Duwa losambira - kufotokoza kwa mbewu, kubzala ndi kusamalira m'munda

Chikasu chowala kapena ngakhale lalanje limawoneka bwino m'njira yakeyake, ngakhale silisiyana ndi kulemera kwake kwapadera kwamitundu ndi mitundu. Mundawo ndi wabwino chifukwa umaphukira kwa nthawi yayitali, koma sikufuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Kodi duwa losambira limawoneka bwanji

Chomerachi chimatchedwanso kuti checheche m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ozungulira a mithunzi yamoto. Mapangidwe ake a duwa ndi osangalatsa: amakhala ndi perianth, ofanana ndi corolla, ndi manda owala, omwe amatha kuyambira asanu mpaka 20. Oyambira m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kutalika kutalika. Nthano mu chomera ichi ndi mitundu yosinthidwa. Dzenje la uchi lili pamalo awo. Fungo labwino la magetsi limakopa njuchi.

Swimsuit yaku Europe

Zipatso za mbewuyi ndimapepala omwe amapanga zipatso zingapo. Mbewu zokhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtambo wakuda.

Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera

Kuthengo, zowunikira zakhala zikuchitika ku Europe konse kuyambira nthawi zakale. Mbiri yawo yachidule iyenera kuyamba ndikuti adalimidwa m'minda kwa zaka zopitilira 500 ndipo makamaka amazipangira zokongoletsera (pomwe kum'mawa, magetsi amayesedwa ngati mankhwala azomera). Kubzala ndi kusamalira leoton sikunafunike kuchita zambiri, ndipo izi zinawonjezera kutchuka kwawo. Koma m'masiku amenewo, iwo ankabereka mitundu yonse ya ku Europe, ndipo ena onse anawonekera pambuyo pake.

Chifukwa chiyani duwa la troll limatchedwa

Dzina Lachilatini la maluwa amenewa ndi "Trollius". Ofufuzawo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti dzinali limachokera ku "Trollblume", lomwe limamasulira "maluwa otentha". Zowonadi, malo osambira amakula bwino m'malo otentha, momwe, malinga ndi nthano, otchulidwa a nthano awa amakonda kukhazikika. Mu nthano zambiri, Scandinavia ndi Germany, mtengo uwu ndi maluwa omwe amawakonda, omwe amati ndi maluwa ake otambalala, zolengedwa izi zimamwa zakumwa zochiritsa.

Komabe, pali mtundu wina wa dzinali. Mwina, potengera momwe duwa limapangidwira, dzinalo limachokera ku liwu Lachilatini "trulleus", kutanthauza "chotengera chozungulira".

Zomera

Kuthengo, mitundu ya zikhalidwe imatha kukula pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, yomwe idawongolera machitidwe awo. Mwachitsanzo, Kum'mawa kwa Yuropu, malo osambira amakula m'nkhalango, komanso m'mipata yamtsinje ndi m'madziwe oyandikira, motero amakonda chinyezi chambiri. Ku Western Europe komanso ku Asia, nyali zimakula m'mapiri. Mitunduyi imakhala yololera pachilala. Mosasamala kanthu kuti zimamera m'mphepete mwa nkhalangoyi kapena m'mapiri, mitundu yonseyi ndiyothandiza kwambiri komanso siyodalirika.

Mitundu ya batri ndi mawonekedwe awo

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbewu iyi, yomwe imasiyana ngakhale mawonekedwe akunja.

Ledebour's Trollius (Trollius Ledebourii)

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri. Ledebur's trollius imasiyanitsidwa ndi peduncle wokwera kwambiri (mpaka 1 mita). Maluwa ake akuluakulu amafika masentimita 6 ndi miyala yamalalanje owala. Mu chikhalidwe, amathanso kukhala ndi kukula kwakukulu mpaka masentimita 8. Komanso, kutalika kwa timitsempha tating'ono 1.5 cm.Maluwa, mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imatha kukhala yosiyana pojambula mitundu yonse ya pamwala ndi m'manda.

Swimsuit waku Asia (Trollius Asiaticus)

Mtunduwu wafalikira pakupanga mawonekedwe. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa owala a lalanje okhala ndi manda otalikirana komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Swimsuit waku Asia

Kuthengo, kutalika kwa peduncle ndi pafupifupi 40 cm, koma kunyumba kumakula kwambiri - mpaka 70 cm.

