Strawberry Pang'onopang'ono: Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Kuteteza Matenda

Strawberry, monga chikhalidwe china chilichonse, amafunika ntchito zomwe zimathandizira kuti chitukuko chake chikhale chimodzi, chomwe ndi kuchizira kwa matenda ndi tizirombo. Kuti njirayi ichite bwino, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera, komanso kuti mudziwe malamulo oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.

Bwanji kukonza sitiroberi masika

Kuchepetsa masika a sitiroberi kumathandizira komanso kuteteza chilengedwe, chifukwa pakukonzekera sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa kuti asawononge mbewu yamtsogolo. Komabe, mwambowu suyenera kunyalanyazidwa, chifukwa mankhwalawa samangolepheretsa kuonekera kwa matenda, komanso feteleza pang'ono wa tchire la sitiroberi.

Zinthu zopangira sitiroberi

Pali njira zambiri zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito njira zopewera matenda a sitiroberi kasupe.

Amoni

Ammonia ndiodziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylactic motsutsana ndi tizirombo tina (Meyi mphutsi, nyerere) ndi bowa.

Amoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati popewa matenda a sitiroberi, komanso ngati feteleza

Kuphatikizika kwa yankho: Sopo yochapira (1 chidutswa, 72%), botolo la ammonia (40 ml) ndi madzi (10 l). Kukonzekera kuli motere:

1. Pakani sopo pa grater ndikuthira madzi owira pang'ono.
2. Sakanizani sopoyo kuti usungunuke kwathunthu.
3. Thirani mitsinje yopyapyala ya sokisi mu ndowa, kusakaniza pafupipafupi. Zikopa za sopo siziyenera kukhalabe m'madzi.
4. Onjezani ammonia kumadzi amsosi ndikusakaniza chilichonse.

Njira yothetserayo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ammonia imayamba kutulutsa. Samathira masamba a sitiroberi kokha kuchokera kuthirira ndi kutsitsi louma, komanso nthaka kuti ichotse mphutsi za tizilombo.

Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi

Popeza ammonia ndi mankhwala oopsa, samalani mukamagwira ntchito kuti musawononge thanzi lanu:

• Tetezani nkhope yanu ndi chigoba kapena kupumira, ndi manja okhala ndi magolovesi. Yesetsani kuti musasiye malo owonekera pathupi;
• ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito ntchito yonse yokonzekera panja. Mukamagwira ntchito m'nyumba, tsegulani mawindo kuti muchepetse mpweya wabwino. Ngati mukukonza mabulosi mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti muchite izi ndi zitseko zotseguka;
• ngati ammonia wafika pakhungu lanu, sambani malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi sopo ndi madzi. Ngati ammonia alowa mkati, ndiye imwani kapu yamkaka. Funsani kwa dokotala ngati kuli kofunikira.

Mankhwala othandizira

Kuchiza ndi yankho la ammonia kumachitika m'njira ziwiri.

Musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza aliyense, onjezerani mofunikira bedi la sitiroberi ndi madzi ofunda.

Chitani chithandizo choyambirira kuyambira m'ma mpaka kumapeto kwa Epulo, chisanu chitasungunuka:

1. Ngati simunachotse bedi lamundawo mu kugwa, ndiye kuti liyeretseni masamba akale ndi mulch, komanso kudula tchire.
2. Athandizeni ndi yankho lokonzekera. Pakupopera, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito sprayer yokhala ndi malo otseguka kotero kuti yankho limatsanulira mwachangu ndipo mowa ulibe nthawi yopumira.

Yachiwiri kukonza ikuchitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June, mutangochita maluwa. Kuti mupeze yankho, pamafunika ammonia ochepa - supuni ziwiri kapena zitatu pa malita 10 a madzi ofunda. Ndondomeko tikulimbikitsidwa madzulo kapena mitambo nyengo, kuti kuwotcha masamba. Chonde dziwani kuti panthawi yakupsa zipatso, sizikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito yankho, kotero musazengereze kuzikonzanso.

Vitriol wabuluu

Copper sulfate ndi chida chotsika mtengo komanso chothandiza chomwe chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino popewa matenda osiyanasiyana a sitiroberi (nkhanambo, imvi zowola, phwepwe, mawanga), komanso polimbana ndi tizirombo. Pazolinga za prophylactic, yankho la peresenti imodzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kapena m'ma April, mpaka masamba atawonekera pa sitiroberi.

Ma kristalo a Copper sulfate ali ndi mtundu wowala wa buluu.

