Chomeracho chimakhala chowongoka ndi udzu. Chitsamba chimaphimbidwa ndi masamba a mtundu wa emerald, omwe ali ndi mphepo pamwamba ndi kuwala. Pelargonium inflorescences ndi zazikulu, ndipo mosamala, akhoza kufika 25 masentimita awiri. 
Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa inflorescences ndi masentimita 15. Mapesi a maluwa ali ndi kutalika kwake: kuchokera masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Maluwawo amakula mpaka masentimita 7. Mafomu ndi mitundu zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri: zoyera ndi zofiirira, lalanje ndi zofiirira, zofiira ndi pinki. Mitengo yamatsenga ikhoza kukhala yodabwitsa kwambiri kapena yosiyana ndi inclusions. Maluwa akhoza kukhala ndi wavy, odula kapena ngakhale m'mphepete.
Mbewu yachifumu imamera, mosiyana ndi geranium yamba, osati kwa nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi miyezi inayi. Maluwa amawoneka bwino pazenera, mawindo ndi miphika yopachikidwa.
Royal Pelargonium monga mitundu ya zomera zomwe zimatchedwa Grandiflora (Pelargonium grandiflorum) ndipo ndi za Geranium. Ngakhale kuti geranium ndi pelargonium ndi zosiyana ndi zomera, nthawi zina geranium imatanthauza pelargonium.
Mitundu yotchuka
Taganizirani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mfumu ya pelargonium ndi zithunzi:
- Kusiyanasiyana 'Mandarin' ali ndi maluwa a orange. Pakatikati, masambawa ndi oyera, ngakhale pamphepete mwa maluwa pali mzere woyera.
- 'Maluwa Obala Maso Oyera' - chomeracho chili ndi maluwa ofiira, ndipo mukhoza kuona madontho akuda pamtambo. Nthambi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimakhala bwino komanso zimamera.
- 'Regalia Chocolate' - maluwa aakulu a mdima wofiira ndi chokoleti. Mphepete mwa pamakhala ndi yotseguka.
- 'Carisbrooke'-maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ofiira. Pamwamba pamtengowo muli thupi lopangidwa ndi marble wooneka ngati ma specks ndi strokes.
- 'Lavender Grand Slam' - chomeracho chili ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Nthenga zofiirira zakuda zimapezeka pamtunda wapamwamba.
- 'Ulemerero Woyera' - maluwa ndi aakulu, oposa 7 masentimita awiri. Zili zoyera ndi chipale chofewa ndipo mulibe chidutswa chimodzi.
- 'Sally Munro' - zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi maluwa. Pamwamba pamtunda ndi mdima wofiira, ndipo m'munsimu muli pinkish. Izi zosiyanasiyana zimatha pachimake pa nyengoyi kangapo.
- 'Maluwa okongola a Pinki ndi Diso' - maluwa okongola a pinki omwe ali ndi mdima wakuda.
- Mona Lisa - maluwa akuluakulu ndi oyera. Pakatikati pali zofiira zofiira, ndipo nthawi zina zilonda za pinki zimawoneka pafupi nawo. Nkhumba zakhala zikuwombera.
- 'Black Prince' - chitsamba chaching'ono, mpaka mamita 40 cm. Maluwa ali ndi mthunzi wamaluwa, ndipo pamakhala pamakhala mchenga wa siliva.
- `Georgina Blythe` - pa chomera chachikulu maluwa ofiira ofiira ndi lalanje. Khosi lawo liri loyera. Nkhumba zakhala zikuwombera.
- 'Morwenna' ndi zosiyana ndi zofiira zazikulu zakuda pafupifupi maluwa akuda. Nkhuta zimakhala ndi mphasa.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta ofunika a Geranium, omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku masamba obiriwira, ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu aromatherapy kuti athetse mtima wa psyche ndikukweza maganizo.
Zimene muyenera kuyang'ana pamene mukugula
Kuti upeze duwa bwino m'malo owonetseredwa. Kugula pelargonium, tcherani khutu ku dziko la inflorescences ndi chitsamba. Iwo sayenera kupotozedwa. Sitiyenera kuwonongeka pa masamba - izi zikhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa matenda.
Kodi ndikufunika kubzala mbewu mutagula
Makamaka maluwa amagulitsidwa m'zitsulo zotayidwa komanso ndi gawo losayenera. Choncho, mutagula duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti ndikasendeze.