Swimsuit waku Europe (Trollius Europaeus)

Mtunduwu umatchedwanso kusambira wamba. Malongosoledwe ake akuti kutalika kwa tsinde lake amatha kufika 100 cm, ndipo izi zimamupangitsa kukhala amodzi mwa mitundu yooneka kwambiri. Maluwa ndi akulu kukula komanso fungo labwino. Mtundu wa pamakhala umasiyana kuchokera ku chikaso chowoneka mpaka golide. Madokotalawa ndiotalikirapo kuposa pamakhala. Limamasula kumapeto kwa masika - theka loyamba la June.

Kusambira kwambiri kwambiri (Trollius Altissimus)

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa mtunduwu ndi kutalika kwa peduncle, ndi 1.3-1.5 mamita Nthawi yomweyo, chomeracho chimakhala ndi masamba okongola otseguka. Koma maluwa osambira kwambiri sakuwawala kwambiri. Amafika mainchesi 6c, koma amasiyana pakhungu loyera.

Dwarf leotard (Trollius Pumilus)

Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, mtunduwu ndiwocheperako kukula. Rosette ya mbewuyi imapangidwa ndi masamba osema ndi m'mphepete mwake. Kuchokera pamenepo, pafupifupi pakati pa Meyi, ma peduncles olunjika amakula, omwe amatalika masentimita 15-30. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, maluwa awo ndi akulu kwambiri, osachepera 2-3 cm. Amasiyana mumithunzi yokongola yagolide.

Chovala chosamba Altai (Trollius Altaicus)

Izi ndi mitundu yayitali. Tsinde lake limakula mpaka 90cm. Imakhala ndi maluwa osangalatsa. Zisindikizo zimakhala ndi tint yofiira kunja. Mkati mwa duwa, mapepala akuda ndi ma enther a mtundu wofiirira kapena wakuda amaonekera. Maluwa amawonekera kumapeto kwa Meyi ndikusangalatsa diso kwa mwezi wathunthu.

Swimsuit wachikhalidwe (Trollius Cultorum)

Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina mwakuti imakhala yosakanizidwa. "Makolo" ake a botanical ndi zomera zamitundu inayi nthawi imodzi. Awa ndi asodzi omwe ali pamwambapa aku Asia, European, Altai ndi petals zazikulu. Zotsatira zake, masamba a m'mundamo omwe ali ndi zipatso zabwino amakhala ndi mbewa zobiriwira. Ma Peduncle amakula mpaka 60-90 cm kutalika. Maluwa ndi akulu, m'mimba mwake mulifupi 7 cm.

Zomwe zimachitika pachomera ichi ndikuti mitundu yake imasiyana malinga ndi maluwa, mutha kupeza zomwe zimaphuka mpaka pakati pa Julayi.

Mapepala osambira papepala (Trollius Chartosepalus)

Mtunduwu umapezeka kuthengo kumpoto kumpoto. Zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira. Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 15. Maluwa ake ndi otuwa, nthawi zambiri amtoto wowaka. Diamita pafupifupi 3 cm.

Leotard lotseguka (Troilius Patulus)

Zomwe zimachitika pamtunduwu ndizochepa komanso pafupifupi zopanda nthambi. Amakonda kukula mpaka masentimita oposa 35. Maluwa ake si akulu, mpaka 30 cm, ndipo amakhala ndi hue wagolide. Pambuyo maluwa, thunthu la mbewu limawonjezera kutalika.

Trollius Lilacinus

Ngati mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi maluwa achikasu kapena malalanje, ochepa zonona, ndiye kuti mtunduwu umakhala ndi mtundu wachilendo wa lilac. Koma akalozera ake ndi achikasu achikasu, ngati "abale" ena omwe akukula ku Far East. Ndipo pachilichonse, chimawoneka ngati mitundu yaku Asia. Pokhapokha ngati maluwa ali ochepa, mulifupi mwake masentimita 5.

Leotard ndi lilac

Lotard wamkulu (Trollius Macropetalus)

Mtunduwu umakhala ndi maudindo amphamvu omwe amatha kutalika masentimita 100. Koma m'mimba mwake mulitali masentimita 5. Mtundu wamba ndi wachikasu ndi lalanje. Masamba amtunduwu ndi akulu, mpaka 15 cm.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa

Mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri pakalipano ndi:

• Goliyati. Mitundu iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu kwambiri, omwe amafikira mainchesi 7. Amakopa chidwi osati kukula kwake, komanso kuwala kokongola kwa lalanje kwamapapo;
• Mfumu ya Orange. Manda achikuda a lalanje ndi omwe amadziwika kwambiri pamitunduyi. Poterepa, mbewuyi ili ndi kukula wamba;
• Mfumukazi ya Ndimu Malinga ndi dzina lake, mitundu iyi imakhala ndi maluwa achikasu;
• Mphatso. Zoyambira zamtunduwu zimafikira masentimita 60. Maluwa amakhala ndi kuwala kokongola kwamtundu wa lalanje;
• Mafumukazi a Orange. Leotard uyu ndi lalanje wokhala ndi maluwa otseguka komanso kukongola kwakukulu;
• Galimoto Yamoto. Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi ma nectaries a lalanje ndi manda ofiira ofiira, ndipo zotsalazo zimawoneka kwambiri ngati Mfumukazi ya Orenji;