The zikuchokera yankho: 100 g zamkuwa sulphate, 10 L madzi. Kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza izi ndikokwanira kukonzekera yankho lomwe lakonzedwa kuti ubwezere tchire la sitiroberi 25-30. Pangani mankhwala motere:

1. Pakatentha kochepa, koma osati madzi otentha, ufa umasungunuka mpaka utasungunuka kwathunthu.
2. Zosakaniza zomwe zidaphatikizidwa zidasungunuka ndi madzi ofunda kuti 10 l solution ipezeke.

Gwiritsani ntchito yankho lake mukamaliza. Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwalawa sitiroberi pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Kufufuza kumachitika madzulo kapena kwamitambo, nyengo yofunda, kuti musawotche masamba.

Iron sulfate

Vitriol imagwiritsidwanso ntchito bwino ndi alimi ambiri mukulima masika. Monga lamulo, limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa nthaka pamabedi a sitiroberi. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, kuwoneka kwa anthracnose, zowola imvi, zabodza komanso ufa wa powdery zitha kupewedwa.

Makristali azitsulo azitsulo ndi obiriwira.

The zikuchokera njira yothetsera nthaka: 400 g ufa, 10 L madzi. Ndi yankho ili, muyenera kukonza bedi masiku asanu ndi awiri musanadzalemo tchire la sitiroberi, ndikuthira malita 4-5 pa bowo limodzi. Chida chidakonzedwa motere:

1. Ufa umaphatikizidwa mu 1 litre yamadzi otentha mpaka ma granules atatha.
2. Zosakaniza zomwe zimaphatikizidwa zimasakanizidwa ndi madzi otentha kuti 10 l yankho likhalepo.

Ngati mukufuna kukonza tabzala kale, ndiye kuti mufunika njira yochepetsera ndende. Ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yosinthira masamba asanafike pa sitiroberi, kotero njirayi imachitika kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka pakati pa Epulo.

Kuphatikizika: 30 g wa ufa, 10 L yamadzi, njira yokonzekera ndi yomweyo. Thirirani nthaka mozungulira tchire la sitiroberi.

Madzi owiritsa

Monga momwe wamaluwa amawonera, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha ndi njira yodalirika yolimbana ndi nkhupakupa, nematode ndi fungus spores.

Strawberry amathandizidwa ndi madzi otentha nthawi yoyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka pakati pa Epulo, pomwe masamba obiriwira sanaonekere patchire:

1. Tenthetsani madzi pafupifupi chithupsa.
2. Kenako amathira mu madzi otentha komanso osamba.
3. Kuthirira mbewu. 0,5 l madzi ndi okwanira chitsamba chimodzi.

Osawopa kuti mudzawotcha mbewuyo: madzi akadzafika, kutentha kwake kudzakhala 65-70 ^zaC, pakufika pamizu - 30 ^zaC.

Urea

Urea imadziwika bwino ngati feteleza wa mchere, koma imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pothana ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mlengalenga kuti ichotse nsabwe za m'masamba, tinnitsa, zovala zodzitchinjiriza, komanso kutchingira tchire kuti lisawonongeke ndi nkhanambo.

Urea imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choteteza ku tizirombo ndi matenda a sitiroberi

The zikuchokera yankho: 30-40 g wa urea, 10 L madzi. Urea imanyowetsedwa m'madzi mpaka itasungunuka kwathunthu. Kumwaza mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamaso pa masamba obiriwira - kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka pakati pa Epulo.

Iodini

Iodine amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mibadwo yambiri ya wamaluwa monga prophylactic motsutsana ndi powdery hlobo ndi May mphutsi. Makonzedwe akuchitika kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, nthawi zonse maluwa asanafike.

Gwiritsani ntchito ayodini pamene mukukonza mabulosi mwachisawawa kuti musavulaze mbewuyo

Kuphatikizika kwa yankho: madontho 10 a ayodini, 1 lita imodzi ya mkaka, 10 malita a madzi. Kukonzanso kumachitika bwino madzulo kapena kwamvula.

Mabuku ena amachenjeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini kungasokoneze kapangidwe ka nthaka. Phulusa zake zapoizoni zimadziunjikiranso mumtengowo, kuphatikiza zipatso, chifukwa chake musamachite mankhwalawa a ayodini ndi kuvala zovala zapamwamba nthawi zambiri ndipo osagwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikika.

Kanema: Mankhwala a ayodini wa Strawberry

Boric acid

Nthawi zambiri, yankho la boric acid limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa matenda monga mizu zowola ndi bacteriosis. Kuphatikiza apo, alimi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chida ichi akuti amathandizira kuwonjezera zokolola.

Kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid kumawonjezera sitiroberi

The zikuchokera yankho: 1 g wa boric acid (ufa), 10 L madzi. Pangani yankho motere:

1. Kutentha kwamadzi mpaka 60-70 ^zaC - granules sizisungunuka m'madzi ozizira.
2. Ma granles a boric acid amathiridwa mumtsuko ndi kusakaniza bwino.
3. Zitsamba zimathiridwa pansi pa muzu (300 ml ya njira yokwanira chomera chimodzi) ndikumwaza nthaka ndi phulusa lonyowa.

Kufufuza zitha kuchitika kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi.

Musatengeke ndikugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi: akatswiri amadziwa kuti kuwongolera pafupipafupi komanso kuvala pamwamba kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwa muzu wa sitiroberi ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba (amatembenuka chikasu ndikupezeka pakati).

Zomera zopota ndi njira zowongolera

Kupanga kasupe wa sitiroberi kumathandiza kuthana ndi tizirombo tambiri m'munda.

Weevil

Weevil ndi tizilombo tambiri totchedwa sitiroberi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti timatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewu: akatswiri akuti zitsamba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi weevil zimapatsa zipatso 40% kuposa zathanzi.

Weevil imagunda maluwa a sitiroberi, kotero kupezeka kwake pabedi kungathetse mbewuzo

Zovala sizimakhudzanso zipatsozo, koma masamba, chifukwa chake thumba losunga mazira silingawonekere pachitsamba chopatsirana.

Pofuna kuthana ndi tiziromboti pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsatirazi:

• yankho la mpiru (100 g ya ufa wa mpiru umasakanizidwa ndi 3 l ya madzi otentha);
• phulusa-sopo yothetsera (40 g ya sopo yochapira, 3 makilogalamu a phulusa ndi 10 l yamadzi akusakanikirana);
• kukonzekera kwapadera (Karbofos, Atellix, Metaphos).

Muyenera kuchita kukonzanso kawiri:

1. Nthawi yoyamba ndi nthawi yophukira, masiku 5 isanayambike maluwa (nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni).
2. Nthawi yachiwiri - M'chilimwe masabata awiri oyambilira a Juni.

Kanema: weevil processing mabulosi

Mafunso

Strawberry nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi sitiroberi ndi nthata za akangaude.

Strawberry mite

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tili tating'ono kwambiri, motero simungayikirepo pa tchire la sitiroberi. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuchitira umboni kukhalapo kwake: kuthinkhidwa kwa masamba ndi kupezeka kwa mtengo wachikasu, zipatso zochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, tchire lomwe limakhudzidwa limataya kuuma kwawo ndipo mwina satha kupulumuka nyengo yozizira.

Chizindikiro chowonongeka kwa chitsamba cha sitiroberi ndi mite ya sitiroberi ndi kukhalapo kwa masamba pa masamba

Chithandizo cha masika kuchokera ku tizilombo m'njira zosiyanasiyana zimachitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi:

1. Madzi owiritsa amathandizidwa kumayambiriro kapena m'ma April. Kutentha kwamadzi otentha - 65 ^zaC, madzi otaya - 0,5 l amadzi pachitsamba chilichonse.
2. Kumwaza ndi kulowetsa anyezi wambiri kumachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi, pomwe masamba amawoneka pa sitiroberi:
   • zilowerere 200 g ya anyezi peel 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira masiku 5;
   • onjezerani malita 9 amadzi ofunda ndi zitsamba zopopera kuchokera ku mfuti yofayira, kulabadira mwapadera mkati mwa masamba - Mafunso omwe nthawi zambiri amabisala pamenepo;
   • mutatha kukonza, kuphimba bedi kwa maola angapo ndi kanema;
   • bwerezani mankhwalawa katatu pakadutsa masiku 10.
3. Kuchita ndi kukonzekera kwapadera (mwachitsanzo, Karbofos) kumachitidwa kufikira pomwe mabulosi a mabulosi ayamba kuphuka:
   • konzani mankhwala mogwirizana ndi malangizo ndi kukonza zitsamba, kuphatikizapo mbali yamkati yamasamba;
   • pakuchita bwino kwambiri, kama wake umavalanso ndi filimu.

Spider mite

Monga nkhupakupa zina, kangaudeyu ndiwocheperako motero pafupifupi saoneka. Zizindikiro zakuwonongeka pachitsamba ndi kupezeka kwa malo oyera mkati mwa masamba ndi kangaude womwe umayambira kutsinde mpaka masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewuyo imafooka ndipo imataya mwayi wake wokana matenda ena. Izi ndizowopsa chifukwa kangaude ndi yemwe amanyamula matenda (makamaka kuwola kwa imvi).