Ndikofunikira! Bwezerani chomeracho ngati sichimasintha.
Kukonzekera kwa gawo lapansi la pelargonium ntchito 1 gawo la mchenga ndi magawo awiri a humus, tsamba ndi sod. Ngati simungathe kukonzekera nokha, mungathe kugula mu sitolo gawo lachilengedwe la zakudya zokhala ndi maluwa. Phika liyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa mizu. Kuthamanga kwakukulu sikuyenera kutengapo, chifukwa mmenemo pelargonium imapita mumdima, ndipo simungakhoze kuyembekezera maluwa.
Tsatirani chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Royal geranium (geranium) imafuna chisamaliro china m'nyumba.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kuti chomera chachifumu chiphuke kwambiri, chimafunika kuunikira bwino. Mukaika maluwa achifumu mumthunzi, zidzakula, koma sizidzapereka mphukira kapena maluwa adzakhala ochepa.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuwala kofunika, duwa liyenera kuikidwa pazenera lakumwera. Koma nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa sikugwera pa chomera, mwinamwake iwo akhoza kutentha masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, maluwa achifumu amafunika kuunikira kwina, monga zimayambira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala.
Pelargonium ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mmunda wowongoka. Kuonjezera apo, si maluwa okongola omwe ali mkati, komanso amathandiza: pelargonium imakhala ndi machiritso ambiri. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yokhalamo m'chipinda chogona.
Mavuto otentha
M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwakukulu kwa pelargonium sikuyenera kupitirira 24 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa lidzasangalala pa 12-15 ° C. Ngati chomera chikuwombera kapena chimaimirira, simungakhoze kuyembekezera maluwa.
Kuthirira
Royal Pelargonium imakonda chinyezi, kotero kuthirira kuli zambiri. Koma kuchepa kwa madzi sikuyenera kuloledwa. Pa masiku otentha ndi kofunika kuthirira maluwa kawiri pa tsiku. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepa. Pelargonium sakonda pamene madzi agwera pamasamba, choncho sizowonjezera kuti aziwaza maluwa. Ndipo muyenera kuthirira chomera pazu. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Manyowa a chomera ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse - m'nyengo ya masika ndi chilimwe, izi zimachitika 1 nthawi mu masabata awiri. Ndikoyenera kudyetsa maluwa ndi mchere, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zigawo zitatu: magnesium, potassium, nayitrogeni. Zokonzekera zopangidwa ndi zowonjezera zingagulidwe. Ngati feteleza apangidwa mosiyana, ndiye kuti mchere uyenera kutengedwa chimodzimodzi. Ndipo pamaso maluwa kuwonjezera zikuchokera potaziyamu ndi kuchepetsa nayitrogeni.
Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha masamba, alimi amalimbikitsa kuonjezera ayodini: 1 dontho la ayodini imatsitsidwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Njira iyi iyenera kuthiriridwa pa khoma la mphika kupewa kupewa. 50 ml ya mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbeu.
Ndikofunikira! Chinthu chachikulu - musachimveke ndi kuvala pamwamba, zidzatulutsa chikasu cha masamba.
Kudulira
Kudulira mfumu pelargonium (geraniums) kumachitidwa kuti mukhale maluwa okongola komanso kupanga mawonekedwe a maluwa. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mutatha maluwa. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Kuwombera kwachiwiri kumachitika patapita miyezi 1.5 kuti asawononge pelargonium. 
Kukonza malamulo:
- kudulira ndikofunikira, kuganizira zofunikira za zomera - duwa liyenera kukhala laling'ono ndipo likhale ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba;
- Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi mpeni wotsekemera wotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- kudula kuyenera kuperekedwa ndi makala;
- Zimayambira mkati zikuyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.
- amafunika kuchotsa zimayambira ndi masamba omwe atha;
- ndikofunika kudula masamba owuma;
- Muyenera kufufuza mosamala pelargonium ndi kudziwa kuti mphukira zabwino ndi ziti kuti muzidula kukongola korona;
- zamaliseche ndizitali zimachotsedwa;
- chifukwa duwa lomwe likukonzekera nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kudula gawo lachitatu la tsinde.