Lemon mfumukazi yosambira

• Orange Globe. Maluwa a mitundu iyi ndi akulu, lalanje owala, ndipo manda ndi ochulukirapo;
• Mbalame ya Canary - mitundu yachikhalidwe yachikasu yomwe imakulidwa, ndiye kuti, wosakanizidwa wosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yowala;
• Alabaster. Mtundu wina wosakanizidwa, kusiyanasiyana kwa chikhalidwe choyera. Zimasiyana m'matchire otsika mpaka 60 cm;
• Elista wa Onse. Izi ndi mitundu yoyambirira yamaluwa achikasu owala ofikira kutalika kwa masentimita 7. Koma maluwa omwe amakhala okha ndi ochepa kwambiri, mpaka 50 cm;
• Goal Cross. Mitundu iyi imawoneka yachilendo kwambiri: masamba ake ndi achikasu ndipo timadzi tawo ndi lalanje, kotero amawoneka okongola, ngakhale kuti maluwa enieniwo ndi ochepa;
• Golide. Zosiyanasiyana zokongola komanso zowoneka bwino ndi maluwa achikaso owala achikaso, m'mimba mwake momwe amatha kufikira 6 cm.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu pofalitsa pafupifupi mitundu yonse yosambira, ngakhale kuti kuphatikiza ndi njira yomwe ingatheke, koma imawonedwa ngati njira yovuta kwambiri.

Mbewu zimakololedwa mu Julayi-August, kutengera nthawi yamaluwa amtundu wina.

Nthawi yayitali

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimafesedwa m'nthaka mutatha, izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala kapena Novembala.

Kuvomerezedwa kwa mbeu

Alimi odziwa bwino amasakaniza mbewu zomwe zimatulutsidwa mu Ogasiti kapena mu Julayi ndi mchenga wothinitsidwa pang'ono, kusunthira kusakaniza mu thumba ndikusunga mufiriji m'bokosi lopangira masamba ku kutentha kwa 2-4 ° C. Pamenepo, njere zimayenera kukhala miyezi itatu kuti zitheke.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Ndikofunikira kukulitsa leotard mu dothi lotayirira, lomwe limatha kupuma bwino. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amapanga magawo awiri a peat, malo omwewo ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga.

Sankhani

Kuwombera kumayamba kuwonekera theka loyamba la Meyi. Nyengo yotentha ikayamba, iwo amakula bwino, makamaka ngati amapatsidwa madzi ambiri ndikuteteza ku dzuwa. Iyenera kuwumbidwa pambuyo pakupezeka timapepala tambiri tambiri pambewu. Mphukira zimabzalidwa pamtunda wamtali wa 7-10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Monga lamulo, patatha chaka chimodzi izi, zobzala kale komanso zokulirapo zibzalidwa m'malo osatha m'mundamo.

Kodi ndizotheka kumuika kuchokera mumphika

Monga lamulo, osatha amenewa amabzala nthawi yomweyo. Koma alimi ambiri amabzala m'chidebe chaka choyamba. Kenako mchaka chachiwiri funso likubwera, momwe mungabzale leotard pamphika. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuchita mosamala kuti musawononge mizu.

Kufotokozera kwa kubereka mwakugawa

Leotard amatha kubereka komanso kugawa tchire. Njira iyi ndiyabwino kwa wamaluwa odziwa ntchito. Ndondomeko imachitika pokhapokha pokhudzana ndi zitsamba zopatsa thanzi, zopangidwa bwino zaka zisanu. Amakungidwa, pambuyo pake amayesa kutsuka pang'ono ndi mizu, kenako ndikugawa chikwanje ndi mpeni wakuthwa kuti agawike m'magulu atatu kuti awonekere. Bzalani nthawi yomweyo kuti muchepetse kuuma

Zolemba zam'munda

Kukula duwa la leotard sivuto ngakhale kwa woyamba kuyambitsa.

Kodi wakudontha amasangalala ndi mikhalidwe yotani?

Zimatengera komwe nyengo yokhayi yomwe yakula. Koma kupyola Russia yambiri, magetsi amayang'ana kuzimiririka. M'malo otseguka, pokhapokha ngati nthaka ndi youma kwambiri, zosatha izi zimamva bwino.