Chifukwa cha kangaude, masamba a sitiroberi amalephera kuthana ndi matenda

Kusintha kwa masika kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka m'ma Meyi ndipo pamakhalanso zotsatirazi:

1. Kuwaza ndi peresenti imodzi yankho la sulfate yamkuwa.
2. Kuchepetsa anyezi kapena adyo kulowetsedwa:
   • 100 wosadulidwa 100-200 g wa anyezi kapena adyo umatsanulira 10 l wa mkangano mpaka 70 ^zaKuchokera kumadzi;
   • kunena tsiku;
   • kenako ndinaphulira tchire kuchokera ku mfuti yokuthirira;
   • kuphimba kwa maola angapo ndi kanema;
   • bwerezerani mankhwalawa katatu kawiri masiku khumi.
3. Kuwaza ndi yankho la anyezi mankhusu (okonzeka chimodzimodzi monga pokonza motsutsana sitiroberi nthata).
4. Chithandizo cha kulowetsedwa ndi tsabola wofiyira:
   • akanadulidwa 100 g wa tsabola wouma, kutsanulira 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira kwa maola 2-3;
   • ndiye kuchepetsa madzi okwanira malita 9;
   • sintha shrub;
   • kuphimba bedi kwa maola angapo ndi kanema;
   • kuchita pokonzekera katatu ndi gawo la masiku 10.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito Karbofos mwapadera (malingaliro ndi ofanana ndi sitiroberi sitiroberi).

Kanema: kukonza mabulosi ku nkhupakupa

Pennitsa

Ngati chithovu chikuwoneka pazitsamba zanu, chofanana ndi kulavulira, ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti masamba a sitiroberi amakhudzidwa ndi pennies. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitiwonedwa ngati owopsa, koma kupezeka kwake kumapangitsanso kufooka kwa mbewu ndikuchepa kwa zokolola zake.

M'mizere ya foam ndi mphutsi zapamwamba

Muyenera kukonza zitsamba mu nthawi yoyambira Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi. Zida zotere ndi zoyenera:

• potaziyamu permanganate yankho (sungunulani 5 g wa ufa mu 10 l wamadzi usavutike mtima mpaka 70 ^zaC)
• kulowetsedwa kwa adyo (okonzedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malamulo wamba);
• kukonzekera kwapadera Karbofos (gwiritsani ntchito mogwirizana ndi malangizo).

Yesani kuyang'ana kwambiri kumbuyo kwa masamba, chifukwa ma penni amabisala pamenepo.

Chafer

Zitsamba za Strawberry nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi vuto la May bug. Mphutsi za tinthu timeneti timakhala m'nthaka ndipo zimadyanso mizu ya sitiroberi, ndiye mbewuyo imafooka ndikufota, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imachepetsa zokolola zake.

Tizilomboti tating'onoting'ono timakhala m'dothi mwakuya kwa 50-60 cm ndikuwononga mizu ya sitiroberi

Pofuna kupewa izi, kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi, ndikofunikira kukonza mabedi. Pa mwambowu, gwiritsani ntchito zida zotsatirazi:

1. Amoni. Konzani njira yothetsera vutoli (supuni 0,5 za ammonia + 10 malita a madzi) ndikuthira m'mundamo bwino.
2. Anyezi peel:
   • kutsanulira 100 g anyezi mankhusu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, kuchepetsa mu malita 9 a madzi ofunda ndi kunena kwa masiku 3-5;
   • musanakonzere, onjezerani njira pakati ndi madzi ndikutsanulira tchire pansi pazu;
   • Zemlin, Barguzin ndi mankhwala ena okhala ndi diazinon - tizirombo tomwe tating'onoting'ono - malinga ndi malangizo.
3. Mulching. Kuti mulch, gwiritsani ntchito utuchi kapena zinyalala zamasamba wokhala ndi masentimita osachepera 5. Koma zindikirani kuti mulching imachitika kokha pofuna kupewa. Ngati muli ndi tizirombo m'nthaka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwononga, kenako kuthira mulch.

Kanema: kayendetsedwe kaziphuphu ka Maybug

Kuchepetsa masika a sitiroberi ndi chochitika chofunikira chomwe chithandiza kupewa mavuto ambiri ndi thanzi lanu komanso kukula kwa mbeu zanu. Mukatsatira malangizo onse ndi upangiri mudzitsimikizira nokha mbewu yabwino.