Mbali za chisamaliro m'nyengo yozizira
Mu October, royal pelargonium imayamba nthawi yopuma, yomwe imatha kupitilira mwezi wa March. Chisamaliro chamaluwa pa nthawi ino sichikusowa. Chinthu chachikulu - musalole kuti dothi ladothi liume. Kudyetsa kuyima. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa liyenera kukhala kutentha kwa 12-15 ° C. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi kuunikira kwina, nkofunika kuti tsikuli likhale lowala kwa geraniums, kotero kuti zimayambira sizimatambasulidwa ndi kusowa kwa kuwala.
Kodi ndizingati?
Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso lakuti n'chifukwa chiyani geranium yachifumu sichimasintha. Imodzi mwa njira zothetsera vutoli ndizomwe zimakhazikitsidwa panthawi yake. Izi ziyenera kuchitika kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka 2-3. Sitilimbikitsanso kuti tichite ndondomeko nthawi zambiri - maluwa a pelargonium akhoza kuchepetsedwa.
Maluwa ayenera kuikidwa mu mphika wawung'ono kuti mizu ikhale yoyenera. Mu thanki ayenera kukhala mabowo oyamwa. Kusamalitsa kwakukulu kuyenera kulipidwa pa ngalande yomweyi, yomwe siingalole kuti madzi asapitirire. Gwiritsani ntchito monga ngalande kungathyoledwe njerwa, miyala yakale kapena udothi wambiri.
Mukudziwa? Pelargonium imatchulidwa kuti imapangitsa thanzi lofiira, pinki geranium kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa kukonda matsenga ndi kukopa chikondi, ndipo zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi maluwa oyera zimachulukitsa chonde.
Matenda ndi tizirombo: kupewa ndi kuchiza
Matenda a Pelargonium ndi awa:
- Grey kuvunda. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka komanso zokhudzana ndi nayitrogeni. Mawanga a Brown amaoneka pamasamba ndipo zimayambira. Pamalo onse a chomeracho amawoneka imvi. Maluwawo ayenera kuikidwa m'nthaka yatsopano ndikuchiritsidwa ndi fungicides monga Readzol, Rovral, Vitaros.
- Muzu ndi tsinde zowola. Umboni wa matendawa wakuda mizu yakuda, yomwe imayamba kuvunda. Masamba amakhala otumbululuka, ndipo kenako amatembenukira chikasu ndi kufota. Chifukwa cha matendawa chikuwonjezeka chinyezi komanso kuchepa kwa nthaka. Limbani ndi mankhwala ovunda omwe analangizidwa "Biporam", "Fitolavin."
- Kuwonongeka kochedwa. Maluwawo amakhudzidwa ndi bowa ndipo mwamsanga imatha ndi kuwonongeka. Bowa amafalitsidwa kuchokera pansi, koma amatha kulembedwa kuchokera ku chomera china. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Masamba a Pelargonium amatembenuka, zomera zimachepetsanso kukula. Mukhozanso kuona kuwala koyera mumtunda wa kuvunda. Tengerani chomera ndi Bordeaux madzi. Zowonongeka za mbeu ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndi kudula kokonzedwa ndi makala. Onetsetsani kuti mufunikire kuika mu poto wosabala ndi gawo lapansi.
- Eden. Pa masamba amapangidwa ndi tubercles ndi kukula. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha madzi. Ndikofunika kudula masamba odwala ndi kuchepetsa kuthirira.
- Verticillary wilting. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo zikuwombera ndi zizindikiro za matendawa. Ndikofunikira kupanga zomera mothandizidwa ndi Trichodermin biofungicide. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito Topsin ndi Readzol.
Nchifukwa chiyani sichimasintha
Taganizirani zimene mungachite ngati mfumu ya geranium sichiphulika. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa chingakhale mphika waukulu kwambiri. Geranium imapanga wobiriwira misa, imakula. Ndipo kwa maluwa, iye alibe mphamvu zokwanira, popeza mphamvu zonse zimapita ku kukula kwa zomera ndi mizu. Kuti pelargonium iphuphuke, iyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi voti yaing'ono.
Komanso chifukwa chake tizilombo toyambitsa matenda talowa mu geranium kapena duwa wagwa. Nkhondo zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenyana nazo, kotero masambawo sali opangidwa.
Kulephera kwa gawo lopuma ndilo chifukwa chake chomera chachifumu sichimasintha. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, komanso ayenera kusiya kudya. Kutentha m'nyengo yozizira kumayipitsa duwa, choncho liyenera kukhala pamalo ozizira.
Ngakhale mavuto onse osamalira mfumu pelargonium, idzakusangalatsani ndi maonekedwe ake komanso maluwa obiriwira.