Kodi mbewu imachita mantha ndi chiyani?

Nthawi yakula, mmera umakhala ndi mantha chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, choncho muyenera kupereka madzi nthawi zonse kumaluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuunikako sikumakonda kufalikira, tchire limatha kukhala malo amodzi kwa zaka zosachepera 10. Samakondanso kukumba lapansi mozungulira chitsamba, popeza mizu ikukula mwachangu. Ma perenniyu amapereka miyala yambiri yammbali, ndipo kukumba kungawawononge.

Kuthirira

Kuti mukule chomera chamaluwa chabwino komanso chamaluwa, kuunikako kuyenera kuthiriridwa pafupipafupi kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Julayi kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa. Pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala, pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa.

Mulching

Njirayi ndiyosankha pakukula magetsi. Koma imapulumutsa mwini mundawo ndi dimba kuti asamasulire pang'ono malowa, komanso imateteza nthaka kuti isayime, osakana.

Kumasuka

Chofowoka chomera ichi ndichakuti sichikonda kusunthira kwa pansi, chifukwa chake chimafunikira kulimidwa nthawi zonse komanso kutulutsa bwino nthaka.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Mitundu yonse yosambira ku Europe imakula bwino, osafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Komabe, pofuna kukonza kukana kwa duwa loyambitsalo kuti lisinthe zinthu zachilengedwe, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito phulusa. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kasupe. Kenako, kumayambiriro kokula mwachangu, kuphatikiza feteleza wa nayitrogeni adzafunika. Ndipo pokhapokha, pakuyenda bwino maluwa, feteleza ovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Thirani

Zosatha izi sizimakonda zokolola, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, simuyenera kuzisokoneza. Koma ngati tchire limakula kwambiri, limagawika m'magawo angapo ndikuwokedwa.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Kaya leot ndi yoyera, yachikaso kapena lalanje, chomera ichi chimachita maluwa okongola kwambiri. Komabe, mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino.

Mitundu ya maluwa

Pa chikhalidwe, pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa wamba kapena pawiri, yophatikiza ndi masamba asanu kapena 9-10.

Alabaster mbewu

Maonekedwe a maluwa

Leotard wachikulire wa udzu amakhala ndi maluwa amodzi okha - ozungulira. Koma maluwa amatha kukhala otseguka kapena otseguka.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Ngati dimba leotard limamasula, zimatengera mitundu yake. Ambiri a iwo amawulula maluwa mu theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Mwambiri, maluwa amatenga masabata 3-4. Mitundu ina imakondweretsa diso mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi.

Zosintha pakusamalira maluwa

Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusazindikira kwake, koma pamene leotard imamasula, sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera, kupatula umodzi umodzi.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Leotard ndi udzu wokhala ndi phokoso. Samakula m'mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Tizilombo

Chomera ichi ndichopweteka ku tizilombo, motero sichitha kutenga tizilombo tomwe titha kugwidwa.

Matenda

Leotard amatetezedwa kumatenda ambiri. Komabe, mafangayi amatha kuwopseza duwa loyambalo. Popewa matenda, ndikokwanira kusankha masamba owuma panthawi yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuthirira.

Komabe, m'mundamu nthawi zonse pamakhala ngozi yotenga bowa. Chifukwa chake, ngati izi zidachitikabe, mukuyenera kuwononga ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachirombo ndikuwathira ndi bowa.

Zizindikiro zosamalidwa bwino

Masamba achikasu amaso am'maso angasonyeze kuti mbewuyo imafunikira kusinthasintha, chifukwa imalandira kuwala kokwanira dzuwa.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Chomera chamuyaya ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe. Kwenikweni, imabzalidwa panthawi yopanga minda yamiyala, komanso malo okhala ndi miyala, ndiye kuti, minda yamiyala.

Chomerachi chimaphatikizidwa bwino m'matanthwe ndi edelweiss ndi phesi. Koma chifukwa cha izi, mitundu yaying'ono imasankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, chovala chovala chaching'ono ndichabwino. Popeza, maluwa atatha, mbewuwo imataya zokongoletsera zake, ndipo pokhapokha pofika m'dzinja pomwe rosette yoyambira imamera m'nkhokwe, imafunikira oyandikana nawo abwino ngati Siberian iris ndi zipatso za masana. Mwa zitsamba, limagwirizana bwino ndi magonia a kubowo ndi spirea yaku Japan.

Wachikulire waku Leopard

Chifukwa chake, ili ndi duwa la konsekonse lomwe silisamala posamalira, osawopa majeremusi, ndipo matenda nthawi zambiri amabadwa. Kukula ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta. Ndipo maluwa ake ndi osaiwalika.